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29-743: HCLS is a member of PINES , a program of the Georgia Public Library Service that covers 53 library systems in 143 counties of Georgia. Any resident in a PINES supported library system has access to over 10.6 million books in the system's circulation. The library is also serviced by GALILEO, a program of the University System of Georgia which stands for "GeorgiA LIbrary LEarning Online". This program offers residents in supported libraries access to over 100 databases indexing thousands of periodicals and scholarly journals. It also boasts over 10,000 journal titles in full text. The first origins of

58-681: A catalog of roughly 15,000 journal articles. It was used to develop and test concepts for library automation. A deployment of three Intrex BRISC CRT consoles for testing at the MIT Engineering Library in 1972 showed that it was preferred over two other systems, ARDS and DATEL. The 1970s can be characterized by improvements in computer storage, as well as in telecommunications. As a result of these advances, "turnkey systems on microcomputers", known more commonly as integrated library management systems (ILS) finally appeared. These systems included necessary hardware and software which allowed

87-599: A library in Hall County began in 1933 in Grace Episcopal Church. This small library housed very few books and was founded by the ladies of the church. In 1936 the church was severely damaged due to the famous Tupelo-Gainesville tornado , and residents of the community were forced to build the groundwork for a new public library to serve the community. In 1937 the Hall County Library Board met to decide on

116-609: A new library but it was vetoed by the county judge. Another attempt in 1958 was subsequently voted down. Not until 1967 did Hall County agree to build their own library, and it was dedicated as the regional headquarters for the Chestatee Regional Library System in 1970. The next decade was full of expansion. 1975 saw the introduction of the Library for the Blind and Physically Handicapped. The Clermont Branch opened in 1981, and

145-409: A new location for the library. Without enough funding, the library hosted a Library Day event in which they raised money to purchase new volumes and increase capital for a new location. Still, without enough money to open a standalone library, the collection was moved to the basement of the courthouse in 1938. With the ever-growing collection, the board decided to open up depository libraries throughout

174-632: A partnership since they no longer have the power of owning the ILS software and tying down libraries to strict contracts. This has been the case with the SCLENDS consortium; following the success of Evergreen for the Georgia PINES library consortium, the South Carolina State Library along with some local public libraries formed the SCLENDS consortium in order to share resources and to take advantage of

203-461: A reality, administered by the current Georgia Public Library Service (GPLS). It initially was used as a Y2K state-funded project to address needs of public libraries without Y2K-compliant ILS computer services. These libraries, mostly rural, were deemed not to have programs that would survive into the 21st century. Some libraries were still not automated as well. The PINES initiative would give these libraries access first, bringing their services into

232-574: A result, the GPLS explored the possibility of creating their own software, and on June 4, 2004, a press release by the state librarian outlined a two-year development plan for a new PINES ILS software called Evergreen . The new ILS was completed and ready to go live in September 2006. On September 1, the Sirsi ILS was taken offline, and by September 5 Evergreen was up and running. Due to the success of Evergreen it

261-475: Is the nearly statewide library consortium and its online library catalog of the Georgia Public Library Service . By June 2017, the catalog consisted of books from 284 library facilities in 143 counties across the U.S. state of Georgia with a collection size of 10.6 million items, all of which are searchable by anyone with a PINES library card which can be obtained free of charge from any PINES-participating library. The PINES system effectively turns most of

290-631: Is usually made up of a relational database , software to interact with that database, and two graphical user interfaces (one for patrons, one for staff). Most ILSes separate software functions into discrete programs called modules, each of them integrated with a unified interface. Examples of modules might include: Each patron and item has a unique ID in the database that allows the ILS to track its activity. Prior to computerization, library tasks were performed manually and independently from one another. Selectors ordered materials with ordering slips, cataloguers manually catalogued sources and indexed them with

319-581: The card catalog system (in which all bibliographic data was kept on a single index card), fines were collected by local bailiffs, and users signed books out manually, indicating their name on clue cards which were then kept at the circulation desk. Early mechanization came in 1936, when the University of Texas began using a punch card system to manage library circulation. While the punch card system allowed for more efficient tracking of loans, library services were far from being integrated, and no other library task

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348-425: The open-source software Evergreen , an integrated library system which it and other library consortia use to manage their online catalogs. In 1998 a white paper was created exploring the feasibility of a statewide public library card for Georgia. As Georgia had consistently ranked among the lowest states in public library funding per capita it was agreed that a universal library card could be of great benefit to

377-740: The Blackshear Place Library was opened in 1991. In 1994 new branches were constructed in Murrayville and Rabbittown. With such a large increase in library space and a vast expansion in collection size, Hall County decided to leave the library system in 1997 and form their own. Finally, in 2008 the Spout Springs Branch Library was opened in Flowery Branch. Public Information Network for Electronic Services The Public Information Network for Electronic Services (or PINES )

406-871: The ILS market grew exponentially. By 2002, the ILS industry averaged sales of approximately US$ 500 million annually, compared to just US$ 50 million in 1982. By the mid to late 2000s, ILS vendors had increased not only the number of services offered but also their prices, leading to some dissatisfaction among many smaller libraries. At the same time, open-source ILS was in its early stages of testing. Some libraries began turning to such open-source ILSs as Koha and Evergreen . Common reasons noted were to avoid vendor lock-in, avoid license fees, and participate in software development. Freedom from vendors also allowed libraries to prioritize needs according to urgency, as opposed to what their vendor can offer. Libraries which have moved to open-source ILS have found that vendors are now more likely to provide quality service in order to continue

435-788: The connection of major circulation tasks, including circulation control and overdue notices. As the technology developed, other library tasks could be accomplished through ILS as well, including acquisition, cataloguing , reservation of titles, and monitoring of serials . With the evolution of the Internet throughout the 1990s and into the 2000s, ILSs began allowing users to more actively engage with their libraries through an OPACs and online web-based portals. Users could log into their library accounts to reserve or renew books, as well as authenticate themselves for access to library-subscribed online databases . Education for librarians responded with new focus on systems analysis. Inevitably, during this time,

464-516: The county rather than build a centralized location. Several of these depository libraries were created and established in various places such as: a grocery store in Murrayville, the town hall of Lula, a beauty shop in Flowery Branch, and one final location in Clermont. The first branch library was still not its own building but rather used space in one of the classroom of Northwestern School, a private school for black students. This location soon moved across

493-416: The customer can choose to self-install or to have the system installed by the vendor on their own hardware. The customer can be responsible for the operation and maintenance of the application and the data, or the customer can choose to be supported by the vendor with an annual maintenance contract. Some vendors charge for upgrades to the software. Customers who subscribe to a web (hosted) service upload data to

522-708: The library systems of the Columbus metropolitan area are also outside of the PINES system. In February 2018, the Live Oak Public Libraries of the Savannah metropolitan area joined the PINES consortium. Integrated library system An integrated library system ( ILS ), also known as a library management system ( LMS ), is an enterprise resource planning system for a library , used to track items owned, orders made, bills paid, and patrons who have borrowed. An ILS

551-481: The market. These included OCLC (1967), Research Libraries Group (which has since merged with OCLC), and the Washington Library Network (which became Western Library Network and is also now part of OCLC). The Intrex Retrieval System ran on CTSS starting in the late 1960s. Intrex was an experimental, pilot-model machine-oriented bibliographic storage and retrieval system with a database that stored

580-465: The modern era. Looking to complete the project before the year 2000, on April 8, 1999, the initial contract to develop the ILS was awarded to KPMG partnered with the SIRSI Corporation and Sun Microsystems . In December 1999 the new software was finished and ready for deployment. In that same month Phase 1 of PINES went live with 98 affiliated libraries. For the next two years other libraries saw

609-607: The number increased to 8%, in 2010 12%, and in 2011 11% of the libraries polled had adopted open-source ILSs. The following year's survey (published in April 2013) reported an increase to 14%, stating that "open source ILS products, including Evergreen and Koha, continue to represent a significant portion of industry activity. Of the 794 contracts reported in the public and academic arena, 113, or 14 percent, were for support services for these open source systems." The use of cloud-based library management systems has increased drastically since

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638-461: The open-source nature of the Evergreen ILS to meet their specific needs. By October 2011, just 2 years after SCLENDS began operations, 13 public library systems across 15 counties had already joined the consortium, in addition to the South Carolina State Library. Librarytechnology.org does an annual survey of over 2,400 libraries and noted in 2008 2% of those surveyed used open-source ILS, in 2009

667-418: The residents of Georgia as long as the affiliated libraries were unified under one single integrated library system (ILS). It was also believed that by establishing a state-wide library cost to individual library systems would be lowered as they wouldn't need to maintain their own integrated library systems, and certain tasks could be centralized through the state saving additional time. By 1999 PINES became

696-452: The rise of cloud technology started. According to NIST , cloud computing can include a variety of "characteristics (e.g. self-service, resource pooling, and elasticity), management models (e.g. service, platform, or infrastructure focus), and deployment models (e.g. public, private)", and this is also true of cloud-based library systems. Library computer systems tend to fall into two categories of software: With distributed software

725-434: The state of Georgia into one huge library. PINES cardholders are able to request an interlibrary loan from any affiliated library, and the single statewide library card grants access to the hundreds of branches associated with the service. PINES also manages the booking of rooms, the use of remote self-check machines, allows automated search and retrieval, as well as supports RSS and Schema.org standards. PINES developed

754-591: The street to the Fair Street School. In the 1950s a bookmobile was started, carrying between 1000 and 1500 books at any given time. By 1953 Hall County and Lumpkin County decided to make a joint library consortium to pool their collections together and began the Chestatee Regional Library System . Now, with heightened need for a dedicated library building, the town voted on a budget in 1956 to build

783-405: The success of PINES, and rather than replace their outdated ILS with a new independent one, requested to join the statewide system. In 2001 Phase 2 of PINES went live with an addition 111 libraries joining the service. In 2004 the GPLS decided not to renew their contract with KPMG/Sirsi after being advised that under the current software no more libraries would be able to be added to the system. As

812-428: Was affected by this change. The next big innovation came with the advent of MARC standards in the 1960s, which coincided with the growth of computer technologies – library automation was born. From this point onwards, libraries began experimenting with computers, and, starting in the late 1960s and continuing into the 1970s, bibliographic services utilizing new online technology and the shared MARC vocabulary entered

841-758: Was awarded the Mellon Award for Technology Collaboration in 2007 by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation . Since its initial release, Evergreen is now used in over 1,800 libraries around the world, including the highest-circulating library in the United States, the King County Library System . There are several library systems in Georgia outside of the PINES system. Most of those are in the Atlanta metropolitan area , but

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