Edith Grøn (19 February 1917 – 15 March 1990) was a Danish-born Nicaraguan sculptor. She is considered to be the most significant 20th-century Nicaraguan sculptor. Her works are featured in public spaces throughout Nicaragua and abroad.
31-862: Grøn is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: Edith Grøn (1917–1990), Danish-born Nicaraguan sculptor Kristian Fredrik Grøn (1855–1931), Norwegian dermatologist Øyvind Grøn (born 1944), Norwegian physicist v t e Surnames derived from the color Green English / Celtic Green , Greene Other Germanic Grøn , Grønn , Grön , Groen , deGroen/vanGroen, Grün /Gruen Romance Verde Verdi Slavic Zelenak , Zelenin , Zelenka/Zelenková , Zelenko , Zelenović , Zeleny /Zelenyi, Zeliony , Zelyony , Zelenoy , Zelensky , Zelinka , Zelinski , Zieliński Other Hungarian: Zöld [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with
62-491: A boxer and fireman, and because of his physique, became her model for several sculptures, including the muscles for the athletes of El Relevo . According to her biographer, José Vivó, The Relay is known internationally as a symbol for the transfer of wisdom and knowledge. Grøn held her first solo exhibit at the National Palace of Culture in 1953, exhibiting large Costumbrismo sculptures of figures and several nudes. For
93-604: A historian who visited this area in 1855–1856 the name Matagalpa means Cabeza Principal (Main Head) or Pueblo Grande (Big Town) from the Matagalpa indigenous language words: Maika=Head, Calpul* Town- But according to the Matagalpan linguist father Guillermo Kiene , a Catholic priest and missionary who lived from 1898 to 1959, the word Matagalpa comes from the Sumo language , and means "let's go where
124-648: A la Madre was installed in Boaco . Grøn sculpted in clay, stone and wood, and molded in concrete and various metals. Her initial works were realistic and she strove for perfection, but she was influenced by the Romanian modernist Constantin Brâncuși , which led her to shift to more stylized forms. In 1960, she completed a statue of General José Dolores Estrada for the Nicaraguan Association of Writers and Artists. She
155-662: A sculpture of Rubén Darío, located at the Central Bank of Nicaragua , which is the most reproduced depiction of the author in the country; and a bust of Darío completed in 1964, which adorns the National Theater bearing his name. Between 1959 and 1980, Grøn sculpted more than 300 works. They are held not only in Nicaragua, but in Belgium, Colombia, Costa Rica, Denmark, France, Germany, Mexico, Peru, and Spain, among other countries. She
186-540: Is a city in Nicaragua which is the capital of the department of Matagalpa . The city has a population of 112,697 (2022 estimate), while the population of the department is 606,643. Matagalpa is Nicaragua's seventh largest city, the largest in the country's interior, and one of the most commercially active outside of Managua . Matagalpa is known as the "Pearl of the North" and "Land of Eternal Spring." According to Jeronimo Perez,
217-528: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles Edith Gr%C3%B8n Edith Dorthe Grøn was born on 19 February 1917 in Copenhagen , Denmark to Sofie (née Rasmussen) and Vilhelm Andersen Grøn. When she was 6 years old, in 1923, her family, which included her brother Niels, migrated to Nicaragua because her mother had been advised a warmer climate would help her arthritis. Her mother's illness coupled with
248-584: Is in front of the post office of Managua; a monument to Andrés Castro Estrada, which was commissioned in 1956 by students and teachers, who had trained with the educator Miguel Ramírez Goyena [ es ] ; a work on José Dolores Estrada which stands at the Masaya entrance to the Tiscapa Lagoon Natural Reserve ; a statue of Cacique Diriangén which adorns the park Las Piedrecitas in Managua;
279-483: Is known for its coffee, its cattle, milk products, vegetables, flowers and mountains popular with ecotourists . It is the location of such storied mountain tourist resorts as Aranjuez , Santa Maria de Ostuma , and Selva Negra Mountain Resort . A large part of the economy in Matagalpa depends on eco-tourism. Nature hikes, walks, and excursions are very common throughout Matagalpa, and the northern region on Nicaragua. One of
310-952: The Caribbean . ( Nicaragua 's Spanish colonization originated from the direction of the Pacific Ocean, which was called the Southern Sea by the Spaniards. Matagalpa is located in the continental divide between the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea . Many stories are preserved from colonial times about the British-controlled Mosquito Coast , and the Spanish-colonized Pacific area. Gold was discovered around Matagalpa by 1840. Along with many Spaniards and Mestizos, it attracted German, American and British immigrants. Two of
341-476: The Sandinista Front in 1961. Currently the department of Matagalpa is the second most populous in Nicaragua after the national capital ( Managua ), and the most diversified in production. Over the past few years Matagalpa has experienced a large influx of migrants (mainly peasants ) from other departments, causing stress on infrastructure and the environment. Matagalpa has a panoramic highway that starts in
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#1732876666317372-470: The surname Grøn . If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grøn&oldid=1086715146 " Categories : Surnames Danish-language surnames Norwegian-language surnames Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description
403-623: The 350th anniversary of the indigenous revolt against the Spanish conquistador Gil González Dávila , Grøn sculpted an image of Cacique Diriangén to depict his courage and resistance. In 1964, she sculpted a bust of Darío from white Guatemalan marble, which has become an iconic image of the poet. In the 1970s, Grøn developed mouth cancer and went to the MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston for chemotherapy. She began losing her sight in 1981 and
434-508: The Mexican press and secured her a scholarship at Columbia University in New York City. The sculpture was the figure of a crying child who had been whipped as a form of punishment. In 1946, she entered Columbia, studying ceramics and sculpture, completing her studies in 1948 and returning to Nicaragua. From 1940 to 1952, Grøn was in a relationship with Silvio Turcios, known as Bill. He was
465-622: The Rubén Darío Art Prize, for her work Amo Muerto , which was then exhibited at the National Palace of Culture . The sculpture depicted a dog mourning at the grave of its young owner. Wanting to further her studies, Grøn moved to Mexico City in 1944 to study at the Academy of San Carlos with Fidias Elizondo [ es ] . She studied Classic Arts and Architecture and in 1944, exhibited El Puntigado , which received notice in
496-502: The Spanish to submit them, even at the time of Nicaragua Independence in 1821, there were many Cacaopera free in the central mountains of Nicaragua. In 1856 they were decisive to defeat William Walker's filibusters in the Battle of San Jacinto on 14 September 1856, where a column of 60 Cacaopera people with bow and arrows fought at the side of Nicaraguan Patriots winning that battle, which marked
527-615: The area. In 1923 some Danish immigrants also came to Matagalpa, and settled in the highlands as well. Most of the Danish families went back to Denmark. Three families stayed: the Gröns, the Möllers, and the Petersens. Matagalpa was also the city of refuge for many Nicaraguans escaping the invasion of Tennessean filibuster William Walker who took over much of the country and government in 1856. In Matagalpa
558-454: The better known immigrants of this period were Ludwig Elster (from Hannover ) and his wife Katharina Braun (from Schwarzwald, Germany Black Forest ) who planted the first coffee trees in the area, the beans from which quickly went to market in Germany. Coffee agriculture attracted more than 120 European immigrants, many of whom married Matagalpan women, and many of their descendants still live in
589-498: The car, and she flew through the windshield, breaking all the bones in her face. After numerous surgeries, performed by missionary doctors visiting from North America, she recovered, but remained scarred. In 1942, she entered the National School of Fine Arts ( Spanish : Escuela Nacional de Bellas Artes ), studying under Genaro Amador Lira , along with students like Roberto de la Selva and Fernando Saravia . In 1943, Grøn won
620-595: The centennial celebration of the Battle of San Jacinto , she sculpted Andrés Castro Estrada [ es ] , which was installed at the Hacienda San Jacinto in 1956. In 1958, she produced a sculpture of the head of journalist Gabry Rivas and that same year, she was decorated with the Order of Rubén Darío by the government of Nicaragua. The following year, she completed a monument dedicated to mothers, commissioned by historian Julián N. Guerrero. The statue, Monumento
651-789: The city of Matagalpa and extends 30 kilometres (19 miles) to the city of Jinotega . Scenic views extend up to 140 kilometres (87 miles) away, to the volcanic range near the Pacific coast. Many historians, archeologists, botanists and ethnologists have arrived in recent years to do research in this region. American and European descendants of the first settlers are also returning to visit the historical homes of their ancestors. Matagalpa produces and exports beef, cheese, coffee, cacao , onions, tomatoes and mixed fruits and vegetables. For local consumption it produces flowers, wood, corn, beans, fruits (oranges, grapefruits, bananas, plantains) and many kinds of vegetables such as broccoli, and cauliflower. Matagalpa
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#1732876666317682-539: The country several times, the family finally settled in Managua , where Vilhelm owned and operated a restaurant known as La Casa Dinamarca ("The Denmark House"). From an early age, she enjoyed producing artworks, first with paint and then clay. Grøn completed both her primary and secondary education at the Colegio Bautista in Managua. In 1931, Grøn was involved in a serious car accident, when her father lost control of
713-534: The economic depression which existed in Denmark after World War I , prompted Vilhelm to bring the family to Central America . The family came with an immigration company which had contracted with the Nicaraguan government to resettle up to 2,000 Danish families in the country. One hundred settlers came in her migration group, which initially settled on a farm in the mountainous area around Matagalpa . After moving about
744-564: The end of Walker's adventure in Nicaragua. That quest has been recognized by historians and archaeologists, and there is a popular movement to declare the Cacaopera as National Heroes by the Congress of the Republic next month of September 2011. Matagalpa was an existing indigenous town when the first Spaniards came to this region by 1528 during an attempt to find a water passage to the "Northern Sea",
775-491: The most recognized eco-tourism sites is Selva Negra Wildlife Refuge, with over 120 hectares (300 acres) of land dedicated to the conservation of the area's diverse flora and fauna. Matagalpa, along with nearby Jinotega , enjoy "eternal spring" or all year, spring-like weather. Matagalpa lies more than 700 m (2,297 ft) above sea level with the average temperature ranging from 26 to 28 °C (79 to 82 °F)., and relative humidity between 75% and 85%. Average rainfall
806-570: The patriots organized the Ejército del Septentrión ("Army of the North"), which fought in and won the Battle of San Jacinto , assisted by 60 Matagalpa, on 14 September 1856, helping to end Walker's rule. Matagalpa Department was also the birthplace of Rubén Darío , 1867-1916; Nazario Vega, Governor and builder of the Cathedral; Bartolomé Martínez , President of Nicaragua, 1923–24; Matias Baldizon Morales, 1820-1886, and Carlos Fonseca Amador , founder of
837-550: The rocks are." There have been other descriptions of the word Matagalpa: -Here next to the water, and -Among Mountains ( "Aquí junto al agua" y "Entre Montañas"). These descriptions are believed to be related to the geographic location of the city, which is next to the Grand River of Matagalpa, and also surrounded by mountains. Matagalpa was originally an indigenous village. The Cacaopera people , or Matagalpa had their own language , which has been extinct since 1875. A document from
868-638: The year 1855 with 97 words and phrases from the Matagalpa language can be found in the Daniel G. Brinton section of the American Philosophical Library in Philadelphia . The Matagalpa made ceramics of a style known as "Ceramica Negra" and "Naranja Segovia", they also built stone statues representing their chieftain and warriors. They were feared by the Spanish because they were very brave and effective with their bows and other arms. It took 300 years for
899-413: Was forced to change to painting and inlay works with wood. Some of her most known paintings include: Muchacha en la hamaca ( Girl in a hammock ), Cándida , Desnudo ( The nude ), and Llanto después del desastre ( Tears after the disaster ), which was a reference to the 1972 Nicaraguan earthquake . Numerous sculptures by Grøn adorn public places in Nicaragua, such as El Relevo , (The Relay) which
930-655: Was honored with the Rubén Darío Order of Cultural Independence in 1989. Grøn died from throat cancer on 15 March 1990 in Managua. In 2007, an exhibit of photographs of the sculptor and her works was presented at the Institute of Hispanic Culture of the Spanish embassy. In 2010, the Spanish writer, Joseph M. Vivó, published Edith Grön, Biografía de una Escultora (Edith Grön, Biography of a sculptor) to preserve her cultural legacy. Matagalpa, Nicaragua Matagalpa ( Spanish pronunciation: [mataˈɣalpa] )
961-420: Was known for her sculptures of Rubén Darío , and also depicted personalities such as Josefa Toledo de Aguerri , Pablo Antonio Cuadra , among others. A 1958 sculpture of Darío was installed in a Miami, Florida park in 1961. That same year, Grøn carved a stone head of Darío clothed in a Carthusian habit , titling it La Cartuja , in reference to the poet's 1913 work on the same theme. In 1962 to commemorate