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90-744: The short but complicated life of the Granadine Confederation was marked by rivalry between the Conservative Party and the Liberal Party , which ended in a Civil War (1860–1862). It also was a period of hostility against the Roman Catholic Church , and of divided regionalism . The Granadine Confederation was established by the Constitution of 1853, considered pro- federalist or centro - federalist because it gave more autonomy to

180-661: A dissident group called the National Salvation Movement . Gómez was murdered in 1995 in unclear circumstances, although some testimony claims that the killers were members of the government and the mafia. In 1982, conservative Belisario Betancur was elected president. After that, the party was in opposition until 1998, when Andrés Pastrana was chosen to be the president. The party used the name Social Conservative Party ( Spanish : Partido Social Conservador ) between 1990 and 1992. During this period many new parties were formed, including some movements that seceded from

270-592: A dissident group called the National Salvation Movement . Gómez was murdered in 1995 in unclear circumstances, although some testimony claims that the killers were members of the government and the mafia. In 1982, conservative Belisario Betancur was elected president. After that, the party was in opposition until 1998, when Andrés Pastrana was chosen to be the president. The party used the name Social Conservative Party ( Spanish : Partido Social Conservador ) between 1990 and 1992. During this period many new parties were formed, including some movements that seceded from

360-567: A law giving the President the right to remove the duly appointed governors of the states and appoint one of his choosing. With this law, the president secured the power of the Conservative Party . On May 10, 1859, another law was passed, this one giving the president the power to create administrative departments in states so to control their resources and how would they be used. These laws angered many liberal leaders, specially general Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera , an ex-president of New Granada, and

450-421: A powerful and influential politician in the country. He denounced these laws as unconstitutional and made contact with other liberal leaders in other states, who gave him their support to revolt against the president, even though not all agreed with his ideas, they supported him and accepted to allow him to become Supreme Director of War, because they saw no other way to get back their autonomy than to revolt against

540-581: Is a conservative political party in Colombia . The party was formally established in 1849 by Mariano Ospina Rodríguez and José Eusebio Caro . The Conservative Party along with the Colombian Liberal Party dominated the Colombian political scene from the end of the 19th century until 2002, in bipartisan political hegemony. The two parties were in direct military conflict between 1948 and 1958, during

630-534: Is remembered for his conservative positions on moral and religious issues. However, other conservative politicians have sympathized with a reelection of Juan Manuel Santos. Since 2014, due to disagreements with President Santos about the Colombian peace process and opposition to agreements with the FARC guerrillas, the party joined the opposition with the conservative Democratic Center , which also opposed making deals with

720-437: Is remembered for his conservative positions on moral and religious issues. However, other conservative politicians have sympathized with a reelection of Juan Manuel Santos. Since 2014, due to disagreements with President Santos about the Colombian peace process and opposition to agreements with the FARC guerrillas, the party joined the opposition with the conservative Democratic Center , which also opposed making deals with

810-586: The Bank of the Republic ) was established, and the rail transport system that now crossed the country continued to improve. However, the emerging working class felt irritated with the consecutive conservative governments and began supporting the Liberal Party, winning the presidency with Enrique Olaya Herrera in 1930. In 1946, after sixteen years of liberal governments, the conservative candidate Mariano Ospina Pérez won

900-533: The Bogotazo riots. In the rural areas, members of the Liberal Party formed peasant guerrilla forces, which were then targeted by conservative and paramilitary forces. The Liberal Party boycotted the presidential election of 1950, which was won by the radical conservative Laureano Gómez . Gómez became the leader of the most radical faction of the Conservative Party, while Ospina formed a moderate faction friendly to

990-422: The Bogotazo riots. In the rural areas, members of the Liberal Party formed peasant guerrilla forces, which were then targeted by conservative and paramilitary forces. The Liberal Party boycotted the presidential election of 1950, which was won by the radical conservative Laureano Gómez . Gómez became the leader of the most radical faction of the Conservative Party, while Ospina formed a moderate faction friendly to

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1080-624: The Constitution for the Confederation Granadine of 1858 , confirming Bogotá as its Federal Capital. On July 12, 1861, after fighting the constitutional government of the president Mariano Ospina Rodríguez , the general Tomas Cipriano de Mosquera created the Sovereign State of Tolima , created out of the State of Cundinamarca. This was confirmed and legalized by the rest of the states of

1170-630: The Popular Action Movement . Rojas censored and closed important newspapers and began seeking re-election. Fearing a possible dictatorship, members of the Conservative and Liberal parties created an alliance called the National Front ( Spanish : Frente Nacional ) that prevented Rojas from being re-elected. The National Front was a pact in which for sixteen years, Conservatives and Liberals would share power locally and nationally, and govern

1260-454: The Popular Action Movement . Rojas censored and closed important newspapers and began seeking re-election. Fearing a possible dictatorship, members of the Conservative and Liberal parties created an alliance called the National Front ( Spanish : Frente Nacional ) that prevented Rojas from being re-elected. The National Front was a pact in which for sixteen years, Conservatives and Liberals would share power locally and nationally, and govern

1350-665: The United States . The overt partisanship and the use of the state power exacerbated old tensions, which would ultimately lead from small scale conflicts like the war of 1895 to historical periods such as "La Violence". Two notable violent episodes occurred in this period: the Thousand Days' War and the Banana massacre . During the Hegemony, the Central Bank (later the Bank of the Republic )

1440-548: The Vatican , even causing Pope Pius IX to condemn the government of Colombia for its actions. After the creation of the Confederation Granadine, during the government of Mariano Ospina Rodríguez , the Jesuits were once again welcomed into the country and religious tensions eased. This brief period of religious calm ended when Mosquera, who assumed the presidency a second time, continued with his anticlerical attitude driving once again

1530-550: The " Liberales ministeriales ". After the war, known as the War of the Supremes ( Spanish : Guerra de los Supremos ), General Pedro Alcántara Herrán won the presidency. Alcántara created a new constitution, with conservative and centralist characteristics. Mariano Ospina Rodríguez , a prominent member of Alcántara's government, supported the return of the Jesuits to the country and reformed

1620-625: The " National Front ", agreeing to rotate power, intercalating for a period of four presidential terms. The election victory of independent candidate Álvaro Uribe in 2002 put an end to dominance of two party politics in Colombia . The Conservative Party is the third largest political force in the country's legislature after the Liberals and the Historic Pact for Colombia . It was part of the coalition of Juan Manuel Santos from 2010 to 2014 and supported

1710-594: The 1970 election, losing against Pastrana. During the National Front the ideological differences between the parties started to disappear; however, the parties themselves survived because most of their members came from traditional families and political clans. Both parties were taken over by regional political lords, while traditional factions of the Conservative Party survived with new leaders. The Ospina faction survived through Misael Pastrana's son Andrés Pastrana , while Álvaro Gómez Hurtado , son of Laureano Gómez, led

1800-537: The 1970 election, losing against Pastrana. During the National Front the ideological differences between the parties started to disappear; however, the parties themselves survived because most of their members came from traditional families and political clans. Both parties were taken over by regional political lords, while traditional factions of the Conservative Party survived with new leaders. The Ospina faction survived through Misael Pastrana's son Andrés Pastrana , while Álvaro Gómez Hurtado , son of Laureano Gómez, led

1890-595: The Catholic Church. Universal suffrage, "contradictory with the hierarchical nature of the society", was abolished in 1880. Only those over the age of 21 with a "legitimate" trade or profession as means of subsistence, literate, earning at least $ 500 Pesos yearly (a substantial sum at the time) or owner of estates valued over $ 1500 Pesos could vote. Following the events of the Regeneration, the Conservative Party remained in power in Colombia until 1930. During this period

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1980-612: The Colombian Union, by means of Article 41 of the Pact of the Union on September 20, 1861, reaffirming the legality of the institutionalism of Tolima. By the conservative mandate of Mariano Ospina Rodríguez , Congress passed and approved a new Constitution for the country on May 22, 1858. By this constitution , the country was named officially as the Confederation Granadine and conformed by eight sovereign states. More power and representation

2070-659: The Conservative Party. Among them were the National Salvation Movement (mentioned above), the "Independent Conservatism" movement of the Gerlein family , Pastrana's independent party New Democratic Force , the National Conservative Movement, and the movement in Antioquia called "Unionismo". In 2002, although most Conservative senators and representatives initially backed Juan Camilo Restrepo in his bid for

2160-416: The Conservative Party. Among them were the National Salvation Movement (mentioned above), the "Independent Conservatism" movement of the Gerlein family , Pastrana's independent party New Democratic Force , the National Conservative Movement, and the movement in Antioquia called "Unionismo". In 2002, although most Conservative senators and representatives initially backed Juan Camilo Restrepo in his bid for

2250-412: The Conservative Party. The country began an unstable period of economic decay and multiple short civil wars between states and parties. In 1876, the independent liberal politician Rafael Núñez was defeated by the official liberal candidate Aquileo Parra . Núñez was in favor of reforming the state and ending the federal system, replacing it with a centralist system administered from the capital, Bogotá. He

2340-481: The FARC. At the command of former president Andrés Pastrana, the party joined the movement to reject the peace agreements, claiming that signing an armistice agreement would allow the former guerrilla group to go unpunished. Despite attempts from President Santos to be inclusive and allow input from the opposition in the final agreement, the party's anti-peace stance did not permit them to collaborate. The party's primary focus

2430-434: The FARC. At the command of former president Andrés Pastrana, the party joined the movement to reject the peace agreements, claiming that signing an armistice agreement would allow the former guerrilla group to go unpunished. Despite attempts from President Santos to be inclusive and allow input from the opposition in the final agreement, the party's anti-peace stance did not permit them to collaborate. The party's primary focus

2520-535: The Jesuits out of the Confederacy giving them only seventy-two hours to leave the country or risk imprisonment, as he blamed them of endorsing the insurgency. He passed a couple of anticlerical laws. One of these was the Tuition of Cults, a law that prohibited religious officials to exercise their functions without authorization from the government, thus requiring special licenses to preach. Through another law, he confiscated

2610-471: The Liberals and the Historic Pact for Colombia . It was part of the coalition of Juan Manuel Santos from 2010 to 2014 and supported the conservative government of Álvaro Uribe from 2002 to 2010. It currently supports the leftist government of Gustavo Petro , despite noticeable differences in ideology. Lawyer José Ignacio de Márquez was elected president of Colombia in 1837. During his government, tensions between civil politicians and generals grew into

2700-512: The Social Party of National Unity have become ideological partners. In December 2011, the caucuses of the Conservative Party and the Social Party of National Unity created a pact to maintain the majority of both parties in the Chamber of Representatives. The party was one of the most impacted by the Colombian parapolitics scandal , and it has been affected by corruption scandals that happened during

2790-407: The Social Party of National Unity have become ideological partners. In December 2011, the caucuses of the Conservative Party and the Social Party of National Unity created a pact to maintain the majority of both parties in the Chamber of Representatives. The party was one of the most impacted by the Colombian parapolitics scandal , and it has been affected by corruption scandals that happened during

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2880-483: The best buyer, improving industry and investment while putting money in the hands of the state. However, the laws provided little assistance to the farmers who finished up owning little of the land as Mosquera intended, with his slogan of “Land for those who work it”. The Granadine Confederation ended on 8 May 1863, with the signing of the Constitution of 1863 by the Rionegro Convention , which officially changed

2970-444: The central government, and gave parameters to creating new laws and amending the constitution. It included the basic freedoms, and rights of the people. The constitution was important as it signaled the official beginning of the confederacy and set legal parameters. Even though the Constitution of 1858 had legalized federalism, the politics of the president Mariano Ospina Rodríguez favored centralism . This conservativism clashed with

3060-409: The civil war period known as La Violencia , after which they established the " National Front ", agreeing to rotate power, intercalating for a period of four presidential terms. The election victory of independent candidate Álvaro Uribe in 2002 put an end to dominance of two party politics in Colombia . The Conservative Party is the third largest political force in the country's legislature after

3150-689: The clergy and church property during this time. During the first presidency of general Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera during 1849, Mosquera adopted a radical position with the church, approving laws confiscating religious property and subjecting the clergy to government rules. He banished the Society of Jesus from the Republic of New Granada , expelled the Archbishop of Bogotá. The closure of convents and monasteries drove nuns into poverty, although many were taken into homes by citizens. All of this drew direct criticism from

3240-417: The conservative government of Álvaro Uribe from 2002 to 2010. It currently supports the leftist government of Gustavo Petro , despite noticeable differences in ideology. Lawyer José Ignacio de Márquez was elected president of Colombia in 1837. During his government, tensions between civil politicians and generals grew into the first civil war in Colombia. Marquez's supporters in the conflict were called

3330-564: The conservative program that became the ideological platform for the new party. In 1851, in the Cauca department , certain fractions of the Conservative Party took up arms to fight against the abolition of slavery. In 1863, the Liberal party created a new constitution in the city of Rionegro , which was opposed by the Conservative Party. The country began an unstable period of economic decay and multiple short civil wars between states and parties. In 1876,

3420-402: The country lost Panama to the United States . The overt partisanship and the use of the state power exacerbated old tensions, which would ultimately lead from small scale conflicts like the war of 1895 to historical periods such as "La Violence". Two notable violent episodes occurred in this period: the Thousand Days' War and the Banana massacre . During the Hegemony, the Central Bank (later

3510-511: The country by taking turns in the presidency. The Conservative Party would not present a candidate for the 1958 and 1966 presidential elections, and the Liberals would support the Conservative candidate in 1962 ( Guillermo León Valencia ) and 1970 ( Misael Pastrana ). During this historical period conservative dissidents led by Jorge Leyva Urdaneta opposed the pact, and presented him as presidential candidate in 1958 and 1962. Conservatives Belisario Betancur and Evaristo Sourdis were candidates for

3600-511: The country by taking turns in the presidency. The Conservative Party would not present a candidate for the 1958 and 1966 presidential elections, and the Liberals would support the Conservative candidate in 1962 ( Guillermo León Valencia ) and 1970 ( Misael Pastrana ). During this historical period conservative dissidents led by Jorge Leyva Urdaneta opposed the pact, and presented him as presidential candidate in 1958 and 1962. Conservatives Belisario Betancur and Evaristo Sourdis were candidates for

3690-688: The country; the Oriental Region included Cundinamarca, Tolima, Boyacá and Santander; the Cauca Region, which included Chocó and extended to Marmato ; the Region of Antioquía, that extended down to the River Chinchiná near Manizales ; and the Atlantic Region. Each of these regions behaved like a separate country without relations to the others. This isolation and lack of roads was a severe restraint on

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3780-540: The economy, as its already distant nuclei were too far from each other for trade to grow and investment to take place. During the brief life of the Confederacy Granadine, the Roman Catholic Church was a constant target for the government. Although its population was still very Roman Catholic , and religion formed an essential part of life, the government approved a number of laws directed at controlling

3870-453: The education system. Alcántara was succeeded in office by General Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera , whose supporters created the Liberal Party in 1848. One year later, Mosquera's detractors Ospina Rodríguez and José Eusebio Caro formed the Conservative Party, which grouped the ministerial liberals, most of the authorities of the Catholic Church and important landowners. In the newspaper La Civilización of October 4, 1849, Ospina and Caro published

3960-431: The first civil war in Colombia. Marquez's supporters in the conflict were called the " Liberales ministeriales ". After the war, known as the War of the Supremes ( Spanish : Guerra de los Supremos ), General Pedro Alcántara Herrán won the presidency. Alcántara created a new constitution, with conservative and centralist characteristics. Mariano Ospina Rodríguez , a prominent member of Alcántara's government, supported

4050-540: The first decade of the 21st century in agencies of the government such as the Ministry of Agriculture, and the Dirección Nacional de Estupefacientes scandal. Conservative former president Andrés Pastrana spoke in favor of a change in the direction the party had taken. His comments generated a dispute with the party president, José Darío Salazar, who was being investigated by the Dirección Nacional de Estupefacientes at

4140-429: The first decade of the 21st century in agencies of the government such as the Ministry of Agriculture, and the Dirección Nacional de Estupefacientes scandal. Conservative former president Andrés Pastrana spoke in favor of a change in the direction the party had taken. His comments generated a dispute with the party president, José Darío Salazar, who was being investigated by the Dirección Nacional de Estupefacientes at

4230-486: The first decade of the 21st century. In the legislative elections of 2002 , the Conservative Party won 13 of 102 seats in the Senate and 21 of 166 in the Chamber of Representatives. The party had the second highest number of votes, after the Liberal Party. Four years later , the Conservative Party won 18 seats in the Senate (5 more than in 2002) and 29 Representatives in the lower chamber (9 more than in 2002). The party stayed in

4320-437: The first decade of the 21st century. In the legislative elections of 2002 , the Conservative Party won 13 of 102 seats in the Senate and 21 of 166 in the Chamber of Representatives. The party had the second highest number of votes, after the Liberal Party. Four years later , the Conservative Party won 18 seats in the Senate (5 more than in 2002) and 29 Representatives in the lower chamber (9 more than in 2002). The party stayed in

4410-429: The government of Eustorgio Salgar during 1859; the Confederacy Granadine declared war on the state of Santander, and sent its army to subdue Eustogio Salgar, who was captured along with other important figures, including Aquileo Parra . Civil war then spread to other states, including Bolívar, Antioquía, Magdalena and Cauca. In an unexpected act, Mosquera captured Bogotá on June 18, 1861, declared himself president of

4500-555: The government. By a decree of May 8, 1860, Mosquera broke relations with the national government, declared himself Supreme Director of War, and declared a separated state, the Sovereign State of Cauca. From that moment the country entered a civil war . In retaliation, the government of Ospina Rodríguez endorsed insurrections against the liberal governments in some states, the first of these armed conflicts being in Santander, against

4590-401: The independent liberal politician Rafael Núñez was defeated by the official liberal candidate Aquileo Parra . Núñez was in favor of reforming the state and ending the federal system, replacing it with a centralist system administered from the capital, Bogotá. He was the Liberal candidate for the presidency in 1880 and won the election, despite many leaders of his own party opposing him. Núñez

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4680-414: The less extremist members of the Liberal Party. In 1953 a coup d'état against Gómez was led by the conservative General Gustavo Rojas Pinilla . Rojas was close to Mariano Ospina Pérez and his faction of the Conservative Party, as well as to some moderate liberals. Rojas began his government with the support of prominent politicians of both parties, yet he decided to make his own political party in 1955,

4770-414: The less extremist members of the Liberal Party. In 1953 a coup d'état against Gómez was led by the conservative General Gustavo Rojas Pinilla . Rojas was close to Mariano Ospina Pérez and his faction of the Conservative Party, as well as to some moderate liberals. Rojas began his government with the support of prominent politicians of both parties, yet he decided to make his own political party in 1955,

4860-438: The name of the country to the United States of Colombia , consisting of nine sovereign states, and where new rules and powers were given to the states and presidents. The Liberals had come to fear the great power of Mosquera, and they drafted the new constitution to limit his power. The Radical Liberals defended a federal government based on a laissez-faire policy, in which regional and local autonomy were protected, where there

4950-552: The need for a reform of the 1991 constitution in order to correct some of its flaws to promote the modernization of the state, to fight unemployment, poverty, and lack of security and to extend and defend property rights. The Colombian Conservative Party is usually the second largest single party in the Colombian Congress, though far behind the numbers corresponding to the Colombian Liberal Party or those of multiple independent factions and candidates. From 1958 to 1978 it, and

5040-491: The need for a reform of the 1991 constitution in order to correct some of its flaws to promote the modernization of the state, to fight unemployment, poverty, and lack of security and to extend and defend property rights. The Colombian Conservative Party is usually the second largest single party in the Colombian Congress, though far behind the numbers corresponding to the Colombian Liberal Party or those of multiple independent factions and candidates. From 1958 to 1978 it, and

5130-399: The newspaper La Civilización of October 4, 1849, Ospina and Caro published the conservative program that became the ideological platform for the new party. In 1851, in the Cauca department , certain fractions of the Conservative Party took up arms to fight against the abolition of slavery. In 1863, the Liberal party created a new constitution in the city of Rionegro , which was opposed by

5220-472: The other major party, the Colombian Liberal Party , shared power as the result of the National Front agreement that followed the fall of General Gustavo Rojas Pinilla . The Colombian Conservative Party has become a close political ally of President Álvaro Uribe , who was formerly a member of the opposing Liberal party. The party did not present its own candidate for the 2006 presidential elections, and instead supported President Uribe's reelection. In 2010,

5310-472: The other major party, the Colombian Liberal Party , shared power as the result of the National Front agreement that followed the fall of General Gustavo Rojas Pinilla . The Colombian Conservative Party has become a close political ally of President Álvaro Uribe , who was formerly a member of the opposing Liberal party. The party did not present its own candidate for the 2006 presidential elections, and instead supported President Uribe's reelection. In 2010,

5400-546: The party held for the first time, primary elections to choose a candidate for presidency. Noemí Sanín was nominated presidential candidate of the Conservative Party, the first woman to do so. In legislative elections of 2006 the party won 29 out of 166 seats in the Chamber of Representatives and 18 out of 100 seats in the Senate. In 2010, the party won 23 seats in Senate and 37 in the chamber of Representatives. Colombian Conservative Party The Colombian Conservative Party ( Spanish : Partido Conservador Colombiano )

5490-494: The presidency because the Liberal Party presented two candidates Gabriel Turbay and Jorge Eliécer Gaitán , neither of whom could gain a majority. Political violence had been on the rise during Ospina's term, and Gaitán became a victim of it during his second presidential bid. He was murdered in Bogotá on April 9, 1948. After his assassination, the period known as La Violencia began, in which popular unrest in cities caused uprisings like

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5580-447: The presidency because the Liberal Party presented two candidates Gabriel Turbay and Jorge Eliécer Gaitán , neither of whom could gain a majority. Political violence had been on the rise during Ospina's term, and Gaitán became a victim of it during his second presidential bid. He was murdered in Bogotá on April 9, 1948. After his assassination, the period known as La Violencia began, in which popular unrest in cities caused uprisings like

5670-425: The presidency, the Conservative Party supported Álvaro Uribe in his campaign. Uribe was a former Liberal who ran as independent against the official liberal candidate Horacio Serpa . Restrepo was close to the government of Andres Pastrana and was criticized by members of his party who supported different candidates like Uribe and Noemí Sanín . In 2006, the Conservative Party supported Uribe's re-election and became

5760-425: The presidency, the Conservative Party supported Álvaro Uribe in his campaign. Uribe was a former Liberal who ran as independent against the official liberal candidate Horacio Serpa . Restrepo was close to the government of Andres Pastrana and was criticized by members of his party who supported different candidates like Uribe and Noemí Sanín . In 2006, the Conservative Party supported Uribe's re-election and became

5850-561: The property of religious communities and organizations such as schools, hospitals, monasteries, churches, land, houses and other properties that could be sold. Those organizations that opposed were banned and abolished. These laws were not approved as a direct attack on the Church, but what was pretended was to improve the situation of the national treasury which was depleted because of the Civil War currently being waged. The Church assets were sold to

5940-458: The provinces of Azuero , Chiriquí , Panamá , and Veraguas , which were demanding autonomous status. The Constitution of 1853 permitted this so that on February 27, 1855, the State of Panamá could be created within the Republic of New Granada. Soon others followed, regionalism was too strong, and in order to prevent a division like the one Greater Colombia had, with Venezuela and Ecuador quitting

6030-404: The provinces, which multiplied to 35 provinces during the administration of Manuel María Mallarino (1855–1857), each with its own provincial constitution. After the disestablishment of Gran Colombia , the centralized government of the Republic of New Granada which was ratified by the constitution of 1843, was soon challenged by the independentist feelings of the different regions; particularly

6120-401: The provisional government, and arrested Ospina Rodríguez, his brother Pastor Ospina, and Bartolomé Calvo , the newly elected president of the confederacy. The war ended in 1862 when the last leaders of the conservative opposition died or gave up. According to the constitution of 1858, the limits of the territory of the Granadine Confederation were to be the same as those of 1810, that divided

6210-429: The return of the Jesuits to the country and reformed the education system. Alcántara was succeeded in office by General Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera , whose supporters created the Liberal Party in 1848. One year later, Mosquera's detractors Ospina Rodríguez and José Eusebio Caro formed the Conservative Party, which grouped the ministerial liberals, most of the authorities of the Catholic Church and important landowners. In

6300-512: The ruling party, the Democratic Center, and receiving favors. The party's current program includes several objectives: to continue the search for peace in Colombia (following the examples of former presidents Guillermo León Valencia , Belisario Betancur and Andrés Pastrana , as members of the party), to preserve national unity and the continuing belief in God held by the majority of Colombians,

6390-406: The ruling party, the Democratic Center, and receiving favors. The party's current program includes several objectives: to continue the search for peace in Colombia (following the examples of former presidents Guillermo León Valencia , Belisario Betancur and Andrés Pastrana , as members of the party), to preserve national unity and the continuing belief in God held by the majority of Colombians,

6480-472: The second largest party of his congressional coalition, after the Social Party of National Unity . In 2010, the Conservative Party won the second-greatest number of votes of any political force in Colombia, and joined Santos' coalition. In November, 2011 senator Efraín Cepeda was elected as the new president of the Conservative Party. The Conservative Party increased its number of seats in the congress during

6570-418: The second largest party of his congressional coalition, after the Social Party of National Unity . In 2010, the Conservative Party won the second-greatest number of votes of any political force in Colombia, and joined Santos' coalition. In November, 2011 senator Efraín Cepeda was elected as the new president of the Conservative Party. The Conservative Party increased its number of seats in the congress during

6660-469: The second place but this time after the Social Party of National Unity and above the Liberals. The situation was better for the conservatives in the elections of 2010 , getting 22 senators and 36 seats in the Chamber of Representatives. As members of the uribista coalition and then of the National Unity Round Table (the government coalition of Juan Manuel Santos), the Conservative Party and

6750-400: The second place but this time after the Social Party of National Unity and above the Liberals. The situation was better for the conservatives in the elections of 2010 , getting 22 senators and 36 seats in the Chamber of Representatives. As members of the uribista coalition and then of the National Unity Round Table (the government coalition of Juan Manuel Santos), the Conservative Party and

6840-422: The society", was abolished in 1880. Only those over the age of 21 with a "legitimate" trade or profession as means of subsistence, literate, earning at least $ 500 Pesos yearly (a substantial sum at the time) or owner of estates valued over $ 1500 Pesos could vote. Following the events of the Regeneration, the Conservative Party remained in power in Colombia until 1930. During this period the country lost Panama to

6930-647: The territory of the Viceroyalty of New Granada from the Captaincy General of Venezuela , the Captaincy General of Guatemala , and the Portuguese possessions in Brazil . In the west, the limits would be those marked provisionally by the treaty with the government of Ecuador on July 9, 1856, and all treaties with that republic. The Granadine Confederation covered a vast region, sharply divided by its geography. The country

7020-414: The time. In January 2012, the new president of the party, Efraín Cepeda, announced a modification of party rules in order to suspend the membership of those politicians who were under investigation. Former attorney general Alejandro Ordóñez has become one of the most visible heads of the Conservative Party, and some groups inside the party supported a possible presidential campaign for him in 2014. Ordóñez

7110-414: The time. In January 2012, the new president of the party, Efraín Cepeda, announced a modification of party rules in order to suspend the membership of those politicians who were under investigation. Former attorney general Alejandro Ordóñez has become one of the most visible heads of the Conservative Party, and some groups inside the party supported a possible presidential campaign for him in 2014. Ordóñez

7200-539: The union, congress allowed the creation of other sovereign states : The Law of June 15, 1857 created the other states that would later form parts of the Confederation Granadine: The nation was formed by the union of these Sovereign States which were confederated in perpetuity to form a Sovereign Nation , free and independent with the name “Confederation Granadine". During 1858 the new constituency, with its majority of conservatives, convened and signed

7290-450: The wishes of the states which wanted more power and autonomy. This caused some leaders to consider the administrative base of the federation as a notion to underestimate the authority of the states, and led the national government to view the independent aspirations of the states as a threat to the overall nation. The political tension came to its pinnacle in 1859 when Congress passed two controversial laws. On April 8, 1859, Congress passed

7380-584: Was divided by the three cordilleras of the Andes mountains, the Magdalena River which was the main artery of navigation in the country, and the Isthmus of Panama which was isolated in its own region. The jungles in the south only added to the confusion. The unclear borders were never definitively marked, and the terrain secluded its residents, mostly natives, from the rest of the country. Four isolated regions divided

7470-405: Was established, and the rail transport system that now crossed the country continued to improve. However, the emerging working class felt irritated with the consecutive conservative governments and began supporting the Liberal Party, winning the presidency with Enrique Olaya Herrera in 1930. In 1946, after sixteen years of liberal governments, the conservative candidate Mariano Ospina Pérez won

7560-428: Was formally established in 1849 by Mariano Ospina Rodríguez and José Eusebio Caro . The Conservative Party along with the Colombian Liberal Party dominated the Colombian political scene from the end of the 19th century until 2002, in bipartisan political hegemony. The two parties were in direct military conflict between 1948 and 1958, during the civil war period known as La Violencia , after which they established

7650-557: Was given to the provinces, as each state could have its own legislature and elect its own president . The vice presidency was abolished and replaced with a dignitary named by the Congress . The president and senators could be elected to serve a period of four years and the Representatives of the House for two. The Constitution also listed the powers and obligations of the states and of

7740-431: Was no national army , a society with basic rights and freedoms, based on education and open market values, with no intervention by the church. 4°39′N 74°03′W  /  4.650°N 74.050°W  / 4.650; -74.050 Colombian Conservative Party The Colombian Conservative Party ( Spanish : Partido Conservador Colombiano ) is a conservative political party in Colombia . The party

7830-552: Was on the 2018 presidential election, in which former President Uribe 's appointed candidate Iván Duque Márquez advocated reversing the peace process. In 2017, for the former Conservative president Andrés Pastrana , one of the Conservative Party's few remaining major figures, claimed that the party is "absolutely corrupt". He also called two of the most important Conservative leaders "corrupt": Senate speaker Efraín Cepeda, and senator Hernán Andrade. Commentators believe his complaints are aimed at running independently in coalition with

7920-552: Was on the 2018 presidential election, in which former President Uribe 's appointed candidate Iván Duque Márquez advocated reversing the peace process. In 2017, for the former Conservative president Andrés Pastrana , one of the Conservative Party's few remaining major figures, claimed that the party is "absolutely corrupt". He also called two of the most important Conservative leaders "corrupt": Senate speaker Efraín Cepeda, and senator Hernán Andrade. Commentators believe his complaints are aimed at running independently in coalition with

8010-406: Was re-elected in 1884 with the support of the Conservative Party, and began the process known as the Regeneration ( Spanish : La Regeneración ), in which a new constitution was written. The modern Republic of Colombia was founded with a centralized and protectionist government, and an education system managed by the Catholic Church. Universal suffrage, "contradictory with the hierarchical nature of

8100-452: Was the Liberal candidate for the presidency in 1880 and won the election, despite many leaders of his own party opposing him. Núñez was re-elected in 1884 with the support of the Conservative Party, and began the process known as the Regeneration ( Spanish : La Regeneración ), in which a new constitution was written. The modern Republic of Colombia was founded with a centralized and protectionist government, and an education system managed by

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