The Fraunhoferstraße is a city center street in Munich . It is located in the district of Isarvorstadt and separates the Gärtnerplatzviertel in the north from the Glockenbachviertel in the south.
20-626: It starts at Müllerstraße and ends at the Reichenbachbrücke and is about 520 meters long. It was named after the German optician and second honorary citizen of the city, Joseph von Fraunhofer . The Fraunhoferstraße is a traffic axis of inner-city importance, which connects the Altstadtring radially with the, beyond the Isar , district of Au and continues on towards Nockherberg until Giesing . Due to
40-571: A bricked partition. Along Fraunhoferstraße itself, located at the height of the former Colosseum , is to this day the areal view of the Colosseum, the military mill, located on Mahlmühlbach, which has been known as the Mühle in der Sälbenau since the 14th century. North on Müllerstraße, one could see the military hospital built around 1776. It later made way for the Luitpoldgymnasium . The path over to
60-468: Is awarded in recognition of outstanding contributions to the city of Munich. It is not restricted to people living in Munich. A posthumous grant is not allowed. It is a symbolic honour; the recipient does not receive any rights, privileges or duties. The following list is ordered according to the year of bestowal: Franz Xaver Schwarz Franz Xaver Schwarz (27 November 1875 – 2 December 1947)
80-405: Is the oldest transport connection of the inner-city districts with the river Isar to the right expanding parts of Munichs districts, carries its name since 1830. Formerly called Stadtbleichanger ( Bleachfield ), it was renamed in memory of the most important optician of his time, Joseph von Fraunhofer. The area along the present Fraunhoferstraße was known as Stadtbleichanger , because at one time
100-471: The Isar led through fields and meadows past two idyllic country estates, one of which, together with the beautiful, overgrown with old trees garden only which fall victim to the construction of the post office building in 1929. Not far away from it was also a leather factory. South of this factory, next to the Isar, was the lower Pulvermühle (powder mill) and the romantically situated Wollgarten (wool garden) joined
120-644: The Munich City Hall to become the full-time Treasurer of the Nazi Party on 21 March 1925. He rebuilt the financial and administrative functions of the party. It was Schwarz who raised the money for the publication of Adolf Hitler 's book, Mein Kampf . In April–May 1930 Schwarz negotiated the purchase of the party headquarters, the Brown House at 45 Brienner Straße in Munich. From December 1929 to October 1934, Schwarz
140-403: The city bleach settled there. Those who went there, in the year of the naming of Müllerstraße, came through the lane towards Isar and had only undeveloped, open land in front of them. The Müllerstraße, which was planted with poplars along its entire length, bordered on the town fortifications , which at that time still had been largely preserved, with the gate and two bastions in front of it as
160-662: The end of the war, given a 30 percent war disability pension, put into the reserves and commissioned a Leutnant in 1920. Schwarz went to work in an administrative capacity in the Munich City Council. In 1919 Schwarz joined the Deutschvölkischer Schutz- und Trutzbund , the largest and most influential antisemitic organization in the Weimar Republic . Schwarz joined the Nazi Party in 1922 and participated in
180-626: The failed Beer Hall Putsch of November 1923. When the Party was banned by the German government, Schwarz joined the Greater German People's Community , a Nazi front organization based in Munich. He served as the Treasurer of its governing board from 9 July 1924 until it was disbanded. With the re-establishment of the Nazi Party on 27 February 1925, Schwarz immediately rejoined and became party member number six. He left his job as an accountant at
200-449: The north side of Fraunhoferstraße was already fully developed, while the south side, where once the royal hay magazine had its place, still showed open meadows and gardens. In the following decades, however, brisk construction activity was also underway here, and here residential buildings and, among other things, the old Klenzeschule were built. On Fraunhoferstraße, 22 buildings of the road are listed as individual historical monuments. On
220-766: The north side, all buildings from number 3 to number 21 are listed as such. House number 9 was home to the Gaststätte Fraunhofer (restaurant) with the Theater im Fraunhofer and the Werkstattkino . List of honorary citizens of Munich The honorary citizenship ( Ehrenbürgerrecht ) is the highest decoration of the city of Munich . Since 1881, 49 people have been awarded honorary citizenship. The honorary citizenships of Paul von Hindenburg , Franz Ritter von Epp , Franz Xaver Schwarz , Adolf Hitler and Hermann Göring were revoked in 1946. The honorary citizenship
SECTION 10
#1733086042751240-543: The old Brachhaus (plague house). Two streams, one of them known as Blererbach, which were accessible through wooden walkways, flowed through the grounds. The construction of the first Reichenbach Bridge in 1842 only slowly increased construction activity on Fraunhoferstraße. A panoramic photograph, taken in 1858 by Peter Böttger from the Petersturm , shows little new development on the Fraunhoferstraße. Only 15 years later,
260-678: The rank. On 5 June 1944, Schwarz received a high military award, the War Merit Cross , 1st class with Swords ( Kriegsverdienstkreuz 1. Klasse mit Schwertern ) by Hitler for his work during the Munich air raids of 24–25 April of that year. Further, Schwarz led a Volkssturm battalion in Grünwald at the end of the war. He was arrested by the Americans and interned at Camp Ashcan . Schwarz died in another Allied internment camp near Regensburg on 2 December 1947, due to recurring gastric troubles. He
280-560: The roll the street plays in this connection function, it is heavily used by delivery traffic. The tram runs across the full length of Fraunhoferstraße. Under the road, the main line 2 of the Munich U-Bahn with the subway station Fraunhoferstraße near the Reichenbach bridge runs. There, trains of the lines U1, U2 and U7 operate. The Fraunhoferstraße that runs from Müllerstraße to Reichenbachbrücke, alongside Tal and Zweibrückenstraße
300-544: The second highest political rank of the Nazi Party. On 2 October 1933, Schwarz was made a member of the Academy for German Law at its inaugural meeting. Hitler attended Schwarz's 60th birthday celebration on 27 November 1935. Hitler's will, dated 2 May 1938 (which left his entire fortune to the party) included the provision that it be opened in Schwarz's presence. Besides the party treasury (largely based on membership dues), Schwarz
320-535: The war years of 1914 to 1918, he worked as an "administrative official" in the city government of Munich . During World War I , Schwarz served as a warrant officer ( Feldwebelleutnant ) in the Imperial German Army. He served briefly as a platoon leader but due to gastric troubles which afflicted him for his entire life he was spared field duty beginning in January 1916. He was discharged from active service at
340-603: Was a City Councilor in Munich. From 16 September 1931 forward, Hitler granted Schwarz plenipotentiary powers over all financial matters of the Nazi Party. After the Nazi seizure of power , Schwarz was elected to the Reichstag in March 1933, from electoral constituency 26, Franconia , and served until the fall of the Nazi regime. On 2 June 1933, he was also named a Reichsleiter (Reich Leader),
360-654: Was a high ranking German Nazi Party official who served as Reichsschatzmeister (National Treasurer) of the Party throughout most of its existence. He was also one of the highest ranking members of the Schutzstaffel (SS). Schwarz was born in Günzburg , the seventh of eight children born to a master baker and his wife. He was educated up to a high school level at the Günzburger vocational training school. Schwarz married Berta Breher on 26 August 1899. From 1900 to 1924, except for
380-543: Was made a Gruppenführer in the Sturmabteilung (SA), the Nazi paramilitary organization. In June 1932, Schwarz joined the Schutzstaffel , also as a Gruppenführer , with SS member number 38,500. On 1 July 1933 he was promoted to SS- Obergruppenführer . On 9 November 1933 his SA rank was raised to Obergruppenführer as well. Finally, on 20 April 1942, he was promoted to the newly created rank of SS- Oberst-Gruppenführer , becoming one of only four people to ever hold
400-433: Was responsible for the central assignment of NSDAP unique membership numbers. When members died or stopped paying dues, the old numbers were not freed up for new members. If old members picked up their dues later a new party number would be assigned. The Nazi Party had 8.5 million members on the books by 1945. Schwarz was regarded as an able administrator who generally kept out of party politics. On 18 December 1931, Schwarz
#750249