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Gamos

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Gamos (1867–1893) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse that won the 1870 Epsom Oaks . Sold to William Graham as a yearling , Gamos won six out of eight starts as a two-year-old in 1869, but failed to improve her racing form after the 1870 Oaks. Gamos raced until she was four-years-old and retired from racing in 1871. Gamos was not successful as a breeding mare and died in 1893 after being sold for £15 in 1890.

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37-624: Gamos was bred by Lord Falmouth and was foaled at his Mereworth stud farm in 1867. Her sire, Saunterer, was a black horse bred by R.M. Jacques and foaled in 1854 at Easby Abbey in Yorkshire. He was owned during and after his three-year-old season by James Merry, winning the Chester Handicap and the 1858 Goodwood Cup . Her dam, Bess Lyon, was an unsuccessful racehorse that was bought by Lord Falmouth in 1860. Bess Lyon produced eight foals between 1865 and 1877, including four full-siblings to Gamos:

74-675: A fairground in operation on the Friday and Saturday. The walk-in nature of the Hill typically sees Derby attendances exceed 100,000 spectators, making it one of the largest sporting events in the United Kingdom. In 2021 and 2022 the race, along with seven other races at the Derby festival, was sponsored by Cazoo . Cazoo declined an option to extend their sponsorship and in April 2023 the bookmaker Betfred agreed

111-720: A few days later, Gamos won the Two-years-old Stakes by three-quarters of a length from Paté. Gamos's third win occurred at the June Summer Meeting at Windsor where she won the £170 Windsor Stakes against one other horse. On 29 July at Goodwood, Gamos won the Bentinck Memorial Stakes by a neck over Lord Falmouth's filly Gertrude. Gamos won the Lodmor Stakes at Weymouth and the Windsor Stakes for two-year-olds at

148-480: A three-year deal to sponsor the Derby and Oaks. Investec was the previous sponsor of the Derby between 2009 and 2020. The race was previously backed by Ever Ready (1984–94) and Vodafone (1995–2008). Winning distances are shown in lengths or shorter ( dh = dead-heat; shd = short-head; hd = head; snk = short-neck; nk = neck). 49. Kevin McCarthy and Michael Church's 17 page Academic Essay, "Where did

185-613: Is often used in the United States and elsewhere, in order to differentiate The Derby from other races such as the Irish Derby or German Derby . The Derby run at Epsom is usually referred to as "the Derby" in Great Britain. It is one of Britain's great national sporting events and has a large worldwide TV audience. The Stanley family, Earls of Derby, had a long history of horse-racing, and James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby , who gained

222-527: Is run at Epsom Downs Racecourse in Surrey on the first Saturday of June each year, over a distance of one mile, four furlongs and 10 yards (2,423 metres), or about 1½ miles. It was first run in 1780. It is Britain's richest flat horse race, and the most prestigious of the five Classics . It is sometimes referred to as the "Blue Riband" of the turf. The race serves as the middle leg of the historically significant Triple Crown of British horse racing, preceded by

259-667: The 2000 Guineas and followed by the St ;Leger , although the feat of winning all three is rarely attempted in the modern era due to changing priorities in racing and breeding, and the demands it places on horses. The name "Derby" (deriving from the sponsorship of the Earl of Derby ) has been borrowed many times, notably by the Kentucky Derby in the United States, and to describe many other key racing and sporting events. The term "Epsom Derby"

296-577: The AJC St Leger winner Lady Valais. Viscount Falmouth Viscount Falmouth is a title that has been created twice, first in the Peerage of England , and then in the Peerage of Great Britain . The first creation came in the Peerage of England in 1674 for George FitzRoy , an illegitimate son of King Charles II by Barbara Villiers . He was created Earl of Northumberland at the same time and in 1683 he

333-518: The world wars ; from 1915 to 1918 and from 1940 to 1945, the Derby was run at Newmarket as the 'New Derby'. With the race's close association with gambling, the most controversial running of the Epsom Derby took place in 1844. The winner, Running Rein, was disqualified on discovery that a four-year-old imposter, a horse by the name Maccabeus, had been substituted in his place as part of a betting coup. The Derby has inspired many similar events around

370-579: The 1868 Oaks, 1,000 Guineas Stakes and St. Leger Stakes with Formosa . William Graham was born in Dufton Wood and was a successful wrestler in the 1820s and 1830s and was a part owner of a gin distillery. Gamos was a tall, light chestnut filly that stood 16 hands high and was noted by The Farmer's Magazine as having an unattractive "plain looking" head set on a "lean, ungainly neck." Her shoulders were well formed, but her hocks were straight and her joints appeared infirm, attributes that did not "bear

407-551: The 23-year-old Gamos was sold for 15 guineas. Gamos died in 1893. Gamos is considered to be a failure as a broodmare and was referred to as "the mare of many headaches" by Baily's Magazine in 1875. Her most notable descendants trace to her 1876 filly , Blushing Bride, sired by Rosicrucian and her 1883 filly Rosy Brook sired by Muncaster. Through Blushing Bride, Gamos is the tail-female ancestor of 1922 Chilean St. Leger winner Isabelino, South African Derby winner Carlisle and Irish Derby winner Furore. Rosy Brook's descendants include

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444-409: The Derby became the world's first outdoor sporting event to be televised. There is a maximum of 20 runners allowed in the race. Since the 1993 edition, The Derby has introduced yearling entry. The system were canceled from 2024 edition and 2022 during COVID-19 pandemic. For many years the Derby was run on a Wednesday or a Thursday and on the day huge crowds would come from London, not only to see

481-427: The Derby was run on a Thursday in late May or early June, depending on when Easter occurred. In 1838 the race was moved to a Wednesday to fit in with the railways' timetables , but still followed the moveable feast of Easter. In the 20th century, the race was run mainly on a Wednesday in late May or early June until 1994, after which it was changed to a Saturday in early June. From 1915 to 1918 (during World War I ), it

518-720: The Household and Vice-Treasurer of Ireland. His son, the second Viscount, was a General in the Army and also sat as a Member of Parliament for Truro. He later served as Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard . His nephew, the third Viscount, held office as Captain of the Honourable Band of Gentlemen Pensioners from 1797 to 1799. His son, the fourth Viscount, represented Truro in the House of Commons . In 1821 he

555-791: The Lordship of Mann in 1627, instituted horse-racing on the Langness Peninsula on the Isle of Man , donating a cup for what became known as the " Manx Derby ". The Derby originated at a celebration following the first running of the Oaks Stakes in 1779. A new race was planned, and it was decided that it should be named after either the host of the party, the 12th Earl of Derby , or one of his guests, Sir Charles Bunbury (the Bunbury Cup run at Newmarket would later be named in his honour). According to legend

592-613: The Newmarket October Meeting. She finished second in two races: the half-mile Gopsal Park Stakes at Leicester and the Woburn Park Stakes at Bedford. Gamos's first start of the season was for the mile and a half Bath Biennial Stakes held in May. Practically every inn in town had been filled to capacity due to Mr. Merry announcing that his erstwhile unbeatable colt Macgregor would run in the £600 Biennial. A recent drought had made

629-521: The Oaks running, the luncheon tickets were inscribed "Gamos" in a nod to the filly. The running of the Oaks Stakes was regarded as "dull" with decreased attendance and a card of only seven runners, the "smallest field for the last half-century." The Annual Register characterized the mood as "a general flatness over all and every thing." Gamos did not factor in the betting, her popularity being greatly reduced with

666-437: The Oaks to the current distance of 1½ miles in 1784. Lord Derby achieved his first success in the event in 1787, with a horse called Sir Peter Teazle . The starting point of the race was moved twice during the 19th century. The first move, suggested by Lord George Bentinck , was in 1848, and the second was in 1872. It was discovered in 1991 that the exact length of the race was one mile, four furlongs and 10 yards. Initially,

703-704: The Princess of Wales's Stakes at the Newmarket Spring Meeting, beating the filly Mahonia. Gamos was acquired by Lord Portsmouth and Mr. Merry (of the Hurstbourne Stud) after her racing career ended in 1872. She was sold with her foal by Lord Lyon to William Blenkiron in June 1873 for 1,000 guineas. Gamos was sold at the Middle Park Stud dispersal sale in 1878 and was bought by Mr. R. Peek for 1000 guineas. In 1890,

740-532: The decision was made by the toss of a coin, but it is probable that Bunbury, the Steward of the Jockey Club , deferred to his host. The inaugural running of the Derby was held on Thursday 4 May 1780. It was won by Diomed , a colt owned by Sir Charles Bunbury, who collected prize money of £1,065 15s. The first four runnings were contested over the last mile of the old Orbicular course <49>, this extended in line with

777-446: The fillies Loadstar and Marriage (sent to South Africa in 1875) and the colts Libertine and King George. In the later part of 1867, Bess Lyon and Gamos were sold for £600 to William Blenkiron , who owned the Middle Park Stud in Kent . In 1868, William Graham (1808–1876) purchased Gamos for 220 guineas at Blenkiron's yearling sale. Graham had won the 1865 Oaks with Regalia and had captured

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814-506: The frontrunners Hawthorndale and Paté maintaining a lead until the half-mile post. Hester quickly ran past Paté after the half-mile but faded at the Tattenham Corner turn, yielding to Paté. Sunshine, Paté, Gamos and Gertrude ran together at the half-distance, Fordham pulling Gamos into the lead over Sunshine. Gamos hung on to the lead and won the race by a length with Mr. Merry's Sunshine finishing second and Mr. England's Paté third. Gamos

851-412: The latter half of the 20th century, Derby Day became less popular and the race was moved from Wednesday to Saturday in 1995 with the hope of reviving high attendance. As the number of people attending the fair dwindled in the face of competition for attention and changing tastes, its length was reduced from 10 days to three or four. Today, the free-admission Hill still provides a festival atmosphere with

888-403: The least resemblance to her sire." From Harry Hall 's 1870 portrait of the filly, Gamos had a narrow white blaze , a completely white muzzle and socks on her hind legs. Her coarse looks were attributed to Bess Lyon's influence, as she was noted for producing "ugly foals." Graham selected Greek and Latin names for his two-year-old horses in 1869. Gamos is a Greek word that means marriage. Gamos

925-457: The public after her "disgraceful" loss to Mr. Merry's colt Macgregor at Bath. Two days before the Oaks, Macgregor, who had been heavily favoured for The Derby , broke down in the running while ridden by George Fordham. His poor performance was purported to be due to lameness incurred during the Biennial Stakes at Bath. Fordham rode Gamos in the Oaks and held back the filly for most of the race,

962-429: The race but to enjoy other entertainment (during some of the 19th century and most of the 20th, Parliament would adjourn to allow members to attend the meeting). By the time that Charles Dickens visited Epsom Downs to view the race in the 1850s, entertainers such as musicians, clowns, and conjurers plied their trades and entertained the crowds; other forms of entertainment included coconut stalls. The crowded meeting

999-497: The third Viscount. Lord Falmouth married in 1845 Mary Frances Elizabeth Boscawen, 17th Baroness le Despencer (see the Baron le Despencer ). In 1872 Viscount Falmouth was listed as one of the top ten landowners in Cornwall, with an estate of 25,910 acres (104.9 km ) or 3.41% of the total area of Cornwall. They were both succeeded by their son, the seventh Viscount and eighteenth Baron, who

1036-551: The turf extremely hard, its texture later likened to adamantine by the press. For the first mile of the race, Macgregor (ridden by Grimshaw) and Gamos (ridden by Fordham) were evenly matched, but at the turn Macgregor "quitted Gamos in such a way that the later appeared to be standing still." He passed the Lady Sommerset filly and Recorder to win the race by 12 lengths, Gamos finishing third but not officially placed. At William Blenkiron's annual Middle Park Stud yearling sale before

1073-807: The world. European variations include the Derby Italiano , the Deutsches Derby , the Irish Derby and the Prix du Jockey Club (popularly known in the British Isles as the "French Derby"). Several races in the United States include the "Derby" name, including the oldest, the Kentucky Derby . Other national equivalents include the Australian Derby , the New Zealand Derby , and the Japanese Derby . In 1931,

1110-462: Was a Major-General in the Army. He was allegedly the father of Lady Randolph Churchill's second son, John (1880–1947). Since 1889 the ancient barony of Le Despencer has been a subsidiary title of the viscountcy of Falmouth. As of 2022 the titles are held by his great-grandson, the tenth Viscount, who succeeded his 102-year-old father in March of that year. The Conservative politician Robert Boscawen

1147-504: Was created Earl of Falmouth , in the County of Cornwall, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom . He was succeeded by his son, the second Earl. He briefly represented Cornwall West in the House of Commons. On his death in 1852 the earldom became extinct while he was succeeded in the other titles by his first cousin, the sixth Viscount. He was the son of Reverend John Evelyn Boscawen, second son of

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1184-486: Was made Duke of Northumberland . However, he left no heirs, so the titles became extinct at his death in 1716. The second creation came in the Peerage of Great Britain in 1720 for Hugh Boscawen (c.1680-1734). He was made Baron Boscawen-Rose at the same time, also in the Peerage of Great Britain. Boscawen had earlier represented Tregony , Cornwall , Truro and Penryn in Parliament and notably served as Comptroller of

1221-440: Was on a Tuesday, with the race's latest ever date being 31 July 1917. From 1942 to 1945 (during World War II ), 1947 to 1950, and in 1953, the race was run on a Saturday. From 1969 to 1994, it was on the first Wednesday in June. From 2003 to at least 2022, it has been on the first Saturday in June, apart from a race on 4 July 2020 without spectators, owing to COVID-19 . The Derby has been run at Epsom in all years except during

1258-652: Was second in the Bentinck Memorial Stakes at Goodwood, losing by a neck to Lady of Lyons. She was third in the Yorkshire Oaks won by Gertrude and second in the Park Hill Stakes won by Agility. In her final win of the season, Gamos won the Grand Duke Michael at Newmarket by two lengths. Gamos ran four times as a four-year-old. She was unplaced in the Great Handicap held at Lincoln and in two other races. She won

1295-506: Was the subject of a painting by William Powell Frith painted in the 1858 and titled The Derby Day ; critics have noted that the foreground of the painting features the entertainment attractions, while the racing is relegated to the margins. In the 1870s, the steam-driven rides were introduced. They were located at the Tattenham Corner end of the grounds and the fair was on for ten days and entertained hundreds of thousands. During

1332-620: Was the younger brother of the ninth Viscount. The family seat is Tregothnan , near Truro , Cornwall . The heir apparent is his son, Hon. Evelyn George William Boscawen (born 1979). The heir apparent's heir apparent is his son, Evelyn Ralph Constantine Boscawen (born 2015). Epsom Derby The Derby Stakes , also known as the Derby or the Epsom Derby , is a Group 1 flat horse race in England open to three-year-old colts and fillies . It

1369-506: Was trained at Beckhampton by Henry Woolcott. William Graham used pseudonyms when entering his horses in races. For Gamos and Formosa, he used the name G. Jones. In her two-year-old season, Gamos won six and was second in two races, accruing £1,654 in stakes winnings. At her first career start on 19 May at Bath ridden by George Fordham , Gamos won the Weston Stakes by a length over the filly Lady of Lyons and ten other horses. At Harpenden

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