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Gayl Jones

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132-433: Gayl Carolyn Jones (born November 23, 1949) is an American writer from Lexington, Kentucky . She is recognized as a key figure in 20th-century African-American literature . Jones published her debut novel, Corregidora (1975), at the age of 25. The book, edited by Toni Morrison , was met with critical acclaim and praised by leading intellectuals including James Baldwin and John Updike . Her sophomore novel Eva's Man

264-509: A state . A party of frontiersmen, led by William McConnell, camped on the Middle Fork of Elkhorn Creek (now known as Town Branch and rerouted under Vine Street) at the site of the present-day McConnell Springs . Upon hearing of the colonists' victory in the Battles of Lexington and Concord on April 19, 1775, they named the site Lexington. It was the first of many American places to be named after

396-798: A "bluegrass music camp" for school children. For more than two decades, during the second and third weekends, UK Opera Theatre presents a Broadway medley "It's A Grand Night for Singing!" Later in June, the Gay and Lesbian Services Organization hosts the Lexington Pride Festival, which celebrates pride of the LGBTQIA+ community and welcomes allies . The festival offers live music, crafts, food, and informational booths from diverse service organizations. Lexington Mayor Jim Gray , elected in 2010 and openly gay, proclaimed June 29, 2013, as Pride Day. Lexington has one of

528-645: A BA Honours degree at the age of 20. She was married to British jazz musician and educator Lionel Grigson (1942–1994). While still at university she met her future business partner Clive Allison at a party in Bayswater Road , and they decided to start a publishing company. After graduating, Busby briefly worked at the Cresset Press – part of the Barrie Group – while setting up Allison and Busby (A & B), whose first books were published in 1967, making her

660-1237: A New Day: Writing for South Africa (eds Sarah LeFanu and Stephen Hayward, 1990), Mothers: Reflections by Daughters (ed. Joanna Goldsworthy, 1995), IC3: The Penguin Book of New Black Writing in Britain (eds Kadija Sesay and Courttia Newland , 2000), Why 2K? Anthology for a New Era (2000), The Legacy of Efua Sutherland (2007), Essays in Honour of Ama Ata Aidoo at 70 (2012), 99 words (ed. Liz Gray, 2011), Black British Perspectives: A Series of Conversations on Black Art Forms (ed. Kadija Sesay, 2011), James Barnor : Ever Young (2015), If I Could Tell You Just One Thing...: Encounters with Remarkable People and Their Most Valuable Advice (by Richard Reed , 2016), Slay in Your Lane: The Black Girl Bible (by Elizabeth Uviebinené and Yomi Adegoke , 2018), and Chris Fite-Wassilak's The Artist in Time (July 2020). In 2014, Busby co-authored with Ishmahil Blagrove Carnival: A Photographic and Testimonial History of

792-533: A black woman trying to find my own voice, [Margaret] has been endlessly interested, supportive and enthusiastic about helping a generation like me find our place and our ability to make change through writing." Busby was named on the 2020 list of 100 Great Black Britons , voted on by the public and with a scope of 400 years. In May 2021 she was announced as the recipient of the London Book Fair Lifetime Achievement Award 2021, which

924-535: A cheerleader, instigator, organiser, defender and celebrator of black arts for the past 50 years, shouting about us from the rooftops, even back when few people cared to listen. 'We can because she did' is a cliché but in Margaret's case it is both true and no exaggeration. She helped change the landscape of both UK publishing and arts coverage and so many Black British artists owe her a debt. I know I do." Afua Hirsch described Busby's impact on her career by saying that "as

1056-423: A demand for books reflecting the presence of 'ethnic minorities' while perpetuating a system which does not actively encourage their involvement at all levels? The reality is that the appearance and circulation of books supposedly produced with these communities in mind is usually dependent on what the dominant white (male) community, which controls schools, libraries, bookshops and publishing houses, will permit." In

1188-566: A diverse, balanced business base". The Lexington Metro Area had an unemployment rate of 3.7% in August 2015, lower than many cities of similar size. The city is home to several large corporations. Sizable employment is generated by four Fortune 500 companies: Xerox (which acquired Affiliated Computer Services ), Lexmark International , Lockheed-Martin , and IBM , employing 3,000, 2,800, 1,705, and 552, respectively. United Parcel Service , Trane , and Amazon.com, Inc. have large operations in

1320-767: A doctor in Walthamstow , East London (where there is a blue plaque in his honour), before relocating to settle in the Gold Coast in 1929. Through her maternal line, she is a cousin of BBC newscaster Moira Stuart , and her grandfather was Dominica-born George James Christian (1869–1940), a delegate at the First Pan-African Conference in London in 1900, who migrated to the Gold Coast in 1902. Her parents sent their three children to be educated in England when Busby

1452-511: A female householder with no husband present, and 27% were non-families. 28.4% of households were home to children under the age of 18. The average household size was 2.37, and the average family size was 2.99. 31.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. In 2019, 20.9% of residents were under the age of 18, 14.2% were from 18 to 24, 28.6% from 25 to 44, 23.4% from 45 to 64, and 13.0% were 65 years of age or older. The median age

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1584-495: A free black from Virginia, had a congregation of 1,820 persons. At that time, First African Baptist Church had the largest congregation of any church, black or white, in the state of Kentucky. City school superintendent Massillon Alexander Cassidy (1886–1928) implemented Progressive Era reforms. He focused on upgrading the buildings and setting up teacher-training. He emphasized the need to improve literacy rates and expand access to public schooling. Cassidy's own philosophy stressed

1716-427: A graduate program in creative writing at Brown University , studying under poet Michael Harper and earning a Master of Arts in 1973 and a Doctor of Arts in 1975. Jones's mentor, Michael Harper , introduced her work to author Toni Morrison . Morrison was an editor at Random House at the time and was so impressed after reading Jones's manuscript that she wrote that "no novel about any black woman could ever be

1848-408: A jazz or blues musician, Jones plays upon a specific set of themes, varying them and exploring their possible permutations. Though her fiction has been called "Gothic" in its exploration of madness, violence, and sexuality, musical metaphors might make for a more apt categorization. Jones's first novel, Corregidora (1975), anticipated the wave of novels exploring the connections between slavery and

1980-534: A life of relentless sexual objectification by men, starting with Freddy, a neighborhood boy who wants to play doctor, to Tyrone, her mother's lover who molests her, to her cousin, who propositions her. The men she encounters regard her as sexual property and react with violence if she rejects their approaches. Davis, the lover she kills, epitomizes this tendency by imprisoning her in a room to which he only comes to sleep with her. By killing him, she rebels against male tyranny, but her descent into insanity indicates that she

2112-610: A manufacturer of large ceiling fans and lighting fixtures for industrial, commercial, agricultural, and residential use; A&W Restaurants , a restaurant chain known for root beer ; and Fazoli's , an Italian-American fast-food chain. The city's largest employer, the University of Kentucky , employed 16,743 as of 2020. Other sizable employers include the Lexington-Fayette County government and other hospital facilities. The Fayette County Public Schools employ 5,374, and

2244-502: A moment in St. Louis, but is predominantly set in Kentucky. Ursa Corregidora, the novel's protagonist, is a blues singer searching for "a song that would touch me, touch my life and theirs ... A song branded with the new world" (59). Ursa's search reflects her struggle to construct selfhood amidst the traumatic stories told by her great-grandmother and grandmother of their experiences at the hands of

2376-415: A normative manner that illustrates his ability to provide sexual pleasure for her, despite her hysterectomy and modified sexual desire. Jones complicates notions of sexuality by showing how desire can exist in undesirable circumstances. Or as Ursa sees it, "Two humps on the same camel? Yes. Hate and desire both riding them" (102). Sparse in language, relying on terse dialogue and haunting interior monologues,

2508-463: A passive, unrealized heroine. Incest is a major theme in a novel, and a recurring trope in the works of other prominent African-American writers at the time, including: Toni Morrison ( The Bluest Eye ), Maya Angelou 's ( I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings ), Alice Walker's ( The Child Who Favored Daughter ), and James Baldwin 's ( Just Above My Head ). Aliyyah Abdur-Rahman, in her book Against

2640-481: A politically active student, Robert Higgins, who would eventually become her husband. At a gay rights parade in Ann Arbor, Michigan , in the early 1980s, Higgins claimed to be God and that AIDS was a form of punishment. After being punched by a woman at the parade, he returned with a shotgun and was arrested with a charge that carried four years in jail. Instead of appearing in court to face charges, Jones and Higgins fled

2772-485: A range of genres by more than 200 women. Widely reviewed on publication, it is now characterised as containing work by "the matriarchs of African literature. They pioneered 'African' writing, in which they were not simply writing stories about their families, communities and countries, but they were also writing themselves into the African literary history and African historiography. They claimed space for women storytellers in

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2904-408: A wide variety of trades. Farms raised commodity crops of tobacco and hemp, and thoroughbred horse breeding and racing became established in this part of the state. By 1850, Lexington had the highest concentration of enslaved people in the entire state. The city also had a significant population of free blacks , who were often of mixed race. By 1850, First African Baptist Church, led by London Ferrill ,

3036-512: Is a Ghanaian-born publisher, editor, writer and broadcaster, resident in the UK. She was Britain's youngest and first black female book publisher when she and Clive Allison (1944–2011) co-founded the London-based publishing house Allison and Busby (A & B) in the 1960s. She edited the anthology Daughters of Africa (1992), and its 2019 follow-up New Daughters of Africa . She is a recipient of

3168-607: Is co-editor with Beverley Mason FRSA of No Colour Bar: Black British Art in Action 1960–1990 , a 2018 publication arising out of the 2015–16 exhibition No Colour Bar held at the Guildhall Art Gallery . The 2023 volume Empire Windrush: Reflections on 75 Years & More of the Black British Experience , edited by Onyekachi Wambu , includes a Preface by Busby, as does Blazing Trails (2023) by Gus John . Busby

3300-553: Is currently a trustee of jazz education organization Tomorrow's Warriors , and Prize Ambassador of the SI Leeds Literary Prize . She is a patron of Friends of the Huntley Archives at London Metropolitan Archives (FHALMA), a charitable foundation building on the archival legacy of Jessica Huntley and Eric Huntley, co-founders of the publishing house Bogle-L'Ouverture Publications . In August 2022, Busby headlined

3432-449: Is forcing romantic relations with him. However, at Cat's, Ursa receives unwanted sexual attention from a young girl Jeffy, who she realizes is Cat's lover. Confronted with their lesbianism, Ursa promptly returns to Tad's, and the two marry shortly thereafter. Yet, Ursa and Tad's marriage fails to be any different from the abusive, possessive relationship with Mutt. Ursa finds Tad in bed with another woman and moves out. Jones succinctly renders

3564-820: Is held at the Kentucky Horse Park . It includes a 3 mi (4.8 km) drive through the park, showcasing numerous displays, many in character with the horse industry and history of Lexington. The "Mini-Train Express", an indoor petting zoo featuring exotic animals, the International Museum of the Horse, an exhibit showcasing the Bluegrass Railway Club's model train, and Santa Claus are other major highlights. Other events and fares include: Additional historic sites include: The University of Kentucky Art Museum

3696-687: Is in the northern periphery of the humid subtropical climate zone ( Köppen : Cfa ), with hot, humid summers and moderately cold winters with occasional mild periods; it falls in USDA hardiness zone 6b. The city and the surrounding Bluegrass region have four distinct seasons that include cool plateau breezes; moderate nights in the summer; and no prolonged periods of heat, cold, rain, wind, or snow. The monthly daily average temperature ranges from 33.9 °F (1.1 °C) in January to 76.7 °F (24.8 °C) in July, while

3828-458: Is recognized as a high allergy area by the Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America . The Lexington-Fayette Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) includes Bourbon , Clark , Fayette, Jessamine , Scott , and Woodford Counties. The MSA population is 516,811 as of the 2020 census. The Lexington–Fayette–Richmond–Frankfort combined statistical area had a population of 747,919 in 2020. This includes

3960-593: Is the oldest black Baptist congregation in Kentucky and the third-oldest in the United States. In the early 1800s, Lexington was a rising city of the vast territory to the west of the Appalachian Mountains; Josiah Espy described it in a published version of his notes as he toured Ohio and Kentucky: Lexington is the largest and most wealthy town in Kentucky, or indeed west of the Allegheny Mountains;

4092-525: Is the premier art museum for Lexington and the only accredited museum in the region. Its collection of over 4,000 objects ranges from Old Masters to Contemporary. It regularly hosts special exhibitions. The local Woolworth's building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places for its significance as a site of protests during the Civil Rights Movement against segregation during

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4224-454: Is unable to construct a new role for herself. The stories in Jones' short story collection White Rat (1977), written between 1970 and 1977, deal largely with the same themes as her novels: communication or the lack of it, insanity, and difficult relationships. Song for Anninho (1981), a long narrative poem, covers new ground. Situated in 17th-century Brazil , the poem tells the story of Almeyda,

4356-566: Is within the state's Bluegrass region . Notable locations within the city include venues Rupp Arena and Central Bank Center , colleges and universities such as the University of Kentucky , Transylvania University , and Bluegrass Community and Technical College , and the National Thoroughbred Racing Association (NTRA) Headquarters. The city anchors the Lexington–Fayette metropolitan area of 516,811 people and

4488-659: The New Statesman , and elsewhere, for both the general press and specialist journals. In October 2023, it was announced that Hamish Hamilton would be publishing a volume of Busby's collected writings in a year's time. Busby compiled Daughters of Africa : An International Anthology of Words and Writings by Women of African Descent from the Ancient Egyptian to the Present (London: Cape, 1992), described by Black Enterprise as "a landmark", which includes contributions in

4620-739: The African-American present. Its publication coincided with the peak of the Black Arts Movement and concepts of "Africanism." It was precursor to the Women's Renaissance of the 1980s, often identified by its acknowledgement of the multiplicity of African-American identities and renewed interest in history and slavery. Authors associated with the Black Women's Movement include Alice Walker , Toni Morrison , Paule Marshall , among others. The novel moves across different geographic spaces, from Brazil, to

4752-623: The BBC African Service , and later Talking Africa on Spectrum Radio , in addition to appearing on a range of programmes including Kaleidoscope , Front Row , Open Book , Woman's Hour , and Democracy Now! (USA). Her abridgements and dramatisations for BBC Radio include books by C. L. R. James , Jean Rhys , Wole Soyinka , Timothy Mo , Sam Selvon , Walter Mosley , Henry Louis Gates , Lawrence Scott and Simi Bedford . Busby's play based on C. L. R. James's novel Minty Alley , and produced by Pam Fraser Solomon ,

4884-595: The Benson Medal from the Royal Society of Literature . In 2020 she was voted one of the " 100 Great Black Britons ". In 2021, she was honoured with the London Book Fair Lifetime Achievement Award. In 2023, Busby was named as president of English PEN . Margaret Yvonne Busby was born in 1944, in Accra , Gold Coast (present-day Ghana), to Dr George Busby and Mrs Sarah Busby ( née Christian), who both had family links to

5016-603: The Berlin African Book Festival (curated by Lidudumalingani Mqombothi with the theme "Yesterday. Today. Tomorrow"), delivering the keynote address. In March 2024, she gave the keynote address at opening of the Johannesburg Festival of Women Writers, founded by Barbara Masekela , and hosted by the Johannesburg Institute for Advanced Study at the University of Johannesburg , which was on

5148-528: The British Library during the Royal African Society 's annual literary weekend by Ade Solanke and Diane Abbott as part of the festival headline event celebrating Busby's anthology New Daughters of Africa . Busby is frequently cited as a pioneer in the history of Black publishers in the UK, and is acknowledged as a "pathfinder" by those who followed in her footsteps working towards making

5280-835: The Commonwealth Book Prize (for which she was chair of the judges in 2012, when the winner was Shehan Karunatilaka ), the Hay Festival initiative Africa39 , and the Wole Soyinka Prize for Literature in Africa (chair of judges, 2018). In 2021, she served as a judge in the Trade category of the British Book Awards , and in 2022 judged the PEN Pinter Prize alongside Ruth Borthwick and Daniel Hahn . She has served on

5412-800: The Interstate 64 / Interstate 75 interchanges. In 1996, the USA was expanded when 5,300 acres (21 km ) of the RSA were acquired through the expansion area master plan (EAMP). This was controversial: this first major update to the comprehensive plan in over a decade was accompanied by arguments among residents about the future of Lexington and the Thoroughbred farms. The EAMP included new concepts of impact fees, assessment districts, neighborhood design concepts, design overlays, mandatory greenways , major roadway improvements, storm water management, and open-space mitigation for

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5544-814: The Lexington Philharmonic Orchestra perform at this event. On the Fourth, events include a reading of the Declaration of Independence on the steps of the Old Courthouse, a 10K run , a parade, street vendors for wares and food, and fireworks. The Woodland Arts Fair, an outdoor art fair hosted by the Lexington Art League in the summer, is almost five decades old and attracts over 70,000 attendees. "Southern Lights: Spectacular Sights on Holiday Nights", which takes place from November 18 to December 31,

5676-516: The London Book Fair a joint IBP stand showcased the books of Bogle-L'Ouverture Press , Tamarind Books , the X Press, Ayebia Clarke Publishing, Joan Anim-Addo 's Mango Publishing, and other ventures. In a 2012 interview with Tricia Wombell, Busby said: "It is important to document and celebrate the achievements of many of our Black creatives (…) so that they do not get written out of history simply because their importance may not be recognised by

5808-700: The Massachusetts town . On January 25, 1780, 45 original settlers signed the Lexington Compact, known also as the "Articles of Agreement, made by the inhabitants of the town of Lexington, in the County of Kentucky ." The settlement at Lexington at this time was also known as Fort Lexington, as it was surrounded by fortifications to protect from potential attacks from British-allied Indians. The Articles allocated land by granting "In" lots of 1/2 acre to each share, along with "Out" lots of 5 acres for each share. Presumably

5940-600: The Portuguese Brazilian slaveholder Simon Corregidora. Ursa's matrilineal line—great-grandmother, grandmother, and mother—make it their lives' purpose to keep alive the history of their abuse and torture, and by extension that of African slaves in the New World. From the age of five onward, Ursa inherits the duty to "make generations" that can testify to the brutal crimes of slavery. But the Corregidora women's obsession with

6072-612: The Slave Trade Act 1807 . Busby has also been a song lyricist, acknowledged by singer Norma Winstone . In 2014, following the death of Maya Angelou , Busby scripted a major tribute entitled Maya Angelou: A Celebration , which took place on 5 October at the Royal Festival Hall during the Southbank Centre 's London Literature Festival; directed by Paulette Randall , and chaired by Jon Snow and Moira Stuart ,

6204-478: The United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 285.5 sq mi (739 km ), of which 284.5 sq mi (737 km ) is land and 1.0 sq mi (2.6 km ), or 0.35%, is covered by water. Lexington features a diverse cityscape. Lexington has had to manage a rapidly growing population while working to maintain the character of the surrounding horse farms that give

6336-513: The federal prison system ; it is known as the Federal Medical Center, Lexington and serves a variety of health needs for prisoners. Lexington also served as the headquarters for a pack horse library in the late 1930s and early 1940s. The Lexington-Fayette metro area includes five additional counties: Clark , Jessamine , Bourbon , Woodford , and Scott . This is the second-largest metro area in Kentucky after Louisville. According to

6468-489: The poverty line , including 17.6% of those under the age of 18 and 9.4% of those ages 65 and older. The table below illustrates the population growth of Fayette County since the first U.S. Census in 1790. Lexington city limits became coterminous with Fayette County in 1974. Sources: Lexington has one of the nation's most stable economies. Lexington describes itself as having "a fortified economy, strong in manufacturing, technology, and entrepreneurial support, benefiting from

6600-489: The " Margaret Busby New Daughters of Africa Award " was announced by the publisher, in partnership with SOAS, University of London , to benefit an African woman student, covering tuition fees and accommodation at International Students House, London . The first recipient of the award was Kenyan student Idza Luhumyo , who began her course in autumn 2020, and went on to win the 2022 Caine Prize for African Writing . Busby has contributed to books including Colours of

6732-619: The "In" lots were for the family dwelling inside the fortifications, while the "Out" lots were to be "cleared" for farming. (Corn is the only crop specifically mentioned in the Articles.) It is known that several of these original settlers (perhaps many of them) served under General George Rogers Clark in the Illinois campaign (also called the Northwestern campaign) against the British in 1778–79. While

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6864-421: The 1960s. Activists conducted sit-ins to gain integrated lunch service, full access to facilities, and more employment. However, in 2004, the building was demolished by its owner, and the area was paved for use as a parking lot until further development. Pablo Eskobear , the American black bear that overdosed on cocaine that was dropped from smuggler Andrew C. Thornton II 's airplane—an incident which inspired

6996-484: The 1980s, she was a founding member of the organization Greater Access to Publishing (GAP), which engaged in campaigns for increased Black representation in British publishing. Other members of this multi-racial group, which held a conference in November 1987 particularly to highlight publishing as an option for Black women, included Lennie Goodings , Maggie Scott, Ros de Lanerolle , Yvonne Collymore, Paula Kahn, Toks Williams, Kothai Christie, and Jacqui Roach. Busby

7128-495: The 2023 movie Cocaine Bear —has been stuffed and can be visited at the Kentucky for Kentucky Fun Mall. The Kentucky Wildcats , the athletic program of the University of Kentucky, is Lexington's most popular sports entity. The school fields 22 varsity sports teams, most of which compete in the Southeastern Conference as a founding member. The men's basketball team is one of the winningest programs in NCAA history, having won eight national championships. The basketball program

7260-399: The African diaspora. A reviewer in The Irish Times commented: "Sometimes you need an anthology to remind you of the variety, strength and nuance of writing among a certain region or group of people. New Daughters of Africa is indispensable because African voices have been silenced or diminished throughout history, and women's voices even more so." Connected with the 2019 anthology,

7392-527: The Caribbean, particularly to Trinidad , Barbados and Dominica . Barbados-born Dr Busby (1899–1980) was a lifelong friend of Kwame Nkrumah 's mentor George Padmore and attended school in Trinidad with C. L. R. James at Queen's Royal College , winning the Island Scholarship, which enabled him to travel to Britain in 1919 to study medicine. After initial studies at Edinburgh University , George A. Busby transferred to University College, Dublin , to complete his medical qualifications, and then practised as

7524-425: The Closet: Identity, Political Longing, and Black Figuration , discusses incest as a "central trope through which black female identity and black familial dilemmas are figured in African American women's writing in the period after black Americans were purportedly granted equal rights before the law". In her close readings of late twentieth-century African-American literary texts, Abdur-Rahman's argues that writing about

7656-525: The Lexington area. Led by the preacher Lewis Craig and Captain William Ellis, the Travelling Church established numerous churches, including the South Elkhorn Christian Church in Lexington. On May 6, 1782, the town of Lexington was chartered by an act of the Virginia General Assembly . Around 1790, the First African Baptist Church was founded in Lexington by Peter Durrett , a Baptist preacher and slave held by Joseph Craig. Durrett had helped guide " The Travelling Church " on its trek to Kentucky. This church

7788-540: The Lexington police multiple times a day. A letter that arrived to the police station on February 20, 1998, indicated a bomb threat, and police figured out that Higgins, who at the time was using the alias Bob Jones, was previously wanted for arrest. After a standoff with police at their residence, Higgins committed suicide and Jones was put on suicide watch. Since then, Jones only talks to family and Harper and has refused several requests for interviews. Prior to this, Jones gave several interviews, including one with her mother in

7920-403: The Lexington-Fayette Urban County Government employs 2,699. Central Baptist Hospital, Saint Joseph Hospital , Saint Joseph East, and the Veterans Administration Hospital employ 7,000 persons in total. June has two popular music festivals: Bluegrass and Broadway. The Festival of the Bluegrass , Kentucky's oldest bluegrass music festival, is in early June; it includes three stages for music and

8052-565: The Notting Hill Carnival . Among other books for which she has written introductions or forewords are the Penguin Modern Classics edition of A Question of Power by Bessie Head , Emerging Perspectives on Buchi Emecheta (ed. Marie Umeh, 1996), Beyond Words: South African Poetics (with Keorapetse Kgositsile , Don Mattera , Lebo Mashile and Phillippa Yaa de Villiers , 2009), and To Sweeten Bitter (2017) by Raymond Antrobus . With Darcus Howe , Busby co-edited C.L.R. James's 80th Birthday Lectures ( Race Today Publications, 1984), and she

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8184-399: The United States to Europe, and Jones resigned from the University of Michigan with a note addressed to President Ronald Reagan that read: "I reject your lying racist [expletive], and I call upon God. Do what you want. God is with Bob and I'm with him." Some have debated the authorship of the note. In 1988, Jones and Higgins returned to the United States, but kept their identities hidden. In

8316-518: The annual mean temperature is 56.3 °F (13.5 °C). On average, 25 days at or above 90 °F (32 °C) occur annually and 23 days per winter where the high is at or below freezing. Annual precipitation is 49.84 in (1,270 mm), with the late spring and summer being slightly wetter; snowfall averages 14.5 in (37 cm) per season. Extreme temperatures range from −21 °F (−29 °C) on January 24, 1963, to 108 °F (42 °C) on July 10 and 15, 1936. Lexington

8448-534: The boards or in advisory positions for other cultural organisations, including the Drum Arts Centre (co-founded in 1973 by Cy Grant ), The Africa Centre , London, English PEN , the Royal Literary Fund , the African & Caribbean Music Circuit, the Hackney Empire theatre, the Organization of Women Writers of Africa , the Etisalat Prize for Literature (as patron, alongside Ama Ata Aidoo , Dele Olojede , Ellah Allfrey , Kole Omotoso and Zakes Mda ), Nubian Jak Community Trust , and Wasafiri magazine. She

8580-490: The books industry and its output more diverse, among them Bibi Bakare-Yusuf (who when speaking of founding Cassava Republic Press said: "Inspirational figures in publishing such as Margaret Busby, co-founder of Allison & Busby , were our guide"), Ellah Wakatama Allfrey , Valerie Brandes of Jacaranda Books , Sharmaine Lovegrove of Dialogue Books, and Aki Schilz of The Literary Consultancy . In UK Black History Month 2019, Zadie Smith said that Busby "has been

8712-439: The celebration featured contributions from artists including Adjoa Andoh , Angel Coulby , Chiwetel Ejiofor , Nicola Hughes , Ella Odedina, NITROvox, Roderick Williams and Ayanna Witter-Johnson . In June 2021 , Busby appeared on BBC Radio 4 's Desert Island Discs . She has worked continuously for diversity within the publishing industry, writing in a 1984 article in the New Statesman : "Is it enough to respond to

8844-448: The children and other family members. Jones recalled, "I began to write when I was seven, because I saw my mother writing, and because she would read stories to my brother and me, stories that she had written". Although she was described as painfully shy, many of Jones's elementary school instructors recognized her writing skills and encouraged her talent to grow. Jones first attended segregated schools but for high school enrolled as one of

8976-451: The city are Arabic , Nepali , Japanese , French , Mandarin , Kinyarwanda , Korean and Portuguese . Local estimates drawn from English Language Learner enrollment in Fayette County Public Schools estimates that approximately 23% of the total Lexington population speaks a language other than English at home. Of the 131,929 households reported in the 2019 American Community Survey , 52% were married couples living together, 15% had

9108-466: The city's population was 322,570, making it the second-most populous city in Kentucky (after Louisville ), the 14th-most populous city in the Southeast , and the 59th-most populous city in the United States . By land area, it is the country's 30th-largest city . Lexington is known as the "Horse Capital of the World" due to the hundreds of horse farms in the region, as well as the Kentucky Horse Park , The Red Mile and Keeneland race courses. It

9240-480: The city, and Toyota Motor Manufacturing Kentucky is within the Lexington CSA, located in adjoining Georgetown . A Jif peanut butter plant located in the city produces more peanut butter than any other factory in the world. Notable corporate headquarters include Lexmark International , a manufacturer of printers and enterprise software; Link-Belt Construction Equipment , a designer and manufacturer of telescopic and lattice boom crawler cranes ; Big Ass Fans ,

9372-439: The congregation of Christ Church Episcopal . London Ferrill , second preacher of First African Baptist, was one of three clergy who stayed in the city to serve the suffering victims. Farmers in the areas around Lexington held slaves for use as field hands, laborers, artisans, and domestic servants . In the city, slaves worked primarily as domestic servants and artisans, although they also worked with merchants, shippers, and in

9504-569: The destructive romantic relationships between Black men and women, a lingering effect of the patriarchal slave system where Black bodies were abused and consumed. In order to heal, Ursa seeks out her mother's story, a tale overshadowed by Great Gram and Gram's experiences in Old Man Corregidora's plantation-brothel. Mama, similarly taught to associate sex with violence, has only slept with one man, Ursa's father Martin, on one occasion. Despite his willingness to marry her and move in with her, Mama

9636-706: The development of Britain. Bustle magazine included Busby with Mary Prince , Claudia Jones , Evelyn Dove , Olive Morris, Olivette Otele , and Shirley Thompson on a list of "7 Black British Women Throughout History That Deserve To Be Household Names In 2019". Busby was also named by the Evening Standard on a list of 14 "Inspirational black British women throughout history" (alongside Mary Seacole, Claudia Jones, Adelaide Hall , Olive Morris, Joan Armatrading , Tessa Sanderson , Doreen Lawrence , Maggie Aderin-Pocock , Sharon White , Malorie Blackman , Diane Abbott, Zadie Smith and Connie Mark ). Also in 2018, she

9768-439: The expansion was initiated, the RSA land management plan was adopted, which increased the minimum lot size in the agricultural rural zones to 40 acres (160,000 m ). In 2000, a purchase of development rights plan was adopted, granting the city the power to purchase the development rights of existing farms; in 2001, $ 40 million was allocated to the plan from a $ 25 million local, $ 15 million state grant. Lexington

9900-538: The few Black students at Henry Clay High School . She was academically successful and earned a recommendation, through writer Elizabeth Hardwick , to Connecticut College . There she became a student of poets William Meredith and Robert Hayden . She graduated in 1971, receiving her Bachelor of Arts degree in English. While attending the college she also earned the Frances Steloff Award for Fiction. She then began

10032-459: The first time. It also included a draft of the rural land management plan, which included large-lot zoning and traffic-impact controls. A pre-zoning of the entire expansion area was refuted in the plan. A 50-acre (200,000 m ) minimum proposal was defeated. Discussion of this proposal appeared to stimulate the development of numerous 10-acre (40,000 m ) subdivisions in the RSAs. Three years after

10164-480: The generations necessary to pass down the Corregidora narrative, Ursa loses any fragile sense of self she previously had. She divorces Mutt, unwilling to forgive him for taking away her sole purpose in life, and attempts to heal under the watchful eyes of her friends Tadpole McCormick (owner of Happy's Café, where Ursa sings) and Catherine Lawson (bisexual hairstylist, who lives across the street from Happy's). Ursa moves in with Cat briefly after realizing her stay at Tad's

10296-517: The greater Lexington–Fayette–Richmond–Frankfort combined statistical area of 747,919 people. It has been consolidated entirely within Fayette County since 1974 and has a nonpartisan mayor-council form of government, with 12 council districts and three members elected at large, with the highest vote-getter designated vice mayor. Lexington was named in June 1775, in what was then considered Fincastle County, Virginia , 17 years before Kentucky became

10428-546: The highest concentrations of gay and lesbian couples in the United States for a city its size. Area residents gather downtown for the Fourth of July festivities, which extend for several days. On July 3, the Gratz Park Historic District is transformed into an outdoor music hall, when the Patriotic Music Concert is held on the steps of Morrison Hall at Transylvania University. The Lexington Singers and

10560-404: The incest motif as a critique on the masculinity inherent in black nationalism and its impact on the formation of black families. She writes, "I argue that representing incest allows black American women writers to highlight he effects of civil rights retrenchment and the waning popularity of a largely masculinist black nationalist agenda on black families in the late twentieth century." Throughout

10692-409: The late 1990s, Jones's mother was diagnosed with throat cancer, and in 1997, Higgins objected to a medical procedure for his mother-in-law, but was banned from the hospital room after a psychological evaluation on Jones's mother found she was "inappropriately manipulated by family--especially son-in-law." Jones and Higgins wrote up a document about the incident called "Kidnapped/Held Incommunicado," which

10824-443: The latter play an even more important role in Jones' second novel, letting the reader see Eva Medina Canada's past and her descent into mental illness, indicated through repetition of key scenes with variations, implying that Eva's memory disintegrates. The reader encounters Eva in a prison for the criminally insane at the beginning of the story, to which she has been committed for poisoning and castrating her lover. Her flashbacks reveal

10956-567: The lives of Black women across North, South and Central America, living in different centuries, in a way no other writer has done." Jones was born on November 23, 1949, to Franklin and Lucille Jones. Her father was a cook and her mother a homemaker and writer. Jones grew up in Speigle Heights, a neighborhood of Lexington, Kentucky, in a house with no indoor toilet. Jones grew up in a storytelling family: Her grandmother wrote plays for her church, and her mother constantly made up stories to entertain

11088-454: The main street of Lexington has all the appearance of Market Street in Philadelphia on a busy day ... I would suppose it contains about five hundred dwelling houses [it was closer to three hundred], many of them elegant and three stories high. About thirty brick buildings were then raising, and I have little doubt but that in a few years it will rival, not only in wealth, but in population,

11220-738: The mainstream." In August 2010, at the University of the Western Cape , she delivered a lecture in memory of assassinated South African political activist Dulcie September (1935–1988). Busby has been a participant in numerous literary festivals and conferences internationally – in 1993, she gave the opening address at the International Book Fair of Radical Black and Third World Books – and has interviewed and been "in conversation" with such noted writers as Toni Morrison , Maya Angelou , Ama Ata Aidoo , Wole Soyinka , Nawal El Saadawi , Ngugi wa Thiong'o . and Ben Okri . Busby

11352-464: The metro area and an additional seven counties. As of the 2020 census, there were 322,570 people, 129,784 households, and 74,761 families within the city. The population density was 1,137.3/sq mi (439.1/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 70.7% non-Hispanic White , 15.6% Black or African American , 0.3% Native American , 4.1% Asian , 0.1% Pacific Islander, and 2.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race were 7.4% of

11484-523: The most populous inland town of the United States ;... The country around Lexington for many miles in every direction, is equal in beauty and fertility to anything the imagination can paint and is already in a high state of cultivation. In the early 19th century, Lexington planter John Wesley Hunt became the first millionaire west of the Alleghenies. Henry Clay , a lawyer who married into one of

11616-522: The narrator, and her husband Anninho, who are residents of Palmares, a historical settlement by fugitive slaves, when it is overrun by Portuguese soldiers, separating husband and wife. Though Almeyda can only find her husband through memory and through art once they are separated, the poem focuses on desire as a positive theme, and it shows the possibility of love. Her novel Palmares (2021), about "the largest and best known of Brazil's quilombos , communities established by Africans who had escaped slavery",

11748-491: The notions of love and hate, desire and danger. Similarly, Ursa's relationship with her husband Mutt also straddles the line between the two sentiments. Mutt seeks to restrict Ursa's sexuality only for his enjoyment and pushes her down the stairs at the beginning of the novel because of his jealousy at other men staring at her on-stage performance while she sings the Blues. Her second husband, Tad, seeks to engage with Ursa's sexuality in

11880-713: The novel stands in the naturalist tradition as it shows individuals fighting with historical forces beyond their control. However, the end of the novel justifies its status as a "blues" narrative exploring both the pain and the beauty of relationships by implying that psychological struggle and an unsparing confrontation of the past may lead to recovery. When asked about the relationship between literate and oral traditions in Corregidora Jones said, "Ursa in Corregidora tells her own story in her own language and so does Eva in Eva's Man. I

12012-481: The novel, Ursa must navigate relationships of control over her body and sexuality imposed by different characters. Her relatives (Great-Gram, Gram and her mother) need her body to serve as a tool of procreation ( make generation) and produce a child that represents material evidence of the horrors of incest and rape they experienced during slavery at the hands of Simon Corregidora. The rape and incest that occurs between Great Gram, Gram and Simon can be read as complicating

12144-451: The ostensible founder of Lexington, William McConnell, is not one of the signees, an Alexander McConnell is. Within two years of signing the Agreement, both John and Jacob Wymore were killed by Indians in separate incidents outside the walls of "Fort Lexington". In December 1781, a huge caravan of around 600 pioneers from Spotsylvania County, Virginia—dubbed "The Travelling Church"—arrived in

12276-515: The pages of Obsidian and another in Claudia Tate's canonical anthology Black Women Writers . 10.1353/slj.2006.0003* Calvin Baker , "The Best American Novelist Whose Name You May Not Know" , The Atlantic , September 2020. Lexington, Kentucky Lexington is a consolidated city coterminous with and the county seat of Fayette County, Kentucky , United States. As of the 2020 census

12408-409: The past burdens Ursa, who struggles, as a singer, to find her own purpose in life. Even as she attempts to do so, she herself is trapped in abusive relationships. When Ursa and her husband Mutt get into a physical altercation regarding her refusal to stop singing, she falls (or is pushed) down a flight of stairs, loses her unborn baby, and has an emergency hysterectomy. The year is 1948. Unable to birth

12540-519: The population. The most common spoken language in Lexington is English with the Southern American English dialect being the native and most common of the city and region, but there are approximately 196 languages from all parts of the world spoken in Lexington. The non-English language spoken by the largest group is Spanish followed by Swahili . Other more common non-English languages in

12672-583: The region its identity. In 1958, Lexington enacted the nation's first urban growth boundary , restricting new development to an urban service area (USA). It set a minimum area requirement of 40 acres (160,000 m ) to maintain open space for landholdings in the rural service area. In 1980, the comprehensive plan was updated: the USA was modified to include urban activity centers (UACs) and rural activity centers (RACs). The UACs were commercial and light-industrial districts in urbanized areas, while RACs were retail trade and light-industrial centers clustered around

12804-727: The same after this". In 1975, Jones published her first novel Corregidora at the age of 26. That same year she was a visiting lecturer at the University of Michigan , which hired her the following year as an assistant professor. She left her faculty position in 1983 and moved to Europe, where she wrote and published Die Vogelfaengerin (The Birdwatcher) in Germany, and a poetry collection, Xarque and Other Poems . Her work features in anthologies including Confirmation: An Anthology of African American Women (1983, edited by Imamu Amiri Baraka and Amina Baraka ) and Daughters of Africa (1992, edited by Margaret Busby ). Jones's 1998 novel The Healing

12936-666: The same day to assist National Guard forces and local police in bringing order and peace. Marshall declared martial law in the city and had soldiers positioned throughout the area for two weeks. Lockett was eventually executed on March 11 at the Kentucky State Penitentiary in Eddyville , after being found guilty of murdering Hardman. In 1935, during the Great Depression , the Addiction Research Center (ARC)

13068-516: The streets to work alongside local law enforcement. As the mob advanced on the courthouse, the National Guard opened fire, killing six and wounding 50 others. Fearing further retaliation from the mob, Morrow urged the United States Army to provide assistance. Led by Brigadier General Francis C. Marshall , approximately 1,200 federal troops from nearby Camp Zachary Taylor moved into the city

13200-420: The streets. All other National Guard troops were barred from the city streets until the fair ended. On February 9, 1920, tensions flared up again, this time over the trial of Will Lockett , a black man who murdered Geneva Hardman, a 10-year-old white girl. When a large mob gathered outside the courthouse where Lockett's trial was underway, Kentucky Governor Edwin P. Morrow massed the National Guard troops into

13332-452: The surrounding area into the city. Also during this time, some United States National Guard troops were camping on the edge of the city. Three troops passed in front of an African American restaurant and shoved some people on the sidewalk. A fight broke out, reinforcements for the troops and civilians both appeared, and soon a riot began. The Kentucky National Guard was summoned, and once the riot had ended, armed soldiers and police patrolled

13464-588: The theme "Mothers and Daughters: An Intergenerational Conversation". In the same month, she also participated in the 27th Time of the Writer Festival in Durban , South Africa. In 2018, in celebration of the 100th anniversary of women's right to vote, The Voice newspaper listed Margaret Busby – alongside Kathleen Wrasama , Olive Morris , Connie Mark , Fanny Eaton , Diane Abbott , Lilian Bader , and Mary Seacole – among eight Black women who have contributed to

13596-468: The then youngest publisher as well as the first African woman book publisher in the UK – an achievement she has assessed by saying: "[I]t is easy enough to be the first, we can each try something and be the first woman or the first African woman to do X, Y or Z. But, if it's something worthwhile you don't want to be the only. ...I hope that I can, in any way, inspire someone to do what I have done but learn from my mistakes and do better than I have done." She

13728-413: The trope of incest in black women's literature illuminates the continuing impact of slavery on the formation of black families in the post-civil rights period. Abdur-Rahman sees the incest motif as a site to "critique society for its egregious neglect of black women and children." By focusing on the time period of the late twentieth century, when Corregidora was written, Abdur-Rahman reads the employment of

13860-464: The two attempt to reconcile. During an act of fellatio, Ursa decides not to repeat her great-grandmother's secret act in which she bit the penis of Old Man Corregidora. Critics have interpreted this ending very differently: some seeing Ursa's refusal to repeat the past a sign of a disruption of the obliterating cycle and indicative of her reconciliation with Mutt, while others argue Ursa fails to resist abusive heterosexual relationships and therefore becomes

13992-547: The use of science, business, and expertise. He also had a paternalistic attitude toward blacks, who were in segregated public schools. Amidst the tensions between black and white populations over the lack of affordable housing in the city, a race riot broke out on September 1, 1917. At the time, the Colored A. & M. Fair (one of the largest African American fairs in the South) on Georgetown Pike had attracted more African Americans from

14124-496: The voices of those women. I trust those voices, but always with black writers there's the suspicion that they can't create language/voices as other writers can—that they can't invent a linguistic world in the same way." Eva's Man (1976), Jones's second novel, expands on the painful relationships between African-American women and men, but it does so with an even greater sense of hopelessness. Like Corregidora , Eva's Man relies on minimalist dialogue and on interior monologues, but

14256-830: The war. For example, Captain Nathaniel G.S. Hart commanded the Lexington Light Infantry (also known as the "Silk Stocking Boys") and was killed while a captive after the Battle of the River Raisin. Henry Clay also served as a negotiator at the Treaty of Ghent in 1814. The growing town was devastated by a cholera epidemic in 1833 , which had spread throughout the waterways of the Mississippi and Ohio valleys: 500 of 7,000 Lexington residents died within two months, including nearly one-third of

14388-508: The way - so I gladly share this recognition with many others who deserve equally to be honoured for contributing excellence in countless spheres of work." She has been awarded a number of honorary degrees including from the Open University , SOAS , and from Royal Holloway , where the conferral took place in June 2021 with the oration being given by Professor Lavinia Greenlaw . In June 2022, Busby also received an honorary doctorate from

14520-621: The wealthiest families of Kentucky and served as Speaker of the United States House of Representatives in 1812, helped to lead the War Hawks , pushing for war with Britain to bolster the markets of American products. Six companies of volunteers came from Lexington, with a rope-walk on James Erwin's farm on the Richmond Road used as a recruiting office and barracks until the war ended. Several Lexingtonians served with prominence as officers in

14652-491: The written form, and in some sense reclaimed the woman's role as the creator and carrier of many African societies' narratives, considering that the traditional storytelling session was a women's domain." Busby edited a 2019 follow-up volume entitled New Daughters of Africa : An International Anthology of Writing by Women of African Descent (first published by Myriad Editions in the UK), featuring another 200-plus writers from across

14784-401: Was 34.6 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.2 males. The median income for a household in the city was $ 57,291 in 2019, slightly below the national average of $ 62,843, and for a family it was $ 53,264. Males living alone had a median income of $ 36,268 versus $ 30,811 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 34,442. About 8.7% of families and 14.6% of the population were below

14916-1267: Was Allison & Busby's Editorial Director for 20 years, publishing many notable authors including Sam Greenlee (author of The Spook Who Sat by the Door , the first novel published by A & B, in 1969), C. L. R. James , Buchi Emecheta , Chester Himes , George Lamming , Roy Heath , Ishmael Reed , John Edgar Wideman , Nuruddin Farah , Rosa Guy , Val Wilmer , Colin MacInnes , H. Rap Brown , Julius Lester , Geoffrey Grigson , Edward Blishen , Dermot Healy , Adrian Mitchell , Matthew Sweeney , Jill Murphy , Christine Qunta , Michael Horovitz , Alexandra Kollontai , Gordon Williams , Alan Burns , Carlos Moore , Michèle Roberts , Molefe Pheto , Arthur Maimane , Maurice Nyagumbo , Giles Gordon , Claire Rayner , Clive Sinclair , Mineke Schipper , Chris Searle , Richard Stark , James Ellroy , Hunter S. Thompson , Margaret Thomson Davis , B. Traven , Alexis Lykiard , Tom Mallin , Jack Trevor Story , Michael Moorcock , Mervyn Peake , John Clute , Julian Savarin , Ralph de Boissière , Andrew Salkey , Harriet E. Wilson , and Miyamoto Musashi . Busby

15048-471: Was a 2022 Pulitzer Prize Finalist in Fiction. The Healing was a National Book Award finalist for fiction in 1998. In 2022, Jones was honored for lifetime achievement at 43rd annual American Book Awards, presented by Ishmael Reed 's Before Columbus Foundation . Her novel, The Birdcatcher , was a National Book Award finalist for fiction in 2022. While studying at the University of Michigan , Jones met

15180-599: Was a finalist for the National Book Award , although the media attention surrounding her novel's release focused more on the controversy in her personal life than on the work itself. Her papers are currently housed at the Howard Gotlieb Archival Research Center at Boston University . Jones currently lives in Lexington, Kentucky, where she continues to write. Jones has described herself as an improvisor, and her work bears out that statement: like

15312-399: Was a finalist for the 2022 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction . Imani Perry described Jones as "one of the most versatile and transformative writers of the 20th century" while Calvin Baker described her as "The Best American Novelist Whose Name You May Not Know." In The Guardian newspaper, Yara Rodrigues Fowler stated: "Gayl Jones is a literary legend. In novels and poetry, she has reimagined

15444-506: Was a prominent participant in the major 2019 exhibition Get Up, Stand Up Now: Generations of Black Creative Pioneers at Somerset House , and contributed an introductory essay for the catalogue, as well as participating in events there. Busby has regularly worked for radio and television since the late 1960s, when she presented the magazine programme London Line for the Central Office of Information , as well as Break For Women on

15576-444: Was a series of films based on lectures by C. L. R. James in the 1980s. Her writing for the stage includes Sankofa (1999), Yaa Asantewaa – Warrior Queen (UK/Ghana, 2001–02), directed by Geraldine Connor , and An African Cargo (about the Zong massacre ), directed by Felix Cross for Nitrobeat and staged at Greenwich Theatre in 2007, among events marking the bicentenary of

15708-608: Was also the first to reach 2000 wins. Lexington is home to the Lexington Legends , a member of the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball , an independent MLB Partner league. The minor league team plays home games at The Ballpark at 207 Legends Lane . In 2020, the team lost MLB affiliation under a new plan by the MLB. The city also hosts Lexington SC of third-division professional soccer league USL League One . The club

15840-422: Was among 150 "Leading Women" celebrated by the University of London to mark the 150 years since women gained access to higher education in the UK in 1868, and featured in the exhibition Rights for Women: London's Pioneers in their Own Words staged at Senate House Library from 16 July to 15 December 2018. In July 2019, she was awarded the inaugural Africa Writes Lifetime Achievement Award, presented to her at

15972-726: Was appointed chair of the 2020 Booker Prize judges, other members of the panel including Lee Child , Sameer Rahim , Lemn Sissay , and Emily Wilson . Busby has previously judged several other literary competitions, among them the Caine Prize for African Writing , the Orange Prize , the Independent Foreign Fiction Prize , the Wasafiri New Writing Prize , the OCM Bocas Prize for Caribbean Literature ,

16104-525: Was created as a small research unit at the United States Public Health Service hospital in Lexington. Founded as one of the first drug rehabilitation clinics in the nation, the ARC was affiliated with a federal prison. Expanded as the first alcohol and drug rehabilitation hospital in the United States, it was known as "Narco" of Lexington. The hospital was later converted to operate as part of

16236-567: Was first broadcast on BBC Radio 4 in 1998, winning a Commission for Racial Equality "Race in the Media Award" (RIMA) in 1999. In October 2003, BBC Radio 4's Woman's Hour broadcast Busby's five-part serial Yaa Asantewaa , also directed by Fraser Solomon. Busby was a member of Penumbra Productions, an independent production company, with other members including Horace Ové , H. O. Nazareth , Farrukh Dhondy , Mustapha Matura , Michael Abbensetts and Lindsay Barrett , among whose projects

16368-789: Was five. She and her sister first attended a school in the Lake District , followed by Charters Towers School, an international girls' boarding-school in Bexhill-on-Sea , Sussex . After passing her O-levels there aged 14, Busby left school at 15, went back to Ghana and took her A-levels at 16, then spent a year at a college in Cambridge so as not to begin university too young. From the age of 17, she studied English at Bedford College (later merged with Royal Holloway College ), London University , where she edited her college literary magazine as well as publishing her own poetry, and graduated with

16500-442: Was founded in 2021 and currently plays at Toyota Stadium on the campus of Georgetown College . In October 2023, Lexington SC announced it would be building a new stadium on their youth training ground off of Athens-Boonesboro Road. It will be open by 2024, with a capacity for 5,000 fans, with up to 11,000 possible. Margaret Busby Margaret Yvonne Busby , CBE , Hon. FRSL (born 1944), also known as Nana Akua Ackon ,

16632-581: Was interested in having their language do everything that anybody's language used as a literary language can do. But once after I gave a talk on Corregidora , a professor (I should say a white professor) expressed surprise that I didn't talk like Ursa. That my vocabulary wasn't like hers. The implication of course was that I was more "articulate," at least within an accepted linguistic tradition. So because of that and because of other things—other comments about my language in those books—I've been wondering about my own voice—my other voice(s) and how it (they) relate to

16764-433: Was met with less renown and characterized as "dangerous" by some critics for its raw depiction of cruelty and violence. Jones continued publishing in the late 1990s, releasing The Healing and Mosquito— the former of which was shortlisted for the National Book Award . Following her husband's widely reported suicide in 1998, Jones withdrew from public life. In 2021, she published Palmares , her first novel in 22 years; it

16896-696: Was presented to her by Bernardine Evaristo in September at The Hurlingham Club . Busby was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2021 Birthday Honours for services to publishing. She was quoted in the Hackney Gazette as saying: "Well, I know I did not fall from the sky; whenever I am offered any such award, my accepting it is also on behalf of and to acknowledge everyone who made me what I am, and those whom I have worked with along

17028-452: Was sent to the national press, and on March 3, 1997, was forwarded to President Bill Clinton and Vice President Al Gore . On March 20, Jones's mother died, igniting Higgins to start a campaign against the University of Kentucky Markey Cancer Center , which had been the defendant in several civil rights cases in the recent past. During this time, Jones's novel The Healing was in the process of being released. Higgins began to call and write

17160-798: Was subsequently editorial director of Earthscan (publishing titles by Han Suyin , Frantz Fanon , Albert Memmi , René Dumont , Carolina Maria de Jesus , and others), before pursuing a freelance career as an editor, writer, and critic, since the early 1990s. As a journalist, she has written for The Guardian (mainly book reviews or obituaries of artists and activists including Jessica Huntley , Buzz Johnson , Jayne Cortez , Jan Carew , Rosa Guy , Gwendolyn Brooks , June Jordan , Toni Cade Bambara , Florynce Kennedy , Barry Reckord , Frank Crichlow , Connie Mark , Glenn Thompson , August Wilson , Pearl Connor-Mogotsi , Geraldine Connor , Binyavanga Wainaina , bell hooks and Biyi Bandele ), The Observer , The Independent , The Sunday Times ,

17292-405: Was the patron of Independent Black Publishers (IBP), a trade association chaired by Verna Wilkins . The aim of IBP, as Busby was quoted as saying, was to "provide a forum for progressive black publishers to share initiatives, maximise mutual strengths and identify common difficulties, with a view to having a more effective impact on the book trade and the wider publishing industry", and in 2007 at

17424-604: Was unable to reciprocate a romantic relationship and eventually caused Martin to hate her. Martin returned the humiliation he felt when Mama visited him after the birth of Ursa. After smacking Mama around, Martin ripped her clothes and made her walk through the streets like a "whore." Mama and Martin's relationship exemplifies what could happen to Ursa if she doesn't find a way to live her own life, rather than just rehearsing that of her foremothers. With this new knowledge, Ursa redoubles her efforts in blues singing and begins to heal. When she reunites with Mutt, 22 years after their divorce,

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