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Getty Vocabulary Program

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The Getty Vocabulary Program is a department within the Getty Research Institute at the Getty Center in Los Angeles, California . It produces and maintains the Getty controlled vocabulary databases, Art and Architecture Thesaurus , Union List of Artist Names , and Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names . They are compliant with ISO and NISO standards for thesaurus construction. The Getty vocabularies are the premiere references for categorizing works of art, architecture, material culture, and the names of artists, architects, and geographic names. They have been the life work of many people and continue to be critical contributions to cultural heritage information management and documentation. They contain terms, names, and other information about people, places, things, and concepts relating to art, architecture, and material culture. They can be accessed online free of charge on the Getty website.

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57-535: The Getty vocabularies can be used in three ways: at the data entry stage, by catalogers or indexers who are describing works of art, architecture, material culture, archival materials, visual surrogates, or bibliographic materials; as knowledge bases, providing information for researchers; and as search assistants to enhance end-user access to online resources. The Getty vocabularies are available in MARC format for easy mapping. The Getty Vocabulary Program has been active within

114-554: A Changing Enterprise 1957–1983 . The Larsen family's Time Inc. stock was worth around $ 80 million during the 1960s. Roy Larsen was both a Time Inc. director and the chairman of its executive committee, later serving as Time Inc.'s board's vice chairman until the middle of 1979. On September 10, 1979, The New York Times wrote, "Mr. Larsen was the only employee in the company's history given an exemption from its policy of mandatory retirement at age 65." In 1987, Jason McManus succeeded Henry Grunwald as editor-in-chief, and oversaw

171-479: A black X (to date, the magazine's only such use of a black X) covering the flag of Japan , representing the recent surrender of Japan and which signaled the end of World War II . Fifty-eight years later, on April 21, 2003, Time released another issue with a red X over Saddam Hussein 's face, two weeks after the start of the Invasion of Iraq . A third red X issue was that of June 19, 2006, after Abu Musab al-Zarqawi

228-404: A busy man could read it in an hour. They changed the name to Time and used the slogan "Take Time – It's Brief". Hadden was considered carefree and liked to tease Luce. He saw Time as important but also fun, which accounted for its heavy coverage of celebrities and politicians, the entertainment industry, and pop culture, criticizing it as too light for serious news. Time set out to tell

285-595: A distinctively "acerbic, irreverent style", largely created by Haddon and sometimes called "Timestyle". Timestyle made regular use of inverted sentences , as famously parodied in 1936 by Wolcott Gibbs in The New Yorker : "Backward ran sentences until reeled the mind ... Where it all will end, knows God!" Time also coined or popularized many neologisms like "socialite", "guesstimate", "televangelist", "pundit", and "tycoon", as well as some less successful ones like "cinemactress" and "radiorator". Time introduced

342-487: A range of cultures, with hundreds of new museums and libraries built and an array of new publications. This led to the art librarians to organize. By the late 1960s, against ALA's wishes, a separate, an under-supported short-lived art library group was created in conjunction with an existing museum sub-section of the Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL), a division of ALA. Member William J. Dane stated that

399-462: A related field, has made an outstanding national or international contribution to art information. This honor recognizes excellence of content and production in North American art publications. The award is presented annually for outstanding publications in the visual arts and architecture which combine the highest standards of scholarship, design, and production. Upon its foundation in 1974, it

456-457: A substantial amount of space within the magazine to the 100 articles about each person on the list. In some cases, over 100 people have been included, as when two people have made the list together, sharing one spot. The magazine also compiled " All-Time 100 best novels " and " All-Time 100 Movies " lists in 2005, "The 100 Best TV Shows of All-Time" in 2007, and "All-Time 100 Fashion Icons" in 2012. In February 2016, Time mistakenly included

513-469: Is a place for society members to distribute information about ARLIS/NA activities at conferences, workshops and meetings, announcements of awards and honors, news regarding society members and information on new print and electronic publications. ARLIS-L is an open discussion list and anyone may subscribe. Art Documentation is the official journal of the Art Libraries Society of North America and

570-406: Is also known for the red border on its cover, introduced in 1927. The iconic red border was homaged or satirized by Seattle's The Stranger newspaper in 2010. The border has only been changed eight times since 1927: Former president Richard Nixon has been among the most frequently featured on the cover of Time , having appeared 55 times from August 25, 1952, to May 2, 1994. In October 2020,

627-423: Is delivered to subscribers on Saturday. The magazine was published on Fridays when it began in 1923. In early 2007, the year's first issue was delayed roughly a week due to "editorial changes", including the layoff of 49 employees. In 2009, Time announced it was introducing Mine , a personalized print magazine mixing content from various Time Warner publications based on the reader's preferences. The new magazine

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684-725: Is published in London and also covers the Middle East, Africa, and, since 2003, Latin America. An Asian edition ( Time Asia ) is based in Hong Kong. The South Pacific edition, which covers Australia, New Zealand , and the Pacific Islands , is based in Sydney . Since 2018, Time has been owned by Salesforce founder Marc Benioff , who acquired it from Meredith Corporation . Benioff currently publishes

741-584: Is published twice yearly by the University of Chicago Press . Art Documentation includes articles and information relevant to art librarianship and visual resources curatorship. The publication includes practical information for the ARLIS/NA community such as committee, conference, meeting, chapter and member updates. Manuscripts for purchase on art information issues with such topics on staffing standards and core competencies. Resources are available for download on

798-446: Is the chairman and co-CEO of Salesforce.com , Time was to remain separate from that company, and Benioff would not be involved in the magazine's daily operations. In late April 2023, Time announced the elimination of the website's paywall effective June 1, 2023. From 1942 until 1979, Time had a Canadian edition that included an insert of five pages of locally produced content and occasional Canadian covers. Following changes in

855-643: The Getty Research Institute at the Getty Center . The Getty Vocabulary Program won the Computerworld Honors for 2007 in the category of Media Arts and Entertainment for Web-Based Global Art Resources. Art Libraries Society of North America The Art Libraries Society of North America (also known as ARLIS/NA ) is an organization of approximately 1,000 art librarians , library students and visual resource professionals. The ARLIS/NA

912-500: The Israel Defense Forces . The November 2, 2020, issue of the U.S. edition of the magazine, published the day before the 2020 United States presidential election , was the first time that the cover logo "TIME" was not used. The cover of that issue used the word "VOTE" as a replacement logo, along with artwork by Shepard Fairey of a voter wearing a pandemic face mask. The issue included information on how to vote safely during

969-452: The "Silence Breakers", people who came forward with personal stories of sexual harassment, as Person of the Year. In recent years, Time has assembled an annual list of the 100 most influential people of the year. Originally, they had made a list of the 100 most influential people of the 20th century. These issues usually have the front cover filled with pictures of people from the list and devote

1026-429: The 1952 Olympics as the U.S.'s dazzling three-meter diving champion, national collegiate one-and three-meter diving champ (1951–52); in the crash of a North American FJ-3 Fury jet fighter while on a training flight; near Rantoul, Kans. A reader wrote a parody of the older form to announce the change: Died . Time's delightful but confusing habit of listing names, ages, claims to fame, and other interesting tidbits about

1083-552: The ARLIS/NA Board. ARLIS/NA hosts a yearly conference for members to meet in person, share ideas and network. ARLIS/NA offers travel awards to students and industry professionals (members and non-members) to their annual conferences. One of the honors is the Distinguished Service Award which is given to an individual of any country whose exemplary service in art librarianship, visual resources curatorship, or

1140-634: The ARLIS/NA website. Time (magazine) Time (stylized in all caps as TIME ) is an American news magazine based in New York City . It was published weekly for nearly a century. Starting in March 2020, it transitioned to every other week. It was first published in New York City on March 3, 1923, and for many years it was run by its influential co-founder, Henry Luce . A European edition ( Time Europe , formerly known as Time Atlantic )

1197-807: The Getty since 1983. In 1987 the Getty created a department dedicated to compiling and distributing terminology called the Vocabulary Coordination Group, now known as the Getty Vocabulary Program , which was within the Getty Information Institute. The data is compiled and edited in an editorial system that was custom-built by Getty technical staff to meet the unique requirements of compiling data from many contributors, building complex and changing polyhierarchies, merging, moving, and publishing in various formats. Final editorial control of

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1254-481: The Getty to gauge the usage volume, usage patterns, and the success of these efforts. Finally, the Vocabulary Contributions project created processes and procedures for making use of and contributing to the vocabulary databases an integral part of the work in all relevant Getty and external projects. In 2000, the Getty Vocabulary Program was moved from its Santa Monica office to its current location within

1311-541: The Vocabularies are maintained by the Getty Vocabulary Program, using well-established editorial rules. They are now published in automated formats only, in both a searchable online Web interface and in data files available for licensing. Since 1998, Getty Information Technology Services and Web Services have worked closely with the Getty Vocabulary Program to conceive, develop, deploy, and continuously enhance

1368-446: The Vocabularies on the Web project produced unified Web-based access to the three Getty vocabularies and made them available to hundreds of thousands of researchers, scholars, and members of the general public who are interested in the subject areas covered by the vocabularies. This project also enhanced security to protect the Getty's intellectual property, and added measurement metrics to allow

1425-682: The arts, librarianship, and visual resources management, including the American Library Association , ARLIS/UK & Ireland , the College Art Association , and REDARTE/RJ. The ARLIS/NA Executive Board is composed of a president, vice-president/president-elect and past president, all of whom serve a continuous three-year term; and a secretary, treasurer, chapters liaison, Canadian liaison, advancement liaison, education liaison, and an editorial director, all of whom serve two-year terms. The ARLIS/NA Executive Director also serves on

1482-457: The course of the year; it is, therefore, not necessarily an honor or a reward. In the past, such figures as Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin have been Man of the Year. In 2006, Person of the Year was " You ", and was met with split reviews. Some thought the concept was creative; others wanted an actual person of the year. Editors Pepper and Timmer reflected that, if it had been a mistake, "we're only going to make it once". In 2017, Time named

1539-481: The famous newly deceased in its Milestones notices; then the circumstances of, and places where, the deaths occurred; of apparent good sentence structure; in New York. Until the mid-1970s, Time had a weekly "Listings" section with capsule summaries or reviews of current significant films, plays, musicals, television programs, and literary bestsellers similar to The New Yorker 's "Current Events" section. Time

1596-570: The first female editor-in-chief of its magazine division. In September 2013, Nancy Gibbs was named as the first female managing editor of Time magazine. In November 2017, Meredith Corporation announced its acquisition of Time, Inc., backed by Koch Equity Development . In 2017, editor and journalist Catherine Mayer , who also founded the Women's Equality Party in the UK, sued Time through attorney Ann Olivarius for sex and age discrimination. The suit

1653-520: The group "didn't like being called a sub-section. We didn't need to depend on ALA or ACRL." ARLIS/NA was founded in 1972 by art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago and was the brainchild of Judith Hoffberg , who had been inspired by attending meetings of ARLIS/UK in London. The informal annual meetings of art librarians with College Art Association furthered

1710-568: The infant radio business by broadcasting a 15-minute sustaining quiz show entitled Pop Question which survived until 1925. Then in 1928, Larsen "undertook the weekly broadcast of a 10-minute programme series of brief news summaries, drawn from current issues of Time magazine ... which was originally broadcast over 33 stations throughout the United States". Larsen next arranged for the 30-minute radio program The March of Time to be broadcast over CBS beginning on March 6, 1931. Each week,

1767-1010: The initiative to organize. The Association of College and Research Libraries was one of several library organizations in which art librarians were enrolled at that time. By 1982 a major section of ARLIS/NA had broken off to form its own group, Visual Resources Association (VRA). The mission of the VRA is focused on media and image management, as well as progressing research and education in those areas. The ARLIS/NA membership has, from its beginnings, included librarians, archivists, visual resource professionals, artists, curators, educators, publishers, as well as students and others interested in visual arts information. Annual conferences and publications, as well as listserv threads feature discussions, presentations, workshops, and other opportunities for specialized professional development interests, such as cataloging, public services, archives, and acquisitions as well as technological trends and social issues of interest to

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1824-527: The library community, offering training on thesaurus construction and training on contributing via Getty online webforms. These opportunities are held during annual conferences of organizations such as Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS), Visual Resources Association (VRA), American Library Association (ALA), International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA), NFAIS , Society of American Archivists (SAA), and Museum Computer Network (MCN). Editorial work has been managed by

1881-502: The magazine replaced its logo with the word "Vote", explaining that "Few events will shape the world to come more than the result of the upcoming US presidential election". In 2007, Time redesigned the magazine to update and modernize the format. Among other changes, the magazine reduced the red cover border to promote featured stories, enlarged column titles, reduced the number of featured stories, increased white space around articles, and accompanied opinion pieces with photographs of

1938-502: The magazine through the company Time USA, LLC. Time has been based in New York City since its first issue published on March 3, 1923, by Briton Hadden (1898–1929) and Henry Luce (1898–1967). It was the first weekly news magazine in the United States. The two had previously worked together as chairman and managing editor, respectively, of the Yale Daily News . They first called the proposed magazine Facts to emphasize brevity so

1995-546: The male author Evelyn Waugh on its "100 Most Read Female Writers in College Classes" list (he was 97th on the list). The error created much media attention and concerns about the level of basic education among the magazine's staff. Time later issued a retraction. In a BBC interview with Justin Webb , Professor Valentine Cunningham of Corpus Christi College, Oxford , described the mistake as "a piece of profound ignorance on

2052-689: The membership as a whole. Virtual sessions are common, especially since travel was limited during the 2020 COVID-19 global pandemic. In 2022 for the society's fiftieth anniversary, members who had served on the Strategic Directions Committee reflected on the society's history. ARLIS/NA is an international organization with regional affiliated chapters across Canada, Mexico, and the United States. Two chapters, ARLIS/NA Texas-Mexico and ARLIS/NA Northwest, are transnational. Canadian chapters are Ontario and Montréal-Ottawa-Québec. ARLIS/NA has relationships with many affiliated organizations across

2109-635: The names "World War I" and "World War II" in 1939, as opposed to older forms like "First World War" and "World War No. 2". The false title construction was popularized by Time and indeed is sometimes called a " Time -style adjective". Since its first issue, Time has had a "Milestones" section about significant events in the lives of famous people, including births, marriages, divorces, and deaths. Until 1967, entries in Milestones were short and formulaic. A typical example from 1956: Died . Lieut, (j.g.) David Greig ("Skippy") Browning Jr. , 24, star of

2166-482: The news through people, and until the late 1960s, the magazine's cover depicted a single person. More recently, Time has incorporated "People of the Year" issues, which have grown in popularity over the years. The first issue of Time featured Joseph G. Cannon , the retired Speaker of the House of Representatives , on its cover; a facsimile reprint of Issue No. 1, including all of the articles and advertisements contained in

2223-432: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic in the United States . The magazine's editor-in-chief and CEO Edward Felsenthal explained this decision for a one-time cover logo change as a "rare moment, one that will separate history into before and after for generations". Time for Kids is a division magazine of Time that is specially published for children and is mainly distributed in classrooms. TFK contains some national news,

2280-453: The original, was included with copies of the magazine's issue from February 28, 1938, in commemoration of its 15th anniversary. The cover price was 15¢ (equivalent to $ 2.68 in 2023). Following Hadden's death in 1929, Luce became the dominant man at Time and a significant figure in the history of 20th-century media. According to Time Inc.: The Intimate History of a Publishing Enterprise 1972–2004 by Robert Elson, " Roy Edward Larsen  ...

2337-449: The part of Time magazine". During its history, on seven occasions, Time has released a special issue with a cover showing an X scrawled over the face of a man, a year, or a national symbol. The first Time magazine with an X cover was released on May 7, 1945, showing a red X over Adolf Hitler 's face which was published the week following his death . The second X cover was released more than three months later on August 20, 1945, with

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2394-445: The program presented a dramatization of the week's news for its listeners; thus Time magazine itself was brought "to the attention of millions previously unaware of its existence", according to Time Inc.: The Intimate History of a Publishing Enterprise 1923–1941 , leading to increased circulation during the 1930s. Between 1931 and 1937, Larsen's The March of Time radio program was broadcast over CBS radio, and between 1937 and 1945, it

2451-525: The second half of 2010, Time magazine newsstand sales declined by about 12% to just over 79,000 copies per week. As of 2012, it had a circulation of 3.3 million, making it the 11th-most circulated magazine in the United States, and the second-most circulated weekly behind People . As of July 2017, its circulation was 3,028,013. In October 2017, Time cut its circulation to two million. Time currently has 1.3 million print subscribers and 250,000 digital subscribers. Time initially possessed

2508-551: The tax status of Canadian editions of American magazines, Time closed Canadian bureaus, except for Ottawa , and published identical content to the US edition but with Canadian advertising. In December 2008, Time discontinued publishing a Canadian edition. During the second half of 2009, the magazine had a 34.9% decline in newsstand sales. During the first half of 2010, another decline of at least one-third in Time magazine sales occurred. In

2565-671: The technologies necessary to support the growth and usage of the vocabulary databases. Three major projects comprise the work completed to date. First, the Vocabulary Coordination System (VCS) project created a single production system that replaced three separate, outdated and disparate data collection and editorial systems that had been used to produce the three vocabularies. The new, more powerful production engine allows Getty staff to efficiently collect, analyze, edit, merge and distribute terminology from Getty departments, as well as from external collaborating institutions. Second,

2622-552: The time, they were raising $ 100,000 from wealthy Yale University alumni, including Henry P. Davison, partner of J.P. Morgan & Co. , publicity man Martin Egan and J.P. Morgan & Co. banker Dwight Morrow; Henry Luce and Briton Hadden hired Larsen in 1922. Larsen was a Harvard University graduate, and Luce and Hadden were Yale graduates. After Hadden died in 1929, Larsen purchased 550 shares of Time Inc., using money he obtained from selling RKO stock he had inherited from his father, who

2679-416: The transition before Norman Pearlstine succeeded him in 1995. In 1989, when Time, Inc. and Warner Communications merged, Time became part of Time Warner , along with Warner Bros. In 2000, Time became part of AOL Time Warner , which reverted to the name Time Warner in 2003. In 2007, Time moved from a Monday subscription/newsstand delivery to a schedule where the magazine goes on sale Fridays and

2736-442: The writers. The changes were met with both criticism and praise. Time ' s most famous feature throughout its history has been the annual "Person of the Year" (formerly "Man of the Year") cover story, in which Time recognizes the individual or group of individuals who have had the biggest impact on news headlines over the past 12 months. The distinction is supposed to go to the person who, "for good or ill", has most affected

2793-662: Was also named a Time Inc. director and vice president. J. P. Morgan retained a certain control through two directorates and a share of stocks, both over Time and Fortune . Other shareholders were Brown Brothers Harriman & Co. , and the New York Trust Company ( Standard Oil ). After Time began publishing weekly in March 1923, Roy Larsen increased its circulation by using U.S. radio and movie theaters worldwide. It often promoted both Time magazine and U.S. political and corporate interests. According to The March of Time , as early as 1924, Larsen had brought Time into

2850-462: Was broadcast over NBC radio – except between 1939 and 1941, when it was not aired. People magazine was based on Time 's "People" page. Time Inc. stock owned by Luce at the time of his death was worth about $ 109 million ($ 996 million in 2023), and it had been yielding him a yearly dividend of more than $ 2.4 million ($ 21.9 million in 2023), according to Curtis Prendergast's The World of Time Inc.: The Intimate History of

2907-466: Was called the Art Publishing Award. it was renamed in 1980 to honor George Wittenborn (1905–1974), the influential New York art book dealer and publisher. ARLIS-L is the society's listserv which functions as a forum for sharing information and discussing issues facing art librarians, library students and visual resource professionals. The listserv is also a resource for job listings. ARLIS-L

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2964-401: Was founded in 1972. ARLIS/NA organizes activities such as: Before ARLIS/NA, art librarians organized under an American Library Association Round Table, which had limited support. Meetings were only held biannually, attendance was minimal, and professional progress slow. During the post-war years, through the influence of popular magazines like Time and Life , Americans were exposed to

3021-480: Was killed, and a fourth red X cover issue was published on May 20, 2011, after the death of Osama bin Laden . A fifth red X cover issue, that of Dec. 14, 2020, had a red X scrawled over the pandemic-hit year 2020 and the declaration "the worst year ever". As of 2024 , the most recent and seventh X cover issue of Time , that of Nov. 11, 2024, features a red X over the face of Yahya Sinwar following his killing by

3078-713: Was met with a poor reception, with criticism that its focus needed to be more broad to be truly personal. The magazine has an online archive with the unformatted text for every article published. The articles were indexed and converted from scanned images using optical character recognition technology. The minor errors in the text are remnants of the conversion to the digital format. In January 2013, Time Inc. announced that it would cut nearly 500 jobs – roughly 6% of its 8,000 staff worldwide. Although Time magazine has maintained high sales, its ad pages have declined significantly. Also in January 2013, Time Inc. named Martha Nelson as

3135-409: Was resolved in 2018. In March 2018, only six weeks after the closure of the sale, Meredith announced that it would explore the sale of Time and sister magazines Fortune , Money and Sports Illustrated , since they did not align with the company's lifestyle brands. In October 2018, Meredith Corporation sold Time to Marc Benioff and his wife Lynne for $ 190 million. Although Benioff

3192-520: Was the head of the Benjamin Franklin Keith theater chain in New England . However, after Briton Hadden's death, the largest Time, Inc. stockholder was Henry Luce, who ruled the media conglomerate in an autocratic fashion; "at his right hand was Larsen", Time Inc.'s second-largest stockholder, according to Time Inc.: The Intimate History of a Publishing Enterprise 1923–1941 . In 1929, Roy Larsen

3249-407: Was to play a role second only to Luce's in the development of Time Inc". In his book The March of Time , 1935–1951 , Raymond Fielding also noted that Larsen was "originally circulation manager and then general manager of Time , later publisher of Life , for many years president of Time Inc., and in the long history of the corporation the most influential and important figure after Luce". Around

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