List of forms of government
28-600: Frankenhausen is a German-language place name that may refer to the following: Bad Frankenhausen , Thuringia Battle of Frankenhausen Frankenhausen in Crimmitschau , Free State of Saxony Frankenhausen Abbey Frankenhausen in Mühltal , Hesse Frankenhausen in Grebenstein , Hesse See also [ edit ] Frankhauser Topics referred to by
56-625: A garrison town , formerly of a motorised infantry regiment of the National People's Army , from 1990 on of the 13th Mechanized Infantry Division of the German Army . Population as of 31 December unless otherwise noted: Based on Friedrich Engels ' 1850 book The Peasant War in Germany , Thomas Müntzer as an early revolutionary became an icon of historical materialism in East Germany . At
84-502: A feudal polity (often a former secular principality in the broad sense) held ex officio — the closest possible equivalent to hereditary succession — by a prince of the church , styled more precisely according to his ecclesiastical rank, such as prince-bishop , prince-abbot or, especially as a form of crusader state, grand master . Some of these instances were merely religious offices without sovereign power over any territory, while others, such as Salzburg and Durham , shared some of
112-510: A monarch of a lesser rank than a king, such as a Fürst (usually translated in English as "prince"), as in Liechtenstein, or a Grand Duke . No sovereign duchy currently exists, but Luxembourg is a surviving example of a sovereign grand duchy. Historically there have been sovereign principalities with many styles of ruler, such as Countship , Margraviate and even Lordship , especially within
140-456: A monarch with another title considered to fall under the generic meaning of the term prince . Most of these states have historically been a polity , but in some occasions were rather territories in respect of which a princely title is held. The prince's estate and wealth may be located mainly or wholly outside the geographical confines of the principality. Generally recognised surviving sovereign principalities are Liechtenstein , Monaco , and
168-601: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Bad Frankenhausen Bad Frankenhausen (officially: Bad Frankenhausen/Kyffhäuser ) is a spa town in the German state of Thuringia . It is located at the southern slope of the Kyffhäuser mountain range, on an artificial arm of the Wipper river, a tributary of the Unstrut . Because of
196-404: Is the best vehicle to realise the aspirations of a people, became popular in the late 19th century. A characteristic of nationalism is an identity with a larger region such as an area sharing a common language and culture. With this development, principalities fell out of favour. As a compromise, many principalities united with neighbouring regions and adopted constitutional forms of government, with
224-571: The Holy Roman Empire . While the preceding definition would seem to fit a princely state perfectly, the European historical tradition is to reserve that word for native monarchies in colonial countries, and to apply "principality" to the European monarchies. Though principalities existed in antiquity, even before the height of the Roman Empire , the principality as it is known today developed in
252-524: The Middle Ages between 750 and 1450 when feudalism was the primary economic and social system in much of Europe. Feudalism increased the power of local princes within a king's lands. As princes continued to gain more power over time, the authority of the king was diminished in many places. This led to political fragmentation as the king's lands were broken into mini-states ruled by princes and dukes who wielded absolute power over their small territories. This
280-554: The 450-years jubilee of the battle for Frankenhaus in 1975, the then-ruling Socialist Unity Party of Germany ( SED ) charged the rector of the Leipzig Academy of Visual Arts , Professor Werner Tübke , with the creation of a monumental panorama painting: Early Bourgeois Revolution in Germany , also known as the Peasants' War Panorama . The work in a specially erected rotunda was finished in 1987. Depicting more than 3000 individuals,
308-547: The Bourbons due to their support for the Habsburg pretender. "Principality of Asturias" is the official name of autonomous community of Asturias , however, the term "Principality of Catalonia" or simply "Principality" remains in popular and informal contexts to refer to the autonomous community of Catalonia . The term "principality" is also sometimes used generically for any small monarchy, especially for small sovereign states ruled by
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#1732875901033336-543: The characteristics of secular princes. Prior to the European colonialism, South Asia and South East Asia were under the influence of the Indosphere , where numerous Indianized principalities and empires flourished for several centuries in Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines, Cambodia and Vietnam. The influence of Indian culture into these areas was given the term indianization . George Coedes defined it as
364-611: The co-principality of Andorra . Extant royal primogenitures styled as principalities include Asturias (Spain). The Principality of Wales existed in the northern and western areas of Wales between the 13th and 16th centuries; the Laws in Wales Act 1535 which legally incorporated Wales within England removed the distinction between those areas and the March of Wales . The Principality of Catalonia
392-502: The expansion of an organized culture that was framed upon Indian originations of royalty, Hinduism and Buddhism and the Sanskrit dialect . This can be seen in the spread of Hinduism and Buddhism . Indian honorifics also influenced the Malay , Thai , Filipino and Indonesian honorifics. In the colonial context, the term princely states was used, especially for those that came under
420-595: The fall of the Berlin Wall and the eventual reunification of Germany in October 1990 . Today the Panorama Museum displays art shows and a collection of works of contemporary international artists. Principality A principality (or sometimes princedom ) can either be a monarchical feudatory or a sovereign state , ruled or reigned over by a regnant- monarch with the title of prince and/or princess , or by
448-677: The first millennium, and this trend subsequently led to the creation of such states as France , Portugal , and Spain . Another form of consolidation was orchestrated in Italy during the Renaissance by the Medici family. A banking family from Florence , the Medici took control of governments in various Italian regions and even assumed the papacy . They then appointed family members as princes and assured their protection. Prussia also later expanded by acquiring
476-513: The monarch acting as a mere figurehead while administration was left in the hands of elected parliaments. The trend in the 19th and 20th centuries was the abolition of various forms of monarchy and the creation of republican governments led by popularly elected presidents. Several principalities where genealogical inheritance is replaced by succession in a religious office have existed in the Roman Catholic Church , in each case consisting of
504-467: The nearby Kyffhäuser monument dedicated to Emperor Frederick Barbarossa , it is nicknamed Barbarossastadt . The municipality includes the villages of Seehausen, Udersleben, (since 2007) Esperstedt and (since 2019) Ichstedt and Ringleben . Frankenhausen was first attested as a Frankish settlement in the 9th century in deeds of the Abbey of Fulda . It received town privileges in 1282 and from 1340 on
532-433: The newly created Thuringia in 1920. Since 1818 a saline water well that had been used for centuries to extract salt has been used for saline baths and medical purposes. Therefore, in 1927 Frankenhausen received the official title of a spa town ( Bad ). In the 19th century the town was also famous for the manufacture of pearl buttons . Today it mainly depends on tourism and spa vacation. Since 1972 Frankenhausen has been
560-642: The panorama is 123 metres (404 ft) in length and 14 metres (46 ft) in height. Despite the Politburo 's plans modelled on the Battle of Borodino panorama at Poklonnaya Hill in Moscow , Tübke realised a rather pessimistic vision of a resigned Müntzer standing alone among battling troops, a Bundschuh flag on the ground at his side. The Panorama was inaugurated by Kurt Hager and Margot Honecker , as deputy for her husband Erich , on 14 September 1989, eight weeks before
588-568: The partition of Schwarzburg County in 1599, Frankenhausen became the capital of the Unterherrschaft subdivision of the County of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt , which in 1710 was raised to a principality . Prince Günther Victor was the last German monarch to abdicate, on 23 November (as Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt) and 25 November 1918 (as Prince of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen ). The succeeding short-lived Free State of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt merged into
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#1732875901033616-462: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Frankenhausen . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Frankenhausen&oldid=1083007070 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
644-554: The services provided to their citizens. Princes and dukes developed their lands, established new ports and chartered large thriving cities. Some used their new-found wealth to build palaces and other institutions now associated with sovereign states. While some principalities prospered in their independence, less successful states were swallowed by stronger royal houses. Europe saw consolidation of small principalities into larger kingdoms and empires . This had already happened in England in
672-741: The sway of a European colonising power: for example the British Indian and neighbouring or associated (e.g., Arabian) princely states were ruled by monarchs called Princes by the British, regardless of the native styles, which could be equivalent to royal or even imperial rank in the Indigenous cultures. Principalities have also existed in ancient and modern civilizations of Africa , Pre-Columbian America and Oceania . Several micronations , which de facto have few characteristics of sovereign states and are not recognized as such, more or less seriously claim
700-461: The territories of many other states. However, in the 17th to 19th centuries, especially within the Holy Roman Empire, the reverse was also occurring: many new small sovereign states arose as a result of transfers of land for various reasons. Notable principalities existed until the early 20th century in various regions of Germany and Italy . Nationalism , the belief that the nation-state
728-737: Was a state located in the north-eastern area of the Iberian Peninsula and southern France between the late 12th and early 18th centuries, as the term for the political entity ruled by the Catalan Courts (the parliament) as a member of the composite monarchy of the Crown of Aragon , until the defeat of the Habsburgs in the War of the Spanish Succession (1701-1714), when these institutions were abolished by
756-792: Was especially prevalent in Europe , and particularly with the Princes of the Holy Roman Empire . During the Late Middle Ages from 1200 to 1500, principalities were often at war with each other as royal houses asserted sovereignty over smaller principalities. These wars caused a great deal of instability and economies were destroyed. Episodes of bubonic plague also reduced the power of principalities to survive independently. Eventually, agricultural progress and development of new trade goods and services boosted commerce between principalities. Many of these states became wealthy, expanded their territories and improved
784-551: Was part of the County of Schwarzburg . On 15 May 1525 it was the location of the Battle of Frankenhausen , one of the last great battles of the German Peasants' War , when the insurgent peasants under Thomas Müntzer were defeated by troops of the allied Duke George of Saxony , Landgrave Philip I of Hesse and Duke Henry V of Brunswick-Lüneburg . Müntzer was captured, tortured and finally beheaded at Mühlhausen on 27 May. With
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