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24-429: Greatham may refer to: Greatham, County Durham Greatham, Hampshire Greatham, West Sussex See also [ edit ] Greetham (disambiguation) [REDACTED] Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation page lists articles about distinct geographical locations with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change

48-485: A central nave flanked by lower aisles on each side. The nave and aisles are separated by columns or piers, above which rises a wall pierced by clerestory windows. During the Romanesque period, many churches of the basilica form were constructed all over Europe. Many of these churches have wooden roofs with clerestories below them. Some Romanesque churches have barrel-vaulted ceilings with no clerestory. The development of

72-464: A large multi-purpose school hall with gym equipment, a kitchen and a dedicated nursery area. The school grounds include a nature garden, which is looked after by the pupils, a formal garden and a large playing field. The Church, dedicated to St. John the Baptist, was erected over the foundations of an early Saxon building, by Bishop Stichell of Durham, in 1270. It was rebuilt in 1792, a clerestory added by

96-571: A space, without compromising privacy. Factory buildings often are built with clerestory windows; modern housing designs sometimes include them as well. Modern clerestory windows may have another especially important role, besides daylighting and ventilation : they can be part of passive solar strategies, in very energy-efficient buildings ( passive houses and zero-energy buildings ). To that end, clerestories are used in conjunction with stone, brick, concrete, and other high-mass walls and floors, properly positioned to store solar heat gains during

120-531: Is not mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086, but appears first in written sources as Gretham in 1196. Greatham is the site of the Hospital of God , founded in 1273 by the then Bishop of Durham , Robert de Stichell . Greatham Hospital was originally a foundation to aid poor people. By the 16th century the foundation was used more as a "house of entertainment for gentlemen" and it was not well used for helping

144-409: Is to admit light, fresh air, or both. Historically, a clerestory formed an upper level of a Roman basilica or of the nave of a Romanesque or Gothic church , the walls of which rise above the rooflines of the lower aisles and which are pierced with windows. Clerestories have been used in transportation vehicles to provide additional lighting, ventilation, or headroom. The technology of

168-529: The Marina . This service was axed in 2011 due to the withdrawal of financial support from Hartlepool Borough Council . A petition was signed by residents to encourage this decision to be re-evaluated but has not had the service reinstated. There was once an operating railway station at the bottom of the village, but this is now disused and derelict. However the Middlesbrough to Carlisle trains still pass through

192-514: The groin vault and ribbed vault made possible the insertion of clerestory windows. Initially the nave of a large aisled and clerestoried church was of two levels: arcade and clerestory. During the Romanesque period, a third level was inserted between them, a gallery called the " triforium ". The triforium generally opens into space beneath the sloping roof of the aisle. This became a standard feature of later Romanesque and Gothic large abbey and cathedral churches. Sometimes another gallery set into

216-467: The 18th and 19th centuries. In the middle of the 20th century, Cerebos salt works had a factory there, which was later taken over by Sharwood's . The factory has now closed and has been demolished. The site now consists of large areas of hardstanding and rubble. Greatham railway station was positioned near the old Cerebos factory, away from the majority of the village. It survived the Beeching cuts but

240-453: The Rev. H. B. Tristram in 1869, and a new vestry and organ, at a cost of £650, by the present vicar in 1881. It consists of nave, aisles, chancel, and a square western tower of modest dimensions. The exterior of the church is neat and attractive; the recent additions, especially the clerestory, which is lighted by elegant quatrefoils, have been well carried out, and add much to the general appearance of

264-801: The US and assembled at Derby, where Pullman set up an assembly plant in conjunction with the Midland Railway , a predecessor of the London Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS). The first coach, a sleeping car named "Midland", was assembled and ready for trial-running in January 1874. The last clerestory-roofed trains on the London Underground were the 'Q' stock , which were withdrawn from operation in 1971. Clerestories were also used in early British double-decker buses , giving better ventilation and headroom in

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288-736: The clerestory appears to originate in Egyptian temples , where the lighting of the hall of columns was obtained over the stone roofs of the adjoining aisles, through gaps left in the vertical slabs of stone. Clerestories appeared in Egypt at least as early as the Amarna Period . Minoan palaces in Crete such as Knossos employed lightwells in addition to clerestories. According to the Hebrew Bible , Solomon's Temple featured clerestory windows made possible by

312-452: The designs of many railway passenger cars and trams Commonwealth English ) / streetcars ( American English & Canadian English ) from about 1860 to the 1930s. They increased the daylight and ventilation available to passengers. In the US, the railroad clerestory roof was also known as the "lantern roof". The first Pullman coaches in the UK had clerestory roofs. They were imported from

336-463: The hotter parts of the day – allowing the walls and the floor to act as a heat bank during the cooler parts of the day. Clerestories – in passive solar strategies – should be properly located (typically in the sunny side of the building) and protected from the summer's sun by rooflines, overhangs , recessed thick walls, or other architectural elements, in order to prevent overheating during the cooling season. Clerestory roofs were incorporated into

360-400: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Greatham&oldid=543964580 " Category : Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Greatham, County Durham Greatham village

384-567: The poor. After 1610 there were reforms, and its original mission was resumed. During World War II it was the site of the short-lived RAF Greatham base. In May 2021, the parish council of Greatham, alongside the parish councils of the villages of Elwick , Hart , and Dalton Piercy , all issued individual votes of no confidence in Hartlepool Borough Council , and expressed their desire to re-join County Durham . At present

408-467: The size of the windows to get proportionally larger in relation to wall surface, emerging in works such as the Gothic architecture of Amiens Cathedral or Westminster Abbey , where their clerestories account for nearly a third of the height of the interior. Modern clerestories often are defined as vertical windows, located on high walls, extending up from the roofline, designed to allow light and breezes into

432-480: The structure. [From History, Topography and Directory of Durham, Whellan, London, 1894] A bus service is operated by Stagecoach . The number 36 bus route comes every 15 minutes, heading towards Middlesbrough via Stockton, Billingham and Norton and to Hartlepool via the Fens. There was also the 527 Service, operated by Arriva , which came every 60 minutes, and headed into Hartlepool, terminating at Maritime Avenue on

456-548: The use of a tall, angled roof and a central ridgepole . The clerestory was used in the Hellenistic architecture of classical antiquity . The Romans applied clerestories to basilicas of justice and to the basilica-like thermae and palaces. Early Christian churches and some Byzantine churches, particularly in Italy, are based closely on the Roman basilica, and maintained the form of

480-448: The village has around a thousand occupants, separated into varying areas, Saltaire Terrace, Hillview, The Grove, The Drive, The Green, Front Street and Ashfield Close, with some village residents living in the houses located at the extremes of the village parish. A new estate is currently being built near Hill View, next door to the school and will be known as Station Manor. There is a long history of salt works nearby, but this declined in

504-415: The village. [REDACTED] Media related to Greatham, County Durham at Wikimedia Commons Clerestory In architecture , a clerestory ( / ˈ k l ɪər s t ɔːr i / KLEER -stor-ee ; lit.   ' clear storey ' , also clearstory , clearstorey , or overstorey ; from Old French cler estor ) is a high section of wall that contains windows above eye-level. Its purpose

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528-736: The wall space above the triforium and below the clerestory. This feature is found in some late Romanesque and early Gothic buildings in France. The oldest glass clerestory windows still in place are from the late eleventh century, found in Augsburg Cathedral in Bavaria , Germany. In smaller churches, clerestory windows may be trefoils or quatrefoils . In some Italian churches they are ocular . In most large churches, they are an important feature, both for beauty and for utility. The ribbed vaulting and flying buttresses of Gothic architecture concentrated

552-419: The weight and thrust of the roof, freeing wall-space for larger clerestory fenestration . Generally, in Gothic masterpieces, the clerestory is divided into bays by the vaulting shafts that continue the same tall columns that form the arcade separating the aisles from the nave. The tendency from the early Romanesque period to the late Gothic period was for the clerestory level to become progressively taller and

576-467: Was later downgraded to a halt before eventually closing on 24 November 1991 due to lack of use. The station was part of the Durham Coast Line . Greatham is a separate village from Hartlepool, with two pubs and a village green. Other amenities include: Greatham also has a small Church of England primary school. The school is open to children of all faiths. It is well equipped, with four classrooms,

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