Misplaced Pages

#824175

39-569: Fryatt Memorial Hospital , previously known as Harwich and District Hospital opened in Dovercourt in a large house in 1922, which was converted into a twelve bedded cottage hospital. It was also known as Harwich and Dovercourt Hospital . By 1925, the hospital was referred as the Harwich and District Hospital and Fryatt Memorial after Captain Charles Algernon Fryatt, a Harwich Mariner who

78-400: A Vere foundation. The present town dates back to 1845 when John Bagshaw , an East India merchant, moved to the area and bought the land where Dovercourt now stands. He developed plans to develop a new resort overlooking the sea with the help of W.H. Lindsey, a London architect. He started the project in 1845 by building a mansion, Cliff House, for himself and his family and actively promoted

117-479: A babel [sic]". In 1532 four young Protestants from Dedham, Essex and East Bergholt rode to Dovercourt. According to Foxe, they were intrigued by the rood's miraculous reputation and wanted to see whether it could defend itself. They took down the rood and burnt it. Three of the men were caught and hanged. The site of the burning is commemorated by the road name Holyrood on a nearby 1960s housing estate. Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase & Fable . notes that

156-488: A center for Jewish life in southern Germany, with an enrollment of more than 100 children. An old manor house dating from the time of Henry VIII was found in the village of Otterden near Faversham , in the County of Kent . The house was large, with extensive grounds, making it ideal for a boarding school. Funds were meager, so work on the property was done by the staff and pupils, causing British education inspectors to view

195-470: A day. She also collected food and clothing. In 1912, using her dowry , her sister, Klara Weimersheimer, founded an orphanage in Herrlingen , where she cared for problem children, as well as those mentally unstable and disabled . In 1925, as her own children and many of the children in care came of school age, she got the idea to turn the orphanage into a Landschulheim (boarding school). Several members of

234-416: A new pedagogy . She ran Landschulheim Herrlingen like a Montessori program, placing high value on communal living, mutual respect and a shared sense of responsibility for the school. Each and every one, whether teacher or pupil, was to feel responsible to the community. The school was non-denominational, accepting children from all religions, coeducational and the pupils were on a first name basis with

273-408: A pair of cast iron screw-pile lighthouses on the beach, used until 1917 to guide ships around Landguard Point. They served as leading lights and functioned in conjunction with a third lighthouse (a sector light established in 1861) on Landguard Point itself: from seaward the two Dovercourt lights aligned indicated the initial course of approach; vessels would keep to this course until the colour of

312-504: A private students' hostel, which she founded. She later received an M.A. in education at the University of Wisconsin , became a teacher and lectured at the university in Madison, Wisconsin . Working with Quaker-sponsored humanitarian aid, she returned to Germany in 1919. Her task was to convince mayors, teachers and school rectors to set up kitchens so that children could have a hot meal once

351-406: A property in southern England. The children's parents were informed and gave their approval for Essinger and her teachers to take 66 children out of Germany. Essinger arranged a well-disguised trip for the group and on September 5, 1933, they arrived in southern England. Astutely, Essinger did not formally close the school, but turned it over to Hugo Rosenthal. It became a home for Jewish children and

390-523: Is devoted to research of the history of education and social pedagogy. In July 2007, the original Bunce Court school bell was retrieved from California, where it had been saved and stored by Ernst Weinberg, a former pupil, and was reinstalled on top of the schoolhouse. A plaque honoring Essinger and the school was erected at the same time. In 2004, the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography added an entry for Essinger, unusual for someone who became

429-520: Is older than its smaller but better-known neighbour, the port of Harwich. The name is common Brittonic with "Dover" coming from "dwfr", which is "water" in modern Welsh; the origin of "court" is unknown but possibly meant "land cut off by". The first mention of the town, as Douorcortae, is in CE1000. Dovercourt appears in the Domesday Book of 1086. Today Harwich and Dovercourt are contiguous towns. In 1921

SECTION 10

#1732883665825

468-612: Is served by the local newspaper, Harwich and Manningtree Standard which publishes on Fridays. Anna Essinger Essinger was born on Hafengasse ("Harbor Lane") in Ulm , the oldest of six girls and three boys, to a non-observant Jewish couple, Fanny ( née Oppenheimer) and Leopold Essinger. Her grandfather was David Essinger (1817–1899), a doctor. Leopold Essinger had an insurance business and served in World War I in Verdun , France. While in

507-556: The Kindertransport mission. This was carried out under the direction of Anna Essinger and aided by several of the staff from Bunce Court School , In the 1980s Warner's was used as the set for the filming of BBC sitcom Hi-de-Hi! . The site, with the original 1930s chalets, was transformed into Maplin’s . It is now a housing estate known as Hightrees. In the 1400s All Saints Church in Main Road drew thousands of pilgrims after

546-683: The imperial German army , he became convinced that there was widespread antisemitism among the officers. In 1899, at the age of 20, Essinger went to the United States to live with her aunt in Nashville , Tennessee. While in Tennessee, she became acquainted with Quakers , becoming deeply impressed and beginning a lifelong association with them. She graduated from college with a degree in German studies , financing her education by teaching German and by running

585-600: The Cliff Estate, caused Bagshaw financial difficulties and he was declared bankrupt in 1859. Although Cliffe House was demolished in 1909 and the Spa in 1920, most of his other developments still stand. On 1 October 1925 the parish was abolished and merged with Harwich St Nicholas to form Harwich. In 1939 Warner's Holiday Camp, in Low Road, was used for refugee children arriving in the UK in

624-502: The Essinger family became involved, paving the way for it to open a year later. The Landschulheim Herrlingen opened on 1 May 1926 as a private boarding school with 18 children ranging in age from 6 to 12. Anna Essinger became headmistress and her sister Paula (1892–1975), a trained nurse, became the school nurse and its housekeeper. While in the United States, Essinger learned about and became influenced by progressive education , then

663-571: The Landguard light was seen to change from red to white, whereupon the vessel would take a northerly course into Harwich Haven. When first built the Dovercourt lights used oil lamps and reflectors , and both displayed a fixed (i.e. steady) light. In 1878 the High Light was improved with the installation of a prismatic lens assembly, and in the early 1900s it was given a flashing characteristic following

702-554: The barony of his descendants the Earls of Oxford until the 16th century. It formed part of the dowry of Juliana de Vere when she married Hugh Bigod in the mid-12th century, and the sub-tenancy passed to the Bigod earls of Norfolk who held it as one knight's fee of the Veres. Countess Juliana's son Roger Bigod, 2nd Earl of Norfolk founded a chapel at Harwich and granted it to Colne Priory, Essex ,

741-598: The early twenty-first century. This was replaced with a new hospital Harwich and District Hospital which opened in 2006. Although informally known as the Fryatt Hospital, it was formerly renamed as the Fryatt Memorial Hospital in 2019. Dovercourt Dovercourt is a seaside town and former civil parish , now in the parish of Harwich , in the Tendring district, in the county of Essex , England. It

780-485: The females of Dovercourt had a reputation for being "scolds and chattering women". This is possibly connected with the Dovercourt shrine, above. The book cites Lines in the Belfry of St Peter's, Shaftesbury, as saying: "When bells ring round and their order be, They do denote how neighbours should agree; But when they claim, the harsh sound spoils the sport, And 'tis like women keeping Dovercourt." In 1863 Trinity House erected

819-519: The growing Nazi threat were viewed ominously by Essinger, who immediately went about quietly boycotting the Third Reich . All public buildings were ordered to fly the Nazi flag with its swastika on Hitler's birthday in 1933, so Essinger planned a day of hiking for the pupils, leaving the flag to fly over an empty building. Essinger said, "Atop an empty building, the flag can neither convey nor harm as much." She

SECTION 20

#1732883665825

858-429: The introduction of gas, in place of oil, as the illuminant for both lights. In 1917 Harwich Harbour Board took over responsibility for navigation marks in the vicinity and chose to mark the deep-water channel with a series of lighted buoys, rendering the lighthouses redundant. The lights were discontinued, but the structures left in situ . In 1975 both lighthouses were designated as a scheduled monument , together with

897-553: The meal. The arts were also offered. In addition to painting, drawing, singing and drama, the children learned to play music. In the evening, Anna Essinger read a story and then gave each child a "good night kiss" before sending them off to bed. A 1927 report by the Ministry of Science, Art and Education ( Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Kunst und Volksbildung ) described Essinger as "extremely competent" and her teaching as "skillful, fresh and stimulating". Adolf Hitler 's rise to power and

936-558: The new school unfavorably at the outset. In 1933, England was still secure and war had not yet broken out and people were not aware of what was going on in Germany and why Essinger and the school had left. Within a year or two, however, enough improvements had been made that local officials realized the school was quite special; Essinger won the respect of the local authorities and had advocates from all areas of public life. She sought English host families for children to visit on weekends; and at

975-502: The older pupils to establish the camp, taking some of them into her school. With this, she also sought out families and homes to care for refugee children. Local British committees sought out placements for the children and tried to match children with families where they would fit in. However, the manner in which it was done appalled Essinger, who likened it to a "cattle market", where attractive children were chosen, but less attractive ones were not, lowering morale. The experience of running

1014-459: The parish had a population of 7,695. Dovercourt is a seaside resort which offers shops and cafes for visitors and residents. The main shopping area is the High Street, with shops from independents to the national chains. The town is served by Dovercourt railway station . The Saxon lord Wulwin/Ulwin was lord in 1066; by 1086 the estate was in possession of Aubrey de Vere I and remained part of

1053-455: The railway link to the Harwich area. When a chalybeate spring was discovered in the grounds of Cliff House, Bagshaw extended the property to incorporate a spa, library, pump room, and conservatory. He next developed Orwell Terrace where his son Robert John Bagshaw , like his father an MP for Harwich, moved into Banksea House in 1857. However the development project, which included Marine Parade and

1092-460: The reception camp and placing the children was so difficult, that afterward, Essinger refused to talk about it. In 1940, the school again had to evacuate when southern England became a defence area. Essinger and about 100 children and teachers relocated the school to "Trench Hall" in Shropshire . They were not able to return to Bunce Court until 1946. Having finished her life's work, Essinger closed

1131-495: The school in 1948 and retired. Over the course of 22 years, Essinger cared for and taught over 900 children. As the Nazis extended their reach, the children came first from Germany, then Austria, Poland, Czechoslovakia and England. The last years were particularly difficult. Her eyesight was failing, but more significantly, the last children to arrive at her school were Nazi concentration camp survivors who no longer knew what normal life

1170-637: The school was still in existence; after it closed, they held reunions for 55 years. In 1959, in honour of Essinger's 80th birthday, Bunce Court alumni planted a grove of trees in Israel that was named after her. In 1990, a realschule in Ulm and a Kuhberg gymnasium (secondary school) were named for Anna Essinger. Some of her personal papers are archived at the Ida Seele Archive in Dillingen an der Donau . The archive

1209-543: The school, held concerts, theatrical programs, sports contests and an annual "Open Day", involving the children in English life and the community with the school. After Kristallnacht , on 9–10 November 1938, Essinger was asked to set up a reception camp in Dovercourt for 10,000 German children who would be arriving on the Kindertransports . Essinger, then nearly 60 years old, worked with three teachers, her cook and six of

Fryatt Memorial Hospital - Misplaced Pages Continue

1248-434: The shrine "including clothing in 1482 used to dress the image of Christ on the rood," according to Ashdown-Hill. The 1981 edition of Brewer, Ebenezer Cobham; Evans, Ivor H. (1981). Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase & Fable . ISBN   0-304-30706-8 . says that John Foxe reported that the crowd in the church was so great "no man could shut the door". It adds that the word "Dovercourt" can mean "a confused gabble,

1287-451: The spoken, rather than the written word. Essinger believed that children should have physical exercise before breakfast. and great emphasis was placed on physical exercise. Learning was accomplished through living, whether from daily walks in the woods, from the tasks required of the children in and around the building, or at meal time, where there were "English" and "French" tables and those sitting at them would speak in those languages during

1326-464: The stone causeway which runs between them. They were restored in the 1980s; however, following a detailed survey they were placed on Historic England 's Heritage at Risk Register in 2019. Local TV coverage is provided by BBC Look East and ITV News Anglia . The town is served by both BBC Essex and BBC Radio Suffolk . Other radio stations including Heart East , Greatest Hits Radio Essex , Actual Radio , and Nation Radio Suffolk . The town

1365-436: The teachers, who also lived at the school. Essinger was described as a "formidable figure", "stout and stern" and as having the children's welfare at heart. She was a strict disciplinarian with both staff and pupils, but provided a loving, family environment. Most staff and pupils called her "Tante Anna" (Aunt Anna) or just TA, for short. The children learned two languages from the first day of school on, with emphasis on

1404-470: The wooden cross (or rood ) on its rood screen became a shrine. "It acquired a miraculous reputation and was said to have spoken on some occasions," said John Ashdown-Hill , the historian. The 1600 version of the play Grim, the Collier of Croydon, says: "And now the rood of Dovercourt did speak, Confirming his opinions to true." The accounts of John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk , show that he donated money to

1443-573: Was denounced within the Nazi Party and the Nazi authorities' attitude toward the school became increasingly negative. It was recommended that an inspector be installed at the school. Essinger, realizing that her school had no future in Germany, and encouraged by her father to leave the country, began to look abroad for a new home for the school. After looking in Switzerland and the Netherlands, she found

1482-553: Was executed in Bruges in 1916 after he tried to ram a German U-boat during the First World War with his civilian boat. Fryatt had a state funeral in St Paul's Cathedral , London. The hospital was eventually enlarged to have 26 beds. In 1925 a new wing was opened which contained two private wards, a ward for men, an operating theatre, nurses accommodation. The hospital was pulled down in

1521-571: Was like, and sometimes found it very difficult to adjust to. After she closed her school, Essinger spent her remaining years living at Bunce Court, and maintained correspondence with her former pupils. She helped both children and adults in distress with her motto, "Give children a hand, give them a chance". Many of Essinger's pupils went on to distinguished careers, including Frank Auerbach , Leslie Brent , Gerard Hoffnung , Frank Marcus , Peter Morley , and Helmut and Richard Sonnenfeldt . Bunce Court alumni returned at every opportunity while

#824175