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61-602: She was born in Lansing, Michigan to Clifford and Helen (née Dailey) Baker. She attended Marygrove College and then the American Film Institute at age 56. She was awarded AFI’s Mary Pickford Prize for top screenplay. Her best-known novels were I’m Running Away From Home but I’m Not Allowed to Cross the Street: A Primer of Women’s Liberation , Heartbreak Hotel , Impatient With Desire and Searching for Tamsen Donner . Burton

122-463: A 12-year-old, 3,000-pound female dancing elephant named Rajje (alternately reported as Raji and Little Rajjee, among other variations) rebelled against her trainer during a performance in a shopping-center circus near what was then Logan Street and Holmes Road in Lansing, and escaped into the streets, aggravated by the frenzied pursuit of nearly 4,000 local residents. The incident ended with the shooting of

183-679: A 1904 newspaper article, which cited a memoir told by Daniel W. Buck, a respected Lansing mayor and son of one of the early pioneers. His story was cited in Michigan pioneer papers and retold in newspaper articles multiple times in the decades that followed. His characterization of the city as being born from a "land scam" was incorrect, though his story had some elements of truth as well. The brothers were William and Jerry Ford. Although they were originally from New York, they were well-respected businessmen who hailed from Jackson and were instrumental during its earliest years. In 1836, they bought 290 acres in

244-608: A Midwestern humid continental climate ( Köppen Dfb/Dfa ) that is influenced by the Great Lakes , and is part of USDA Hardiness zone 5b. Winters are cold with moderate to heavy snowfall, while summers are very warm and humid. The monthly daily average temperature in July is 71.5 °F (21.9 °C), while the same figure for January is 23.4 °F (−4.8 °C); the annual mean is 48.21 °F (9.01 °C). On average, temperatures reach or exceed 90 °F (32.2 °C) on 8.8 days of

305-513: A consensus because of constant political wrangling, the Michigan House of Representatives privately chose the Township of Lansing out of frustration. When announced, many present openly laughed that such an insignificant settlement was now Michigan's capital. Two months later, Governor William L. Greenly signed into law the act of the legislature making Lansing Township the state capital. With

366-543: A couple to crowds or in living room intimate settings among neighbors about the impact of working for equality for men and women, and how this would help family dynamics. Burton studied psychology at Marygrove College, the first in her family to go to college. She then became a missionary in Barbados for a year, followed by moving to Washington D.C. to become a teacher. Her husband joined the NIMH (National Institute for Mental Health) as

427-477: A growing season of 149 days. The average window for measurable snow (≥0.1 in or 0.25 cm) is November 4 through April 6. See or edit raw graph data . As of the 2010 census , there were 114,297 people, 48,450 households, and 26,234 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,174.9 inhabitants per square mile (1,225.8/km ). There were 54,181 housing units at an average density of 1,505.0 per square mile (581.1/km ). The racial makeup of

488-505: A lesser extent along Kalamazoo Street. It is anchored by Frandor Shopping Center on the very eastern edge of the eastside. The Westside, roughly located north, west, and south of the Grand River as it curves through the city, is sometimes regarded as the city's most socio-economically diverse section. This side also contains Lansing's downtown area, though this neighborhood is often included as an area all its own. Outside downtown, this side

549-524: A researcher of child development, after his work in Europe with Jean Piaget; his best-known contribution is in the field of children and the development of morality. Gabrielle Burton's understanding of psychology research created a solid team as a couple which influenced their decision to move to Buffalo, New York to actively pursue raising children as a parenting team. In 2002, she wrote the screen play for Manna from Heaven . Upon her death, Gabrielle Burton

610-563: A tributary of the Red Cedar, flows northward through the southeastern part of the city. There are two lakes in the area, Park Lake and Lake Lansing , both northeast of the city. Lake Lansing is approximately 500 acres (2.0 km ) in size and is a summer favorite for swimmers, boaters, and fishermen. Michigan State University Sailing Club and the Lansing Sailing Club are located on Lake Lansing, where sailing regattas are hosted throughout

671-565: Is largely a collection of residential neighborhoods and is served by only one other commercial area along Saginaw Street. However, it also includes a small part of the Old Town Commercial Association. The Northwestside, generally located north of the Grand River, with the city limits defining its north and western borders, is physically the smallest side of the city. This part of the city includes moderate-density residential areas and some green areas. North of Grand River Avenue,

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732-410: Is mostly in the county, although portions of the city extend west into Eaton County and north into Clinton County . The 2020 census placed the city's population at 112,644, making it the sixth most populous city in Michigan . The population of its metropolitan statistical area ( MSA ) was 541,297 at the 2020 census, the third largest in the state after metropolitan Detroit and Grand Rapids . It

793-533: Is the largest area of the city by both physical size and population, it has often been regarded by Southside citizens as Lansing's most overlooked and forgotten area, as most of Lansing's attention in recent decades has been put into the revitalization of the city's historic core located mostly on small parts of both the East and Westside. The middle of the Southside—South-Central Lansing—contains

854-660: Is the site of the Michigan State Capitol , the state Supreme Court , the Court of Appeals , a federal court , the Library of Michigan and Historical Center, and headquarters of four national insurance companies. Lansing is the only U.S. state capital (among the 47 located in counties) that is not also a county seat . The seat of government of Ingham County is Mason , but the county maintains some offices in Lansing. The first recorded person of European descent to travel through

915-664: Is to collect and preserve Michigan publications, conduct reference and research, and support libraries statewide. The Library of Michigan has been a division of the Michigan Department of Education since 2009. A key service of the Library of Michigan is the Michigan eLibrary (MeL), one of the first online libraries on the Internet. MeL provides full-text articles, books, Michigan history materials, and evaluated web sites to residents of

976-487: The "Village of Michigan". On February 16, 1842, Alaiedon township was split into the townships of Lansing, Delhi and Meridian (originally suggested as "Genoa") based on a petition submitted in December 1841 by Henry North, Roswell Everett and Zalmon Holmes. Henry North proposed the name "Lansing" for the township at the request of his father, who wanted it named after their old town of Lansing, New York . On February 15, 1859,

1037-451: The City of Lansing, and does not include the 0.18 square miles (0.47 km ) of the combined Hawk Island County Park and adjacent Soldan Dog Park operated by Ingham County within the city of Lansing. All together then, 3.55 square miles (9.2 km ) of the city (or approximately 10%) is publicly administered open space. The city's downtown is dominated by state government buildings, especially

1098-580: The Eastside, Westside, Northwestside, and Southside. Each section contains a diverse array of neighborhoods. The Eastside, located east of the Grand River and north of the Red Cedar River, is the most ethnically diverse side of Lansing, with foreign-born citizens making up more of its population than any other side in the city. The Eastside's commercial districts are located mainly along Michigan Avenue, and to

1159-679: The House Appropriations Committee room on the third floor. A fire in the State Office Building where the library was housed in 1951 destroyed 20,000 books and damaged 30,000 more. Public Act 540 of 1982 created the Library of Michigan and transferred control of the library from the Department of Education to the Legislative Council. Three years later, the Library of Michigan Foundation, which secures funds to support

1220-619: The Old Everett Area. This location once contained the Everett School District and was annexed into the city in 1948. Unincorporated areas adjacent to Lansing include parts of Lansing Charter Township , such as the unincorporated community of Edgemont Park , as well as parts of Delta Charter Township , such as the unincorporated community of Waverly . Though they are not part of the City of Lansing, these unincorporated communities often use Lansing mailing addresses. Lansing has

1281-561: The Pixie-Eared Elephant" in continuity with the ambush of Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow in his introduction to a 1968 biography of the outlaws. Then teenage Lansing residents who had goaded the elephant later on recalled the incident with sober regret in a local newspaper retrospective in 2011. Lansing is the centerpiece of a region of Michigan known as Mid-Michigan . According to the United States Census Bureau ,

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1342-522: The State Capitol; but downtown has also experienced recent growth in new restaurants, retail stores and residential developments. Downtown Lansing had a historic city market that was one of the oldest continuously operating farmers' markets in the United States, until it closed in 2019. Downriver and north of downtown is historic Old Town Lansing with many architecturally significant buildings dating to

1403-424: The age of 18 living with them, 35.8% were married couples living together, 17.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.7% were non-families. 33.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.1% had someone living alone who was 65  years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 3.08. In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.8% under

1464-474: The age of 18, 11.4% from 18 to 24, 32.7% from 25 to 44, 19.3% from 45 to 64, and 9.7% who were 65  years of age or older. The median age was 31  years. For every 100 females, there were 92.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.9 males. The median income for a household in the city was $ 34,833, and the median income for a family was $ 41,283. Males had a median income of $ 32,648 versus $ 27,051 for females. The per capita income for

1525-487: The ages of 18 and 24; 30.2% were from 25 to 44; 23.8% were from 45 to 64; and 9.7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.4% male and 51.6% female. As of the 2000 census , there were 119,128 people, 49,505 households, and 28,366 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,399.0 inhabitants per square mile (1,312.4/km ). There were 53,159 housing units at an average density of 1,516.8 per square mile (585.6/km ). The racial makeup of

1586-453: The announcement that Lansing Township had been made the capital, the small settlement quickly transformed into the seat of state government. Within months after it became the capital city, further individual settlements began to develop around it, along three key points along the Grand River in the township: The collection of original settlements ("Upper Town", "Lower Town" and "Middle Town") had for some years been collectively referred to as

1647-536: The area that is now Lansing was British fur trader Hugh Heward and his French-Canadian team on April 24, 1790, while canoeing the Grand River . The land that was to become Lansing was surveyed as "Township 4 North Range 2 West" in February 1827 in what was then dense forest. It was the last of the county's townships to be surveyed, and the land was not offered for sale until October 1830. There would be no roads to this area for decades to come. Historians have lamented

1708-430: The city has a total area of 36.68 square miles (95.00 km ), of which 36.05 square miles (93.37 km ) is land and 0.63 square miles (1.63 km ) is water. This figure includes two 425 Agreements with Alaiedon Township and Meridian Township, and the four 425 Agreements with Delta Township since 2000. Since the 2010 census, the city has entered into two additional 425 Agreements. The first agreement consisted of

1769-494: The city in 1813, but these events led to the dire need to have the center of government relocated further away from hostile British territory . There was also concern with Detroit's strong influence over Michigan politics, being the state's largest city as well as the capital city. During the multi-day session to determine a new location for the state capital, many cities, including Ann Arbor , Marshall , and Jackson , lobbied hard to win this designation. Unable to publicly reach

1830-431: The city was $ 17,924. About 13.2% of families and 16.9% of the population were below the poverty line , including 23.2% of those under age 18 and 9.0% of those age 65 or over. Library of Michigan The Library of Michigan is the state library of the U.S. state of Michigan , located in the state capital, Lansing . It is housed in the 5-story Michigan Library and Historical Center building. The library's purpose

1891-415: The city was 61.2% White (55.5% non-Hispanic White), 23.7% African American, 0.8% Native American, 3.7% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 4.3% from other races, and 6.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 12.5% of the population. Foreign-born residents made up 8.3% of the population. The median age in the city was 32.2 years. 24.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 12.3% were between

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1952-491: The city was 65.28% White (61.4% non-Hispanic White), 21.91% African American, 0.80% Native American, 2.83% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 4.54% from other races, and 4.60% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10.0% of the population. The city's foreign-born population stood at 5.9%. As of 2000, the city's population rose by 32,293 (27%) to 151,421 during the day due to the influx of workers. There were 49,505 households, out of which 30.0% had children under

2013-574: The city's economy is diversified among government service, healthcare, manufacturing, insurance, banking, and education. In the late 1840s to early 1850s, the citizens of Lansing were unified against slavery, and the city became a secondary stop on the Underground Railroad , as one of the last steps of an escape route that led through Battle Creek, Schoolcraft and Cassopolis. From Lansing, the route led to Durand, and then to either Port Huron or Detroit. The Kerns Hotel fire on December 11, 1934,

2074-510: The city. The area is largely residential in nature (south of Mount Hope Road near the northern edge) and is served by numerous commercial strips along Cedar Street, Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard , Pennsylvania Avenue, and Waverly Road, which run north–south. The large Edgewood District is located in the southernmost part of the Southside and is sometimes referred to as South Lansing. Though it

2135-442: The elephant by Lansing police. Provoked by the growing crowd, Rajje's rampage took her through the men's wear, sporting goods and gift departments of a local Arlan's discount store before leading police on a two-mile chase in which she knocked down and injured a 67-year-old man, tried to move a car, and caused thousands of dollars in damage before being killed. Life Magazine quoted Rajje's trainer, William Pratt, as shouting at

2196-531: The far south side of Lansing along Northrup Street near the Cedar Street intersection, to 833 feet (254 m) to 805.5 feet (246 m) above sea level along the Grand River. The Grand River, the largest river in Michigan, flows through downtown Lansing, and the Red Cedar River, a tributary of the Grand, flows through the campus of Michigan State University to its confluence with the Grand in Lansing. Sycamore Creek ,

2257-493: The last −20 °F (−29 °C) or colder reading occurred on February 27, 1994; the record low maximum is −4 °F (−20 °C) on January 22, 1883, while, conversely, the record high minimum is 78 °F (26 °C) on August 1, 2006, and July 18, 1942. Freezing temperatures in June are exceedingly rare and have not occurred in July or August since the 19th century; on average, they arrive on October 4 and depart on May 7, allowing

2318-430: The less successful Clarkmobile around 1903. Over the next decades, the city would be transformed into a major American industrial center for the manufacturing of automobiles and parts , among other industries. The city also continued to grow in area. By 1956, the city had grown to 15 square miles (39 km ), and doubled in size over the next decade to its current size of roughly 33 square miles (85 km ). Today,

2379-459: The library's priority programs and projects, was established. In 1988, the Michigan Library and Historical Center opened, tripling the Library of Michigan's space and merging its full collection of books in one place for the first time since the 1951 fire. In 2001, the library was moved to the new Department of History, Arts and Libraries. After that department's abolition in 2009, the library

2440-453: The main street of the side, lie warehouses and light industrial areas served by a major rail line that runs through Lansing. The most notable landmark of this side is Lansing's airport: Capital Region International Airport . The Southside, usually described as the neighborhoods located south of the Grand and Red Cedar rivers and the I-496 freeway, is physically the largest and most populous side of

2501-405: The mid-19th century. Directly south of downtown on the other side of I-496 along Washington Avenue lies " REO Town ", the birthplace of the automobile in the United States, is where Ransom Eli Olds built factories along Washington Avenue. Ransom Eli Olds ' home, which once overlooked the factories along Washington Avenue, was displaced by I-496. Lansing is generally divided into four sections:

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2562-612: The next two decades with the completion of the railroads through the city, a plank road , and the completion of the current capitol building in 1878. Most of what is known as Lansing today is the result of the city becoming an industrial powerhouse which began with the founding of Olds Motor Vehicle Company in August 1897. The company went through many changes, including a buyout, between its founding to 1905 when founder Ransom E. Olds started his new REO Motor Car Company , which would last in Lansing for another 70 years. Olds would be joined by

2623-442: The northwest corner of Ingham County. They platted the land and hoped to build a community they named Biddle City, located south of the convergence of the Grand River and the Red Cedar River, in Lansing's present-day REO Town neighborhood. Biddle City's plat map included plans for a public square, church square and academy square. They sold 21 parcels of it — mostly to other Michiganders, not New Yorkers — and buyers understood that it

2684-442: The persistence of a myth about Lansing's founding. The incorrect story of Lansing's beginnings states that in the winter of 1835 and early 1836, two brothers from New York plotted the area now known as REO Town just south of downtown Lansing and named it "Biddle City". This land lay in a floodplain and was underwater during the majority of the year. Nevertheless, the brothers went back to Lansing, New York , to sell plots for

2745-584: The scene, "Damn these people [...] They wouldn't leave her alone." The incident was widely reported, including a photospread in Life . While the Lansing State Journal coverage stressed the danger of the incident, the Detroit Free Press noted that witnesses cried out "Murderers! Murderers!" as police fired eight shots. Author Nelson Algren cites the injustice and sad end of the pursuit of "Raji,

2806-454: The settlement, having grown to nearly 3,000 and encompassing about seven square miles (18 km ) in area, was incorporated as a city, carving off a section of seven square miles from Lansing Township. The boundaries of the original city were Douglas Avenue to the north, Wood and Regent streets to the east, Mount Hope Avenue to the south, and Jenison Avenue to the west. These boundaries would remain until 1916. Lansing began to grow steadily over

2867-492: The state of Michigan. In addition to its function as the state library, the Library of Michigan also operates the Michigan History Museum in the library building. The Michigan History Museum includes permanent and seasonal exhibits on Michigan history, and is open to the public. In 1828, a territorial library was created containing laws and government documents for use by the territorial council, and William B. Hunt

2928-531: The summer. The City of Lansing operates a total of 3.55 square miles (9.2 km ) of parkland, of which 2.80 square miles (7.3 km ) is parkland, 0.43 square miles (1.1 km ) are golflands, and 0.31 square miles (0.80 km ) are cemetery lands. However, this figure includes the Waverly Hills Golf Course and adjacent Michigan Avenue Park, whose 0.18 square miles (0.47 km ) are located within neighboring Lansing Township, but operated by

2989-655: The temporary 425 Agreements, Lansing administers 34.1 square miles (88 km ) total. Lansing is located in the south-central part of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan , where the Grand River meets the Red Cedar River . The city occupies most of what had formerly been part of Lansing Charter Township. It has also annexed adjacent tracts of land in Delta Charter Township and Windsor Township in Eaton County to

3050-725: The temporary transfer of 1,888.2 acres of Lansing Capital Region International Airport to the city from DeWitt Township in 2011. The second agreement consisted of the temporary transfer of 41 acres (17 ha) in Alaiedon Township for the expansion of the headquarters of Jackson National Life Insurance Company in 2013 bringing the area either fully or conditionally under control of the city to 39.69 square miles (102.80 km ). Under Michigan law, 425 Agreements are only temporary land sharing agreements and do not count as official annexations. The Census Bureau, however, for statistical purposes does count these as annexations. Not counting

3111-504: The town that did not exist. They told the New Yorkers this new "city" had an area of 65 blocks, a church and a public and academic square. 16 men bought plots in the nonexistent city, and upon reaching the area later that year found they were the victims of the scam. Many in the group, disappointed and now without funds to move on again, opted to stay and ended up settling around what is now metropolitan Lansing. The story has persisted due to

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3172-706: The west, Delhi Charter Township in Ingham County to the south, and in DeWitt Charter Township in Clinton County to the north. The city also controls three non-contiguous tracts of land through 425 Agreements (conditional land transfer agreements) with Meridian Charter Township, Delta Charter Township, and Alaiedon Township in Ingham County to the southeast. It is also located between the state's two largest cities, Detroit and Grand Rapids. Lansing elevations range between 890 feet (271 m) above sea level on

3233-681: The year and drop to or below 0 °F (−17.8 °C) on 10.5 nights. Precipitation is generally greatest during summer but still frequent and significant in winter. Snowfall, which normally occurs from November to April, averages 51.1 inches (130 cm) per season, significantly less than areas to the west such as Grand Rapids as Lansing is relatively immune to lake-effect snows ; seasonal snowfall has historically ranged from 16.6 in (42 cm) in 1863−64 to 97.2 in (247 cm) in 1880−81. The highest and lowest officially recorded temperatures were 103 °F (39 °C) on July 6, 2012 , and −37 °F (−38 °C) on February 2, 1868, with

3294-468: Was appointed the territorial librarian. Nine years later, the former territorial library became the state library, and Governor Stevens T. Mason appointed Oren Marsh as the first state librarian. In 1879, the state library moved to the new State Capitol in Lansing. It was originally a two-story room on the second and third floor in the west wing. The space is now the Speaker's Library on the second floor and

3355-450: Was awarded a Nicholl Fellowship in 2000 for her screenplay The Imperial Waltz . An early feminist in second wave feminism, Burton traveled with Gloria Steinem to talk about her experience as a mother of five daughters (film director Maria Burton , film producer Jennifer Burton , actor/director Ursula Burton , director/writer Gabrielle C. Burton , and producer and teacher Charity Burton); she and her husband Roger Burton would speak as

3416-474: Was from. The settlement of fewer than 20 people that would become the City of Lansing remained quiet until the winter of 1847. The state constitution required the capital be moved from Detroit to a more central and safer location in the state's interior in 1847; many were concerned about Detroit's proximity to British -controlled Canada , which had captured Detroit in the War of 1812 . The United States had recaptured

3477-644: Was included in the Academy of Motion Pictures "In Memoriam" for the Oscars. Gabrielle Baker Burton died of pancreatic cancer in Venice, California on September 3, 2015, aged 76. At the time of her death, she had been working on a book called Don't Sit Down Yet . Lansing, Michigan Lansing ( / ˈ l æ n s ɪ ŋ / ) is the capital of the U.S. state of Michigan and the most populous city in Ingham County . It

3538-486: Was moved back to the Department of Education. The Library of Michigan at 5 stories contains over 3.2 million different items that take up over 27 miles (43 km) of shelves. Opened in 1989, the Library of Michigan building also contains one of the ten largest genealogical collections in the United States . Another feature is a Michigan collection containing legal materials that date back centuries. Other features of

3599-524: Was named the new state capital of Michigan in 1847, ten years after Michigan became a state. The Lansing metropolitan area , colloquially referred to as "Mid-Michigan", is an important center for educational, cultural, governmental, commercial, and industrial functions. Neighboring East Lansing is home to Michigan State University , a public research university with an enrollment of more than 50,000. The area features two medical schools , one veterinary school, two nursing schools , and two law schools . It

3660-534: Was not yet a real city. Unfortunately, Biddle City never took off. The financial Panic of 1837 forced the brothers to heavily mortgage the property, and the city never materialized. Biddle City was not Lansing's original name, nor a precursor to it, as the plat was located outside of Lansing's original city limits. Originally, all that existed was Lansing Township, named in 1842 by an early settler, Joseph E. North Sr., after Lansing in Tompkins County, NY, where he

3721-503: Was the deadliest in the city's history. Perhaps thirty-four people died in the fire, although the hotel register was also destroyed making an exact count impossible. On February 8, 1951, the Elliott-Larsen Building was intentionally set on fire by a state office employee. The following morning, the seventh floor collapsed down to the next level, which destroyed a large number of state historical records. On September 26, 1963,

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