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39-420: Flip-flops are a type of light sandal-like shoe, typically worn as a form of casual footwear. They consist of a flat sole held loosely on the foot by a Y-shaped strap known as a toe thong that passes between the first and second toes and around both sides of the foot. This style of footwear has been worn by people of many cultures throughout the world, originating as early as the ancient Egyptians in 1500 BC. In

78-565: A litter carried by slaves could not be used between the two houses, it was considered proper to walk to the other house in calcei while carrying the shoes to be removed under the arm. The guest would change in the entryway and then have slaves remove the second pair of shoes in the dining room. In his autobiography Edward Carpenter told how sandals came to be made in England: While in India Harold Cox went in [18]85 or [18]86 for

117-421: A platform design with 12 separate layers in its sole and gold decoration. Because of the general discomfort of the typical upper-class calceus , it was standard in ancient Rome to switch to sandals ( solea or crepida ) or slippers at home and it was considered an oddity of Augustus that he seldom did so. However, wearing comfortable shoes in public was considered effeminate and discussion of

156-404: A "unisexing" of fashion. By the 1960s , women adopted T-shirts , jeans , and collared shirts , and for the first time in nearly 200 years, it was fashionable for men to have long hair. Casual wear is typically the dress code in which forms of gender expression are experimented with. An example is masculine jewelry, which was once considered shocking or titillating even in casual circles, and

195-659: A can with thrown flip-flops. When the Los Angeles–based Angel City FC and San Diego Wave FC joined the National Women's Soccer League in 2022 , a leader in an Angel City supporters' group called the new regional rivalry La Chanclásico as a nod to the region's Hispanic heritage. The rivalry name combines chancla with clásico ("classic"), used in Spanish to describe many sports rivalries. The Chanclásico name quickly caught on with both fanbases, and before

234-518: A frequent wearer of flip-flops and has met with several U.S. presidents, including George W. Bush and Barack Obama , while wearing the sandals. While exact sales figures for flip-flops are difficult to obtain due to the large number of stores and manufacturers involved, the Atlanta-based company Flip Flop Shops claimed that the shoes were responsible for a $ 20 billion industry in 2009. Furthermore, sales of flip-flops exceeded those of sneakers for

273-484: A kind of sandal principally worn by women. The sole was made of wood, cork, or leather and the upper chiefly consisted of a strap between the big toe and second toe and another around the ankle. The sandal of Homer was the pédila ( πέδιλα ). By the Classical Period , the general term for sandals was hypódēma ( ὑπόδημα ). Most forms included a strap across the toes ( ζυγὸς , zygòs ), another strap between

312-624: A list of 150 cultural icons of Queensland, representing the people, places, events, and things that were significant to Queensland 's first 150 years. Thongs (as they are known in Queensland) were among as the Q150 Icons . Sandal The English word sandal derives under influence from Middle French sandale from the Latin sandalium and is first attested in Middle English in

351-456: A strap or lace, variously called a latchet, sabot strap or sandal, that passes over the arch of the foot or around the ankle. A sandal may or may not have a heel (either low or high ) or heel strap. Casual attire [REDACTED] = Day (before 6 p.m.) [REDACTED] = Evening (after 6 p.m.)     = Bow tie colour [REDACTED] = Ladies [REDACTED] = Gentlemen Casual wear (or casual attire or clothing )

390-649: A strap with three anchor points: between the big and second toes, then bifurcating to anchor on both sides of the foot. "Flip-flop" may be an onomatopoeia of the sound made by the sandals when walking in them. Flip-flops are also called thongs (sometimes pluggers , single- or double- depending on construction) in Australia, jandals (originally a trademarked name derived from "Japanese sandals") in New Zealand, and slops or plakkies in South Africa and Zimbabwe. In

429-545: A tour in Cashmere , and from Cashmere he sent me a pair of Indian sandals. I had asked him, before he went out, to send some likely pattern of sandals, as I felt anxious to try some myself. I soon found the joy of wearing them. And after a little time I set about making them. I got two or three lessons from W. Lill, a bootmaker friend in Sheffield , and soon succeeded in making a good many pairs for myself and various friends. Since then

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468-625: Is a Western dress code that is relaxed, occasional, spontaneous and suited for everyday use. Casual wear became popular in the Western world following the counterculture of the 1960s . When emphasising casual wear's comfort, it may be referred to as leisurewear or loungewear . While casual is " informal " in the sense of "not formal", informal wear traditionally refers to a Western dress code associated with suits —a step below semi-formal wear —thus being more formal than casual attire. Modern casual fashion can be traced to fashion sportswear from

507-549: Is a number 7 resin , they can't be easily discarded, and they persist in landfills for a very long time. In response to these concerns, some companies have begun selling flip-flops made from recycled rubber, such as that from used bicycle tires, or even hemp , and some offer a recycling program for used flip flops. Because of the strap between the toes, flip-flops are typically not worn with socks . In colder weather, however, some people wear flip-flops with toe socks or merely pull standard socks forward and bunch them up between

546-404: Is a wide range for expression, including punk fashion and fashion inspired by earlier decades, such as the 1970s and 1980s . Madonna popularized lace , jewelry , and cosmetics into casual wear during the 1980s. In the 1990s, hip hop fashion played up elaborate jewelry and luxurious materials worn in conjunction with athletic gear and the clothing of manual labor. Casual wear introduced

585-498: Is known to be used as a tool of corporal punishment by mothers, similar to the use of slippers for the same purpose in Europe. Poor conduct in public may elicit being struck on the head with a flip-flop. The flip-flop may also be thrown at a misbehaving child. For many children, even the threat of the mother reaching down to take off a flip-flop and hold it in her raised hand is considered enough to correct their behaviour. The notoriety of

624-479: Is now hardly noteworthy in semi-formal situations. Amelia Bloomer introduced trousers of a sort for women as a casual alternative to formal hoops and skirts. The trend toward female exposure in the 20th century tended to push the necklines of formal ball gowns lower and the skirts of cocktail dresses higher. Jeans, dress shirt (casually turn down collared ), and a T-shirt or sleeveless shirt are typically considered casual wear for men in modern times. For men,

663-668: The Bahamas , Hawai‘i , Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago . Thong sandals have been worn for thousands of years, as shown in images of them in ancient Egyptian murals from 4,000 BC. A pair found in Europe was made of papyrus leaves and dated to be approximately 1,500 years old. These early versions of flip-flops were made from a wide variety of materials. Ancient Egyptian sandals were made from papyrus and palm leaves. The Maasai people of Africa made them out of rawhide . In India , they were made from wood . In China and Japan , rice straw

702-515: The Mesopotamians , with the strap between the third and fourth toes. In India , a related "toe knob" sandal was common, with no straps but instead a small knob located between the first and second toes. They are known as Padukas . The modern flip-flop became popular in the United States as soldiers returning from World War II brought Japanese zōri with them. It caught on in the 1950s during

741-472: The United States the modern flip-flop may have had its design taken from the traditional Japanese zōri after World War II , as soldiers brought them back from Japan. Flip-flops became a prominent unisex summer footwear starting in the 1960s. The term flip-flop has been used in American and British English since the 1960s to describe inexpensive footwear consisting of a flat base, typically rubber, and

780-481: The oldest known footwear at present. Pairs of sagebrush sandals discovered in 1938 at Fort Rock Cave in Oregon , USA , were later dated to 10,500 to 9,300   years ago . The ancient Egyptians wore sandals made of palm leaves, papyrus , and—at least in grave goods —gold. Egyptian statues and reliefs show sandals both on the feet and carried by sandal-bearers . According to Herodotus , papyrus footwear

819-456: The postwar boom and after the end of hostilities of the Korean War . As they became adopted into American popular culture, the sandals were redesigned and changed into the bright colors that dominated 1950s design. They quickly became popular due to their convenience and comfort, and were popular in beach-themed stores and as summer shoes. During the 1960s, flip-flops became firmly associated with

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858-758: The 1920s, including tweed blazers , oxford shoes , and golf skirts. An increase in the popularity of bicycling brought about a need for culottes , a forerunner for casual shorts. As the century progressed, "casual" came to encompass more styles, including denim workwear and elements from military uniforms . With the popularity of spectator sports in the late 20th century, a good deal of athletic gear has influenced casual wear, such as jogging suits , running shoes , and track clothing. Basic materials used for casual wear include denim , cotton , jersey , flannel , and fleece . Materials such as velvet , chiffon , and brocade are often associated with more formal clothes. While casual dress evokes utilitarian costume, there

897-577: The Philippines, they are called tsinelas . In India, they are called chappals , (which traditionally referred to leather slippers). This is hypothesized to have come from the Telugu word ceppu ( చెప్పు ), from Proto-Dravidian *keruppu, meaning "sandal". In some parts of Latin America, flip-flops are called chanclas . Throughout the world, they are also known by a variety of other names, including slippers in

936-951: The beach lifestyle of California . As such, they were promoted as primarily a casual accessory, typically worn with shorts , bathing suits , or summer dresses. As they became more popular, some people started wearing them for dressier or more formal occasions. In 1962, Alpargatas S.A. marketed a version of flip-flops known as Havaianas in Brazil. By 2010, more than 150 million pairs of Havaianas were produced each year. By 2019, production tops 200 million pairs per year. Prices range from under $ 5 for basics to more than $ 50 for high-end fashion models. Flip-flops quickly became popular as casual footwear of young adults. Girls would often decorate their flip-flops with metallic finishes, charms, chains, beads, rhinestones , or other jewelry. Modern flip-flops are available in leather, suede, cloth or synthetic materials such as plastic. Platform and high-heeled variants of

975-408: The big and second toe, and a third across the instep ( lingula ); this last was frequently made with metal shaped like a heart or leaf. The rhaḯdia ( ῥαΐδια ) extended the straps of the sandal up the calf. Some Greek sandals—like the women's tyrrēniká ( τυρρηνικά )—employed wooden soles. The effeminate baxea ( πάξεια , páxeia ) was usually made of willow leaves, twigs, or fibers and

1014-526: The feet, ankles and lower legs or tendonitis. The flip-flop straps may cause frictional issues, such as rubbing during walking, resulting in blisters, and the open-toed design may result in stubbed or even broken toes. Particularly, individuals with flat feet or other foot issues are advised to wear a shoe or sandal with better support. The American Podiatric Medical Association strongly recommends that people not play sports in flip-flops, or do any type of yard work with or without power tools, including cutting

1053-491: The first game between the teams, the aforementioned Angel City supporter created a rivalry trophy consisting of a flip-flop mounted on a trophy base and covered with gold spray paint. The rivalry name was effectively codified via a tweet from Wave and US national team star Alex Morgan . As part of Q150 celebrations in 2009 celebrating the first 150 years of Queensland, Australia, the Queensland Government published

1092-624: The first time in 2006. If these figures are accurate, it is remarkable considering the low cost of most flip-flops. The modern flip-flop has a straightforward design, consisting of a thin sole with two straps running in a Y shape from the sides of the foot to the gap between the big toe and the one beside it. Flip-flops are made from a wide variety of materials, as were the ancient thong sandals. The modern sandals are made of more modern materials, such as rubber , foam , plastic , leather, suede , and even fabric. Flip-flops made of polyurethane have caused some environmental concerns; because polyurethane

1131-657: The form sandalies . The Latin term derived from Greek sandálion ( σανδάλιον ), the diminutive of sándalon ( σάνδαλον ), of uncertain origin. In Greek, the names referred to particular styles of women's sandals rather than being the general word for the category of footwear. Similarly, in Latin, the name was also used for slippers , the more common term for Roman sandals being solea , whence English sole . The English words sand and sandalwood are both false cognates . Although some other kinds of footwear like carbatina are as simple to make, sandals are

1170-516: The grass, when they wear these shoes. There are reports of people who ran or jumped in flip-flops and suffered sprained ankles, fractures, and severe ligament injuries that required surgery. Because they provide almost no protection from the sun, on a part of the body more heavily exposed and where sunscreen can more easily be washed off, sunburn can be a risk for flip-flop wearers. For many Latin Americans , la chancla (the flip-flop), held or thrown,

1209-463: The habit was used as an insult by politicians and writers. Scipio the Elder , Verres , Antony , Germanicus , and Caligula were all pointedly reproached for doing so and the stigma did not die off until at least the reign of Hadrian . Because shoes were removed when reclining on couches to dine, it was normal to wear slippers or sandals to meals even at other houses. Because of the stigma, however, when

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1248-526: The practice has become an Internet meme among Latin Americans and Hispanic and Latino immigrants to the United States . In recent years, the practice has been increasingly condemned as physically abusive . One essay, "The Meaning of Chancla: Flip Flops and Discipline", seeks to end "chancla culture" in disciplining children. In India, a chappal is traditionally a leather slipper, but the term has also come to include flip-flops. A mother's corporal punishment

1287-405: The sandals began to appear in the 1990s, and in the late 2010s, kitten heeled "kit-flops". In the U.S., flip-flops with college colors and logos became common for fans to wear to intercollegiate games. In 2011, while vacationing in his native Hawaii , Barack Obama became the first President of the United States to be photographed wearing a pair of flip-flops. The Dalai Lama of Tibet is also

1326-444: The toes. The Japanese commonly wear tabi , a type of sock with a single slot for the thong, with their zōri . Flip-flops provide the wearer with some mild protection from hazards on the ground, such as sharp rocks, splintery wooden surfaces, hot sand at the beach, broken glass, or even fungi and wart -causing viruses in locker rooms or community pool surfaces. However, walking for long periods in flip-flops can result in pain in

1365-478: The trade has grown into quite a substantial one. G. Adams took it up at Millthorpe in 1889; making, I suppose, about a hundred or more pairs a year; and since his death it has been carried on at the Garden City, Letchworth . A sandal may have a sole made from rubber , leather , wood , tatami or rope . It may be held to the foot by a narrow thong that generally passes between the first and second toe, or by

1404-515: Was associated with comic actors and philosophers . The tragedians wore the cothurnus ( κόθορνος , kóthornos ), sandal-like boots that rose above the midcalf and typically incorporated platform soles that led to others wearing them to appear taller. By the Hellenistic Period , some sandals show evidence of extreme ornamentation. One found from the settlements in Greek Crimea was

1443-540: Was often with a chappal, striking the child on the buttocks, hands or about the head and shoulders. Throwing a chappal became a video trope, "flying chappal," and "Flying chappal received" an expression by an adult acknowledging that they had been verbally chastised by their parents or other adults. Flip-flops are "tsinelas" in the Philippines, derived from the Spanish "chinela" (for slipper), and are used to discipline children, but with no mention of throwing. And children play Tumbang preso , which involves trying to knock over

1482-463: Was part of the required dress of the Egyptian priests . The sandals of Mesopotamia (" Biblical sandals ") were typically made of rawhide and straw (dried grasses). The wealthy sometimes used gems or gold or silver beads on the thongs. Straw shoes, sometimes in the form of sandals and sometimes carbatinae, were ubiquitous Chinese footwear in antiquity. In Ancient Greece , sandalia proper were

1521-464: Was used. The leaves of the sisal plant were used to make twine for sandals in South America , while the natives of Mexico used the yucca plant. The Ancient Greeks and Romans wore versions of flip-flops as well. In Greek sandals, the toe strap was worn between the first and second toes, while Roman sandals had the strap between the second and third toes. These differ from the sandals worn by

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