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46-919: It is traditionally the foremost organisation of the bourgeois-liberal women's movement in Sweden. It has always been open to both women and men. It is a member of the International Alliance of Women , and is a sister association of the Danish Women's Society , the Norwegian Association for Women's Rights and the Icelandic Women's Rights Association . The FBF works with forming public opinion in favor of gender equality by information and activities, and by handing out money from various funds and scholarships. It collaborates with other organisations with similar goals both nationally and internationally. The FBF had

92-556: A CSW forum on how the women's rights movement can counter "anti-trans voices [that] are becoming ever louder and [that] are threatening feminist solidarity across borders," where IAW's 16th President Marion Böker discussed her trans-inclusive position. IWRA has stated that "IWRA works for the rights of all women – feminism without trans women is no feminism at all (...) we have a lot of work to do to create an inclusive, vibrant and diverse feminist movement in Europe." IAW's Danish affiliate,

138-514: A gender-equal society on the basis of human rights. The principles of IAW affirm that everyone, regardless of gender, is "born equally free and independent" and equally entitled to "the free exercise of their individual rights and liberty." The principles affirm that "women’s rights are human rights" and that "human rights are universal, indivisible and interrelated." IAW stands in a liberal democratic tradition; in IAW's journal International Women's News , it

184-412: A modern and democratic society. The entire mainstream women's rights movement stands firmly against all forms of transphobia , homophobia , and racism , and these principles are part of the bedrock of the movement's values, and viewed as non-negotiable and essential in all efforts for equality. Speaking on trans inclusion, former IAW President Marion Böker said that for the women's rights movement, it

230-496: A publicity film about the FBF, narrating how far the fight for women's rights had come and sharing some of the organisation's areas of activity. It was scripted by Margareta von Konow . This included a visit to the FBF office at Klarabergsgatan 48, where Plomgren joked that her door sign should read ‘Ask me about everything - because that's what the Swedish people do’. In 1937, the FBF founded

276-544: A representative in the governmental council of equality. It is a member of the International Alliance of Women , which has general consultative status with the United Nations ECOSOC . It was also a member of the Joint Organization of Nordic Women's Rights Associations . The organisation was founded in 1884 by a group largely consisting of the board of the women's magazine Home Review . It consisted of

322-681: A top-down approach, where the elite were cast as the true agents of development." At the same time IAW claimed to speak on behalf of all women. In the late 1920s, the organization changed its name to the International Alliance of Women for Suffrage and Equal Citizenship, and in 1946 this was altered to its current name, International Alliance of Women. The first executive board included Carrie Chapman Catt (President), Anita Augspurg (1st Vice President), Donovan Bolden (2nd Vice President) and Rachel Foster Avery (Secretary). The organization's first President Carrie Chapman Catt also founded

368-470: Is a Swedish-language women's magazine published by the Fredrika Bremer Association , ( Swedish : Fredrika Bremer Förbundet , abbreviated FBF ) named after Swedish writer and feminist Fredrika Bremer 's novel Hertha . It has been in circulation since 1914. Hertha was founded in 1914 and was published regularly until 1999. During this period it came out monthly. Between 2001 and 2005 it

414-922: Is aligned with other large mainstream feminist organizations such as the National Organization for Women or the League of Women Voters , itself founded by IAW's first President. 16 other women's rights organizations, which largely share a tradition with IAW – such as the American Association of University Women , National Women's Law Center , National Women's Political Caucus , and others – emphasized that "as organizations that fight every day for equal opportunities for all women and girls, we speak from experience and expertise when we say that nondiscrimination protections for transgender people—including women and girls who are transgender—are not at odds with women’s equality or well-being, but advance them." This sentiment

460-521: Is also in line with the "National Consensus Statement of Anti-Sexual Assault and Domestic Violence Organizations in Support of Full and Equal Access for the Transgender Community" signed by 330 women's rights organizations, including those that share their core principles with IAW. The organization adopted gold (or yellow; Or in heraldry) as its color in 1904. The color, derived from the sunflower,

506-543: Is another focus of IAW and its affiliates, that has become more important since the postwar era. Violence against women and girls, both conflict-related violence and domestic violence , is also a significant focus of IAW and its affiliates, particularly in modern times. The IAW family belongs to the mainstream or liberal women's rights tradition and thus shares the mainstream feminist position on LGBT+ rights , which understands sexual and gender diversity as an essential aspect of women's human rights and gender equality in

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552-409: Is in line with developments in international human rights law as they relate to women's human rights. In line with this, IAW affiliates such as Deutscher Frauenring advocate for trans-inclusive feminism and emphasize that far-right movements that undermine the human rights of minorities threaten democracy. In 2021 IAW and its affiliate, the Icelandic Women's Rights Association (IWRA), co-organized

598-430: Is indivisible from working for women’s rights and gender equality," that those who promote "the human rights of women and LGBTIQ+ people share the same goals of achieving safe and fair societies" and that condemned extremist hate movements such as " anti-gender " and " gender-critical " movements. The mainstream feminist movement's contemporary emphasis on an intersectional understanding of women's rights and gender equality

644-483: Is necessary to work on the basis of human rights , which are universal and indivisible, defend democratic values, and fight for an inclusive women's movement, and warned against anti-democratic forces and forces on the far right that try to pit women's rights against the human rights of minorities, describing anti-trans activists as "right-wing and racist." Böker's remarks align with a statement from UN Women that emphasized that "working for LGBTIQ+ people’s human rights

690-521: Is the oldest symbol of women's rights. It had been adopted by American suffragists in 1867 and became the principal color of the American women's suffrage movement, typically used alongside white. Through the influence of the Alliance, gold and white became the principal colors of the mainstream international women's suffrage movement. Colors were important in the iconography of the suffrage movement. The use of

736-463: The Kommittén för ökad kvinnorepresentation (Literary: 'The committee for increased women's representation') to lobby for more women in political office and particularly more women in parliament. The FBF published the women's magazine Dagny , which succeeded Adlersparre's Home Review in 1886. This publication was renamed Hertha in 1914 and was the oldest women's magazine in the world when it

782-512: The Danish Women's Society , has said that it takes homophobia and transphobia very seriously, that "we support all initiatives that promote the rights of gay and transgender people" and that "we see the LGBTQA movement as close allies in the struggle against inequality, and we fight together for a society where gender and sexuality do not limit an individual." IAW's Norwegian affiliate, the Norwegian Association for Women's Rights , has warned against

828-561: The League of Women Voters in the United States during her presidency. Since the onset of the Cold War the alliance's liberal internationalist outlook was strengthened. The alliance held firm anti-communist views and maintained a clear pro- Western stance throughout the Cold War. Its second President, Dame Margery Corbett Ashby , wrote that "it was us or the communist women who would organize

874-1246: The UN office in Geneva , the UN office in Vienna , UNESCO in Paris , the Food and Agriculture Organization in Rome and the Council of Europe in Strasbourg . It also has representatives to the Arab League in Cairo and the Gulf Countries Council in Riyadh , and is a member of the European Women's Lobby in Brussels . IAW's working languages are English and French. IAW understands sexual and gender diversity as an integral part of feminism. Speaking on trans inclusion, former IAW President Marion Böker said that for

920-536: The 19th century, and remains one of the core issues of IAW and its affiliates. In line with IAW's increased focus on developing countries from the mid-20th century, girls' and women's education in developing countries has become an increasingly important topic. Legal and economic gender equality have been core issues of the liberal women's rights movement since the 19th century. For example, IAW works to strengthen women's land and property rights, especially in developing countries. Sexual and reproductive health and rights

966-687: The International Woman Suffrage Alliance, is historically the most important international organization within the bourgeois-liberal women's rights movement . The decision for the establishment of the organization was taken in Washington in 1902 by suffragists frustrated at the reluctance of the International Council of Women to support women's suffrage. As such the Alliance was a more progressive organization that emphasized legal and political equality between women and men from

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1012-627: The Near East." In the alliance's journal International Women's News it was stated in 1946 that the support of the United Nations and democracy must "remain in the forefront of our programme." Its third President Hanna Rydh worked actively to build cooperation in developing countries, partially to counteract communism. IAW's members in the Nordic countries were also members of the Joint Organization of Nordic Women's Rights Associations . IAW works for

1058-774: The UN headquarters, Soon-Young Yoon , is also chair of the NGO Committee on the Status of Women, New York . The IAW pays particular attention to the universal ratification and implementation without reservation of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women ( CEDAW ) and its Optional Protocol. The current IAW Commissions deal with the topics: Justice and Human Rights; Democracy; Peace; Elimination of Violence and Health. Hertha (magazine) Hertha

1104-503: The anti-gender movement, expressed solidarity with the LGBT+ rights struggle and supported legal protections against discrimination and hate speech on the basis of sexual orientation, gender identity and gender expression. The Icelandic Women's Rights Association has published a report on improving the situation of non-binary people in Iceland. The IAW family's inclusive and intersectional position

1150-422: The basis of human rights and liberal democracy , and has a liberal internationalist outlook. IAW's principles state that all genders are "born equally free [and are] equally entitled to the free exercise of their individual rights and liberty," that "women's rights are human rights" and that "human rights are universal, indivisible and interrelated." In 1904 the Alliance adopted gold (or yellow) as its color,

1196-477: The color associated with the women's suffrage movement in the United States since 1867 and the oldest symbol of women's rights; through the Alliance's influence gold and white became the principal colors of the mainstream international women's suffrage movement. The basic principle of IAW is that the full and equal enjoyment of human rights is due to all women and girls. It is one of the oldest, largest and most influential organizations in its field. The organization

1242-456: The color gold began with Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony’s campaign in Kansas in 1867 and derived from the color of the sunflower, the Kansas state symbol. Suffragists used gold pins, ribbons, sashes, and yellow roses to symbolize their cause. In 1876, during the U.S. Centennial, women wore yellow ribbons and sang the song "The Yellow Ribbon." In 1916, suffragists staged "The Golden Lane" at

1288-433: The feminist Sophie Adlersparre , Ellen Anckarsvärd , Fredrika Limnell , Ellen Fries , Hans Hildebrand and G. Sjöberg. It was named in honor of the Swedish novelist Fredrika Bremer , whose novel Hertha was responsible for the legislation emancipating unmarried women from wardship of their male relatives. It also led to the foundation of Gothenburg's Women's Association in Sweden's second city of Gothenburg , which

1334-891: The home country of a member organization, and elects the executive board. The current President and Chief Representative to the United Nations is Alison Brown. The executive board also includes the Secretary-General, the Treasurer and until 20 other members, including two Executive Vice Presidents as well as Vice Presidents for Europe, the Arab countries, the Arab states of the Persian Gulf , Africa, and Regional Coordinators for North America, Pacific, and South East Asia. The IAW represents about 45 organizations world-wide as well as individual members. The IAW

1380-449: The importance and value of women`'s contributions as equal partners. The perequisite for securing women's rights is the universal ratification and implementation without reservation of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW). Today it represents over 50 organizations world-wide comprising several hundred thousand members, and has its seat in Geneva .It also accepts individual members. From 1926,

1426-416: The national Democratic convention; to reach the convention hall, all delegates had to walk through a line of women stretching several blocks long, dressed in white with gold sashes, carrying yellow umbrellas, and accompanied by hundreds of yards of draped gold bunting. Gold also signified enlightenment, the professed goal of the mainstream U.S. suffrage movement. An International Congress is held triennially in

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1472-484: The office of the organisation in Stockholm functioned as an employment agency for women of the middle classes, and offered juridical, economic and medical information and advice to women. It was also noted at that time that many women came there to be informed of the movement for women suffrage . In 1899, a delegation from the FBF presented a suggestion of woman suffrage to prime minister Erik Gustaf Boström . The delegation

1518-913: The onset. The Alliance was formally constituted during the Second conference in Berlin in 1904 as the International Woman Suffrage Alliance (IWSA), and was headquartered in London for much of its history. Its founders included Carrie Chapman Catt , Millicent Fawcett , Helene Lange , Susan B. Anthony , Anita Augspurg , Rachel Foster Avery , and Käthe Schirmacher . Amongst subsequent congresses were those held in Copenhagen (1906), Amsterdam (1908), London (1909), Stockholm (June 1911), and Budapest (1913). The French Union for Women's Suffrage (UFSF), founded in February 1909,

1564-530: The organization had strong ties to the League of Nations . Since 1947, IAW has had general consultative status to the United Nations Economic and Social Council , the highest UN status possible for a non-governmental organization, the fourth organization to be granted this status . IAW also has participatory status with the Council of Europe . It has representatives at the UN headquarters in New York ,

1610-668: The organization was one of the three major international "bourgeois" women's organizations, alongside the International Council of Women (ICW) and the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF). Of these, IWSA (IAW) was more progressive and oriented towards legal equality and equal citizenship than ICW. At the same time, IWSA was more conservative than WILPF. The organization's members were often associated with liberal parties and movements, but some were also progressive conservatives or liberal conservatives. Most IAW members held "similar views of society and societal change, which assumed

1656-474: The role until 1948. She also became committee secretary to the Swedish women’s associations’ radio committee (1933-1937), set up by the FBF when von Konow's challenge to the minister of communication on the absence of women in the government inquiry into the new technology – radio - was ignored. Major contributors in the 1960s were Birgitta Dahl and other women from the Social Democratic Party . In

1702-576: The spiritual sphere". Hertha , like its predecessors Home Review and Dagny , contains association announcements, articles on current social, cultural, economic and ethical issues, and articles on gender equality. The magazine's editor from its inception until 1932 was Ellen Kleman . Among the writers for Hertha during its first decades were Elin Wägner , Emilia Fogelklou , Lydia Wahlström , Klara Johanson , Gurli Linder and Ida von Plomgren . Margareta von Konow became editor in 1933, remaining in

1748-586: The women's rights movement, it is necessary to work on the basis of human rights, which are universal and indivisible, defend democratic values, and fight for an inclusive women's movement, describing anti-trans activists as "right-wing and racist." In 2021 IAW and its Icelandic affiliate co-hosted a forum on the importance of solidarity between the feminist movement and the trans movement, and expressed concern over "anti-trans voices [that] are becoming ever louder and [that] are threatening feminist solidarity across borders." The International Alliance of Women, formerly

1794-493: Was discontinued in 1999 (it was revived in 2001). International Alliance of Women The International Alliance of Women ( IAW ; French : Alliance Internationale des Femmes , AIF ) is an international non-governmental organization that works to promote women's rights and gender equality . It was historically the main international organization that campaigned for women's suffrage . IAW stands for an inclusive, intersectional and progressive liberal feminism on

1840-707: Was formally recognized by the IWFA congress in London in April 1909 as representing the French suffrage movement. IWSA also started its own monthly journal, the Jus Suffragii . IWSA, influenced by moderate liberal feminist Millicent Fawcett against the militancy of suffragettes in the style of Emmeline Pankhurst , refused membership to the WSPU at their 1906 Copenhagen meeting. In the interwar period,

1886-422: Was founded as a local answer to the FBF. The purpose of the organisation was to support women's rights, to inform women of their rights and to encourage them to use them. At the time of its foundation, for example, the focus was to inform women of their rights to serve in the boards of public institutions, and of the rights of women of a certain income to vote in municipal elections and to use those rights. By 1890,

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1932-501: Was founded as the International Woman Suffrage Alliance ( IWSA ) in 1904 in Berlin , Germany, by Carrie Chapman Catt , Millicent Fawcett , Susan B. Anthony and other leading feminists from around the world to campaign for women's suffrage . IWSA was headquartered in London , and it was the preeminent international women's suffrage organization. Its emphasis has since shifted to a broad human rights focus and

1978-561: Was granted general consultative status to the United Nations Economic and Social Council , the highest level possible, in 1947, and has participatory status with the Council of Europe . The IAW has permanent representatives in New York , Vienna , Geneva , Paris , Rome , Nairobi and Strasbourg and addresses the European Union through its membership in the European Women's Lobby in Brussels . The IAW's current representative to

2024-604: Was headed by Agda Montelius , accompanied by Gertrud Adelborg , who had written the demand. This was the first time the Swedish women's movement themselves had officially presented a demand for suffrage. In 1890, the Svenska drägtreformföreningen became a part of the FBA, and in 1896, the Married Woman Property Association was merged in the association. In 1934, Ida von Plomgren , a longterm employee and member fronted

2070-627: Was published digitally only, and in 2009 an anniversary issue was published in print. Since 2015, two issues are published per year. It is the world's oldest feminist magazine, a continuation of Home Review founded in 1859. Hertha was the successor to the magazine Dagny , which was started when Sophie Adlersparre founded the Fredrika Bremer Association in 1884. The magazine's history dates back to 1859, when Sophie Adlersparre and Rosalie Roos published Tidskrift för hemmet ('Home Review') to "give knowledge and insights to women in

2116-425: Was stated in 1946 that support for democracy must "remain in the forefront of our programme." Former IAW President Marion Böker emphasized in 2023 that it is important to defend democratic values. IAW was founded to advocate for women's suffrage and political equality remains one of its traditional core issues. Girls' and women's education has been an important focus of the liberal women's rights movement since

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