97-774: The Hathaway Academy , formerly the Grays School Media Arts College ( TGSMAC or Grays School ), is a coeducational , non-selective secondary school with academy status that is located in Grays, Essex , England . It is currently part of the Academy Transformation Trust . A school has existed on the Hathaway Road site since 1931, when the John Henry Burrows Central Council School moved from nearby Bridge Road. The school became
194-612: A secondary technical in 1945 and a comprehensive school in 1971. In 1993, it was given grant-maintained status and was renamed the Grays School. In 2004, it specialised and became the Grays School Media Arts College, which closed in June 2013 with the subsequent opening of the current academy-status school. The academy school has since retained TGSMAC's specialisms, which are digital media and performing arts. Since 2015,
291-505: A class with boys, but other research suggests that when the previous attainment is taken into account, that difference falls away. According to advocates of coeducation, without classmates of the opposite sex, students have social issues that may impact adolescent development. They argue that the absence of the opposite sex creates an unrealistic environment not duplicated in the real world. Some studies show that in classes that are separated by gender, male and female students work and learn on
388-499: A day school only. The world's oldest co-educational both day and boarding school is Dollar Academy , a junior and senior school for males and females from ages 5 to 18 in Scotland , United Kingdom. From its opening in 1818, the school admitted both boys and girls of the parish of Dollar and the surrounding area. The school continues in existence to the present day with around 1,250 pupils. The first co-educational college to be founded
485-402: A different status, and a few became voluntary controlled or community schools . Though funded through local authorities, voluntary aided and foundation schools retain some independence. They own the school buildings and grounds, employ the staff and control their own admissions. After the abolition of grant-maintained status, the only schools still directly funded by central government were
582-433: A doubt. This is amazing." Since then, more renovations have been done to make safe dangerous asbestos panelling within its buildings. The asbestos panels were encased in aluminium to mitigate the risks of exposure and contamination. A house owned by the school's old caretaker is rented to its teachers. In October 2017 ten teachers jointly rented the house. The school is located on Hathaway Road and Grays railway station
679-450: A final time on June 30, 2013, and the new Hathaway Academy began operations on July 1, 2013, in preparation for the beginning of the 2013-2014 academic year . In April 2014 celebrity actor Russell Brand , whose hometown is Grays and attended Grays School as a teenager, visited the academy whilst filming a documentary . During his visit, Brand visited a drama lesson for 20 minutes; he gave analysis and feedback then stepped on stage and gave
776-549: A grant from central government. Some of these schools had selective admissions procedures. Grant-maintained status was created by the Education Reform Act 1988 , as part of the programme of the Conservative government to create greater diversity in educational provision and to weaken the influence of local education authorities . GM schools would be owned and managed by their own boards of school governors , rather than
873-471: A mixed-sex secondary school. Its first enrollment class consisted of 78 male and 36 female students. Among the latter was Rebecca Gratz who would become an educator and philanthropist. However, the school soon began having financial problems and it reopened as an all-male institution. Westford Academy in Westford, Massachusetts has operated as mixed-sex secondary school since its founding in 1792, making it
970-929: A need for advanced education for women at a time when they were not admitted to most institutions of higher education." Notable examples include the Seven Sisters colleges, of which Vassar College is now coeducational and Radcliffe College has merged with Harvard University . Other notable women's colleges that have become coeducational include Wheaton College in Massachusetts, Ohio Wesleyan Female College in Ohio , Skidmore College , Wells College , and Sarah Lawrence College in New York state, Pitzer College in California, Goucher College in Maryland and Connecticut College . By 1900
1067-686: A place are placed onto a waiting list and can enrol to the school should a place be opened. Alternatively, they can appeal to an "independent appeals panel". Children can also apply mid-way through the academic year and will be placed onto the same waiting list as those applicants who were denied. In the early 2000s, Grays School offered pupils out-of-hours extracurricular activities; this included fishing and Warhammer gaming. The school also offered to hold support classes for parents, in which finance management and desktop publishing were taught. There were also clubs for chess, Spanish, MFL, PE, science and drama. The music department provided music lessons for £13.50
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#17330944448401164-661: A positive impact of single-sex schooling on education achievement [...] but others finding average null effects"; they concluded that after controlling for "individual, parental and school-level factors [...] on average, there is no significant difference in performance for girls or boys who attend single-sex schools compared to their mixed-school peers in science, mathematics or reading." Grant-maintained school Grant-maintained schools or GM schools were state schools in England and Wales between 1988 and 1998 that had opted out of local government control, being funded directly by
1261-533: A questionnaire on the school website four names were proposed for the new academy: Goliath Academy (referencing the ship ), Gower Academy (referencing Cyril Gower from the 1939 Spitfire incident), Thors Oak Academy (referencing the association to the name Thurrock) and Tamesis Academy ( Latin name for the River Thames which flows through the Grays area). The deadline for the vote was April 30, 2013. The school closed for
1358-455: A rendition from Bugsy Malone , in which he acted in a Grays School production. Brand was disappointed to learn the school no longer had a library, and funded the building a new one. At an event at the Institute of Education Brand said; "It's a disgrace that a state school doesn't have a library funded by the state, what's going on?", referring to Hathaway Academy. In June 2014, Principal Howarth
1455-399: A single-sex setting could be less prepared, nervous, or uneasy. However, some argue that at certain ages, students may be more distracted by the opposite sex in a coeducational setting, but others point to this being based on an assumption that all students are heterosexual. There is evidence that girls may perform less well in traditionally male-dominated subjects such as the sciences when in
1552-422: A term and instruments could be hired for £5. The department also had a jazz band and a vocal group, both of whom performed at local primary schools, school concerts, school assemblies and a local IKEA shop. From 25 to 27 April 2003, the school held a "Craft for a Cause" workshop to support its bid to become a specialist school. Contests were held, and pupils and parents were invited to a silent auction . A raffle
1649-461: Is also a leadership team made up of pupils who applied in Year 9 as apprentices . It has three ranks through which pupils can advance as they age: Year 9 and 10 apprentices, Year 11 prefects and head boy and head girl . The Grays School Media Arts College introduced a house system consisting of four colleges (houses, three junior and one senior; these were named Tate, Chaucer, Holmes and Puttnam. Puttnam
1746-620: Is nearby. It also neighbours a large council estate . In 1996, Grays School was awarded Investors in People , which it retained in 1999 and 2002. Hathaway Academy has held the Diversity Mark Gold award for some time, and was last assessed for retainment in November 2020, and Gold status was confirmed in December 2020. In 2019, the academy signed an "agreement of affiliation" with the Grays branch of
1843-468: Is one of the many Muslim countries where most schools and colleges are single-gender although some schools and colleges, and most universities are coeducational. In schools that offer O levels and A levels, co-education is quite prevalent. After the independence of Pakistan in 1947, most universities were coeducational but the proportion of women was less than 5%. After the Islamization policies in
1940-485: Is run by an academy trust : the Academy Transformation Trust. Day-to-day school administration is run by a senior leadership team consisting of the associate principals, vice principals and the head principal. There is also a local academy committee made up of governors who scrutinise the senior leadership team and are permitted to intervene in administration should the school's standards decline. There
2037-403: Is used to refer to a mixed school. The word is also often used to describe a situation in which both sexes are integrated in any form (e.g., "The team is coed"). Less common in the 21st century is the noun use of word "coed", which traditionally referred to a female student in a mixed gender school. The noun use is considered by many to be sexist and unprofessional, the argument being that applying
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#17330944448402134-653: The Hui and Salars , find coeducation to be controversial, owing to Islamic ideas on gender roles. On the other hand, the Muslim Uyghurs have not historically objected to coeducation. Admission to the Sorbonne was opened to girls in 1860. The baccalauréat became gender-blind in 1924, giving equal chances to all girls in applying to any universities. Mixed-sex education became mandatory for primary schools in 1957 and for all universities in 1975. St. Paul's Co-educational College
2231-599: The Ming dynasty and Yuan Mei 's school during the Qing Dynasty , enrolled both male and female students. In the 1910s, women's universities were established, such as Ginling Women's University and Peking Girls' Higher Normal School, but there was no coeducation in higher learning schools. Tao Xingzhi , the Chinese advocator of mixed-sex education, proposed The Audit Law for Women Students (規定女子旁聽法案, Guī Dìng Nǚ Zi Páng Tīng Fǎ Àn) at
2328-610: The Royal British Legion . This was likely a reaction to the school's 15-year record of collecting the most donations to the Poppy Appeal in the area. In 2016, business studies teacher Emma Hughes was awarded at the House of Commons for her "outstanding contribution to the academy". Her award was presented by Member of Parliament John Spellar . In 1993 the Grays School began inviting high-profile guests and organisations to visit
2425-635: The Royal Opera House to provide a drama workshop over the Easter holidays. Hathaway Academy provides out-of-hours clubs such as DnD and Creative writing and pupils are allowed to participate in school productions for music, art, drama and media. The school also provides after-school football sessions via its partnership with West Ham United F.C. The school also hosts a church called the Proclaimer's Sanctuary. Hathaway Academy occupies five building blocks and
2522-613: The 15 City Technology Colleges . In 2000 the Labour government introduced a new kind of directly funded school, the City Academy, later renamed Academy . Following the 2010 General Election the Academies Act 2010 was enacted, vastly expanding possibilities for schools to become academies. It was described by journalist Mike Baker as "not an extension of the Labour government's academies, but
2619-554: The 19th century, mixed-sex education has since become standard in many cultures, particularly in western countries. Single-sex education remains prevalent in many Muslim countries. The relative merits of both systems have been the subject of debate. The world's oldest co-educational school is thought to be Archbishop Tenison's Church of England High School, Croydon , established in 1714 in the United Kingdom , which admitted boys and girls from its opening onwards. This has always been
2716-473: The 19th century. The world's oldest co-educational school is thought to be Archbishop Tenison's Church of England High School, Croydon , established in 1714 in the United Kingdom, which admitted 10 boys and 10 girls from its opening, and remained co-educational thereafter. This is a day school only and still in existence. The Scottish Dollar Academy was the first mixed-sex both day and boarding school in
2813-531: The Briton Frederic Harrison said after visiting the United States that "The whole educational machinery of America ... open to women must be at least twentyfold greater than with us, and it is rapidly advancing to meet that of men both in numbers and quality". Where most of the history of coeducation in this period is a list of those moving toward the accommodation of both men and women at one campus,
2910-578: The Earth"). The amalgamation remained in force until a reorganisation in 1971, when the two schools would separate. Grays Tech was henceforth known as Grays Comprehensive School, remaining at the Hathaway Road site. Aveley Tech continued operations until 1972, when as part of the reorganisation of education in Essex, Palmer's Boys' and Girls' Schools amalgamated with Aveley Tech to constitute a sixth form college , which became Palmer's College . Grays Comprehensive School
3007-506: The Hathaway Academy by the government due to special needs or an education, health and care plan must by law be approved by the school. Should two or more students tie for the school's final spare slot after over-subscription, their names will be placed in a hat and selected by someone independent of the school or trust's staff. Qualifying siblings of current pupils bypass this process and are all admitted together. Applicants who are denied
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3104-446: The PE department. There is an assembly hall , a library and a vocational centre . The school reception was relocated to the front of one of the buildings in a bid to make the school more inviting. The school also has a car park, a visitors' entrance and a pupil reception entrance. The school's main building was constructed in 1932. This building is centred around a quad, which is surrounded by
3201-700: The Reformation, coeducation was introduced in Western Europe, when certain Protestant groups urged that boys and girls should be taught to read the Bible. The practice became very popular in northern England, Scotland, and colonial New England, where young children, both male and female, attended dame schools . In the late 18th century, girls gradually were admitted to town schools. The Society of Friends in England, as well as in
3298-619: The UK. Founded in 1818, it is the oldest both boarding and day mixed-sex educational institution in the world still in existence. In England, the first non-Quaker mixed-sex public boarding school was Bedales School , founded in 1893 by John Haden Badley and becoming mixed in 1898. Ruckleigh School in Solihull was founded by Cathleen Cartland in 1909 as a non-denominational co-educational preparatory school many decades before others followed. Many previously single-sex schools have begun to accept both sexes in
3395-580: The United States were single-sex. Examples include Collegiate School , a boys' school operating in New York by 1638 (which remains a single-sex institution); and Boston Latin School , founded in 1635 (which did not become coeducational until 1972). Nonetheless, mixed-sex education existed at the lower levels in the U.S. long before it extended to colleges. For example, in 1787, the predecessor to Franklin & Marshall College in Lancaster, Pennsylvania , opened as
3492-560: The United States, pioneered coeducation as they did universal education, and in Quaker settlements in the British colonies, boys and girls commonly attended school together. The new free public elementary, or common schools , which after the American Revolution supplanted church institutions, were almost always coeducational, and by 1900 most public high schools were coeducational as well. In
3589-494: The building would house two food technology rooms and become part of the school's D-block. Hathaway Academy was renovated in early 2015; according to the Principal James Howarth; "It's a complete transformation. A building that looked completely unattractive is now one where children comment regularly that they feel happier coming to school, and that environment is where learning and progress happens without any question of
3686-461: The campus serving black students at the site of what is now Florida A&M University . Florida did not return to coeducation at UF and FSU until after World War II, prompted by the drastically increased demands placed on the higher education system by veterans studying via GI Bill programs following World War II. The Buckman arrangements officially ended with new legislation guidelines passed in 1947. Several early primary and secondary schools in
3783-475: The country. However, for quite a while, women sometimes were treated rudely by their male classmates. The prejudice of some male professors proved more unsettling. Many professors disapproved of the admission of women into their classes, citing studies that claimed that women were mentally unsuited for higher education, and because most would "just get married", they were using resources that, they believed, male students would use better. Some professors simply ignored
3880-462: The decision unanimously, with the Academy Transformation Trust sponsoring its conversion in a bid for it to achieve outstanding status, the highest OFSTED rank. It was announced PE teacher James Howarth, former associate principal at Harris Academy Peckham and Harris City Academy , and the former deputy head at Eastlea Community School in East London , would be principal of the new academy. In
3977-440: The early 1980s, the government established Women's colleges and Women's universities to promote education among women who were hesitant to study in mixed-sex environment. Today, however, most universities and a large number of schools in urban areas are co-educational. In the United Kingdom the official term is mixed , and today most schools are mixed. A number of Quaker co-educational boarding schools were established before
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4074-414: The fight and law enforcement urged the school to "look into matters and report any assault to us so that we can put an end to this violence". The same month, another incident occurred and a TGSMAC pupil was threatened at knife-point, and police had to intervene again. These incidents were brought to the attention of OFSTED, which undertook took a surprise inspection of the school in June. The inspection showed
4171-647: The first coeducational public or state university in the United States in 1855, and for much of the next century, public universities, and land grant universities in particular, would lead the way in mixed-sex higher education. There were also many private coeducational universities founded in the 19th century, especially west of the Mississippi River. East of the Mississippi, Wheaton College (Illinois) graduated its first female student in 1862. Bates College in Maine
4268-496: The household. As time progressed, education became more structured and formal. Women often had very few rights when education started to become a more important aspect of civilization. Efforts of the ancient Greek and Chinese societies focused primarily on the education of males. In ancient Rome, the availability of education was gradually extended to women, but they were taught separately from men. The early Christians and medieval Europeans continued this trend, and single-sex schools for
4365-614: The lack of strong Christian principles among the settlers of the American West. They decided to establish a college and a colony based on their religious beliefs, "where they would train teachers and other Christian leaders for the boundless most desolate fields in the West". Oberlin College and the surrounding community were dedicated to progressive causes and social justice. Though it did reluctantly what every other college refused to do at all, it
4462-486: The late 19th and early 20th centuries, coeducation grew much more widely accepted. In Great Britain, Germany, and the Soviet Union, the education of girls and boys in the same classes became an approved practice. In Australia, there is a trend towards increased coeducational schooling with new coeducational schools opening, few new single-sex schools opening and existing single-sex schools combining or opening their doors to
4559-615: The local authority. Proposals to convert to grant-maintained status could be initiated by the governing body or by a number of parents, but would then be determined by a ballot of parents. Skegness Grammar School was the first school to apply for, and to receive, grant-maintained status, whilst Castle Hall School in Mirfield was the first GM school to open. The Education Act 1993 made it possible for independent schools to convert to grant-maintained status, and for independent sponsors to set up new grant-maintained schools. Schools entering
4656-503: The local community due to a history with students' behaviour and grades. This culminated in 2007 when incidents occurred within and in relation to the school, leading to intervention by OFSTED and Thurrock Council . In May 2007, a fight between two 11-13-year-old students broke out in the school playground; onlookers cheered on and no staff could be found. Videos of the fight were twice uploaded to YouTube but were removed. In response, Headteacher Graham Winter said he knew "nothing" about
4753-446: The maths department and Self-Worth contains the science department. The Grays County Technical High School was selective and required all applicants to pass the 11-plus exam . The Hathaway Academy is coeducational and comprehensive , meaning pupils of both sexes are admitted and are not restricted by academic achievement or aptitude. The school is supported by four feeder schools in the local area. The Grays School Media Arts College
4850-484: The meeting of Nanjing Higher Normal School held on December seventh, 1919. He also proposed that the university recruit female students. The idea was supported by the president Kuo Ping-Wen , academic director Liu Boming , and such famous professors as Lu Zhiwei and Yang Xingfo, but opposed by many famous men of the time. The meeting passed the law and decided to recruit women students next year. Nanjing Higher Normal School enrolled eight Chinese female students in 1920. In
4947-555: The national average. As of 2021, 64.2% of pupils were boys and 35.8% were girls, and there were 782 pupils on the roll. In 1925, Constantin Cernat Central Council School opened on the former site of Bridge Road Infants' School . In 1931, the school was relocated from Bridge Road to Hathaway Road. In 1935, it became a middle school and was renamed John Henry Burrows Intermediate School. The name "John Henry Burrows" may have originated from Alderman John H. Burrows, who
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#17330944448405044-489: The oldest continuously operating coed school in America. The oldest continuously operating coed boarding school in the United States is Westtown School , founded in 1799. A minister and a missionary founded Oberlin in 1833. Rev. John Jay Shipherd (minister) and Philo P. Stewart (missionary) became friends while spending the summer of 1832 together in nearby Elyria . They discovered a mutual disenchantment with what they saw as
5141-612: The opposite gender. The first mixed-sex institution of higher learning in China was the Nanjing Higher Normal Institute , which was renamed National Central University and Nanjing University . For millennia in China, public schools, especially public higher learning schools, were for men. Generally, only schools established by zōng zú (宗族, gens) were for both male and female students. Some schools, such as Li Zhi 's school during
5238-596: The past few decades: for example, Clifton College began to accept girls in 1987. The first higher-education institution in the United Kingdom to allow women and men to enter on equal terms, and hence be admitted to academic degrees, was the University of Bristol (then established as University College, Bristol ) in 1876. Given their dual role as both boarding house and educational establishment, individual colleges at Oxford and Cambridge remained segregated for much longer. The first Oxford college to house both men and women
5335-603: The playing field. The pilot, Cyril Douglas Gower, had been flying in formation with two other Spitfire fighters when his aircraft collided with the wingtip of another and lost control. He did not survive the crash. After the end of the European theatre of the Second World War the school was granted secondary technical status and became Grays County Technical High School, which was abbreviated to Grays Tech. It existed from 1945 to 1968. The only confirmed headmaster of Grays Tech
5432-472: The preparatory department at Oberlin in 1833 and the college department in 1837. The first four women to receive bachelor's degrees in the United States earned them at Oberlin in 1841. Later, in 1862, the first black woman to receive a bachelor's degree ( Mary Jane Patterson ) also earned it from Oberlin College. Beginning in 1844, Hillsdale College became the next college to admit mixed-sex classes to four-year degree programs. The University of Iowa became
5529-583: The privileged classes prevailed through the Reformation period. The early periods of this century included many religious schools and the first major public schools in the country had been established for males and females. In the 16th century, at the Council of Trent , the Roman Catholic church reinforced the establishment of free elementary schools for children of all classes. The concept of universal elementary education, regardless of sex, had been created. After
5626-421: The resignation of headteacher Graham Winter, who was replaced with two trouble-shooting headteachers who were brought in from Middlesbrough and Hendon on March 10 as part of the school's recovery plan. These two headteachers were replaced by Deputy Head Tim Rider, who became acting head, with John Marchant becoming sole deputy. Under Tim Rider, the school began a process behavioural and structural reform, which
5723-539: The same level as their peers, the stereotypical mentality of the teacher is removed, and girls are likely to have more confidence in the classroom than they would in a coeducational class. In a 2022 study published in the British Educational Research Journal which examined the Irish educational system, the authors stated that the existing "empirical evidence is somewhat ambiguous, with some studies finding
5820-427: The same time,' women were considered to be the physical manifestations of the coeducation movement. While men were called students, women were called coeds. The message was that women . . . were not really students." Numerous professional organizations require that the gender-neutral term "student" be used instead of "coed" or, when gender is relevant to the context, that the term "female student" be substituted. If
5917-615: The same year Peking University also began to allow women students to audit classes. One of the most notable female students of that time was Chien-Shiung Wu . In 1949, the People's Republic of China was founded. The Chinese government pursued a policy of moving towards co-education and nearly all schools and universities have become mixed-sex. In recent years, some female or single-sex schools have again emerged for special vocational training needs, but equal rights for education still applies to all citizens. Indigenous Muslim populations in China,
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#17330944448406014-444: The school and present awards. This tradition was continued by the Hathaway Academy. Some noteworthy visitors such as Russell Brand visit on their own volition. Below is a list of the known headteachers and principals of the many iterations of the school. Due to the undocumented nature of much of the school's history it is likely that some heads and principals are missing. Below is a list of the known deputy Heads and vice principals of
6111-522: The school attained the highest average GCSE results for Year 11 in its history. Despite this, the school's results were behind those of The Gateway and Ormiston Park academies. Ibeji left the school in May 2012. Deputy Head John Marchant became acting headteacher. In July 2012, acting Headteacher Marchant announced Grays School Media Arts College intended to become an academy , a plan that had been in place since at least 2008, The school's governing board made
6208-501: The school gained foundation status . By 2001, the headteacher was James Winstone, who likely left in 2002 and was succeeded by Mark Griffin in 2003. Griffin decided to apply to the DFES in March 2003 for the school to specialise as a visual arts college. His application was supported by Lord David Puttnam and other supporting comprehensive schools from Essex and surrounding areas. In September 2004
6305-399: The school has held an OFSTED rating of "good", thanks to the efforts of Tahmidul Topadar; from 2009 it was rated "satisfactory/requires improvement", and between 2007 and 2009, it was rated " special measures ". The pupil demography is mostly White British , with a large Eastern European population. Around 30% of the pupils speak English as an additional language, a higher proportion than
6402-529: The school successfully specialised and became the Grays School Media Arts College. At around the same time, Deputy Head Simon Viccars left the school to become headteacher of the Leon School and Sports College in Milton Keynes . Both Tim Rider and John Marchant succeeded Viccars, and they shared the deputyship. By 2007 the Grays School Media Arts College (TGSMAC or Grays School) had a controversial reputation in
6499-524: The school upheld outdated academic policies, underachieved in core subjects and had failed to provide adequate religious education . In September 2007, the school was placed into special measures and faced threats of closure after an OFSTED report of the June Inspection brought to light many problems with the school. Teachers were criticised for inadequate teaching, having low expectations in lessons and failing to mark books over several months, though it
6596-438: The school's technology and maths blocks. In June 2015, after a period of deterioration, this quad was renovated with foliage and a new garden, which was complemented by an adjoining repaint. The school had previously failed to maintain the quad after some years of underfunding. In 2013, Grays School began demolishing old, disused demountables and replacing them with a new building in preparation for academy status. Once complete,
6693-420: The school. Due to the undocumented nature of much of the school's history it is likely that some deputies and vices are missing. Mixed-sex education Mixed-sex education , also known as mixed-gender education , co-education , or coeducation (abbreviated to co-ed or coed ), is a system of education where males and females are educated together. Whereas single-sex education was more common up to
6790-612: The sexes were educated together, we should have the healthy, moral and intellectual stimulus of sex ever quickening and refining all the faculties, without the undue excitement of senses that results from novelty in the present system of isolation. For years, a question many educators, parents, and researchers have been asking is whether it is academically beneficial to teach boys and girls together or separately at school. Some argue that coeducation has primarily social benefits by allowing males and females of all ages to become more prepared for real-world situations and that students familiar with
6887-420: The staff and pupils in which he stated; "I am going to say thank you and farewell ... I made you all a promise of becoming outstanding and I am stepping off the bus before our journey is complete. I am genuinely so so so sorry." In January 2020, the school was forced to enter a state of lockdown after 2 boys were seen chasing another boy with a knife shortly before the school was due to close that day. No-one
6984-456: The state of Florida was an exception. In 1905, the Buckman Act was one of consolidation in governance and funding but separation in race and gender, with Florida State College for Women (since 1947, Florida State University ) established to serve white females during this era, the campus that became what is now the University of Florida serving white males, and coeducation stipulated only for
7081-425: The state sector under these provisions included: Grant-maintained schools were allowed to set their own admissions criteria, which were sometimes at variance with those applied by the local education authorities . Some schools successfully applied to become fully selective grammar schools , others introduced partial selection , and some practised selection by interview. The popularity of GM schools in some areas
7178-465: The state sector, they accounted for 3% of primary schools, 19% of secondary schools and 2% of special schools . Grant-maintained status was abolished by the School Standards and Framework Act 1998 . GM schools that had previously been voluntary aided , or which had private sponsors, normally returned to voluntary aided status, while others became foundation schools . However schools could choose
7275-479: The term solely to women implies that "normal" education is exclusively male: technically both male and female students at a coeducational institution should be considered "coeds". Writing for the Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development in 2017, author and educator Barbara Boroson described the noun use as "unfortunate", observing that "Although coeducation means 'the education of both sexes together at
7372-466: The treatment of his returning lymphoma. In June 2015, OFSTED categorised Hathaway Academy as "good", reaffirming this status with a short inspection in 2018. After his cancer returned again, James Howarth announced he was stepping down from his post as principal in September 2017, appointing acting Principal Fatima Rodrigues as the new principal from November. Before leaving, Howarth gave a final speech to
7469-492: The women students. By the end of the 19th century 70% of American colleges were coeducational, although the state of Florida was a notable exception; the Buckman Act of 1905 imposed gender-separated white higher education at the University of Florida (men) and Florida State College for Women . (As there was only one state college for blacks, the future Florida A&M University , it admitted both men and women.) The white Florida campuses returned to coeducation in 1947, when
7566-478: The women's college became Florida State University and the University of Florida became coeducational. In the late 20th century, many institutions of higher learning that had been exclusively for people of one sex became coeducational. A number of Greek-letter student societies have either been established (locally or nationally) or expanded as co-ed fraternities. In American colloquial language, "coed" or "co-ed"
7663-598: Was Oberlin Collegiate Institute in Oberlin, Ohio . It opened on 3 December 1833, with 44 students, including 29 men and 15 women. Fully equal status for women did not arrive until 1837, and the first three women to graduate with bachelor's degrees did so in 1840. By the late 20th century, many institutions of higher learning that had been exclusively for men or women had become coeducational. In early civilizations, people were typically educated informally: primarily within
7760-538: Was Cyril Baggs, who left in 1957 to become head of Fryerns School in Basildon . The headmaster after Mr Baggs was Mr Dolman until at least 1960. In 1968, Grays Tech merged with Aveley County Technical High School on Nethan Drive, Aveley , to become Aveley and Grays Technical High School. Aveley and Grays Technical High School had one headmaster, Frederick F. Harsant. The school motto was Rara Avis in Terra ("A Rare Bird Upon
7857-455: Was a "social priority" school, meaning that teachers were paid extra. It was also underperforming academically. The deputy headteacher was Alan Goodwin. It became grant-maintained in 1993 and "Comprehensive" was removed from the name. By this time, the deputy headteacher was Simon Viccars. After the school was given grant-maintained status, its budget grew by 500%. In 1996, the school was granted Investors in People status and in September 1999
7954-461: Was also a fifth house named Austen. In September 2013, Principal James Howarth introduced a new "faculty system" for the Hathaway Academy. The school is segregated into three faculties (houses), each of which is represented by a colour; these are Purpose (red), Engagement (yellow) and Self-Worth (green). Pupils are placed into one of the faculties on their first day and the school's departments are divided between them. For example, Engagement contains
8051-470: Was also coeducational and comprehensive, but offered boarding to its students. As a state school , all admissions to the school are free of charge. The school's admissions policy is dictated by the Academy Transformation Trust in coordination with Thurrock Council. Once the school's pupil admission number (PAN) is oversubscribed, applicants are preferred if they fall under the following factors by order of priority: Children who have been allocated to attend
8148-418: Was also held, the proceeds of which were donated to the specialist school initiative. In 2007, TGSMAC hosted Grays Youth Theatre, which held classes every Wednesday evening. From 6 October, Grays Youth Theatre established two drama groups in preparation for a play that was to be showcased in June 2008, and offered sessions for 6-13-year-olds in one of the school's demountables. In 2011, TGSMAC collaborated with
8245-465: Was attributed to the poor financial support offered by local education authorities. GM schools were entitled to apply to central government for capital grants for essential building works. The additional funding, distinct admissions policies and semi-independent status of grant-maintained schools were controversial and caused friction with LEAs. At their peak in early 1998, there were 1,196 grant-maintained schools, most of them secondary schools. Within
8342-467: Was diagnosed with lymphoma and took an almost-year-long leave of absence . Fatima Rodrigues overtook his duties as acting principal until September 2014, when a new interim principal, Alan Osborne, was appointed. Howarth returned as principal in April 2015 after interim Principal Dave Lee-Allan left for Stowmarket High School . From December 2015, Howarth worked part-time, taking multiple leaves of absences for
8439-468: Was harmed and the school returned to normal the next day. In March 2020 the school closed due to the COVID-19 pandemic and moved to online learning via Microsoft Teams . The school reopened in September 2020 but closed again soon after due to a rise of cases in the school. The school again reopened on March 8, 2021, in accordance with government guidelines. Like most academies in England, Hathaway Academy
8536-457: Was influential throughout Essex, primarily in Southend-on-Sea , Hadleigh , Tilbury and Grays. On 30 August 1939, the school was nearly destroyed when an aeroplane crashed into one of its playing fields . The pilot of a Spitfire from nearby RAF Hornchurch lost control during a training exercise, and during the crash it narrowly missed the roofs of some nearby houses before crashing into
8633-497: Was introduced. Other schools in Thurrock , including Ockendon School , Gable Hall , and William Edwards , supported and helped implement the reforms. The headteachers of these schools provided assistance to Rider and his administration. In September 2008, Lynn Ibeji took over from Tim Rider as headteacher in a permanent capacity and continued his policies, and the school was taken out of special measures on 8 October 2009. Also in 2009,
8730-407: Was named after Lord David Puttnam, the school's main sponsor in its bid to become an arts college. The colleges were split between KS3 with Year 10 and the senior Year 11 ; at Year 11, students would leave their college and enter Puttnam, the senior college. The colleges aimed to create a family environment and were intended to recognise every student, not deterring them from making mistakes. There
8827-553: Was noted pupils' behaviour had improved and was deemed "satisfactory". The pupils attained the only "2" or "good" rating for the school within the report. This improvement in behaviour was temporary; in January 2008, pupils' behaviour in the school was rated as "poor" by OFSTED, which made an interim inspection earlier that month and criticised the school's lack of progress. The school was also said to have been "overgenerous" in its self-appraisal. In March that year, Thurrock Council announced
8924-425: Was open to women from its founding in 1855, and graduated its first female student in 1869. Cornell University and the University of Michigan each admitted their first female students in 1870. Around the same time, single-sex women's colleges were also appearing. According to Irene Harwarth, Mindi Maline, and Elizabeth DeBra: " women's colleges were founded during the mid- and late-19th century in response to
9021-454: Was praised by OFSTED after their July 2008 Inspection, which noted the school was now considered satisfactory in most areas. Rider attributed the improvements to a new school ethos of togetherness, which included the implementation of policies focused on improving pupil behaviour and happiness. Pupils were encouraged to "take ownership of their school", pupil work parties were formed and a new school motto "Do Your Best Today, For A Better Tomorrow"
9118-575: Was the first college to admit both women and African Americans as students. Women were not admitted to the baccalaureate program, which granted bachelor's degrees, until 1837; prior to that, they received diplomas from what was called the Ladies' Course. The initial 1837 students were Caroline Mary Rudd, Elizabeth Prall, Mary Hosford, and Mary Fletcher Kellogg. The early success and achievement of women at Oberlin College persuaded many early women's rights leaders that coeducation would soon be accepted throughout
9215-1023: Was the first mixed-sex secondary school in Hong Kong . It was founded in 1915 as St. Paul's Girls' College. At the end of World War II , it was temporarily merged with St. Paul's College , which is a boys' school. When classes at the campus of St. Paul's College were resumed, it continued to be mixed and changed to its present name. Some other renowned mixed-sex secondary schools in town include Hong Kong Pui Ching Middle School, Queen Elizabeth School , and Tsuen Wan Government Secondary School . Most Hong Kong primary and secondary schools are mixed-sex, including government public schools, charter schools, and private schools. Mongolia's first co-educational school, named Third School, opened in Ulaanbaatar on November 2, 1921. Subsequent schools have been co-educational and there are no longer any single-sex schools in Mongolia. Pakistan
9312-442: Was the graduate-only Nuffield College in 1937; the first five undergraduate colleges ( Brasenose , Hertford , Jesus , St Catherine's , and Wadham ) became mixed in 1974. The first mixed Cambridge college was the graduate-only Darwin from its foundation in 1964. Churchill , Clare , and King's Colleges were the first previously all-male colleges of the University of Cambridge to admit female undergraduates in 1972. Magdalene
9409-488: Was the last all-male college to become mixed in 1988. The last women's college in Oxford, St Hilda's , became mixed as of Michaelmas term 2008. Two colleges remain single-sex (women-only) at Cambridge: Murray Edwards (New Hall) and Newnham . The oldest extant mixed-sex institute of higher education in the United States is Oberlin College in Oberlin, Ohio , which was established in 1833. Mixed-sex classes were admitted to
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