Ministry or department (also less commonly used secretariat , office , or directorate ) are designations used by first-level executive bodies in the machinery of governments that manage a specific sector of public administration .
33-476: Frédéric Mitterrand (21 August 1947 – 21 March 2024) was a French actor, screenwriter, producer, and politician who served as Minister of Culture and Communication of France from 2009 to 2012 under President Nicolas Sarkozy . Born in Paris, he was the nephew of François Mitterrand (1916–1996), who was the president of France from 1981 to 1995, and the son of engineer Robert Mitterrand (1915–2002) and Édith Cahier,
66-474: A book where he said he took advantage of sexual tourism. To say the least, I find it shocking." On the other hand, he received support from a close aide to Nicolas Sarkozy who said the French President backed his Culture Minister, describing the controversy around him as "pathetic". The novel's mixture of fact and fiction complicated his defense; while Mitterrand insisted that book was not an autobiography,
99-453: A broader ministry in charge of several governmental sectors. Hence, the ministry has gone through a number of different names: The Ministry of Culture is made up of a variety of internal divisions, including: The Ministry has access to one inter-ministerial division: The Ministry also runs three "delegations" (administrative boards): Finally, the Ministry shares in the management of
132-614: A government minister or secretary of state , are considered to be departments . Until 2018, the term "ministry" had been retained only for the Ministry of Defence and the Ministry of Justice . On 8 January 2018, Prime Minister Theresa May announced that the Department of Communities and Local Government would be renamed to the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government to emphasise her government's prioritising of housing policy. In September 2021, Prime Minister Boris Johnson reverted
165-484: A long time as ministries ( Finance , National Defense , Foreign Affairs , Health , etc.). The term "ministry" also continues to be used as the vernacular to refer to a government area. In Nigeria each ministry is led by a minister who is not a member of the Nigerian legislature (due to the separation of powers) and is responsible to the popularly elected president . In Lebanon , there are 21 ministries. Each ministry
198-481: A member of Cabinet , the executive, which is then responsible for one or more departments , the top division of the public service. The collection of departments responsible to a ministerial office and hence the minister, is referred to as the minister's "portfolio". New Zealand 's state agencies include many ministries and a smaller number of departments. Increasingly, state agencies are styled neither as ministries nor as departments. All New Zealand agencies are under
231-424: A minor. On 5 October 2009, Marine Le Pen quoted sections of the book on French television, accusing him of having sex with underage boys and engaging in " sex tourism ", demanding that Mitterrand resign from the government. He was also criticised by then- Socialist Party spokesman Benoît Hamon , who stated that "as a minister of culture, he has drawn attention to himself by defending [Polanski], and he has written
264-408: A subdivision of a department or ministry. The federal Government of Canada uses the term department to refer to its first-level executive bodies. In Canada , first-level subdivisions are known as provinces and territories . Five of the ten provincial governments use the term ministry to describe their departments ( Ontario , Quebec , Saskatchewan , British Columbia , and Alberta ) but
297-441: A title such as minister , secretary , or commissioner, and are typically staffed with members of a non-political civil service , who manage its operations; they may also oversee other government agencies and organizations as part of a political portfolio . Governments may have differing numbers and types of ministries and departments. In some countries, these terms may be used with specific meanings: for example, an office may be
330-479: Is a disgrace. I condemn paedophilia , which I have never in any way participated in." Following a year-long illness, Frédéric Mitterrand died from cancer on 21 March 2024, at the age of 76. Minister of Culture (France) The Ministry of Culture ( French : Ministère de la Culture ) is the ministry of the Government of France in charge of national museums and the monuments historiques . Its goal
363-649: Is in the Palais-Royal in the 1st arrondissement of Paris on the Rue de Valois . It is headed by the Minister of Culture, a cabinet member. The current officeholder has been Rachida Dati since 11 January 2024. Deriving from the Italian and Burgundian courts of the Renaissance , the notion that the state had a key role to play in the sponsoring of artistic production and that
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#1733085135600396-654: Is led by a minister, and the prime minister is the 23rd minister of the Lebanese government. In the European Union , the equivalent organisation to a national government department is termed directorate-general with the civil servant in charge called a director-general (in the European Commission , the political head of the department is one of the European Commissioners ). The government departments of
429-552: Is to maintain the French identity through the promotion and protection of the arts (visual, plastic, theatrical, musical, dance, architectural, literary, televisual and cinematographic) on national soil and abroad. Its budget is mainly dedicated to the management of the Archives Nationales (six national sites and hundred decentralised storage facilities) and the regional Maisons de la culture (culture centres). Its main office
462-768: The Festival d'Avignon , the Public Establishment of the Palace, Museum and National Estate of Versailles , the Joconde (online database of objects in French museums), the Base Mérimée (database of listed heritage monuments), and the Maître d'art program. Ministry (government department) These types of organizations are usually led by a politician who is a member of a cabinet —a body of high-ranking government officials—who may use
495-570: The National Centre of Cinema (Centre national de la cinématographie, CNC), a public institution. The Alliance française is run by the Ministry of Europe and Foreign Affairs . On the national level, the Ministry also runs: The Ministry of Culture is responsible for, or a major sponsor of, a number of annual cultural activities, including the Fête de la Musique , the Maison de la culture de Grenoble ,
528-583: The XXI (2015–2019) and the XXII (2019-2024) governments ceased to expressly foresee the existence of ministries, with the portfolios of the ministers being instead referred as "government areas" and having, in theory, a more flexible organization. Although the term "ministry" has been eliminated from the Government communication and from most of the new published laws, it continues to be used in some legislation, especially those referring to some government areas that existed for
561-606: The "grandeur" ('greatness') of post-war France. To this end, he created numerous regional cultural centres throughout France and actively sponsored the arts. Malraux's artistic tastes included the modern arts and the avant-garde, but on the whole he remained conservative. Under President François Mitterrand the Minister of Culture was Jack Lang who showed himself to be far more open to popular cultural production, including jazz , rock and roll , rap music , graffiti , bande dessinées , fashion and food . His famous phrase "économie et culture, même combat" ('economy and culture: it's
594-601: The arts were linked to national prestige was found in France from at least the 16th century on. During the pre-revolutionary period, these ideas are apparent in such things as the creation of the Académie française , the Académie de peinture et de sculpture and other state-sponsored institutions of artistic production, and through the cultural policies of Louis XIV 's minister Jean-Baptiste Colbert . The modern post of Minister of Culture
627-998: The building of the Bibliothèque nationale , the new Louvre , the Arab World Institute , the Musée d'Orsay , the Opéra-Bastille , the " Grande Arche " of La Défense (the Parisian business quarter), the new seat of the French Ministry for the Economy and Finance , the Jean-Marie Tjibaou Cultural Centre , and the Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie and Cité de la Musique , both in the Parc de la Villette . The Ministry of Jacques Toubon
660-515: The bureaus. In Mexico , ministries are referred to as secretariats . In 1999, the ministries of the federal government of Belgium became known as federal public service , the exception being the Ministry of Defense which kept the original designation. In the Republic of China , ministry is used. In the People's Republic of China , ministry is used. In Portugal , the organization adopted by
693-495: The direction of one or more ministers or associate ministers, whether they are styled ministries or not. Each body also has an apolitical chief executive, and in ministries and departments these chief executives often have the title of Secretary. In Indonesia , the term ministry ( Indonesian : Kementerian ) is used. From the New Order to 2009, the office was known as department ( Indonesian : Departemen ). In Malaysia ,
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#1733085135600726-509: The habit of paying for boys ... The profusion of young, very attractive and immediately available boys put me in a state of desire I no longer needed to restrain or hide." Mitterrand's writings were applauded for their honesty at time of release, but resurfaced in a different light four years later following his defence of Roman Polanski , who had been detained in Switzerland and awaiting extradition to face American charges for sexually abusing
759-643: The ministry to a department, renaming it the Department for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities and giving it the responsibility of overseeing his government's levelling up policy . It was then subsequently reverted to the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government under the Starmer government in 2024. Some countries, such as Switzerland , the Philippines and the United States , do not use or no longer use
792-578: The niece of Eugène Deloncle , the co-founder of " La Cagoule ". Owing to his family heritage, Mitterrand acquired Tunisian citizenship in 1995. He was openly bisexual. Mitterrand attended the Lycée Janson de Sailly in Paris and studied history and geography at the Paris West University Nanterre La Défense , and political science at Sciences Po . He taught economics, history, and geography at EABJM from 1968 to 1971. In 1978, he
825-514: The other five, as well as the three territorial governments, use the term department . Despite the difference in nomenclature, both the provincial and federal governments use the term "minister" to describe the head of a ministry or department. The specific task assigned to a minister is referred to as his or her "portfolio". In the United Kingdom , all government organisations that consist of civil servants, and which may or may not be headed by
858-494: The publisher described it as a "novel inspired by autobiography", and was similarly described as an "autobiographical novel" by the BBC . In his own defence. Mitterrand stated, "Each time I was with people who were my age, or who were five years younger – there wasn't the slightest ambiguity – and who were consenting", and that he uses the term "boys" loosely, both in his life and in the book. He also declared, "I condemn sexual tourism, which
891-552: The same fight') is representative of his commitment to cultural democracy and to active national sponsorship and participation in cultural production. In addition to the creation of the Fête de la Musique and overseeing the French Revolution bicentennial (1989), he was in charge of the massive architectural program of the François Mitterrand years (the so-called Grands travaux ; 'Great Works') that gave permission for
924-495: The term ministry is used for all but one government cabinet portfolio. The Prime Minister Department is the only portfolio that uses department instead. All government portfolios in the Peninsular Malaysia states use committee , while Sabah and Sarawak state governments following the federal government's style in naming certain portfolios. In Hong Kong , the term bureau is used, and departments are subordinate to
957-403: The term "ministry" and instead call their main government bodies "departments". However, in other countries such as Luxembourg a department is a subdivision of a ministry, usually led by a government member called a secretary of state who is subordinate to the minister. In Australia at the federal level, and also at the state level, the term ministry refers to the ministerial office held by
990-584: Was a film critic at J'informe . From 1971 to 1986, he ran several art film cinemas in Paris (Olympic Palace, Entrepôt, and Olympic-Entrepôt). He also had roles in a number of films, and in the 1980s was active as a producer and director in TV productions. Mitterrand also penned a monthly column for Têtu . In June 2008, Mitterrand was appointed the director of the French Academy in Rome by President Nicolas Sarkozy , and
1023-500: Was appointed to the French government a year later as the Minister of Culture and Communications , a role he would hold for the remainder of Sarkozy's time in office. Mitterrand's novel The Bad Life (French: La mauvaise vie ), which mixed autobiographical and fictionalised elements, was the source of significant controversy. In the book he detailed his "delight" whilst visiting the male brothels of Bangkok , and wrote ..."I got into
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1056-579: Was created by Charles de Gaulle in 1959 and the first officeholder was the writer André Malraux . Malraux was responsible for realising the goals of the droit à la culture ('right to culture'), an idea which had been incorporated in the Constitution of France and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948), by democratising access to culture, while also achieving the Gaullist aim of elevating
1089-685: Was notable for a number of laws (the " Toubon Laws ") enacted for the preservation of the French language , both in advertisements (all ads must include a French translation of foreign words) and on the radio (35% of songs on French radio stations must be in French), ostensibly in reaction to the presence of English. The following people were appointed Minister of Culture of France: Since the French constitution does not identify specific ministers (merely speaking of "the minister in charge of" this or that), each government may label each ministry as they wish, or even have
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