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15-656: It is an endangered breed ; in 2017 the breeding population numbered 600 mares and 35 stallions. The Gelderlander was bred from the late nineteenth century in the province of Gelderland in the Netherlands as a carriage horse capable also of farm work, and with some capability as a heavy riding horse . Local mares were cross-bred with imported stallions of a wide range of breeds and types, among them Alt-Oldenburger and Ostfriesen , Anglo-Arab , Arab , Cleveland Bay , English half-bred , Furioso , Hackney , Nonius , Norfolk Roadster , Orlov and Orlov-Rostopchin . In 1969

30-527: A lack of profitability or competitiveness, the intensification of production systems, the effects of diseases and disease management and loss of pastures or other elements of the production environment. In postwar Britain , for example, the introduction of the Poland China pig and the Texel sheep affected populations of historic breeds, which were seen as less profitable for farmers. Several organizations –

45-711: A poultry breed "Rare" when it does not have its own breed club . These "Rare Breeds" are catered by the Rare Poultry Society (RPS). The RPS does not look after breeds that count few individuals but have their own breed club. The British Rabbit Council (BRC) notes in its breed standards those rabbit breeds that have been recognized by the affiliated Rare Varieties Rabbit Club, of which there are currently  26 breeds . Major factors causing breeds to become rare are reported to include increased use of exotic breeds, weak policies and institutions in animal genetic resources management , neglect of certain breeds because of

60-544: A single, specific breed of a particular species of domesticated animal . The purpose of the association will vary with the species of animal and the goals and needs of the members of the association. Breed associations or clubs may vary in their goals, activities and nomenclature from country to country, even for the same breed. Most domesticated animals, whether they are agricultural animals such as cattle, llamas, poultry, sheep and pigs, or companion animals such as pigeons, horses, cats and dogs, have breed clubs associated with

75-885: Is maintained in a cryoconserved form. In 2009, The Livestock Conservancy launched an online classified advertising service for promoting rare breeds. It allows the general public to "browse listings of rare breed livestock and poultry for sale, rare breed products such as meats and wools and other items that help secure the future of rare breeds". Beyond the concerns of conservation organisations, there are other reasons for individuals or groups to keep rare breed animals. Rare breeds can be popular with hobby farmers , as they often require less intensive management. Some rare breeds are kept by tourist attractions for their value in attracting visitors. Some farmers also prefer to sell meat from rare breeds, as they believe such breeds offer higher quality produce. Breed club Breed clubs are associations or clubs with activities centered on

90-400: Is not fast. Endangered breed In modern agriculture , a rare breed is a breed of poultry or livestock that has a very small breeding population, usually from a few hundred to a few thousand. Because of their small numbers, rare breeds may have a threatened conservation status , and they may be protected under regional laws. Many countries have organizations devoted to

105-446: Is predictably similar to their genitors, and that this similarity is genetically based. This biological definition is useful for conservation , which treats breeds as reliable sources of genetic diversity . Conservation organisations each have their own definition of what constitutes a rare breed. The Rare Breeds Survival Trust (RBST) and The Livestock Conservancy (TLC) both divide rare breeds into five categories, "critical" being

120-610: The Food and Agriculture Organization ( United Nations ), The Livestock Conservancy , the Rare Breeds Survival Trust (UK), Rare Breeds Canada , the SVF Foundation (US) – promote conservation of rare livestock and poultry breeds for their unique traits, which can contribute to general biodiversity and cultural heritage. Animal Husbandry can be important to livestock production in harsh environments and may contribute to

135-954: The Vereniging tot bevordering van de Landbouwtuigpaardenfokkerij in Nederland , which registered the Gelderlander, was merged with the Nederlands Warmbloed Paard studbook, which registered the Groninger, to form the Koninklijk Warmbloed Paardenstamboek Nederland or "Royal Warmblood Horse Studbook of the Netherlands". Three breed types were registered in the stud-book : riding horses (the Dutch Warmblood); harness horses (the Dutch Harness Horse ); and

150-496: The Gelderlander. In 2005 a new breeders' association , the Gelderlander Paard Associatie , was formed to preserve the original type of the Gelderlander. The Gelderlander is most often chestnut , often with extensive white markings . Males usually stand about 168 cm at the withers , mares a few centimetres less. The Gelderlander is much used in competitive carriage driving ; it jumps well and reliably but

165-491: The adaptation of livestock populations to challenges such as shifts in disease epidemiology, climate or market demands. Conservation activities may include in situ conservation programmes supporting the maintenance of breeds in their normal production environments (i.e. on farms, ranches or in pastoralist herds or flocks) and ex situ conservation programmes in which animals are kept at sites such as zoos or special conservation farms or genetic material (e.g. semen or embryos)

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180-438: The breed. In general, breed clubs and associations create a written definition of the breed (called a breed standard) for the breed with which the organization is associated. Breed clubs also maintain important records, and provide members with information. Many breed associations also have a social component, organising various activities such as shows. In addition, they may regulate breeding or raise funds for research related to

195-433: The breed. With the advent of the internet, anyone can create a "breed club" by putting up a web page to advertise their animals. Buyers must research any claims of unaffiliated breed clubs. Breeds of animals of a particular species may have an organization that covers a large number of breeds of the species, even though each individual breed may have its own breed club. Often the multiple-breed over-association will maintain

210-565: The protection and promotion of rare breeds, for which they each have their own definition. In botany and horticulture , the parallel to rare animal breeds are heirloom plants , which are rare cultivars . There are several definitions of "breed" and "rare breed". Breeds may be defined as a group of animals that share visible characteristics, such as Pinto horses , which are all spotted. A stricter definition insists that breeds are "consistent and predictable genetic entities", which means that individuals from that breed will produce offspring that

225-585: The rarest. TLC places a livestock breed under "critical" status when it has "fewer than 200 annual registrations in the United States and estimated global population less than 2,000". The RBST determines the status of a breed by the number of its breeding females in the United Kingdom . For horses and sheep, fewer than 300 is considered "critical", whereas goats and pigs must have fewer than 100 to join that category. The Poultry Club of Great Britain considers

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