60-861: North Kent College is a college of Further and Higher Education located across campuses in Dartford and Gravesend and Tonbridge in Kent , England , with Partner College status with the University of Greenwich , particularly the Greenwich Maritime Institute . Its original constituents include the Gravesend Technical College and the National Sea Training School (NSTC). They also own Hadlow College based near Tonbridge - Kent's only rural and land-based college. Each campus has
120-752: A British company. This amounted to: 59,413,000 GT or alternatively 75,265,000 DWT . This is according to the annual maritime shipping statistics provided by the British Government and the Department for Transport . In the last decade, ship numbers have continued to decline. In 2023, the British Ship Register had reduced to 1,054 ships. As a signatory to the STCW Convention UK ships are commanded by deck officers and engineering officers . Officers undergo 3 years of training, known as
180-482: A cadetship at one of the approved maritime colleges in the United Kingdom. These include Warsash Maritime Academy , South Tyneside College , Fleetwood , Plymouth University and City of Glasgow College . Cadets usually have a choice of two academic routes: Foundation Degree or Higher National Diploma . Successful completion of this results in a qualification in marine operations or marine engineering. Generally
240-613: A crew composed of many Indians, Chinese or African sailors. Crews from outside Britain were usually drawn from areas in which the ship traded, so Far East trading ships had either Singapore or Hong Kong crews, banana boats had West Indian crews, ships trading to West Africa and Southern Africa had African crews and ships trading to the Indian Ocean (including East Africa) had crews from the Indian subcontinent . Crews made up of recruits from Britain itself were commonly used on ships trading across
300-470: A different specialist area, however Computing and Information Technology , Foundation Studies , Hair and Beauty , Office Administration , Secretarial Studies and Sport and Leisure Management are covered at both the Dartford and Gravesend campuses. Oakfield Lane, Dartford is the location of the largest campus. It houses the main administration centre and the greatest number of students, including most of
360-399: A higher amount of "Outstanding" judgments compared to school sixth forms and further education colleges. Scotland does not, in general, have separate sixth form colleges (or, indeed, the same concept of the terminal two years of secondary education as being distinct from the other time spent there); as such, Scottish students who opt to remain in full-time education will typically remain in
420-478: A local sixth form college, or go to a more vocational further education college , although in some places not all these options are available. Some places only provide tertiary colleges , a "combination" between sixth form and further education colleges. In the independent sector including public schools , sixth forms are an integral part of secondary schools, and there are also a number of smaller-scale independent sixth form colleges. In Scotland and Wales, education
480-490: A range of areas, including; Both the Dartford and Gravesend and Tonbridge Campuses contain large eating areas open to all students at the college, as well as corner shops There are also 'Student Zones' in the refectories offering Pool and Table Tennis facilities. All students are encouraged to take part in the Students Union, and their 'Learner Voice' initiative which encourages students to share their views on how to make
540-528: A seagoing cadet officer; apply to one of several training programmes elsewhere; or go to sea immediately by applying directly to a merchant shipping company at about age 17. Then there would be three years (with prior training or four years without) of seagoing experience aboard ship, in work-clothes and as mates with the deck crew, under the direction of the bo'sun cleaning bilges , chipping paint, polishing brass, cement washing freshwater tanks, and holystoning teak decks, and studying navigation and seamanship on
600-601: A specialist agency of the UK Department of Transport. British merchant ships are registered under the UK or Red Ensign group ship registries. British Merchant Navy deck officers and ratings are certificated and trained according to STCW Convention and the syllabus of the Merchant Navy Training Board in maritime colleges and other training institutes around the UK. King George V bestowed the title of "Merchant Navy" on
660-464: A warrant on board the vessel. Bermuda (historically part of British North America , but left out of the Confederation of Canada ) flies the red ensign also as a territorial flag on land, as did other British North American colonies that still do so as Provinces of modern Canada , including Ontario (other British Overseas Territories that fly a nautical ensign as the territorial flag on land use
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#1733084973040720-433: Is a non-government school which has sixth form education and its A Level is independent of those offered by its counterpart. Along with International School Brunei which offers the program International Baccalaureate Diploma instead of A Levels after the completion of International General Certificate of Secondary Education in their lower secondary year. Another school, Hassanal Bolkiah Boys' Arabic Secondary School ,
780-564: Is a government sixth form centre for students in the specialised Arabic stream. Instead of A Level subjects, students generally learn subjects pertaining to Islamic knowledge in Arabic medium. The schooling culminates in the sitting of Sijil Tinggi Pelajaran Ugama Brunei (STPUB) , translatable as the Higher Certificate of Brunei Religious Education. They may then proceed to Islamic universities, locally or abroad such as Al-Azhar University . In
840-475: Is a sustainable construction training and research centre used to demonstrate sustainable building materials, technologies and techniques. The Learning Shop is a joint initiative between the college, the Department for Work and Pensions and Bluewater Shopping Centre , aiming to support the local community with workplace skills, such as Customer Service Training, C.V Writing and Support with Retail Interview Techniques. The National Maritime Training Centre covers
900-712: Is a task no less essential to my people's experience than that allotted to the Navy, Army and Air Force. Upon you, the Nation depends for much of its foodstuffs and raw materials and for the transport of its troops overseas. You have a long and glorious history, and I am proud to bear the title "Master of the Merchant Navy and Fishing Fleets". I know that you will carry out your duties with resolution and with fortitude, and that high chivalrous traditions of your calling are safe in your hands. God keep you and prosper you in your great task. During
960-515: Is an educational institution, where students aged 16 to 19 study typically for advanced post-school level qualifications such as A Levels , Business and Technology Education Council level 3 (BTEC), and the International Baccalaureate Diploma , or school-level qualifications such as General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) examinations and BTEC level 2 qualifications. In many countries this type of educational institute
1020-534: Is known as a junior college . The municipal government of the city of Paris uses the phrase 'sixth form college' as the English name for a lycée (high school). In England and the Caribbean, education is currently compulsory until the end of Year 13, the school year in which the pupil turns 18. In the English state educational system, pupils may either stay at a secondary school with an attached sixth form , transfer to
1080-603: Is located at the Tonbridge Campus and offers a wide array of dishes, all prepared and served by students at the college. The college has a few notable achievements; it is a leading trainer of staff for the merchant mariners and in 1999 the college was the first UK educational establishment to start a full-time Higher Education course in Professional writing . The college also broke a world record in September 2015 to celebrate
1140-444: Is one of types of education prior continuing to degree level. Modeled after the United Kingdom's sixth form, it is divided into two level, the lower sixth form and the upper sixth. It is usually taken by students at the age of 18 after completing Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia . Before finishing their sixth form education, all the students are required to sit for Sijil Tinggi Pelajaran Malaysia or Sijil Tinggi Agama Malaysia. Starting 2023,
1200-464: Is only compulsory until the end of Year 11. Students at sixth form college typically study for two years (known as Years 1 and 2 – Years 13 and 14 in Northern Ireland – or lower sixth and upper sixth). Some students sit AS examinations at the end of the first year, and A-level examinations at the end of the second. These exams are called C.A.P.E. (Caribbean Advanced Proficiency Examination) in
1260-612: Is presently housed in Sayyidina Ali Secondary School , sharing facilities with the secondary education. There is no sixth form education in Temburong – prospective students go to sixth form colleges in Brunei-Muara where they may stay in dormitories. Almost all sixth form schools are government schools . Five of them provide education leading up to Brunei-Cambridge GCE A Level qualification. Jerudong International School
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#17330849730401320-695: The Blue Ensign which in Bermuda is only flown from civil government vessels such as ferry boats). House flags are personal and designed by a company. A house flag is displayed on a port halyard of a Yardarm . A number of notable Merchant Navy personnel include: Members of the UK Merchant Navy have been awarded the Victoria Cross , George Cross , George Medal , Distinguished Service Order , and Distinguished Service Cross for their actions while serving in
1380-609: The Far East . The lucrative trades in sugar , contraband opium to China, spices , and tea (carried by ships such as the Cutty Sark ) helped to entrench this dominance in the 19th century. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, maritime education expanded to train merchant navy officers. For example, in 1855 Leith Nautical College provided training for seafarers in Scotland. Other maritime colleges developed in this period included
1440-573: The Further and Higher Education Act 1992 transferred all institutions within the sector to the Further Education Funding Council for England (FEFC), a national agency with strategic responsibility for the operation of general further education (FE) colleges. This effectively made them legislatively indistinguishable from further education colleges. Later the FEFC's functions were taken over by
1500-635: The Learning and Skills Council (LSC), a reorganisation that included changes in the funding and supervision of sixth form colleges. These colleges take responsibility for their own employment, pensions and pay arrangements with the support and advice of the Sixth Form Colleges' Association (SFCA, formerly SFCF). The SFCA is made up of representative principals from SFCs across the UK. The SFCA sets up several committees to deliver its range of support services for SFCs as well as facilitating lobbying work with
1560-476: The Maritime and Coastguard Agency . Successful completion of the oral exam will result in the award of a certificate of competency. This is the international qualification, issued by the UK government which allows an officer to work in their qualified capacity on board a ship. Certificates are issued for different ranks and as such an officer will usually return to complete a subsequent series of studies until they reach
1620-538: The Welsh Baccalaureate and Key Skills qualifications. British Merchant Navy The British Merchant Navy is the collective name given to British civilian ships and their associated crews, including officers and ratings. In the UK, it is simply referred to as the Merchant Navy or MN. Merchant Navy vessels fly the Red Ensign and the ships and crew are regulated by the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA),
1680-503: The 17th century, when an attempt was made to register all seafarers as a source of labour for the Royal Navy in times of conflict. That registration of merchant seafarers failed, and it was not successfully implemented until 1835. The merchant fleet grew over successive years to become the world's foremost merchant fleet, benefiting considerably from trade with British possessions in India and
1740-576: The British merchant shipping fleets following their service in the First World War ; a number of other nations have since adopted the title. Previously it had been known as the Mercantile Marine or Merchant Service , although the term "Merchant Navy" was already informally used from the 19th century. The British Merchant Navy was historically one of the largest ship registries and source of crew in
1800-511: The Caribbean. A variety of vocational courses have also been added to the curriculum. There are currently over 90 sixth form colleges in England and Wales. Most of these perform extremely well in national examination league tables. In addition, they offer a broader range of courses at a lower cost per student than most school sixth forms. In a few areas, authorities run sixth-form schools which function like sixth-form colleges but are completely under
1860-738: The English-speaking Caribbean, there are many sixth form colleges, usually attached to secondary schools. Students must usually attain a grade A-C in 1–3 in the Caribbean Examinations Council (C.X.C) CSEC examinations before proceeding onto the sixth form to sit the CAPE examinations. Students that fail these exams are not accepted into the sixth form program and can do either: courses in other further education facilities, or begin work with high school degrees. The sixth form in Malaysia
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1920-540: The Falklands War and provided forty vessels, including transports, tankers and other vessels, with a total of 500,000 grt. The merchant ship SS Atlantic Conveyor , being used to ferry Harrier fighters and other aircraft to the South Atlantic, was lost during the conflict after being struck by an air-launched Exocet missile. The ship's captain, Ian North, and 11 other crew members died in the attack which constituted
1980-604: The First World War was around 7,759,090 tons, and around 14,661 merchant seafarers were killed. In honour of the sacrifice made by merchant seafarers in the First World War, George V granted the title "Merchant Navy" to the companies. In 1928 George V gave Edward, Prince of Wales the title of "Master of the Merchant Navy and Fishing Fleets"; which he retained after his accession to the throne in January 1936 and relinquished only at his abdication that December. Since Edward VIII,
2040-408: The Merchant Navy lay wreaths of remembrance alongside the armed forces in the annual Remembrance Day service on 11 November. Following many years of lobbying to bring about official recognition of the sacrifices made by merchant seafarers in the two world wars and since, Merchant Navy Day became an official day of remembrance on 3 September 2000. The merchant navy was also called upon to serve during
2100-464: The Merchant Navy. Recipients must be nominated by someone other than themselves, with at least two written letters of support and are normally required to have completed 20 years service in the Merchant Navy (although in exceptional circumstances it may be less). The British Merchant Navy consists of various private shipping companies. Over the decades many companies have come and gone, merged, changed their name or changed owners. British Shipping
2160-867: The Merchant Navy. Canadian Philip Bent , ex-British Merchant Navy, joined the British Army at the outbreak of World War I and won the Victoria Cross . Members of the Merchant Navy who served in either World War also received relevant campaign medals . In the Second World War many Merchant Navy members received the King's Commendation for Brave Conduct . Lloyd's of London awarded the Lloyd's War Medal for Bravery at Sea to 541 Merchant Navy personnel for their bravery in 1939–45. Many Royal Humane Society medals and awards have been conferred on Merchant Navy seafarers for acts of humanity in both war and peacetime. In September 2016
2220-552: The North Atlantic, to South America and to Australia and New Zealand. Despite maintaining its dominant position for many decades, the decline of the British Empire , the rise of the use of the flag of convenience , and foreign competition led to the decline of the merchant fleet. For example, in 1939 the Merchant Navy was the largest in the world with 33% of total tonnage. By 2012, the Merchant Navy – while still remaining one of
2280-519: The Royal Navy, the convoys successfully imported enough supplies to allow an Allied victory. Between 1941 and 1949, the SR Merchant Navy class steam locomotives were built in the UK. Each locomotive of the class was named after British shipping lines from the Second World War, principally those operating out of Southampton . In honour of the sacrifices made in both World Wars, representatives of
2340-421: The Second World War, German U-boats sank nearly 14.7 million tons of Allied shipping, which amounted to 2,828 ships (around two-thirds of the total allied tonnage lost). The United Kingdom alone suffered the loss of 11.7 million tons, which was 54% of the total Merchant Navy fleet at the outbreak of the Second World War. 32,000 merchant seafarers were killed aboard convoy vessels in the war, but along with
2400-734: The South Tyneside Marine and Technical College, founded 1861 (now the South Tyneside College ) and the Southampton School of Navigation, 1902 (now the Warsash Maritime School ). In the First and Second World Wars , the merchant service suffered heavy losses from German U-boat attacks. A policy of unrestricted warfare meant that merchant seafarers were at risk of attack from enemy ships. The tonnage lost to U-boats in
2460-527: The UK Government introduced the Merchant Navy Medal for Meritorious Service . The medal is awarded: "to those who are serving or have served in the Merchant Navy and fishing fleets of the UK, Isle of Man or Channel Islands for exemplary service and devotion to duty, rewarding those who have set an outstanding example to others." It is the first state award for meritorious service in the history of
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2520-725: The UK. The Merchant Navy Welfare Board administers the MN fund for charitable support. Other charities include the Shipwrecked' Mariners Society , the Seafarer's Charity, the Scottish Nautical Welfare Society and the Scottish Shipping Benevolent Association. Ensigns are displayed at the stern of the vessel or displayed on the gaff , on a yardarm . Red Ensigns can be defaced, those can only be flown with
2580-403: The bridge in uniform, under the direction of an officer, before taking exams to become a second mate . Historically, the composition of the crew on UK ships was diverse. This was a characteristic of the extant of the shipping companies trade, the extent of the British Empire and the availability of crew in different ports. One ship might have a largely all British crew, while another might have
2640-501: The central government. Colleges for the most part do not charge full-time daytime students; however, adult students (most of whom attend evening classes) may have to pay a fee (for examinations, tutors' time and other costs). There are also some sixth form colleges in the independent sector, specialising in A levels for which fees are paid; these are unconnected with the SFCA. Ofsted statistics from 2006/2007 show that sixth form colleges have
2700-550: The change of their name from 'North West Kent College' to 'North Kent College'. They succeeded to break the record for largest human currency symbol at the Dartford Campus The college has had a number of notable alumni, including; 51°25′57″N 0°12′14″E / 51.43250°N 0.20389°E / 51.43250; 0.20389 Sixth form college A sixth form college ( pre-university college in Malaysia)
2760-451: The college a better place. All the campuses including Dartford, Gravesend and Tonbridge campuses contain a large number of facilities which are open to students and the public. Both the Dartford and Gravesend campuses contain purpose built childcare facilities focusing on creating a health educational environment for children. There are hair and beauty salons located at Dartford, Gravesend and Tonbridge campuses which are run by students at
2820-686: The college's Higher Education work. It specialises in Access to Higher Education , Accounting , Art and Design , Business , Management and Retail Studies , Professional Care , Media , Multimedia , Performing Arts , Photography , Public Services and Sport. Dering Way, Gravesend is the second largest campus. Specialises in Air Conditioning , Construction and Building Services , Electrical and Mechanical Engineering , Electronics , Hotel and Catering , Motor Vehicle , Refrigeration and Travel and Tourism . Brook Street, Tonbridge I SusCon
2880-681: The college. Miskin Radio is a radio station run by media students at the college to provide them with a lifelike working environment. It focuses on the North Kent areas. The Miskin Theatre is located within the Dartford Campus and Tonbridge Campus and provides training for young actors, musicians, dancers and technicians. The Gallery restaurant is situated at the Gravesend Campus and The View Restaurant
2940-732: The control of the local education authorities. Unlike further education colleges, sixth-form colleges rarely accept part-time students or run evening classes, although there is one boarding sixth-form college, Peter Symonds College , which takes Falkland Islands students for sixth form. There are a few schools in Brunei providing sixth form education. Five of them are dedicated sixth form colleges, with four located in Brunei-Muara District and one in Tutong District . Belait has yet to have its own sixth form centre and sixth form education
3000-416: The costs of a cadetship will be met by sponsorship from a UK shipping company. During the three years of training, cadets also go to sea, for a period of a year or more, usually spread across the cadetship. This affords a practical education, that along with the academic time in college prepares a candidate for a separate and final oral exam. This oral exam is carried out with a master mariner at an office of
3060-411: The first loss of a British merchant navy ship to an armed attack since the Second World War. Historically a person wishing to become a captain , or master prior to about 1969, had three choices: to attend one of the three elite naval schools from the age of 12, the fixed-base HMS Conway and HMS Worcester or Pangbourne Nautical College , which would automatically lead to an apprenticeship as
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#17330849730403120-807: The highest qualification. The first UK deck officer certificates of competency were issued in 1845, conducted then, as now, by a final oral exam with a master mariner. The training regime for officers is set out in the official syllabus of the Merchant Navy Training Board . This training still encompasses all of the traditional trades such as celestial navigation, ship stability, general cargo and seamanship, but now includes training in business, legislation, law, and computerisation for deck officers and marine engineering principles, workshop technology, steam propulsion, motor (diesel) propulsion, auxiliaries, mechanics, thermodynamics, engineering drawing, ship construction, marine electrics as well as practical workshop training for engineering officers. Traditionally and still now,
3180-496: The largest in the world – held only 3% of total tonnage. In 2010 the Merchant Navy consisted of 504 UK registered ships of 1,000 gross tonnage (GT) or over. In addition, UK merchant marine interests possessed a further 308 ships registered in other countries and 271 foreign-owned ships were registered in the UK. In 2012 British merchant marine interests consisted of 1,504 ships of 100 GT or over. This included ships either directly UK-owned, parent-owned or managed by
3240-618: The radio officer (colloquially known as 'sparks') replaced by changes in technology and the requirement under the STCW Convention for deck officers to hold individual certification in the GMDSS system. Electro-technical officers (ETO) also serve aboard some ships and are trained to fix and maintain the more complex systems. In 2023, the UK Merchant Navy had 10,930 certificated officers, 10,180 ratings, 1,450 merchant navy cadets and 1,540 other officers. Merchant navy related charities are active in
3300-596: The same school for fifth and sixth year (the equivalent to the English lower- and upper-sixth forms), studying Higher Grade and Advanced Higher qualifications. Higher Grade qualifications can be taken in both the fifth and sixth years. In Wales , sixth form education falls under the remit of the Senedd (the Welsh Parliament), and sixth form colleges are sources of further education alongside FE colleges and sixth forms integrated into secondary schools. They typically offer
3360-445: The ships ratings are supervised by the bosun , as overseen by a responsible deck officer, usually the chief mate . A ship may also have different sub-departments, such as the galley, radio department or hospitality services, overseen by a chief cook, radio officer or chief steward. Many of these roles have now changed, as ships crews have become smaller in commercial shipping. On most ships the radio department has disappeared, along with
3420-437: The sixth form education has undergo a reform due to lack of interest among SPM leavers. Sixth form colleges has been renamed Pre-University College with the leadership has been change from Principal to Director. This is reflecting to the reality of tertiary education instead of secondary education, in which the Form 6 has been viewed as still a part of secondary school. The first comprehensive intake sixth form college in England
3480-453: The title has been held by the sovereigns George VI and Elizabeth II . When the United Kingdom and the British Empire entered the Second World War in September 1939, George VI issued this message: In these anxious days, I would like to express to all Officers and Men and in the British Merchant Navy and the British Fishing Fleets my confidence in their unfailing determination to play their vital part in defence. To each one I would say: Yours
3540-472: The world, with 33% of global tonnage registered in 1939. However, since the mid 20th century, the number of shipowners, ships, officers and crew have declined dramatically as a result of globalisation and the rise of flags of convenience. As of 2023, the British Merchant Navy numbered 1,054 ships. The Merchant Navy has been in existence for a significant period in English and British history, owing its growth to trade and imperial expansion. It can be dated back to
3600-624: Was established in 1966 in Luton, Bedfordshire; Luton Sixth Form College took its first intake of students in September that year. Since then sixth form colleges have spread across England and have proved popular with students, their parents, and other groups in the community. By the start of 1976, 22 non-metropolitan counties had sixth forms, totalling 68 colleges; three of these counties had tertiary colleges . From 1991, sixth form colleges were permitted to provide some vocational courses approved by BTEC . Until 1992, these colleges were controlled and funded by local education authorities (LEAs), but
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