21-475: The Glasgow Tolbooth was a municipal structure at Glasgow Cross , Glasgow , Scotland. The main block, which was the meeting place of the Royal Burgh of Glasgow, was demolished in 1921 leaving only the steeple standing. The steeple is a Category A listed building . The first tolbooth erected on the site at Glasgow Cross dated back at least to the mid-14th century. After it became ruinous, construction work on
42-610: A congregation now living further away the church was demolished in 1926, in order to allow space for a bus terminus and car parking. In the 1860s many streets, of houses, shops, warehouses, restaurants, hotels and inns, and theatres including the Theatre Royal in Dunlop Street, and David Brown`s Royal Music Hall, on the east side were demolished to make way for the railway lines of the Glasgow & South Western Railway Company crossing
63-452: A new tolbooth started in 1626. It was designed by the master of the works, John Boyd, in the Scottish baronial style , built in ashlar stone and was completed in 1634. The building was laid out in two parts: a five-storey main block and a seven-stage steeple at the east end. The design of the main block involved a symmetrical main frontage with six bays facing onto Trongate ; the ground floor
84-638: A night time light projection onto the steeple was installed, under the Climate Clock initiative. The projected deadline and lifeline statistics counted the time window before 1.5 °C warming becomes inevitable, and the percentage of global energy delivered through renewables, respectively. This initiative was implemented in anticipation of the COP-26 summit in Glasgow in November 2021. Glasgow Cross Glasgow Cross
105-681: Is at the hub of the ancient royal burgh and now city of Glasgow , Scotland, close to its first crossing over the River Clyde . It marks the notional boundary between the city centre and the East End As a major junction at the gateway into the city centre, its five streets run: north up the High Street to Glasgow Cathedral , Cathedral Square and the Royal Infirmary ; east along Gallowgate and London Road, close to St Andrew's Square ; south on
126-597: The Saltmarket to Glasgow Green and the Justiciary Buildings ; and west along Trongate continuing as Argyle Street towards St Enoch Square and Buchanan Street . Its most recognisable features are the Tolbooth Steeple, the surviving part of the 17th century Glasgow Tolbooth , and the mercat cross replica commissioned in 1929 by William George Black , and designed by architect Edith Hughes . Linked to
147-410: The 17th century included Donald Cargill and Robert Ker of Kersland . The tolbooth also incorporated the burgh chambers and a tavern and its steeple was 126 feet (38 m) high. The building continued in these uses until the authorities relocated to the new public offices in the Saltmarket in 1814. After being sold for commercial use, the tolbooth was renovated to a design by David Hamilton and
168-661: The Clyde. One of the major buildings on the square, which had to move, was the Faculty and Surgeons Hall of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow which moved to new premises 242 St Vincent Street on Blythswood Hill where the College remains today. St. Enoch Station opened in 1876, with its St. Enoch Hotel opening in 1879. The hotel was then the largest hotel in Glasgow, with over 200 bedrooms. The station and hotel were both one of
189-526: The Tolbooth stood the Tontine Hotel and its Assembly Rooms, designed from 1737 by architect Allan Dreghorn with adaptations in 1781 by architect William Hamilton of St Andrew's Square. The Tontine was the exchange centre of early mercantile business and the focal point of political and social gatherings. A number of artist paintings over the centuries depict Glasgow Cross, the Tolbooth and Tontine. In front of
210-552: The Tontine was placed the equestrian statue of King William III, erected in 1734; now sited at Cathedral Square . After the Tolbooth Steeple, the nearby Tron Theatre , formerly the Tron Kirk, built in 1794 is one of the oldest buildings in the city. The presently disused Glasgow Cross railway station sits beneath the junction. St Enoch Square St. Enoch Square is a public square in Glasgow , Scotland , situated south of
231-519: The area into a plaza like environment, housing large screens for broadcasting, and generally creating a more pleasant urban area for pedestrians. Refurbishment of the St Enoch Underground, created in 1896, began in 2014, and was completed in 2015, in an attempt to create a more modern and efficient environment. The £5.3 million contract involved replacing the entrances to the subway with new entrance canopies made of glass and steel, replacement of
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#1732884809665252-463: The first buildings to be lit by electricity in the city. The hotel eventually closed in 1974, and was used as a car park until work began on the indoor St. Enoch Centre in 1985, designed by Arup Associates and built by Sir Robert McAlpine & Sons . A £150 million refurbishment programme began in 2005. This work concluded in May 2010. Along with this work, St Enoch Square received an upgrade, transforming
273-576: The floor, wall and ceiling materials, and general upgrading of facilities and equipment. Located adjacent to the square is the St Enoch Centre , on the site of the former station and hotel, the largest glass-covered enclosed commercial area in Europe . The current east row, containing the St Enoch Centre buildings, retains a lot of the same architecture as they originally did, barring the storefronts of
294-541: The glass-works next to the Clyde, who in turn sold it to the Merchants House of Glasgow, and from there to Glasgow City Council who laid the foundation stone of St Enoch Church in 1780. It is one of six squares in the city centre. The square, always of a quiet and retiring nature then, was joined by grand Regency style buildings between around 1780-1820, the focal point south of the centre being St Enoch's Church, originally designed by James Jaffray in 1780. The church
315-550: The headquarters of whisky distillers William Teacher & Son Ltd designed in 1875 by James Boucher , is on the west side of the square. To the south and into Clyde Street is the A-listed Custom House of Glasgow designed in 1840 by John Taylor at the Broomielaw to collect dues and monitor imports from the expanding shipping traffic. It sits atop the town`s early glass-works. Hosted every year between November and December,
336-509: The junction of Buchanan Street and Argyle Street , two of the city's busiest shopping streets. The square sits on land that once was the western part of Glasgow Green , alongside the river Clyde, and reportedly had a chapel and burial site of St Thenew (St Enoch) mother of St Kentigern. The site changed hands to the Luke family of goldsmiths, managers of the soaperie in Candleriggs and owners of
357-518: The many shops along the street level. The original two-storey Subway ticket office building, designed by James Miller in 1896 for the Glasgow Subway , uses Flemish Renaissance architecture. The masonry is polished ashlar, most distinguished by the use of it in the 4 turrets that are corbelled out at each corner of the building. The original building is now a coffee shop. The IET Glasgow: Teacher building, used for meetings and offices, but originally
378-403: The seventh stage, all surmounted by a corbelled parapet , a prominent crown spire and a weather vane . The weather vane was gilded by the decorative painter, Valentine Jenkin . The building was used as a prison and courthouse in the 17th and 18th centuries: a total of 22 executions took place at the tolbooth over that period. Covenanters who were held in the tolbooth in poor conditions in
399-427: Was rusticated with a series of openings, the first, second and third floors were fenestrated with rectangular windows with architraves while the fourth floor was fenestrated with segmental headed windows. The end bays on the fourth floor were flanked by bartizans and the roof line was castellated . The design of the steeple involved small leaded glass windows for each of the second to sixth stages and clock faces in
420-513: Was later substituted for another, this time designed by David Hamilton in 1827. The centre was planted with grass and shrubbery with an iron railing round it, and grazed with sheep. The grass plot remained till about 1860, when it was removed to make way for the farmers, who in that year, were prohibited from meeting in Stockwell Street on the Wednesday market-days. With increasing traffic and
441-409: Was used as a drapery warehouse from 1874, before becoming the offices of a firm of auctioneers, John A. Bowman. By the early 20th century the tolbooth was very dilapidated: after the main block had been demolished in 1921, essential repairs and modifications were made to the west face of the steeple, where the tolbooth had previously adjoined it, to a design by Keppie Henderson, in 1923. On 4 June 2021,
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