12-671: Gemeente (Dutch for municipality ) may refer to: Municipalities of the Netherlands Municipalities of Belgium Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Gemeente . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gemeente&oldid=1200101409 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
24-590: Is a general-purpose administrative subdivision, as opposed to a special-purpose district . The English word is derived from French municipalité , which in turn derives from the Latin municipalis , based on the word for social contract ( municipium ), referring originally to the Latin communities that supplied Rome with troops in exchange for their own incorporation into the Roman state (granting Roman citizenship to
36-431: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term municipality may also mean the governing body of a given municipality. A municipality
48-667: Is the general term for the town council, or cabildo , of a municipality or, sometimes, as is often the case in Spain and Latin America , for the municipality itself. Ayuntamiento is mainly used in Spain; in Latin America alcaldía is also for municipal governing bodies, especially the executive ones, where the legislative body and the executive body are two separate entities. In Catalan -speaking parts of Spain, municipalities generally use
60-670: The state . Municipalities may have the right to tax individuals and corporations with income tax , property tax , and corporate income tax , but may also receive substantial funding from the state. In some European countries, such as Germany, municipalities have the constitutional right to supply public services through municipally-owned public utility companies . Terms cognate with "municipality", mostly referring to territory or political structure, are Spanish municipio (Spain) and municipalidad (Chile), Catalan municipi , Portuguese município . In many countries, terms cognate with "commune" are used, referring to
72-482: The viceroy , the ayuntamientos "became the institution representing the interests of the local and regional oligarchical groups then setting deep roots into their territories." The Spanish Constitution of 1812 called for the transformation of the ayuntamiento, previously dominated by elites, into a representative institution with elections. Article 310 called for the establishment of an ayuntamiento for all settlements with 1,000 inhabitants. The term ayuntamiento
84-551: The Catalan cognate, ajuntament , while Galician ones use the word concello , Astur-Leonese conceyu and Basque udaletxea . Since ayuntamiento is a metonym for the building in which the council meets, it also translates to "city/ town hall " in English. With the eighteenth-century Bourbon Reforms in New Spain , which created intendancies and weakened the power of
96-569: The Spanish term ayuntamiento , referring to a municipality's administration building, is extended via synecdoche to denote the municipality itself. In Moldova and Romania , both municipalities ( municipiu ; urban administrative units) and communes ( comună ; rural units) exist, and a commune may be part of a municipality. In many countries, comparable entities may exist with various names. Ayuntamiento Ayuntamiento ( Spanish pronunciation: [aʝuntaˈmjento] )
108-475: The community living in the area and the common interest. These include terms: The same terms "Gemeente" (Dutch) or "Gemeinde" (German) may be used for church congregations or parishes, for example, in the German and Dutch Protestant churches. In Greece, the word Δήμος ( demos ) is used, also meaning 'community'; the word is known in English from the compound democracy (rule of the people). In some countries,
120-495: The inhabitants) while permitting the communities to retain their own local governments (a limited autonomy). A municipality can be any political jurisdiction , from a sovereign state such as the Principality of Monaco , to a small village such as West Hampton Dunes, New York . The territory over which a municipality has jurisdiction may encompass: Powers of municipalities range from virtual autonomy to complete subordination to
132-404: The term ayuntamiento is for the council (which refers to itself as the H. Ayuntamiento , or el Honorable Ayuntamiento ). Puerto Rican municipalities have a legislatura municipal . In Peru the term ayuntamiento is never used; instead, it is municipalidad , consejo provincial or consejo distrital (district council). Executive functions in most of these countries
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#1733094304001144-510: Was often preceded by the word excelentísimo ("most excellent"), when referring to the council. This phrase is often abbreviated " Exc. Ay. ". Other names for ayuntamiento have been casa de cabildo , casa capitular , casa consistorial and casa del concejo . In Latin America several terms exist for the legislative bodies of municipalities. The term consejo is used in Argentina , Chile , Colombia , Costa Rica , and Peru . In Mexico
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