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32-567: The municipality of Garmen has been a home to many tribes throughout the years, but most important have been the Thracians, Slavs and Protobulgarians. The Thracian tribe of Bessi was the main tribe that settled in the region and there are a large number of remains left in the area, proof of their rich life here. The villages of Blatska, Debren, Dabnitsa and Hvostyane have found fragments of Attic vessels and there are mound necropolises. In about 146 AD, after long battles between Roman troops and Thracians,

64-451: A "grand total of about 300 [known coins]". In 2020, researchers reassembled and translated a Greek inscription on a fragmented stone stela discovered in the city in 1923. The inscription is a letter from the Roman emperor Septimius Severus and his son Caracalla thanking the people of the city for a donation of 700,000 denarii. According to the archaeologists, the emperor treated the bribe as

96-642: A gift from the people, who wanted to gain the ruler’s favor because they had supported one of his rivals in 193 A.D. Gorno Dryanovo Gorno Dryanovo is a mountainous village in Garmen Municipality , in Blagoevgrad Province , Bulgaria . It is situated in the Dabrash part of the Rhodope Mountains 6 kilometers northeast of Garmen and 73 kilometers southeast of Blagoevgrad on

128-685: A votive relief of the Thracian horseman , a statuette of Hermes , an old Christian tumulus, over 95 gold and 22 other coins, glass, bronze and ceramic vessels and a ritual table. Some of these findings can be seen in the historical museum at Gotse Delchev . Close to Nicopolis ad Mestum there are remains of two early Christian basilica (4th century AD), which are believed to be part of the same site. The basilicas have mosaic floors with geometric and natural motifs. Nicopolis ad Mestum issued coins only once, under Caracalla and Geta , with heads of Caracalla, Geta and (more rarely) their mother Julia Domna on

160-573: Is a ruined Roman town in the province of Thracia ( Thrace ) near to the modern village of Garmen on the left bank of the Mesta river , in Garmen Municipality , Bulgaria . Although “ad Nestum” is the more commonly used alternative, “ad Mestum” (which is what appears, in Greek , on the coins of the city) is the correct form of the name during the Roman period. The town was one of two fortified towns founded to mark Emperor Trajan ’s victory in 105-106 AD over

192-470: Is also a variety of other trees which include willow, grey and black alder, poplars, hornbeam, oriental hornbeam, downy oak, lime, sessile oak, beech, acacia, birch, plane (sycamore), osier, etc. There is also a wide variety of bush and grass, and you can find 50% of all the varieties of medicinal plants that grow in Bulgaria here; you can also find fungi and berries as well. Some rare and protected plants found in

224-574: Is mentioned several times in the Ottoman registers during the Ottoman rule and they also built a Turkish grange in the area where Nicopolis ad Nestum was located. Until the 19th century the municipality was mainly a farming area and a few men worked as builders in the interior of the country and in the Aegean region. The first schools and churches were built in the area during the Bulgarian renaissance. Garmen's church

256-579: Is one of nine villages that have been entirely preserved Renaissance architecture in Bulgaria. There are caves near Osikovo, and the main cave in the area is the Maoilovata Doupka cave. This cave is the longest in the Dabrash ridge in the Rhodopes. It is a cave rich in formations and it houses endangered bat species. Ten out of 32 bat species in the country have been found here. The average annual temperature of

288-522: The Dacians . The area had been inhabited for about 14 centuries and attained its peak in late antiquity (4th-6th centuries AD). The original town occupied about 25-30 decаres . The Slavs destroyed Nicopolis in the 6th-7th centuries but it re-emerged as a medieval settlement in the late 10th century. Excavations have cleared 280 metres of fortress walls, administrative and religious buildings and tumuli . Several archaeological finds have been made, including

320-562: The March 2004 issue of The Celator . There is a listing of many of the types, with photographs, in Varbanov's catalog of Roman provincial coins from the Balkans; however, the descriptions are often inaccurate, and Varbanov's estimates of rarity and value should be ignored. All the coins of Nicopolis ad Mestum are rare, and some extremely so. Komnick listed only 237 in his catalog, and Jarman refers to

352-515: The Thracian and Roman times. Nowadays the village is inhabited by people of pomak origin, who are predominantly Muslim. There are no industrial subjects in the village. People grow tobacco and potatoes. Many men work as builders in the neighboring villages and abroad. There is a primary school "St Paisii Hiledarski", a kindergarten (a branch of the kindergarten in Ognyanovo ) and a community center with

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384-501: The area around Gotse Delchev fell to Roman rule. In 106 the emperor Trajan built the city Nicopolis ad Nestum in honor of the defeat. This town was destroyed at the end of the 6th century by the Slavs and the tribe of the Smolyani settled here. The Slavs were farmers and herdsmen. They grew millet, wheat, flax, hemp and leguminous plants and they also bred birds, cattle, sheep and goats. Garmen

416-667: The area was used as a Thracian sanctuary. The church of St. Nikola and other architectural treasures are in Kovachevitsa. This town was settled in the 15th century by Bulgarian emigrants and in the second half of the 18th century Bulgarian masters in masonry from the Kostursko region settled here and laid the foundations of a masonry center. The architecture is characterized by compact buildings and cobbled dead-end streets. The houses are covered with traditional stone slabs and six houses are declared cultural monuments of national significance. It

448-531: The black stork, short toed eagle, golden eagle, long-legged buzzard, black woodpecker, crag martin and the red-rumped swallow. There are also a number of bat species that are under protection which include Bechstein bat and the Barbastelle bat. [REDACTED] Media related to Garmen Municipality at Wikimedia Commons Nicopolis ad Nestum Nicopolis ad Nestum ( Ancient Greek : Νικόπολις ἡ περὶ Νέστον , Nikópolis hē perì Néston ) or Nicopolis ad Mestum ,

480-437: The cave is 8.7 °C and its length is 2,175 m. Ribnovo, the largest village in the municipality is known for its traditional lifestyle and retention of national customs. This is the only village in the country to perform a special wedding traditions where the bride paints her face white with sequence and is presented to her new husband and the community. There are also many hiking and eco-trails that were created through

512-412: The deer roe, marten, hazel dormouse, black stork, golden eagle, wood grouse, Rosalia longicorn and the wood ant. "Koziyat Kamak" (Goat Stone) and "Chernata Skala" (Black Rock) are located by the village of Kovachevitsa and are declared landmarks in 1976. This is a beautiful area with conifers and weathered granite rock. There are a number of regular holes hewn into the rock which make scientists think that

544-466: The educational base of the community. There are several kindergartens, too. Public libraries are functioning in the community centers in the villages. Garmen municipality includes the remains of the ancient town of Nikopolis ad Nestum which was created in 106 by the Roman emperor Traian in honor of his victory over the Daci tribe. The name means "The city of the victory near Mesta". This is thought to be one of

576-423: The first is known as the "Town Baths" and is along the valley of the river Kanina and the second is the so-called "Village Baths". The "Town Baths" contain 14 springs while the "Village Baths" contains 3-4 springs and is situated one kilometer northeast of the village. The mineral water is clear, odourless and pleasant to drink. Its temperatures range between 35 °C to 40 °C. There are a number of hotels along

608-495: The high altitude. It has one of the warmest climates in the country because it is between two climate zones-temperate continental and transitional Mediterranean. Annual precipitation is typically between 620 and 780 mm/m, distributed relatively evenly between all four seasons. The air humidity ranges from 60% to 75% throughout the year. Snow cover is usually only for 70–100 days per year. Two roads of third class: Gospodintsi – Blatska and Gotse Delchev – Satovcha go through

640-524: The mineral waters and it is a great way to relax in both summer and winter. The reserve "Tamnata Gora" (Dark Forest) is a declared and maintained reserve since 1999 which includes 30.2 hectares. It is situated 20 km southeast of the village of Kovachevitsa. It is the most valuable protected natural landmark in the area and preserves centuries old forests which include spruce, beech and fir trees. Some 92 plant species and 119 vertebrates of national, European and world significance are found here, these include

672-565: The most important settlements that connects the Aegean coast with the Thracian Valley. The town of Garmen also contains a very old plane that was named first in Bulgaria for Tree of the Year 2011 and second in the European Tree of the Year contest for 2011. The Ognyanovo hot springs, with their curative properties, attract many visitors. There are two groups of springs in the village of Ognyanovo,

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704-517: The municipality include Geum Rhodopaeum, Bulgarian Bush Cinquefoil and Lathraea Rodopaea, green foxglove, etc. Fauna in the area include red deer, deer roe, wild boar, bears, wolves, otters and a small amount of other large and small game. The municipality also contains part of the NATURA 2000 Network-"Mesta Zone" which is in the northern part of the municipality along the valley of the river Kanina. In this area you can find various birds species which include

736-416: The municipality of Garmen has a total population of 14,793 people. Most inhabitants are ethnic Bulgarians (65% of self-declared people), followed by ethnic Turks (around 16% of self-declared people) and Roma people (around 12% of self-declared people). According to the latest Bulgarian census of 2011, the religious composition, among those who answered the optional question on religious identification,

768-445: The municipality. The other roads are municipal roads of fourth class and all of them are with asphalt surface, but need repair. All the villages in the municipality are supplied with water, electricity and the bigger ones have digital phone lines and Internet. All the villages are covered with cellular phones. Every village has a post office. In the summer most of the villages are with insufficient water resources. As of 31 December 2018,

800-575: The obverses and mostly fairly standard reverse types of Tyche , Hygieia , Ares , Nemesis , etc. Coins of other rulers (e.g. Commodus ) referred to in some catalogs are forgeries or misread coins of other cities. Battered coins of Nicopolis ad Istrum in Lower Moesia , perhaps the most prolific mint in the Roman Balkans in the early third century, are often mistaken for issues of Mestum. The emission of coins from Nicopolis ad Mestum has been dated to

832-508: The project entitled "New Livelihood Alternatives For the Municipality of Garmen and Bosilovo Through Sustainable Tourism Development. This project was develop by the Municipality of Garmen along with the environmental NGO Borrowed Nature. The municipality of Garmen consists of 70% forests, which is 281,288 decares of land. Conifers are the main trees found here which include black pine, Scots pine, spruce, fir, white fir and European larch. There

864-405: The road to between Leshten and Kovachevitsa . The village was mentioned in the Ottoman documents in 1660. In the 19th century the village has been noted as Muslim. Ruins from an ancient fortress has been found 3 kilometers north of the village right of the road to Kovachevitsa . Only some remains of the wall on the southern and eastern side has been preserved. The fortress has been used in

896-426: The village of Leshten has the fewest people with only nine inhabitants. The village of Garmen has about 1,810 inhabitants. The Garmen Municipality has 388,479 decares of land, with 70% of that being forests. The highest point in the Municipality is 1,938 meter at Mount Beslet. There are also deep river valleys in the middle and southern part of the municipality. The municipality has a Mediterranean climate tempered by

928-634: The year 211, more precisely to the period between the death of Septimius Severus in February and the murder of Geta in December, by the German scholar Holger Komnick, author of the only comprehensive study of the coinage of this city (in the series Griechisches Münzwerk of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities ). This German-language publication has been reviewed by Francis Jarman in

960-480: Was liberated from the Ottoman rule in 1912. Most of the municipality is mountainous and forested. There are coal deposits near Baldevo and hot springs near Ognyanovo. Surrounding municipalities are: The following villages are located in Garmen Municipality: The total population of the municipality is about 16,380 (21 July 2005 census). The village of Ribnovo is the largest with 2,601 inhabitants while

992-774: Was named after St. George. There are built the Assumption church in Ognyanovo, St. Nicholas in Kovachevitsa, St. Paraskeva in Leshten, St. Paraskeva in Skrebatno and St. Dimitar in Osikovo. During the Russo-Turkish war (1877–1878) and during the Balkan wars (1912–1913) the population in the municipality joined volunteer troops to fight. In 1901 a volunteer "militia" was formed by Stoyko Pashkulev. The area

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1024-720: Was the following: The villages of the municipality are serviced by four local operators and from Gotse Delchev . There is no railway transport in the municipality. There are no major industrial subjects in the municipality. The tobacco is the most important source of income for the population. Sheep and goat farming are also presented. Seven GP doctors and six dentists work in the Garmen municipality area with no hospitals nearby. Two high schools in Garmen and Ribnovo and six primary schools Ognyanovo , Debren , Gorno Dryanovo , Dolno Dryanovo , Hvostyane and Dabnitsa , all of them municipal, form

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