Greater Kuala Lumpur is the geographical term that determines the boundaries of metropolitan Kuala Lumpur in Malaysia . Though similar to the term " Klang Valley ", there remains a variation between the two. Ranked as the 30th-largest in Asia , it covers a total land size of 13,565.61 km .
108-435: Kuala Lumpur has been declared the capital city of Federated Malay States in 1896, and when the group of states changes and expands to Federation of Malaya and later Malaysia, the town status has been kept as such. However, Kuala Lumpur itself is part of the larger Kuala Lumpur district of Selangor, which area also includes Ampang , Batu Caves , Gombak , Ulu Klang , Petaling Jaya , Puchong and Sungai Buloh . Until 1974,
216-571: A 16.8% share with 105,151 units sold. Proton's decline in market share stabilised in 2013. In the first half of that year, Proton sold 64,782 cars, representing 20.7% of the market share, a decline of 1.8% over its full-year 2012 share. However, by the end of 2013, Proton had managed to raise its market share to 21.2% with a total of 138,753 units sold. Nonetheless, Proton's market share has still declined by an overall 1.3% between 2012 and 2013. In July 2013, Proton sold around 16,600 cars, which accounted for 25% in market share during that specific month,
324-423: A 2.0L naturally aspirated engine , while achieving better fuel efficiency and reduced greenhouse emissions . In January 2012, Proton was acquired by DRB-HICOM , a Malaysian conglomerate in a transaction between Khazanah Nasional and DRB-HICOM which totalled RM 1.2 billion. The Proton Prevé , the company's latest saloon car was unveiled on 16 April 2012. It became the first Proton car, and to an extent,
432-464: A bypass road from Sungai Rasau was built to help diverting traffic to the main port area from Federal Highway named North Klang Straits Bypass , the first privately operated toll road in the Klang Valley area. The 1990s saw a major expansion of the metropolitan area of Kuala Lumpur with various megaproject taking shapes around the area. This is also the decade which shapes the current township areas of
540-451: A collaboration which was later abandoned after the death of Proton's then CEO, Tan Sri Yahaya Ahmad in 1997. On 30 October 1996, Proton acquired an 80% stake in the British company, Lotus Group International Limited , valued at £51 million. The controlling interest was purchased from A.C.B.N. Holdings S.A. of Luxembourg, a company controlled by Italian businessman Romano Artioli , then also
648-629: A global, modern automotive brand. Starting with the Proton X70 , and excluding the 2019 Exora , the rear badge was replaced by lettering spelling out 'Proton'. The first Proton, the Saga saloon launched in July 1985 amid positive reception, but poor sales due to Proton's inability to meet the high demand. However, Proton later captured a 47% Malaysian market share in the following year, with 24,148 cars sold. The company's market share later grew to 65% in 1987; 85% in
756-575: A gradual reduction of import duties in stages to zero by 2016. Proton however responded positively to the announcement, citing their recent positive developments such as the 5-star ANCAP safety recognition of the Proton Prevé as part of its commitment to progress. Proton relies primarily on its domestic market for the majority of its sales and revenues. Nonetheless, small volumes of Proton cars are also exported to various other countries in Asia, in addition to
864-554: A hatchback model, was launched in late 2004. It was the first Proton vehicle equipped with the new CamPro engine . The RM1.8 billion (US$ 580 million) Proton Tanjung Malim manufacturing plant in the Malaysian state of Perak commenced operation in November 2003. The new plant had been projected to open in August 1998, but it was deferred due to the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis . However, it
972-538: A new CEO and Deputy CEO in April. The government had also granted Proton a RM 1.5 billion soft loan in mid 2016. The loan came with a number of conditions, including a mandatory tie-up with a foreign automobile company in the near future. Several companies have expressed interest, including Suzuki , Škoda , Groupe PSA , Renault and Geely . This culminated with the entry of China's Zhejiang Geely Holding Group in June 2017, after
1080-643: A new board of directors put in place in Proton Holdings, Proton Edar (the local distribution arm) and Perusahaan Otomobil Nasional Sdn Bhd (PONSB). Three nominees from Geely Holding joined the boards; Daniel Donghui Li, the Executive VP and CFO of Geely Holding; Dr Nathan Yuning, the Executive VP of International Business of Geely Holding, and Feng Qing Feng, the Group VP and CTO at HK-listed Geely Auto. DRB-HICOM are represented by Dato' Sri Syed Faisal Albar, who chairs
1188-492: A new state capital is declared in Sungai Renggam, later renamed as Shah Alam. Sungai Renggam has been marked for development as the new state administration center back in 1963. The construction of the new main campus of Universiti Teknologi MARA also accompany the new capital development. In Hulu Langat, a new township of Bandar Baru Bangi was being built on the site of Westcountry Estate between Kajang and Bangi to accompany
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#17330856584561296-623: A replica of the federation's flag. The coat of arms of the Federated Malay States featured a shield guarded by two tigers. On the top of the shield is the crown (known as Eastern Crown in English heraldry), symbolising the federation of monarchies under the protection of the United Kingdom. A banner with the phrase "Dipelihara Allah" (Under God's Protection) written in Jawi is located underneath
1404-604: A stable rate in the latter half of the 2000s and in the early 2010s. The company briefly regained the top-spot from Perodua in June 2009, after the introduction of the Proton Exora MPV . Proton also matched Perodua's market share in the first quarter of 2011. Factors which contributed to the rise of Proton were well-designed cars which catered to the needs of the domestic market (i.e., the Proton Persona , second generation Saga and Exora ) in addition to better management of
1512-506: A year and a half after the launch of the company's first car, the Saga . It was only sold in right-hand drive markets like New Zealand, the United Kingdom and Singapore because left-hand drive variants were not produced. Proton attempted to enter the American market in November 1988, but failed to meet strict US automotive regulations. However, the Proton Wira, which launched in 1993 became
1620-559: Is a Malay backronym for P e r usahaan Oto mobil N asional (National Automobile Enterprise). The concept of a national car was conceived in 1979 by then- Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia , Dato' Seri Dr. Mahathir bin Mohamad, now Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad , with the goal of enhancing the Malaysian automotive industry. The National Car Project was approved by the Cabinet in 1982, leading to
1728-614: Is conterminous with the National Growth Conurbation, which spans the Klang Valley , the Malaysia Vision Valley region in western Negeri Sembilan to the south, and the topographically mountainous western frontier of Pahang to the east. The conurbation also reaches its northern limit at the town of Tanjung Malim in southern Perak . It is defined as an area covered by 14 municipalities surrounding Kuala Lumpur as
1836-721: Is for exclusive sale to Malaysian civil servants and government officials. The Proton Iriz was unveiled on 25 September 2014 as the company's first B-segment 5-door hatchback. The new Iriz competes directly against the Perodua Myvi in its domestic market. On 18 January 2016, Proton unveiled their all-new four-cylinder GDI/TGDI and three-cylinder VVT engines. The new engines, of which there are six in total, are being developed in collaboration with Ricardo and Lotus Engineering , and are slated to enter production by late 2017. Proton unveiled their new logo in February 2016, and appointed
1944-543: Is in Prang Besar Estate, where later the location is named Putrajaya . Both started operational between 1998 and 1999. Due to the approximate of these megaprojects between each other and the city center of Kuala Lumpur, a special economic corridor, Multimedia Super Corridor (MSC) is established. The corridor aims to be a high-technology economic development area in Klang Valley, and includes Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya, Puchong, Serdang and Nilai of Negeri Sembilan as well as
2052-753: The 5th Battle Squadron and fought as such at Jutland in 1916. HMS Malaya was also refurbished and was in service throughout World War II. After the Japanese landed in Malaya on 8 December 1941, the Japanese forces began their invasion of the Malay Peninsula . Japanese forces began their invasion of the FMS by crossing the Thailand–FMS border at Kroh . Ipoh , the state capital of Perak, fell on 26 December 1941. Kuala Lumpur ,
2160-483: The Association of South East Asian Nations , such as Thailand and Indonesia, are subject to the least import duties, whereas those from Europe suffer the worst. However, imported hybrid vehicles and cars purchased in duty-free Langkawi are exempted from the import and excise duties. The NAP ensures the survival of Proton and other Malaysian-made vehicles under a biased playing field in the Malaysian market. Nonetheless,
2268-635: The Malaysian flag and coat of arms . However, this emblem was only used for Proton cars which were sold domestically. Proton cars exported to other markets received different badge designs. In 2000, the new Proton logo was used on the Proton Waja which launched in that year. It featured a stylised yellow tiger head on a green roundel embossed upon a dark blue shield, with the Proton name in yellow capital letters in Frutiger font. The standard text representation of
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#17330856584562376-566: The Perodua Myvi in overall vehicle sales. Proton further widened its model base when it introduced the Exora , Malaysia's first indigenous 7-seater MPV in April 2009. The Exora was based on Proton's next generation P2 platform and helped satisfy the growing demand for a budget 7-seater in the domestic market, which had been monopolised by the Nissan Grand Livina and the smaller Toyota Avanza . For several years, it consistently positioned in
2484-429: The Proton Waja , Gen-2 and Savvy ) which were poorly designed and manufactured compared to the former Mitsubishi -based models and stronger competitors, specifically Perodua with their best-selling Myvi which launched in 2005. Proton's total sales volume and its market share failed to recover to its pre-2002 figures and Perodua remained the domestic market leader from 2006 onwards. Sales of Proton cars grew at
2592-680: The Straits Settlements , concluded with the Sultan of Perak the treaty of Pangkor whereby the Sultan agreed to "receive and provide a suitable residence for a British Officer to be called Resident, who shall be accredited to his court, and whose advice must be asked and acted upon on all questions other than those touching Malay Religion and Customs". The residency system was extended the same year to Selangor and Negri Sembilan, and in 1888 to Pahang. To promote greater administrative efficiency, these four states were brought together in 1895/1896 to form
2700-451: The Straits Settlements , was overrun and occupied by the Japanese during World War II . After the liberation of Malaya following the Japanese surrender , the federation was not restored, but the federal form of government was retained as the principal model for consolidating the separate states as an independent Federation of Malaya and the federation's later evolution into Malaysia . On 20 January 1874, Sir Andrew Clarke , governor of
2808-501: The Suprima S , the hatchback complement to the Prevé saloon. It became the second 5-star ANCAP rated Proton and the first to offer extensive standard safety features in its domestic market. On 11 December 2013, the second generation Proton Perdana was finally unveiled after a three-year gap in the nameplate's production. The new Perdana is a badge engineered eighth generation Honda Accord and
2916-500: The Under 1,600cc segment . Proton maintained a majority market share in the following years, which peaked in 1993 at 74% with over 94,100 units sold. Car sales in Malaysia plunged from 404,000 units in 1997 to 163,851 in 1998 due to the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis . Proton's revenue and profits were severely affected, but a majority market share was still maintained into the early 2000s. In
3024-511: The United Kingdom car market with the Saga saloon and hatchback duo, where the Malaysian company set the record for the "Fastest Selling Make of New Car Ever to Enter the United Kingdom." Proton's sales declined during the late 1980s as a result of the worldwide economic recession , and the lack of technical expertise in Proton's management. Kenji Iwabuchi, a former Mitsubishi Motors executive,
3132-425: The equity investment of Proton on May 7, 1983, with Mitsubishi Corporation for the future of the company. At its creation, it was wholly owned by the government of Malaysia through Khazanah Nasional . It was headed by its founder, Dr. Mahathir. Proton approached Mitsubishi Motors between 1983 and 1984 and brokered a joint venture between both companies for the production of the first Malaysian car. The result of
3240-542: The 2010 Geneva Motor Show . They were designed by Italdesign Giugiaro and related to the Lotus Ethos , a similar concept car from Proton's British subsidiary. The turbocharged inline-four petrol engine from Proton was revealed at the 2010 Kuala Lumpur International Motor Show. Officially known as the 1.6L CamPro CFE , it is capable of producing power and torque figures of 138 bhp (103 kW) at 5,000 rpm and 205 N·m at 2,000–4,000 rpm respectively, comparable to
3348-666: The British government introduced a new currency, the Malayan dollar ( ringgit in Malay) for used in Malaya and Brunei replacing the Straits dollar at par value. It had denominations ranging from 1 cent to 1,000 Malayan dollars. The Federated Malay States main economic activities were agriculture and mining with emphasis on rubber and tin . The FMS and Malaya as a whole was the main supplier of these two commodities for British industrial needs. Rubber plantations were established in all four states and tin
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3456-463: The Chinese carmaker acquired 49.9% equity in Proton from DRB-HICOM. Proton introduced four new models in 2016. The new Perdana launched on 14 June, followed by the new Persona on 23 August, the new Saga on 28 September, and the new Ertiga on 24 November. The launch of four new Proton models within the span of six months was unprecedented in the company's history. Masazumi Ogawa was recruited as
3564-520: The East Coast states direct access to the capital city, where the expressway terminus starts from the town. In the 1980s, new township development from the past decades started to take their shape. With the nation moves into large scale industrialization, more township around the capital starts to emerge, grow and expands. The North–South Expressway , an interstate expressway project was kicked off by phases to connect Kuala Lumpur better to other states on
3672-586: The Federated Malay States agreed to finance the commissioning of HMS Malaya ; this was a motion proposed in the Federal Council by the Sultan of Perak in 1913 and supported by the Sultan of Selangor. The battleship which cost $ 25,000,000 (approximately £2,945,709) was one of five of the Queen Elizabeth -class battleship , displacing 31,000 tons, mounting fifteen-inch guns and capable of 25 knots (46 km/h). The most modern ships of their day, they formed
3780-712: The Federated Malay States. This structure was highly centralized, with real power resting in the hands of the agents of the British Government, at first called the Resident-General, and later the Chief Secretary. The British established the Federal Council in 1898 to administer the federation. It was headed by the High Commissioner (The Governor of the Straits Settlement), assisted by the Resident-General,
3888-472: The Malaysian government in the interests of Proton, Perodua, Naza and foreign brands with manufacturing plants in Malaysia. Under the NAP, imported vehicles are subjected to varying degrees of import and excise duties depending on the vehicle's origin of manufacture and engine displacement, with excise duty imposed at 60 to 105 percent being the highest component in the duty structure. Vehicles imported from members of
3996-493: The Proton Saga, the newer 4G92 1.6L, 4G93 SOHC and DOHC 1.8L and the 4D68 2.0L diesel . The Wira was the first Proton car to be produced in right-hand drive (RHD) and left-hand drive (LHD) configurations, and remains the only Proton car to have been available with a diesel engine. Proton launched the three-door Proton Satria hatchback in 1994 and the two-door Proton Putra coupé in 1996, both of which are based on
4104-416: The Proton name was also changed from the lowercase italic text " proton " to the uppercase "PROTON". All Proton cars manufactured after 2000 carried the new badge, both in the domestic and export markets. Then its colour was changed into two-tone, silver and black, which was in use since 2008 with the introduction of the second generation Proton Saga . In June 2016, a new Proton logo was introduced during
4212-515: The Top 10 best-selling vehicles in Malaysia. On August 6, 2008, the Proton Saga and Proton Persona were seen doing road tests at the Greater Noida Expressway, hinting at the potential to export Proton automobiles to India. However, negotiations for Proton to establish an Indian branch did not materialize. In December 2008, Proton resumed product collaboration with Mitsubishi Motors. Under
4320-562: The United Kingdom and Australia. The company held a far larger global sales network in the 1990s, spanning all six continents and over 70 countries, but intends to regain a global foothold with 500,000 annual sales by 2018. On 24 January 2020, Proton announced that their goal is to export 4,000 vehicles by the end of the year or export 6,000 vehicles if they were offered government incentives. 2000–12 / 2015 and 2018–present 2002–2018 Proton first ventured into export markets in December 1986,
4428-580: The West Coast of the peninsular. While most of it runs parallel to the existing Federal Route 1 , the first section in the area, Kuala Lumpur–Seremban Expressway section includes the new townships of Seri Kembangan and Bandar Baru Bangi instead as route to Seremban and provides more straightforward access between the federal capital and the Negeri Sembilan state capital, providing development potentials on involved areas. The section opens in 1982. Other than
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4536-513: The Wira platform and powered by the same range of Mitsubishi engines offered in the Wira, except for the 2.0L diesel. The Proton Wira, Proton Satria and Proton Putra were exported and marketed across the European Union and Middle East during the 1990s. The Proton Perdana , a premium D-segment saloon, was launched in 1995. It is based on the seventh generation Mitsubishi Eterna , introduced in 1992, and
4644-677: The administration and economic activities. In the later period, many resources were put into the development of Kuala Lumpur , as the capital of the federation. This period also saw rapid growth in terms of communications infrastructure such as interstate roads, the expansion of the Federated Malay States Railways ' narrow gauge railway line between the Padang Besar and Singapore, and Port Swettenham (present-day Port Klang ). Public schools and academic institutions were also opened along with an improvement in public health. An area in
4752-573: The administrative work. For the purpose of efficient administration, all the states of the federation were further divided into districts (Malay: Daerah ). Each district was administered by a District Office (Malay: Pejabat Daerah ) headed by a District Officer (Malay: Pegawai Daerah ). State capital : Ipoh, Perak Districts: State capital : Kuala Lumpur (also served as the federal capital cum administrative centre) Districts: State capital : Seremban Districts: State capital : Kuala Lipis Districts: The first Supreme Court
4860-514: The advent of Perodua in 1993. The company is headquartered in Shah Alam, Selangor , and operates additional facilities in Proton City, Perak . Proton began manufacturing rebadged versions of Mitsubishi Motors (MMC) products in the 1980s and 1990s. Proton produced its first indigenously designed, non-badge-engineered car in 2000 with a Mitsubishi engine. It elevated Malaysia as the 11th country in
4968-535: The agreement, Proton gained the rights to rebadge the 2007 Mitsubishi Lancer to be sold exclusively in the Malaysian market. The result of the collaboration was the Proton Inspira , which launched on 10 November 2010. It also marked a return to closer ties between Proton and Mitsubishi, the Japanese company which was instrumental in Proton's foundation in the 1980s. Proton showcased the EMAS concept hybrid city cars at
5076-407: The boards, and Amalanathan Thomas and Shaharul Farez Hassan. Both are part of the senior management team at DRB-HICOM. On the same day, Dr Li Chunrong joins PONSB as CEO. Dr Li is the third foreigner to head Proton. Between 1993 and 1997, the early years of Proton, two different Japanese nominees of their partners, Mitsubishi Motors Corporation, led the carmaker. On April 29, 2024, Proton announced
5184-502: The capital of the Federated Malay States and the State of Selangor, was captured on 11 January 1942. Seremban , the state capital of Negeri Sembilan, was captured two days later. Kuantan , in the eastern component state of Pahang, fell on 30 December 1941, meanwhile the capital, Kuala Lipis was taken by the Japanese on 7 January 1942. With the conclusion of the Battle of Gemas on 15 January 1942,
5292-529: The central economic area. Each of the municipal areas are governed by separate local authorities. Greater KL is a relatively new term as compared to the more prevalent and established Klang Valley term, and is often mistaken for Klang Valley despite both having two different definitions. The lack of introduction and promotion of the term in the national language ( Bahasa Melayu ) also made it fall out of favor from general public usage. Some equivalent translation has been proposed such as Kuala Lumpur Raya, but it
5400-458: The city border also already served as feeder towns of the capital. Major development started to spur around Klang River corridor since the 60s as after Singapore exit from the federation, Port Swettenham in Klang now has been targeted as the nation's main port. Big infrastructure projects such as the new Federal Highway has been planned to ensure straightforward flow of products between the capital and
5508-471: The city remains as part of Selangor. Developments has been ongoing out of the city border long before it as Petaling Jaya was made a new township just beside Kuala Lumpur, converted from Effingham rubber estate on 1952 to accommodate the growing population of the capital and road infrastructures like newly opened Jalan Klang Lama spurs the growth of towns around the original Klang Valley corridor areas. Batu Caves and Kajang, both situated just north and south of
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#17330856584565616-617: The city was also gazetted as a settlement for the Malay called Kampung Baru . Public buildings were also constructed such as the Kuala Lumpur railway station , the Government Offices of the FMS and Masjid Jamek . The table and section below illustrated the economic growth of the federation and its member states. The revenue of Selangor in 1875 amounted to $ 115,656; in 1905 it had increased to $ 8,857,793. Of this latter sum $ 3,195,318
5724-552: The collaboration was the Proton Saga , which launched on July 9, 1985. The Proton Saga was based on the second-generation 1983 Mitsubishi Lancer Fiore 4-door saloon , powered by a 1.3-liter Mitsubishi Orion 4G13 engine. The first Proton Saga to roll off the production line in Shah Alam is preserved in the National Museum ( Malay : Muzium Negara ) as a symbol of the beginning of the Malaysian automotive industry . Sales of
5832-471: The company under the then managing director, Syed Zainal Abidin. However, despite the improvements made between 2007 and 2012 in addition to improved overall sales, Proton's Malaysian market share continued to decrease. In 2011, the company had a 26.4% (158,657 units) share which plummeted further to 22.5% (141,121 units) in 2012. In comparison, Perodua retained a majority market share of 30.1% (189,137 units) in 2012, with Toyota maintaining its third place at
5940-620: The company's first car to be produced in both left and right-hand drive configurations, paving the way for Proton's entry into Continental Europe in October 1994 and other markets in the Middle East and Latin America. The company's global sales network peaked between 1994 and the early 2000s, but has since dwindled to around 25 countries as of the 2010s. Proton has commissioned CKD plants in Iran, Indonesia,
6048-537: The company's highest ever in 2013. Perodua on the other hand sold around 19,200 or 2,600 more cars than Proton in July 2013. The rise in Proton's sales were attributed to the launch of the Proton Saga SV , a cheaper variant of the second best-selling car in Malaysia. Another factor which continues to play a significant role in the sales of Proton cars is the National Automotive Policy (NAP), enforced by
6156-643: The current state motto for Selangor. In addition to a state flag, the Federated Malay States also had a naval jack or ensign for use on government ships. The ensign, with the four colours of the FMS, was flown by HMS Malaya , commanded by Captain Boyle under the 5th Battle Squadron of the British Grand Fleet ) during the Battle of Jutland in the North Sea. This was the only full-scale clash of battleships during World War I. From 1896 to 1936, real power lay in
6264-461: The development of the new main campus of National University of Malaysia (UKM) by Selangor State Development Corporation (PKNS). Similar situation happened in Serdang where University of Putra Malaysia (formerly known as Universiti Pertanian Malaysia) build their main campus there, spurring new townships around Serdang and Seri Kembangan. In Gombak, Kuala Lumpur–Karak Expressway are built to provide
6372-460: The director of quality control in Proton. On 24 May 2017, parent company DRB-HICOM announced plans to sell a 49.9% stake in Proton to Zhejiang Geely Automobile Holdings . Eventually, DRB-HICOM also sold 51% controlling-stake in Lotus to Geely, and the remaining 49% stake to Etika Automotive. The definitive agreement was in July 2017. Proton had owned Lotus since 1996, and largely struggled to turn
6480-401: The disturbances which lasted from December 1891 until 1895, with short intervals of peace, but the revenue was steadily increasing, and the ultimate financial success of the state is considered to be secure. Pahang owed something over $ 3,966,500 to Selangor and $ 1,175,000 to Perak, which had financed it for some years out of surplus revenue. The value of the imports in 1905 was $ 1,344,346, that of
6588-433: The entire FMS was now in Japanese hands. All of Malaya including Singapore remained under Japanese occupation until the surrender of Japan on 2 September 1945. The federation was formally dissolved on 1 April 1946, and was incorporated into the Malayan Union thereafter. This in turn was succeeded by the Federation of Malaya in 1948, which gained independence in 1957, and later became Malaysia in 1963. While
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#17330856584566696-424: The exports was $ 3,838,928, thus making a total trade value of $ 5,183,274. The most valuable export is tin, the value of which in 1905 amounted to $ 2,820,745. The value of the gutta exported exceeded $ 140,000, that of dried and salted fish amounted to nearly $ 70,000, and that of timber to $ 325,000. With the threat of Germany, the British Navy was in a drive for expansion. As a contribution, the government and people of
6804-462: The first durbar was convened in the royal town of Kuala Kangsar , Perak as the platform for discussions for the four rulers. This formed the basis for the Conference of Rulers that was created later on under Article 38 of the Malaysian Constitution on 27 August 1957. The flag of the Federated Malay States consisted of four different-coloured stripes, from top to bottom: white, red, yellow and black. Different combinations of these colours represent
6912-529: The first Malaysian car to be awarded the full 5-star safety rating in the Australasian New Car Assessment Program (ANCAP) of Australia and New Zealand. In December 2012, Proton acquired all of Petronas ' E01 engine technologies in addition to associated technology patents at a cost of RM 63 million. The deal encompassed a family of naturally aspirated and turbocharged 1.8, 2.0 and 2.2-litre engines to complement Proton's own CamPro 1.3L N/A, 1.6L N/A and 1.6L turbo engines. On 17 August 2013, Proton launched
7020-455: The former Kuala Lumpur district but also neighbouring districts of Klang, Hulu Selangor and Hulu Langat where from parts of those districts, two new districts has been created namely Gombak and Petaling. Sepang, while not originally part of any of Kuala Lumpur areas, was also made a full district due to the revisions, carved out from Hulu Langat and Kuala Langat district. Klang was made a temporary state capital of Selangor from 1974 to 1977, where
7128-524: The fortunes of the sports car maker around. Nonetheless, in late 2016, Lotus announced their first operating profit in over 40 years. Their presence in Proton is said to not affect Japanese auto manufacturers due to being in the market for a very long time. Still, many of Proton's cars benefitted from the Lotus relationship, with the Satria GTi specifically mentioned by car reviewers as possessing good handling traits. Subsequent Proton some models received "Lotus Tuned" input. Proton recruited Yoshiya Inamori as
7236-482: The four states issued their own postage stamps as before, there were additional issues for the Federated States as a whole. 3°09′35″N 101°42′00″E / 3.1597°N 101.7000°E / 3.1597; 101.7000 Proton Holdings Proton Holdings Berhad , commonly known as Proton (stylised PROTON ), is a Malaysian multinational automotive company . Proton was established on May 7, 1983, as Malaysia's sole national budget car company until
7344-404: The four states that formed the FMS — red, black and yellow are for Negeri Sembilan; black and white for Pahang; black, white and yellow for Perak; and red and yellow for Selangor. The same design concept is used in Malaysia's national emblem . In the middle is an oblong circle with a Malayan tiger in it. The National History Museum located near the Dataran Merdeka in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia has
7452-406: The hands of the Resident-General, later known as Chief Secretary of the Federation. After 1936 the Federal Secretaries were no more than co-ordinating officers, under the authority of the High Commissioners, which are always the Governors of the Straits Settlements In the Federated Malay States, the individual state were still ruled by rulers (a yamtuan in Negeri Sembilan and sultans elsewhere) but
7560-451: The import duties of the NAP have been progressively revised and reduced in line with the eventual liberation of the market, but excise duties, the larger component of tariffs, continues to be high and opaquely applied, with non-tariff barriers effectively reducing the rate for Malaysian made vehicles. In March 2013, the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (Malaysia) announced that vehicles manufactured in Australia and Japan will face
7668-407: The inclusion of North Borneo (present-day Sabah ), Sarawak and Singapore . Real power in the FMS and its constituent states rested with the four local British Residents and the Resident-General, the discretionary powers of the local rulers being essentially reduced to matters "touching Malay Religion and Customs". The federation, along with the Unfederated Malay States of the peninsula and
7776-467: The launch of 2016 Proton Perdana , which is only a Malayan tiger head with a circle surrounding in three-dimensional style. The new logo is now used on all Proton latest models, including the 2017 Proton Iriz facelift and 2017 Proton Exora Enhanced. Two years after (i.e., September 2019) Proton's global strategic partnership with Geely in 2017, Proton Holdings unveiled a brand new logo and ‘Inspiring Connections’ tagline to outline its ambition to be
7884-582: The metropolitan area. A new airport for Kuala Lumpur and a new federal government administration centre has been planned to replace their current location in Kuala Lumpur and Subang. The airport was originally mooted to be somewhere around Hulu Selangor and the administrative center was mooted to be in Janda Baik , Bentong, Pahang, but ultimately the airport is chosen to be in Sepang and the new administrative center
7992-417: The mid-2000s, Proton's revenues and sales declined sharply. In 2006, Proton's market share was 32%, down from 40% in 2005. Proton lost its majority domestic market share for the first time in 20 years to Perodua , the second Malaysian car manufacturer. Factors which contributed to the fall of Proton included the revision of the National Automotive Policy (NAP), Proton's newer indigenously designed models (i.e.,
8100-409: The misfortunes of MV Agusta and sold the marque to Gevi S.p.A. in December 2005 for €1, with Gevi assuming the €139.44 million debt carried over from MV Agusta. The latter half of the 2000s marked Proton's comeback in the domestic market, with its vehicle sales growing a total of about 37 percent from 2006 to 2011, significantly above total passenger car sales growth of about 10 percent. The comeback
8208-489: The new Saga outstripped supply, and Proton struggled to meet the growing demand, but by mid-1986, it had captured a 64% majority domestic market share in the below 1600cc segment. Later in October 1987, a hatchback variant called the Proton Saga Aeroback was launched and had a more powerful 1.5L Mitsubishi 4G15 engine and a redesigned rear-end. Exports to Ireland began in 1988, and by March 1989, Proton had entered
8316-864: The new township established next to Putrajaya, Cyberjaya which will be one of the main area of the corridor. Port Klang expands their activity by establishing a new cargo terminal in Pulau Indah, which later called Westport. Another terminal, called Northport was opened in 2000 and situated in the northern area of the Klang District. All other new residential and commercial areas also starts to grow such as Kota Kemuning in southern Shah Alam, UEP Subang Jaya (later abbreviated as USJ), Bandar Sultan Suleiman in north of Klang, Bandar Baru Selayang in Gombak, Bandar Utama in Petaling Jaya, Salak Tinggi in Sepang. Greater Kuala Lumpur
8424-518: The opening of a R&D centre at the Geely Automobile Research Institute at Hangzhou Bay in collaboration with Geely. Current model line up, with calendar year of introduction or most recent facelift: Former model line up, with calendar year of introduction or most recent facelift: The Proton logo in 1983 was a dark blue shield which encompassed a yellow crescent positioned below a yellow fourteen-pointed star, in reference to
8532-527: The original Proton plant in operation since 1985, located in Shah Alam , Selangor . Despite a combined production capacity of around 350,000 units, both plants are underutilised with just 52,235 and 114,645 units produced at the Tanjung Malim and Shah Alam plants in 2011 respectively. On 7 July 2004, Proton purchased a 57.57% stake in MV Agusta S.p.A. of Italy, valued at €70 million. Proton failed to reverse
8640-450: The owner of Bugatti . By 2003, Proton's stake in Lotus was increased to 100%. Lotus has been involved in the development of suspension and handling elements of all Proton cars launched since 1996. The Proton Satria GTi , widely regarded as the best Malaysian car ever produced, owes much of its success to Lotus' contributions. The Proton Waja , the company's first indigenously designed model,
8748-464: The port. Subang Airport in Subang also serves as the main gateway to the capital. Kuala Lumpur township has been declared a city in 1972 and due to political factors and its status as the federal capital, the city is carved out from Selangor to be made as Federal Territories , changing entirely the development scenarios of the areas. Selangor decided to revise their district areas which not only affect
8856-562: The price of tin, which was $ 32.20 per pikul in 1896, rose to $ 42.96 in 1898, to $ 74.15 in 1900, and averaged $ 80.60 in 1905. Excluding tin, the principal exports were $ 108,000 worth of Para rubber, $ 181,000 of copra, $ 54,000 of hides, $ 48,000 of patchouli, and considerable quantities of timber, rattans and other jungle produce. The revenue of the Negri Sembilan amounted to $ 223,435 in 1888. In 1898 it had increased to $ 701,334, in 1900 to $ 1,251,366, and in 1905 to $ 2,335,534. The revenue for 1905
8964-414: The rulers, the four state Residents and four nominated unofficial members. This structure remained until the Japanese invaded Malaya on 8 December 1941. Although the Resident-General was the real administrator of the federation, each of the four constituent states of the federation retained their respective hereditary rulers. At the formation of the Federated Malay States, the reigning rulers were: In 1897
9072-465: The shield. The combinations of the four colours of the shield represents the colours of the flags of the states of the FMS in the same way the stripes of the FMS flag do. This design forms the basis of the Federation of Malaya's national emblem along with the guardian tigers and a quartered shield of the same, symbolic four colours mentioned above. The phrase "Dipelihara Allah" was also adopted as
9180-527: The start of a decline in the local market-leading Proton marque which led to Perodua , the second Malaysian vehicle manufacturer, eventually capturing Proton's sales crown in 2006. In 2002, Proton introduced the Arena , a ute based on the Proton Wira platform and thus far the only Proton model to enjoy significantly more popularity in its export markets (specifically Australia) than domestically. The Proton Gen-2 ,
9288-412: The state administration centre, Shah Alam town area now hosts industrial areas as well, with sites includes Malaysia's first automotive company Proton headquarter and first main production plant which started operating in 1984. Port Klang Authority started moving towards privatisation with divesting their current container terminal to a private entity, Klang Container Terminal Berhad. At the same time,
9396-539: The use of non-Malay only. The expenditure for 1905 amounted to $ 10,141,980. Of this sum $ 4,236,000 was spent on railway upkeep and construction and $ 2,176,100 on public works. The value of the imports into Perak during 1905 was over $ 20,000,000, and that of the exports exceeded $ 40,000,000, making a total of over $ 60,000,000, equivalent to about seven million sterling. The output of tin from Perak ranged between 18,960 tons, valued at $ 23,099,506 in 1899, and 26,600 tons, valued at $ 35,500,000, in 1905. The fluctuating output figure
9504-402: The value of the agricultural produce, of which gambier represented $ 211,000 and damar $ 80,000, amounted to $ 407,990. The revenue of Pahang in 1899 amounted to $ 62,077; in 1900 to $ 419,150. In 1905 it was $ 528,368. The expenditure in 1905 amounted to $ 1,208,176. Of this sum $ 736,886 was spent on public works. Pahang is still a source of expense to the federation, its progress having been slowed by
9612-534: The vice president of manufacturing, who had previously been involved with Proton back in the 80s when it was founded during his time in Mitsubishi from April 1982 until July 2017. On 29 September 2017, DRB-HICOM announced changes to the board of Proton Holdings Berhad. Following the signing of a Definitive Agreement with China's Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Limited on 23 June 2017, the Chinese carmaker acquired 49.9% equity in Proton. The announcement on 29 September saw
9720-418: The world with the capability to design cars from the ground up. Since the 2000s, Proton has produced a mix of locally engineered and badge-engineered vehicles. Proton was founded under majority ownership by HICOM , with a minority stake being held by Mitsubishi Group members. By 2005, Mitsubishi had divested its stake in Proton to Khazanah Nasional . In 2012, Proton was fully acquired by DRB-HICOM . Proton
9828-409: Was $ 24,643,619 and that of the exports was $ 26,683,316, making a total of $ 51,326,935 equivalent to £5,988,000. Tin was the principal export. The amount exported in 1905 was 17,254 tons. The total area of alienated mining land at the end of 1905 amounted to 65,573 acres (265 km ). The revenue of Perak in 1874 amounted to $ 226,333. That for 1905 amounted to $ 12,242,897. Of this latter sum $ 4,876,400
9936-620: Was a federation of four protected states in the Malay Peninsula — Selangor , Perak , Negeri Sembilan and Pahang — established in 1895 by the British government, and which lasted until 1946. In that year they formed the Malayan Union together with two of the former Straits Settlements , ( Malacca and Penang ), and the Unfederated Malay States . Two years later, the union became the Federation of Malaya , which achieved independence in 1957, and finally Malaysia in 1963 with
10044-461: Was appointed as the managing director of Proton in 1988. On 15 August 1992, the Proton Saga Iswara was launched. It shares the older Mitsubishi platform used in the original Proton Saga, but its exterior and interior styling are unique to Proton. The Saga Iswara was widely used as taxicabs in Malaysia during the 1990s and 2000s, and many continue in service. On 21 May 1993 the Proton Wira
10152-1617: Was barely used by any official agencies. It is more colloquially known is Malay language as Metropolitan Lembah Klang , rather than Kuala Lumpur Raya . In 2010, the Greater KL population was estimated at close to seven million and it contributed about RM263 billion to the nation's Gross National Income (GNI). Kuala Lumpur ranks 79th out of 140 cities in the Economist Intelligence Unit 's survey on liveability. Maluri and Cheras Kepong Segambut (incl. Mont Kiara , TTDI , Damansara Heights ) Sentul , Batu and Titiwangsa Setapak / Wangsa Maju Setiawangsa and Ampang Hilir Lembah Pantai , Mid Valley City and Bangsar Jalan Klang Lama and OUG Bandar Tasik Selatan and Salak South Sri Petaling Bukit Jalil and Sungai Besi Beranang (Eco Majestic) Broga Hulu Langat town Sunway Pyramid Puchong and Bandar Kinrara Seri Kembangan Batu Tiga (partial) Meru Pulau Indah Pulau Ketam Sungai Buloh incl. Kota Damansara and Bandar Sri Damansara Gombak Batu Caves Rawang Kuang Batu Arang Kundang Kepong (partial) Genting Sempah Dengkil Sepang town Sungai Pelek Tanjong Sepat Tanjung Karang Puncak Alam Bukit Cherakah Ijok Jeram Metropolitan areas of Malaysia Federated Malay States The Federated Malay States ( FMS , Malay : Negeri-Negeri Melayu Bersekutu , Jawi : نݢري٢ ملايو برسکوتو )
10260-418: Was derived from duty on exported tin, $ 1,972,628 from finance, federal receipts, and $ 340,360 from land revenue. The trade balance was chiefly derived from the revenue farms, which included the right to collect import duty on opium and spirits. The expenditure for 1905 amounted to $ 7,186,146, of which sum $ 3,717,238 was on account of federal charges and $ 1,850,711 for public works. The value of the imports in 1905
10368-413: Was derived from duty on exported tin, $ 2,489,300 from railway receipts, $ 505,300 from land revenue and $ 142,800 from postal and telegraphic revenue. The remainder is mainly derived from the revenue farms, which are leased for a short term of years, conveying to the lessee the right to collect import duties upon opium, wine and spirits, to keep pawnbroking shops, and to keep public licensed gambling-houses for
10476-411: Was derived mainly as follows: customs $ 1,268,602, land revenue $ 145,475, land sales $ 21,407, while the revenue farms contributed $ 584,459. The expenditure in 1905 amounted to $ 2,214,093, of which $ 1,125,355 was spent on public works. The trade returns for 1905, which are not, however, complete, showed an aggregate value of about $ 13,000,000. The value of the tin exported during 1905 exceeded $ 6,900,000, and
10584-621: Was due to the uncertainty of the labour supply. The mining population was recruited exclusively from the districts of southern China, and during certain years an increased demand for labourers in China itself, in French Indo-China, in the Dutch colonies, and in South Africa temporarily and adversely affected immigration to the Straits of Malacca. The output had, moreover, been affected from time to time by
10692-657: Was established in 1906 and headed by the Judicial Commissioner, in whom supreme judicial authority was vested. The title of Judicial Commissioner was changed to Chief Judge in 1925. The Federated Malay States initially used the Straits dollar issued by the Board of Commissioners of Currency for the Straits Settlements . As the currency depreciated over time, it was pegged at two shillings four sterling pence in 1906. In 1939,
10800-478: Was fitted with Mitsubishi's 4G63 2.0-litre straight-four engine . It was also offered with the superior 6A12 DOHC 2.0-liter V6 engine after 1999. The Perdana remains the only D-segment, V6-powered car to be commercially produced by Proton. A Citroën AX -based 1.1-litre five-door supermini called the Proton Tiara debuted in 1996. It was the result of a joint venture between Proton and PSA Peugeot Citroën ,
10908-442: Was introduced. It is based on the fourth-generation 1991 Mitsubishi Lancer and was sold in a four-door saloon guise at launch. The Proton Wira Aeroback, a five-door hatchback variant featuring a Proton-designed rear-end joined the range in 1993. By 1996, the Wira saloon and hatchback shared six different engines, all of which were sourced from Mitsubishi Motors . The engines included the 4G13 1.3L and 4G15 1.5L carried over from
11016-426: Was launched in August 2000. However, it still had a Mitsubishi 4G18 engine at launch as Proton's first in-house CamPro engine was unavailable. The Waja marked the end of Proton's extensive reliance on other car manufacturers for vehicle platforms and components. However, the model was only a moderate seller, being significantly outsold by Proton's own much older and slightly smaller Proton Wira . The Waja also marked
11124-485: Was launched on 18 January 2008. Previously, the first generation Proton Saga had been Proton's first and most successful model, having had a long 23-year lifespan, the longest of all Proton models to date. The new Saga proved to be a successful model Proton with over 23,000 bookings two weeks into its launch. It has consistently ranked as Proton's best-selling vehicle domestically, while placing 3rd overall in 2008, and 2nd between 2009 and 2012, beaten only by its archrival,
11232-587: Was mined primarily in the Klang valley in Selangor and the Kinta Valley in Perak. This labour-intensive economic activities prompted the British to bring in immigrant workers from southern India to work at the plantations and workers from southern China to mine the tin. The economic condition in the period can be viewed as self-sustainable, as the income of the federation was more than what was expended in terms of maintaining
11340-735: Was now advised by the State Council for the purpose of administrating the state. The State Council was made up of the Resident (or in certain cases by the Secretary to the Resident), native chiefs, and representative(s) of the Chinese community nominated by the Sultan. The council discussed matters of interest for each respective state such as legislative and administrative issues as well as revision of all sentence of capital punishment. The Resident and his staff (mostly consist of European and Malay) carried on with
11448-505: Was revived in 2001 and completed in late 2003 instead. The new 1,280 acre plant was also developed as part of the Proton City project, which would span 4,000 acres of land in Tanjung Malim and consist of residential, commercial, institutional, industrial and recreational areas. The plant has an annual production capacity of 150,000 vehicles, but could be expanded to 1 million units in the future. The Proton Tanjung Malim plant complements
11556-434: Was spearheaded by the Proton Persona saloon launched in August 2007, the long-overdue replacement for the best-selling but ageing Proton Wira saloon. The Persona was based on an extended version of the 2004 Proton GEN•2 hatchback platform and shared most of its components and external appearance. The Persona successfully sold 19,840 units in the first three months following its launch. The second generation Proton Saga
11664-637: Was the owner of Lotus Cars from 1996 to 2017. In May 2017, DRB-HICOM announced plans to sell a 49.9% stake in Proton and a 51% stake in Lotus to Chinese company Geely . The deal was signed in June 2017, and Lotus has ceased to be a unit of Proton. As of 2023, Proton has an overseas presence in Bangladesh, Myanmar, Brunei, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kenya, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nepal, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Sri Lanka, South Africa, and Zimbabwe. CKD plants are located in Pakistan, Kenya, Nepal and Sri Lanka. Proton
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