In the United States , national forest is a classification of protected and managed federal lands that are largely forest and woodland areas. They are owned collectively by the American people through the federal government and managed by the United States Forest Service , a division of the United States Department of Agriculture . The U.S. Forest Service is also a forestry research organization which provides financial assistance to state and local forestry industry. There are 154 national forests in the United States.
21-598: Frank Holten State Recreation Area is an urban Illinois state park on 1,080 acres (437 ha) in unincorporated Centreville Township , St. Clair County , Illinois , United States . It is located less than five miles southeast of the Gateway Arch in Greater St. Louis . The park is bisected by Interstate 255 . In 1932, the City of East St. Louis completed Lake Park, its second large city park, after 28 years of planning and at
42-559: A conservation land holding district, after approval by county voters. Although most of the 102 counties have not established such a public landholding agency, below are the approved county districts: United States National Forest The Land Revision Act of 1891 , enacted during the presidency of Benjamin Harrison , allowed the president to set aside forest reserves on public lands. Harrison established 15 forest reserves containing more than 13 million acres of land. The bill
63-535: A cost of $ 5 million. At the time, it was the third largest municipal park in the nation (after Central Park in New York and Forest Park in neighboring St. Louis ). It first appears as Grand Marais State Park on a 1953 road map, after previously being identified as Lake Park in 1949. Unfortunately, it was too expensive to maintain so it was sold to the State of Illinois in 1964 for $ 1 and renamed Grand Marais State Park, after
84-596: A protected area in Illinois is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This St. Clair County, Illinois location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . List of Illinois state parks Illinois has a variety of protected areas , including over 123 state-protected areas, dozens of federally protected areas, hundreds of county-level and municipal park areas. Illinois also contains sites designated as internationally important protected areas. These multiple levels of protection contribute to
105-772: A statewide network of numerous recreation opportunities and conservation schemes, sometimes in a small area. For example, DeKalb County contains a 1,000-acre (4.0 km ) forest preserve system and a 1,500-acre (6.1 km ) state park ( Shabbona Lake State Park ); within DeKalb County, the DeKalb Park District in the City of DeKalb has a 700-acre (2.8 km ) park system. Illinois state-owned protected areas include state parks , state forests , state recreation areas , state fish and wildlife areas , state natural areas, and one state trail. These areas are all administered by
126-557: A substantial degree its original natural or primeval character, though it need not be completely undisturbed, or has floral, faunal, ecological, geological or archaeological features of scientific, educational, scenic or esthetic interest.” Illinois contains one national forest , the Shawnee National Forest , one national grassland, Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie , and several other sites administered by
147-533: Is protected and listed as a state-owned historic site. Two of the eight World Heritage Site structures exemplifying the 20th-Century architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright are also located in Illinois: Unity Temple and the Robie House , and are protected by local and federal schemes. In addition to cultural sites, Illinois contains five wetland areas designated as wetlands of international importance under
168-602: The Illinois Department of Natural Resources . In addition, dozens of state historic sites are administered by the Illinois Historic Preservation Division . State historic sites are typically protected for their historic and cultural importance but may include a nature preservation component, such as at Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site and Lincoln's New Salem . For a list, see Illinois Historic Preservation Division . State parks are owned by
189-486: The National Park Service , extraction of natural resources from national forests is permitted, and in many cases encouraged. Forest products are the resources removed and harvested from national forests. They may be for commercial or personal use such as “lumber, paper, and firewood as well as 'special forest products' such as medicinal herbs, fungi, edible fruits and nuts, and other natural products”. However,
210-607: The National Park Service , including portions of National Trails. There are also National Wildlife Refuges . The following U.S. Wilderness areas are located within the Shawnee National Forest and are administered by the U.S. Forest Service : Crab Orchard Wilderness is located within Crab Orchard National Wildlife Refuge The National Park Service operates the federally owned Lincoln Home National Historic Site in Springfield ,
231-955: The Pullman National Historical Park in Chicago , and the New Philadelphia National Historic Site in Pike County in rural western Illinois. The Chicago Portage National Historic Site is a National Park Service-affiliated site which is located in the Forest Preserve District of Cook County . In addition, the National Park Service partners with the Abraham Lincoln National Heritage Area . One UNESCO World Heritage Site in Illinois, Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site ,
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#1733093096521252-643: The Ramsar Convention : A variety of county and town protected areas exist in Illinois, including city park districts and county-wide Forest Preserve or Conservation Districts, as well as land owned by private conservation organizations. One of the largest systems is the Forest Preserve District of Cook County , which includes Brookfield Zoo and the Chicago Botanic Garden as well as 70,000 acres (280 km ) of open land, or 11.6 percent of Cook County's land area. Under Illinois law, counties may set up
273-450: The Trump administration encouraged more forest products to be harvested in order to support a struggling economy. There was a plan to develop around 190 million acres of protected National Forests in order to increase logging, grazing, and energy resources. This would be facilitated through shrinking the rules and regulations required to get permits to conduct such business. In October 2020,
294-549: The Federal Government's participation in this effort and repeal the current $ 30 million annual funding cap for the Reforestation Trust Fund. The United States national forest comprises about 132 million acres. There are 154 national forests and 20 national grasslands containing 193 million acres (297,000 mi /769 000 km ) of land. These lands comprise 8.5 percent of the total land area of
315-578: The Forest Service to identify, investigate, and protect cultural resources on lands it manages. The U.S. Forest Service also manages all of the United States national grasslands and nearly 50% of the United States national recreation areas . Land management of these areas focuses on conservation , timber harvesting , livestock grazing , watershed protection, wildlife , and recreation . Unlike national parks and other federal lands managed by
336-611: The Trump administration proclaimed its goal of "strengthening markets for wood products and incentivizing innovative manufacturing techniques" and reported "The Department of Agriculture’s Forest Service sold 3.3 billion board feet of timber from national forests in fiscal year 2019 — the highest output since 1997". Furthermore, President Trump signed an executive order to "establish the United States One Trillion Trees Interagency Council" in order to further
357-597: The United States, an area about the size of Texas . About 87 percent of national forest land lies in the Western United States , mostly in mountain ranges. Alaska has 12 percent of all national forest lands. Within the national forest system, there are 1,200 sites listed on the National Register of Historic Places and 23 are National Historic Landmarks . The National Historic Preservation Act requires
378-634: The first-designated wilderness areas , and some of the largest, are on national forest lands. There are management decision conflicts between conservationists and environmentalists and natural resource extraction companies and lobbies (e.g. logging & mining) over the protection and/or use of national forest lands. These conflicts center on endangered species protection, logging of old-growth forests , intensive clear cut logging , undervalued stumpage fees, mining operations and mining claim laws, and logging/mining access roadbuilding within national forests. Additional conflicts arise from concerns that
399-636: The geographic area's historic name Grand Marais (French for "large swamp" or "great marsh"). Its name was changed to Frank Holten State Park on May 1, 1967, in honor of the recently deceased distinguished legislator from East St. Louis, who served the region in the Illinois General Assembly for 48 years. The Grand Marais name is preserved through the 18-hole Grand Marais Golf Course. The park also contains two lakes, Whispering Willow Lake and Grand Marais Lake, that total more than 200 acres of water and 5 miles of shoreline. This article related to
420-564: The state and generally administered by the Illinois Department of Natural Resources . Specifically, “State Park” refers to sites “exhibiting exceptional scenic and natural features and terrain” and that “offer a wide range of recreational opportunities for the public to enjoy”. Areas whose primary purpose is to “reserve land and water areas for production and conservation of fish or wildlife and to provide hunting, fishing, trapping, observation, and other forms of compatible recreational use.” Areas of land which “either retains or has recovered to
441-475: Was the result of concerted action by Los Angeles -area businessmen and property owners who were concerned by the harm being done to the watershed of the San Gabriel Mountains by ranchers and miners. Abbot Kinney and forester Theodore Lukens were key spokesmen for the effort. There have been multiple legislative acts to expand the scope of the national forest system, as well as shrinking it. In 2020,
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