28-546: G. Govindan was an Indian politician and former Member of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu . He was elected to the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly as an Indian National Congress candidate from Paramakudi constituency in 1952 election . This article about an Indian National Congress politician from Tamil Nadu is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Member of
56-652: A bicameral legislature consisting of an upper house, the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Council and a lower house, the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly. Wali Mohammad Itoo of the National Conference was speaker of the assembly between 7 July 1983 and 31 July 1984. In 2019, Article 370 of the Constitution of India , which gave special status to Jammu and Kashmir, was abrogated and Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act
84-575: A Chief Minister or a minister, he must become an MLA within 6 months to continue in the job. Only a Member of the Legislative Assembly can become the Speaker of the Legislature. In states where there are two houses, there is a State Legislative Council , and a State Legislative Assembly . In such a case, the Legislative Council is the upper house , while the Legislative Assembly is the lower house of
112-494: A provision for having an even smaller number of members in the Legislative Assembly. Puducherry has 33 members out of which 3 are nominated by central government. Mizoram and Goa have only 40 members each. Sikkim has 32. All members of the Legislative Assembly are elected based on adult franchise , and one member is elected from one constituency. Until January 2020, the President had the power to nominate two Anglo Indians to
140-550: A time. The Legislative Council is the upper house of the State. Just like the Rajya Sabha , it is a permanent House. The members of the state's upper house are selected based on the strength of each party in the lower house and by state gubernatorial nomination. The term is six years, and a third of the members of the House retire after every two years. The upper house of a state assembly, unlike
168-580: The Jammu and Kashmir Vidhan Sabha , is the legislature of Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir . Prior to 2019, the State of Jammu and Kashmir had a bicameral legislature with a legislative assembly (lower house) and a legislative council (upper house). The Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act , passed by the Parliament of India in August 2019, replaced this with a unicameral legislature while also re-organising
196-716: The Lok Sabha and the Governor had the power to nominate one member from the Anglo Indian community deems fit if the governor thinks that they are not adequately represented in the Assembly. In January 2020, the Anglo-Indian reserved seats in the Parliament and State legislatures of India were abolished by the 104th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019 . Up to three MLAs can be nominated in
224-612: The Lok Sabha , the lower house of India's bicameral parliament . There are also members in three unicameral legislatures in Union Territories : the Delhi Legislative Assembly , Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly and the Puducherry Legislative Assembly . Only a Member of the Legislative Assembly can work as a minister for more than 6 months. If a non-Member of the Legislative Assembly becomes
252-502: The 1947 election. After the accession of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir to the Union of India in 1947, the Maharaja ceded powers to a popular government headed by Sheikh Abdullah. Elections for a constituent assembly were held in 1951, in which Abdullah's National Conference won all 75 seats. In 1957, a new constitution was adopted by the constituent assembly, which established
280-521: The Kashmir division. With this, hindu majority Jammu with a population of 53 lakh (43% of the total population of 1.22 crore) will have 47% seats, while muslim majority Kashmir which has a population of 68 lakh (56%) will have 52% of the seats. The parliament passed the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation (Amendment) Bill 2023 which provides for reservation of 7 seats for the Scheduled Castes and 9 seats for
308-512: The Legislative Assembly (India) A member of the Legislative Assembly ( MLA ) is a representative elected by the voters of an electoral district (constituency) to the legislature of State government in the Indian system of government . From each constituency, the people elect one representative who then becomes a member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA). Each state has between seven and nine MLAs for every Member of Parliament (MP) that it has in
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#1732876628707336-526: The Legislative Assembly is five years. However, it may be dissolved earlier than that by the Governor at the request of the Chief Minister, when the Chief Minister has actual majority support in the Assembly. The Assembly may be dissolved earlier if no one can prove majority support and become Chief Minister. The term of the Legislative Assembly may be extended during an emergency, but not more than six months at
364-604: The Liberal Group headed by Pandit Ram Chander Dubey emerge as the largest party and the Muslim Conference as the second largest (with 14 seats). Further elections were held in 1938 and 1947. In 1939, the Muslim Conference party renamed itself to National Conference under the leadership of Sheikh Abdullah and opened its membership to people of all religions. It launched a Quit Kashmir movement in 1946 and boycotted
392-626: The President of India. Elected members of the Legislative Assembly along with the elected members of Parliament are involved in this process. Some parts of the Constitution can be amended by Parliament with the approval of half of the state legislatures. Thus, the state legislatures take part in the process of amendment to the Constitution. Members of Legislative Assembly by their political party (As of 25 November 2024 ) Party Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly Official Opposition (29) Nominated (5) Vacant (2) The Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly , also known as
420-636: The Scheduled Tribes. Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act , 2019 provides for nomination of 2 members to the Legislative Assembly by the Lieutenant Governor if women are not adequately represented in the house. Following amendment to the Act in 2023, the Lieutenant Governor may also nominate two representatives of Kashmiri migrant families (one seat reserved for woman) and one member to represent
448-488: The delimitation of the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. The commission published its interim report in February 2022. The final delimitation report was released on 5 May 2022 and it came into force from 20 May 2022. The Legislative Assembly was initially composed of 100 members, later increased to 111 by the then Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir (Twentieth Amendment) Act of 1988. Of these, 24 seats were designated for
476-538: The migrants from Pakistan occupied Kashmir (POK) . Members of the Legislative Assembly were elected for a six-year term up to 2019 and five-year term thereafter. The seats are filled by direct election from single member constituencies using the first past the post method. The assembly may be dissolved before the completion of the full term by the Lieutenant Governor upon the advice of the Chief Minister . The Lieutenant Governor may also convene special sessions of
504-409: The nominated women members. But after the passing of Women's Reservation Bill, 2023 it became 33%. Additionally, the Lieutenant Governor may nominate two representatives of Kashmiri migrant families to the assembly, one of which is reserved for woman. The qualifications to become a member of the Legislative Assembly are largely similar to the qualifications to be a member of Parliament. The term of
532-479: The protection of wild animals and birds. As regards money bills, the position is the same. Bills can originate only in the Legislative Assembly. The Legislative Council can either pass the bill within 14 days of the date of the receipt of the Bill or suggest changes to it within 14 days. These changes may or may not be accepted by the Assembly. The state legislature, besides making laws, has one electoral power, in electing
560-614: The state into a union territory . The 12th assembly was dissolved by the Governor on 21 November 2018. The 13th assembly was elected in September and October 2024. The first legislature of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir , called the Praja Sabha , was established by the government of the Maharaja Hari Singh in 1934. It had 33 elected seats, 30 nominated members and 12 ex-officio members. The first election in 1934 saw
588-444: The state legislature. The Governor shall not be a member of the Legislature or Parliament, shall not hold any office of profit, and shall be entitled to emoluments and allowances. (Article 158 of the Indian constitution). The Legislative Assembly consists of not more than 500 members and not fewer than 60. The biggest state, Uttar Pradesh , has 403 members in its Assembly. States which have small populations and are small in size have
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#1732876628707616-474: The territorial constituencies of the state that came under Pakistani control in 1947. These seats remained officially vacant as per section 48 of the then state constitution and now also in The Constitution of India. These seats were not taken into account for reckoning the total membership of the assembly, especially for deciding quorum and voting majorities for legislation and government formation. Hence
644-413: The total contestable and filled seats of the assembly were 87 seats. The Kashmir valley region had 46 seats, the Jammu region had 37 seats, and Ladakh region had 4 seats. Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act was passed to reconstitute the state of Jammu and Kashmir into union territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh . In March 2020, Delimitation Commission was formed for the delimitation of
672-468: The union territory of Puducherry by the central government who enjoy equal powers as elected MLAs. Interestingly, as clarified by the Supreme court of India, these MLAs hold the same voting powers as the elected MLAs. Between 1957 and 2019, before the abrogation of Article 370 and 35A of the Constitution of India , the former 89-member Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly had 2 seats reserved for
700-462: The union territory of Jammu and Kashmir prior to the next Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election . The delimitation report added additional 6 seats to the Jammu division and 1 seat to Kashmir division . After delimitation, the total seats in the assembly rose to 114 seats, out of which 24 seats are designated for areas that fall under Pakistan-occupied Kashmir . Out of the remaining 90 seats, 43 seats are in Jammu division and 47 seats are in
728-528: The upper house by the above-mentioned method, as the upper house causes unnecessary problems, expenditures and issues. The most important function of the legislature is law-making. The state legislature has the power to make laws on all items on which Parliament cannot legislate. Some of these items are police, prisons, irrigation, agriculture, local governments, public health, pilgrimage, and burial grounds. Some topics on which both Parliament and states can make laws are education, marriage and divorce, forests, and
756-412: The upper house of the Parliament, can be abolished by the lower house, if it passes a specific law bill, which states to dissolve the upper house, and gets it attested in both houses of parliament and then signed by the president into law. Only Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Telangana, and Uttar Pradesh have their upper houses in existence with a six-year term. All other states have abolished
784-448: Was passed to reconstitute the state of Jammu and Kashmir into union territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh with effect from 31 October 2019. The union territory of Jammu and Kashmir has a unicameral Legislative Assembly. The Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Council was formally abolished on 31 October 2019. In March 2020, a three-member Delimitation Commission was formed, chaired by retired Justice Ranjana Prakash Desai , for
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