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36-735: Francine Rivers is the daughter of a police officer and a nurse . From the time she was a child, Rivers wanted to be a published author. She attended Amador Valley High School in Pleasanton, California . She attended the University of Nevada, Reno , where she graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree in English and journalism. After her graduation she spent time as a newspaper reporter, writing obituaries and human interest stories. After her mother-in-law lent her several romance novels, Rivers decided that she would try to write in that genre. Her first manuscript

72-413: A corporate title Chief executive officer (CEO) Chief financial officer (CFO) Chief operating officer (COO) Executive officer Education [ edit ] Chief academic officer, a provost Sabbatical officer Law enforcement [ edit ] Bylaw enforcement officer Corrections officer Customs officer Environmental Health Officer Officer of

108-481: A Bronze Commander would be a senior officer on the ground, coordinating the efforts in the center of the emergency, Silver Commanders would be positioned in an 'Incident Control Room' erected to improve better communications at the scene, and a Gold Commander would be in overall command in the Control Room. Police are also responsible for reprimanding minor offenders by issuing citations which typically may result in

144-499: A Senior Deputy with The San Francisco Sheriff's Office earned a top salary of double those in Connecticut. There are numerous concerns affecting the safety and health of police officers, including occupational stress and death in the line of duty. On August 6, 2019, New Jersey Attorney General Gurbir Grewal announced the creation of the first U.S. state-wide program to support the mental health of police officers. The goal of

180-453: A corresponding uniform, some police officers are plain-clothed in order to pass themselves off as members of the public. In most countries police officers are given exemptions from certain laws to perform their duties. For example, an officer may use force if necessary to arrest or detain a person when it would ordinarily be assault. In some countries, officers can also violate traffic code to perform their duties. The word "police" comes from

216-644: A grade, class, or rank of within certain chivalric orders and orders of merit , e.g. Legion of Honour (France), Order of the Holy Sepulchre ( Holy See ), Order of the British Empire ( UK ), Order of Leopold ( Belgium ) Great Officer of State Merchant marine officer or licensed mariner Officer of arms Officer in The Salvation Army , and other state decorations Corporations [ edit ] Bank officer Corporate officer,

252-399: A letter on her webpage Francine Rivers refers to the books written before her conversion to Christianity as her " B.C. " (before Christ) bibliography. She has purchased the publication rights to her earlier romance novels so that she can prevent them from being released again, but some titles have been rereleased and others circulate in used bookstores. Her inspirational series, The Mark of

288-488: A medical emergency. Police are typically trained in basic first aid such as CPR . Some park rangers are commissioned as law enforcement officers and carry out a law-enforcement role within national parks and other back-country wilderness and recreational areas, whereas military police perform law enforcement functions within the military. In most countries, candidates for the police force must have completed some formal education. Increasing numbers of people joining

324-490: A merchant ship Third officer or third mate , typically the safety officer on a merchant ship Second Engineering Officer , the person in charge of the engine room on a merchant ship Third Engineering Officer , an Engineering Officer of the Watch See also [ edit ] First Officer (disambiguation) References [ edit ] ^ Heathfield, Susan (2021-02-19). "What Do Job Titles Signify on

360-450: A position of authority in a hierarchical organization . The term derives from Old French oficier "officer, official" (early 14c., Modern French officier ), from Medieval Latin officiarius "an officer," from Latin officium "a service, a duty" the late Latin from officiarius , meaning " official ." Examples [ edit ] Ceremonial and other contexts [ edit ] Officer, and/or Grand Officer, are both

396-434: A public safety function at large gatherings, as well as in emergencies , disasters , search and rescue operations, and traffic collisions . To provide a prompt response in emergencies, the police often coordinate their operations with fire and emergency medical services . In some countries, individuals serve jointly as police officers as well as firefighters (creating the role of fire police ). In many countries, there

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432-516: Is a common emergency telephone number that allows the police, firefighters, or medical services to be summoned to an emergency. Some countries, such as the United Kingdom , have introduced command procedures for use in major emergencies or disorder. In the UK, The Gold Silver Bronze command structure is a system set up to improve communications between ground-based officers and the control room. Typically,

468-400: Is an accepted version of this page public safety , civil service , public service , rescue, A police officer (also called a policeman (male) or policewoman (female), a cop , an officer , or less commonly a constable ) is a warranted law employee of a police force . In most countries, "police officer" is a generic term not specifying a particular rank. In some, the use of

504-543: Is no stigma in shunning promotion, as experienced line patrol officers are highly regarded. Dependent upon each agency, but generally after completing two years of service, officers may apply for specialist positions, such as detective , police dog handler, mounted police officer, motorcycle officer, water police officer, or firearms officer (in countries where police are not routinely armed). In some countries, including Singapore , police ranks are supplemented through conscription , similar to national service in

540-536: Is to maintain order, keeping the peace through surveillance of the public, and the subsequent reporting and apprehension of suspected violators of the law. They also function to discourage crimes through high-visibility policing, and most police forces have an investigative capability. Police have the legal authority to arrest and detain, usually granted by magistrates. Police officers also respond to calls for service , along with routine community policing . Police are often used as an emergency service and may provide

576-616: The Old Testament book of Hosea to the American West of the 1850s and tells the story of a prostitute named Angel, who is eventually reformed and converted to Christianity by the stoic patience and love of a frontier farmer named Michael Hosea. Rivers' subsequent novels have all been in the inspirational fiction genre, as Rivers wants to "illustrate Christ and the Christian walk, to address difficult problems and write realistic stories." In

612-517: The Greek politeia , meaning government , which came to mean its civil administration. The more general term for the function is law enforcement officer or peace officer. A sheriff is typically the top police officer of a county, with that word coming from the person enforcing law over a shire . A person who has been deputized to serve the function of the sheriff is referred to as the deputy. Police officers are those empowered by government to enforce

648-591: The Latin capere , brought to English via the Old French caper . The responsibilities of a police officer are varied, and may differ greatly from within one political context to another. Typical duties relate to keeping the peace, law enforcement, protection of people and property and the investigation of crimes. Officers are expected to respond to a variety of situations that may arise while they are on duty. Rules and guidelines dictate how an officer should behave within

684-752: The Lion, sold over half a million copies. In 2007, her novel The Last Sin Eater was made into a feature film , directed by Michael Landon Jr. and distributed by Fox Faith . Rivers has been honored with many awards, including the Christy Award , the ECPA Gold Medallion , and the Holt Medallion . Rivers is also a member of the Romance Writers of America 's Hall of Fame . She has won four RWA RITA Awards ,

720-537: The Organization Chart?" . The Balance Careers . Retrieved 2021-04-12 . ^ "officer | Origin and meaning of officer by Online Etymology Dictionary" . www.etymonline.com . Retrieved 2021-04-12 . Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Officer&oldid=1240533641 " Categories : Management occupations Positions of authority Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description

756-765: The United States, an average patrol officer's salary was $ 64,610 in 2021. In London, capital of the UK, a police officer's average basic salary in 2020 was £36,773 per annum. In the Netherlands, the average police officer working on the street is ranked in salary scale 6 to 9, €27,584 to €54,177 gross (€23,805 to €38,037 net) per year. Apart from these scales, there are higher functions which can increase an officer's salary. In some towns of Fairfield County, Connecticut , Police officers have earned $ 178,000-$ 312,000 with overtime. Similar pay rates have made reports for New Jersey and Oakland, California police officers. In 2023,

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792-477: The action in many of her contemporary novels is set). They have three children: Trevor, Shannon, and Travis; and five grandchildren. In 2007, a film adaptation of The Last Sin Eater directed by Michael Landon Jr. was released by Fox Faith . A film adaptation based on Rivers' bestselling novel Redeeming Love was announced in early 2020, with D.J. Caruso directing and Pure Flix Entertainment and Lightworkers Media producing. Police officer This

828-399: The community, and in many contexts, restrictions are placed on what the uniformed officer may wear. In some countries, rules and procedures dictate that a police officer is obliged to intervene in a criminal incident, even when off-duty. Police officers in nearly all countries retain their lawful powers while off duty. In the majority of Western legal systems, the major role of the police

864-497: The court Parking enforcement officer Police officer Security officer Military [ edit ] Officer (armed forces) Commanding officer Petty officer Politics and government [ edit ] Chief Medical Officer Foreign Service Officer , a diplomatic officer Internal Service Officer , a diplomatic officer Presiding Officer (disambiguation) Returning officer Shipping industry [ edit ] Captain (nautical) ,

900-468: The highest award given in romantic fiction. Her first RITA was for Best Historical Romance in 1986 for Not So Wild a Dream. Her subsequent ones, in 1995, 1996, and 1997, have been for Best Inspirational Romance. She executive produced and wrote the script for the upcoming film adaptation of her novel, Redeeming Love , which is set to debut in theaters in 2021. Francine Rivers is married to Rick Rivers and they live together in northern California (where

936-404: The imposition of fines , particularly for violations of traffic law. Traffic enforcement is often, but not always, accomplished by police officers on police motorcycles —called motor officers, these officers refer to the motorcycles they ride on duty as simply motors. Police are also trained to assist persons in distress, such as motorists whose cars have broken down and people experiencing

972-450: The laws it creates. In The Federalist collection of articles and essays, James Madison wrote: " If men were angels, no Government would be necessary ". These words apply to those who serve government, including police. A common nickname for a police officer is "cop"; derived from the verb sense "to arrest", itself derived from "to grab". Thus, "someone who captures", a "copper", was shortened to just "cop". It may also find its origin in

1008-620: The military or security services. In the United States, state laws may codify statewide qualification standards regarding age, education, criminal record, and training, but in other countries requirements are set by local police agencies. Generally, each police agency has different requirements. Promotion is not automatic and usually requires the candidate to pass some kind of examination, interview board or other selection procedure. Although promotion normally includes an increase in salary , it also brings with it an increase in responsibility and for most, an increase in administrative paperwork. There

1044-518: The military. Qualifications may thus be relaxed or enhanced depending on the target mix of conscripts. Conscripts face tougher physical requirements in areas such as eyesight, but minimum academic qualification requirements are less stringent. Some join as volunteers, again via differing qualification requirements. In some societies, police officers are paid relatively well compared to other occupations; their pay depends on what rank they are within their police force and how many years they have served. In

1080-406: The person in charge of a merchant ship Chief Engineering Officer , the person in charge of the technical department on a merchant ship Chief officer or chief mate , typically the person in charge of the deck department of a merchant ship Coastguard Rescue Officer , a rescue officer employed by HM Coastguard Second officer or second mate , typically the navigator and medical officer on

1116-503: The police possess tertiary education qualifications and in response to this, many police forces have developed a "fast-track" scheme whereby those with university degrees spend two to three years as a constable before receiving promotion to higher ranks, such as sergeants or inspectors . (Officers who work within investigative divisions or plainclothes are not necessarily of a higher rank but merely have different duties.) Police officers are also recruited from those with experience in

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1152-632: The program is to train officers in emotional resiliency and to help destigmatize mental health problems. Almost universally, police officers are authorized to use force, up to and including deadly force , when acting in a law enforcement capacity. Although most law enforcement agencies follow some variant of the use of force continuum , where officers are only authorized to use the level of force required to match situational requirements, specific thresholds and responses vary between jurisdictions . While officers are trained to avoid excessive use of force, and may be held legally accountable for infractions,

1188-740: The rank " officer " is legally reserved for military personnel. Police officers are generally charged with the apprehension of suspects and the prevention, detection, and reporting of crime , protection and assistance of the general public, and the maintenance of public order. Police officers may be sworn to an oath , and have the power to arrest people and detain them for a limited time, along with other duties and powers. Some officers are trained in special duties, such as counter-terrorism , surveillance , child protection , VIP protection , civil law enforcement , and investigation techniques into major crime including fraud , rape , murder , and drug trafficking . Although many police officers wear

1224-399: The required autonomy, protection, and discretion . As an example, the use of body-worn cameras has been shown to reduce both instances of misconduct and complaints against officers. Officer Person who has a position of authority in a hierarchical organization For other uses, see Officer (disambiguation) . An officer is a person who has

1260-436: The variability of law enforcement and its dependence on human judgment have made the subject an area of controversy and research. In the performance of their duties, police officers may act unlawfully, either deliberately or as a result of errors in judgment. Police accountability efforts strive to protect citizens and their rights by ensuring legal and effective law enforcement conduct, while affording individual officers

1296-540: Was sold and became published in 1976. For the next several years she wrote historical romance novels . In 1986, Rivers became a born-again Christian , and for three years she had difficulty finding plots for new novels. She spent her time instead studying the Bible , and decided to adapt her writing to focus on more Christian themes. Her first novel in the new vein, Redeeming Love , was released in 1991. Rivers considers it to be her statement of faith. Redeeming Love updates

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