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70-925: Wayne County was formed within the Northwest Territory covering the Lower Peninsula . The Saginaw Valley Treaty was signed with the Chippewa Indians in 1819. In 1836, the Pewanigo tribe of the Saginaw Indians sign a treaty with the US government that gave all remaining land in Genesee County for 13 sections of land west of the Mississippi River with the land to be sold for the Indians' benefits. On March 9, 1833,

140-640: A Democrat in Wayne County in 36 years, winning by less than 30% for the first time since 1988. The last Republican candidate to carry Wayne County in a statewide election was Candice Miller when she won re-election to the Secretary of State office in 1998 . Wayne County is split between three congressional districts: School districts: Former school districts: Tertiary institutions: 42°17′N 83°16′W  /  42.28°N 83.26°W  / 42.28; -83.26 White (U.S. Census) In

210-507: A combined question and a MENA category, while also collecting additional detail to enable data disaggregation. The OMB states, "many federal programs are put into effect based on the race data obtained from the decennial census (i.e., promoting equal employment opportunities; assessing racial disparities in health and environmental risks). Race data is also critical for the basic research behind many policy decisions. States require this data to meet legislative redistricting requirements. The data

280-519: A locally adopted charter. The county is governed pursuant to the Home Rule Charter of Wayne County, Michigan , and the Wayne County Code is the codification of Wayne County's local ordinances . Unless a violation of the code or other ordinance is specifically designated as a municipal civil infraction (or unless expressly otherwise required by applicable state or federal laws), the violation

350-519: A person's origins considered in the census. Thus, in addition to their race or races, all respondents are categorized by membership in one of two ethnic categories, which are "Hispanic or Latino" and "Not Hispanic or Latino." However, the practice of separating "race" and "ethnicity" as different categories has been criticized both by the American Anthropological Association and members of US Commission on Civil Rights . In 1997,

420-520: A race. Enumerators were instructed that all people born in Mexico, or whose parents were born in Mexico, should be listed as Mexicans, and not under any other racial category. In prior censuses and in 1940, enumerators were instructed to list Mexican Americans as white, perhaps because some of them were of white background (mainly Spanish), many others mixed white and Native American and some of them Native American. The supplemental American Indian questionnaire

490-496: A sizable strip of Wisconsin along Lake Michigan. These boundaries would be adjusted as Indiana and Illinois became states and as other counties were formed within Michigan Territory . According to the U.S. Census Bureau , the county has a total area of 673 square miles (1,740 km ), of which 612 square miles (1,590 km ) is land and 61 square miles (160 km ) (9.0%) is water. Its water area includes parts of

560-616: A social-political construct for the race or races that respondents consider themselves to be and, "generally reflect a social definition of race recognized in this country". The OMB defines the concept of race as outlined for the census to be not "scientific or anthropological", and takes into account "social and cultural characteristics as well as ancestry", using "appropriate scientific methodologies" that are not "primarily biological or genetic in reference." The race categories include both racial and national-origin groups. Race and ethnicity are considered separate and distinct identities, with

630-431: Is a misdemeanor . The county government operates the jail , maintains rural roads, keeps files of deeds and mortgages, maintains vital records for all areas except Detroit, administers public health regulations, and participates with the state in the provision of welfare and other social services. Most other local government functions – police and fire, building and zoning, tax assessment, street maintenance, etc. – are

700-748: Is a decrease of 240,578 people from the 2000 United States Census . Overall, the county had an -11.7% growth rate during this ten-year period. In 2010 there were 702,749 households and 450,651 families in the county. The population density was 2,974.4 per square mile (1,148.4 per square kilometer). There were 821,693 housing units at an average density of 1,342.5 per square mile (518.3 per square kilometer). 52.3% were White , 40.5% Black or African American , 2.5% Asian , 0.4% Native American , 0.8% of some other race and 2.4% of two or more races . 5.2% were Hispanic or Latino (of any race). 7.5% were of German , 6.8% Polish and 5.2% Irish ancestry. There were 702,749 households, out of which 33.1% had children under

770-476: Is adjacent to and occupies a portion of Flint Township. The township is served by the Mass Transportation Authority bus lines. In addition, three major highways— I-75 , I-69 and US 23 —which run through the township intersect one mile (1.6 km) from Bishop Airport. Also, three major rail lines— Canadian National Railway , Lake State Railway , and Huron and Eastern Railway —intersect at

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840-570: Is credited with the idea of putting a painted line down a roadway's center to divide traffic, and other innovations that were later widely adopted. The commission claims credit for constructing the country's first mile of concrete-paved rural highway, a section of Woodward Avenue just outside the Detroit city limits. A number of the county road commissions' works are listed on the National Register of Historic Places . The county road commission

910-530: Is from the Indian subcontinent ) were counted as White. There was a questionnaire that was asked of only a sample of respondents. These questions were as follows: Questions on Spanish or Hispanic Origin or Descent Is this person's origin or descent? Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American Other Spanish No, none of these This year added several options to the race question, including Vietnamese, Indian (East), Guamanian, Samoan, and re-added Aleut. Again,

980-591: Is needed to monitor compliance with the Voting Rights Act by local jurisdictions". Data on ethnic groups are important for putting into effect a number of federal statutes (i.e., enforcing bilingual election rules under the Voting Rights Act and monitoring/enforcing equal employment opportunities under the Civil Rights Act ). Data on ethnic groups is also needed by local governments to run programs and meet legislative requirements (i.e., identifying segments of

1050-517: The Democratic candidate for president in every election from 1932 onward, at times by large margins. From 1896 to 1928, it had always voted Republican for president, or at least more Republican than Democratic. Its large population has helped swing the election to Democrats in many statewide elections since then, with candidates running up large margins here offsetting Republican majorities in most rural counties of Michigan. In fact, between 1944 and 2012,

1120-491: The Detroit - Warren - Dearborn , MI Metropolitan Statistical Area . It is one of several U.S. counties named after Revolutionary War -era general Anthony Wayne . Wayne County was the sixth county in the Northwest Territory , formed August 15, 1796, from portions of territorial Hamilton County , territorial Knox County and unorganized territory. It was named for the U.S. general "Mad Anthony" Wayne . It originally encompassed

1190-522: The Detroit River and Lake St. Clair . Wayne County borders on Oakland County and Macomb County to the north, Washtenaw County to the west, Essex County , Ontario, Canada to the east, and Monroe County to the south. The eastern (and sometimes southern) boundary is a water boundary in the Detroit River and Lake St. Clair with Essex County, Ontario . Automotive traffic crosses this boundary at

1260-529: The Detroit–Windsor Tunnel and the Ambassador Bridge . Due to the southwestern course of the river, this small portion of Canada actually lies to the south of Wayne County. The southern communities of the county are usually referred to as Downriver , in reference to their location downstream of downtown Detroit. Grosse Ile is the largest island in the county and is connected to the mainland by

1330-785: The Secretary of State , directed US Marshals to collect data from all 13 original states, and from the Southwest Territory . The census was not conducted in Vermont until 1791, after that state's admission to the Union as the 14th state on March 4 of that year. Some doubt surrounded the numbers, as President George Washington and Thomas Jefferson maintained the population was undercounted. The potential reasons Washington and Jefferson may have thought this could be refusal to participate, poor public transportation and roads, spread-out population, and restraints of current technology. No microdata from

1400-521: The Township of Grand Blanc was organized which then included Flint Township survey area and many of the other survey township areas of the future Genesee County. The first permanent settlers in the area were Elijah Carmen and his family, who arrived in 1835. Flint Township was organized on March 2, 1836, and included the township areas of Burton , Clayton , Flushing , Mt. Morris , Genesee , Thetford , Vienna and Montrose . Jesse Torrey and his family,

1470-469: The US Constitution and applicable laws. The law required that every household be visited, that completed census schedules be posted in two of the most public places within each jurisdiction, remain for the inspection of all concerned, and that "the aggregate amount of each description of persons" for every district be transmitted to the president . The US Marshals were also responsible for governing

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1540-540: The United States Census Bureau , the township has a total area of 23.6 square miles (61 km), all land. The Township is mostly an L-shape around the southwest side of the City of Flint and split in two along I-69/I-75 interchange south along Bishop Airport to Mundy Township. As of the census of 2000, there were 33,691 people, 13,972 households, and 9,025 families residing in the township. The population density

1610-584: The United States census , the US Census Bureau and the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) define a set of self-identified categories of race and ethnicity chosen by residents, with which they most closely identify. Residents can indicate their origins alongside their race, and are asked specifically whether they are of Hispanic or Latino origin in a separate question. The racial categories represent

1680-777: The Wayne County Bridge and the Grosse Ile Toll Bridge . The highest elevation (990 feet (300 m)) in the county is near Northville , in Maybury State Park . The Wayne County Department of Public Services was formed in 1906 as the Wayne County Road Commission . It was the government agency in Wayne County, Michigan responsible for building and maintaining the county's roads and highways. Its first commissioners were Edward N. Hines , Cassius R. Benton, and automobile manufacturer Henry Ford . While

1750-417: The "Color or Race" question was slightly modified, removing the term "Mulatto". Also, there was an inclusion of an "Indian Population Schedule" in which "enumerators were instructed to use a special expanded questionnaire for American Indians living on reservations or in family groups off of reservations." This expanded version included the question "Fraction of person's lineage that is white." The 1910 census

1820-513: The 1790 population census are available, but aggregate data for small areas and their compatible cartographic boundary files, can be downloaded from the National Historical Geographic Information System . However, the categories of "Free white males" of 16 years and upward, including heads of families under 16 years, "Free white females", including heads of families, All other free persons, and "Slaves," existed in

1890-414: The 2000 and 2010 censuses. The following questions were asked of a sample of respondents for the 1990 census : The 1990 census was not designed to capture multiple racial responses, and when individuals marked the "other" race option and provided a multiple write-in. The response was assigned according to the race written first. "For example, a write-in of 'black-white' was assigned a code of 'black,' while

1960-557: The GM Van Slyke plant and the city's Bishop Airport in the 1970s, the Township put on the ballot an incorporation question that would have made it the City of Grandview Heights. Another item on the ballot was the election of a mayor for the new city. The incorporation question failed, while the then Township Supervisor Tom Mansour won the mayoral election. In August 1970, Genesee Valley Center opened at Miller and Linden Roads. According to

2030-464: The OMB built on the 1997 guidelines and suggested the addition of a Middle Eastern or North African (MENA) racial category and considered combining racial and ethnic categories into one question. In March 2024, the Office of Management and Budget published revisions to Statistical Policy Directive No. 15: Standards for Maintaining, Collecting, and Presenting Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity that included

2100-405: The OMB issued a Federal Register notice regarding revisions to the standards for the classification of federal data on race and ethnicity. The OMB developed race and ethnic standards in order to provide "consistent data on race and ethnicity throughout the federal government ". The development of the data standards stem in large measure from new responsibilities to enforce civil rights laws. Among

2170-579: The Township and the City of Flint was incorporated, thus splitting its area from the Township. The Township was then temporarily known as Garland Township after Burton was split off on October 12, 1855 to February 5, 1856. The unincorporated village of Otterburn was given a station on the Grand Trunk Railroad in 1882 then a Post Office on August 27, 1887. On January 9, 1862, the Crockersville post office

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2240-407: The age of 18 living with them, 37.4% were husband and wife families , 20.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 35.9% were non-families, and 30.7% were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.22. In the county, 25.4% of the population was under the age of 18, 9.7% was from 18 to 24, 25.5% from 25 to 44, 26.8% from 45 to 64, and 12.7%

2310-424: The age of 18 living with them, 45.5% were married couples living together, 14.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.4% were non-families. 30.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 2.94. In the township the population was spread out, with 24.4% under

2380-464: The age of 18, 8.6% from 18 to 24, 28.0% from 25 to 44, 22.9% from 45 to 64, and 16.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.2 males. The median income for a household in the township was $ 39,718, and the median income for a family was $ 48,763. Males had a median income of $ 41,449 versus $ 26,933 for females. The per capita income for

2450-418: The census form. In 1800 and 1810, the age question regarding free white males was more detailed with five cohorts and included All other free persons, except "Indians not taxed", and "Slaves". The 1820 census built on the questions asked in 1810 by asking age questions about slaves. Also the term "colored" entered the census nomenclature. In addition, a question stating "Number of foreigners not naturalized"

2520-418: The census. About one-third of the original census data has been lost or destroyed since documentation. The data was lost in 1790–1830, and included data from Connecticut , Delaware , Georgia , Maine , Maryland , Massachusetts , New Hampshire , New Jersey , New York , North Carolina , Pennsylvania , Rhode Island , South Carolina , Vermont , and Virginia . However, the census was proven factual and

2590-483: The changes, The OMB issued the instruction to "mark one or more races" after noting evidence of increasing numbers of mixed-race children and wanting to record diversity in a measurable way after having received requests by people who wanted to be able to acknowledge theirs and their children's full ancestry, rather than identifying with only one group. Prior to this decision, the census and other government data collections asked people to report singular races. As of 2023,

2660-414: The commission was authorized by an 80% positive vote of county voters in a 1906 referendum, it was controversial and there was a Michigan state supreme court case pressed which found it unconstitutional. Commissioners Benton and Ford quit, but commissioner Hines persisted and led the commission through reorganization getting around the obstacles. Hines was a commissioner continuously from 1906 to 1938. Hines

2730-713: The county had the largest margin of victory for the Democratic candidate in Michigan in every presidential election except for 1976 and 1984, both times coming in second place to Gogebic County in the Upper Peninsula by less than 1.5%. More recently, however, the margin of victory for the Democrats has started to shrink. Beginning in 2016, neighboring Washtenaw County , home of the University of Michigan , has surpassed Wayne County as

2800-898: The county was $ 20,948. About 18.6% of families and 23.7% of the population were below the poverty line , including 34.8% of those under the age 18 and 11.7% of that age 65 or over. According to 2010 statistics, the largest religious group in Wayne County was the Archdiocese of Detroit , with 297,283 Catholics worshipping at 149 parishes, followed by 92,394 non-denominational adherents with 144 congregations, 76,422 NBC Baptists with 110 congregations, an estimated 67,775 Muslims with 38 congregations, 28,021 ABCUSA Baptists with 32 congregations, 22,687 Missouri Synod Lutherans with 52 congregations, 16,043 CoGiC Pentecostals with 66 congregations, 14,689 UMC Methodists with 53 congregations, 14,107 PC-USA Presbyterians with 36 congregations, and 13,199 AME Methodists with 29 congregations. Altogether, 43.3% of

2870-630: The decision and make sure the federal government treated Hispanics as white. The State Department, the Census Bureau, the Labor Department, and other government agencies therefore made sure to uniformly classify people of Mexican descent as white. This policy encouraged the League of United Latin American Citizens in its quest to minimize discrimination by asserting their whiteness. The 1940 census

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2940-536: The design of the population questionnaire. Residents were still listed individually, but a new questionnaire sheet was used for each family. Additionally, this was the first year that the census distinguished among different Asian ethnic groups, such as Japanese and Chinese , due to increased immigration. This census also marked the beginning of the term "race" in the questionnaires. Enumerators were instructed to write "White", "Black", "Mulatto", " Quadroon ", "Octoroon", "Chinese", "Japanese", or " Indian ". During 1900,

3010-541: The entire area of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan , most of the Upper Peninsula , as well as smaller sections that are now part of northern Ohio , Indiana , Illinois and Wisconsin . By proclamation of the Territorial Secretary and Acting Governor, Winthrop Sargent , on August 15, 1796, the boundaries of Wayne County were declared to begin at the mouth of the Cuyahoga River then west to Fort Wayne , then to

3080-456: The existence of most of this data can be confirmed in many secondary sources pertaining to the first census. Census data included the name of the head of the family and categorized inhabitants as: free white males at least 16 years of age (to assess the country's industrial and military potential), free white males under 16 years of age, free white females, all other free persons (reported by sex and color), and slaves . Thomas Jefferson , then

3150-558: The first schoolhouse was built in Flint Township in Section 23 on the bank of Swartz Creek. As many as ten school districts were created. within the township, On April 19, 1839, Kearsley Township was split off from Flint Township until March 7, 1843 when it was merged back into Flint Township. The Crockersville post office under its name sake postmaster George Crocker on August 21, 1843. In 1855, Burton Township on October 12 separated from

3220-480: The free inhabitants schedule about color was a column that was to be left blank if a person were white, marked "B" if a person were black, and marked "M" if a person were mulatto . Slaves were listed by owner, and classified by gender and age, not individually, and the question about color was a column that was to be marked with a "B" if the slave were black and an "M" if mulatto. For 1890, the Census Office changed

3290-416: The most Democratic county in Michigan; and in 2024, Ingham County , home of Michigan State University , also voted more Democratic than Wayne County. In 2020, Donald Trump became the first Republican since 1988 to crack 30% of the vote in the county. The 2024 election saw an even bigger shift, with Trump taking more than one-third of the county's vote, and Kamala Harris turning in the worst performance for

3360-504: The plan. Area residents were fearful that the New Flint would take the Otterburn plant into its borders. While New Flint proponents indicated that would not be the case, Swartz Creek area residents campaigned against New Flint while moving to incorporate the area. The Township lost the Otterburn area to the City of Swartz Creek upon its incorporation in 1959. After the City of Flint annexed

3430-513: The population was claimed as members by religious congregations, although members of historically African-American denominations were underrepresented due to incomplete information. In 2014, Wayne County had 780 religious organizations, the 12th most among all US counties. Wayne County is Michigan's first " charter county ", with a home rule charter setting up its structures within limits set in state law and constitution. Most Michigan county governments are structured according to state law, without

3500-652: The population who may not be receiving medical services under the Public Health Service Act ; evaluating whether financial institutions are meeting the credit needs of minority populations under the Community Reinvestment Act ). The 1790 United States census was the first census in the history of the United States. The population of the United States was recorded as 3,929,214 as of Census Day, August 2, 1790, as mandated by Article I, Section 2 of

3570-459: The present state of Michigan in addition to parts of Indiana, Ohio, and Wisconsin, so that the townships erected at that time were vastly larger than the corresponding divisions of the present time. On January 14, 1803, the Governor of Indiana Territory , William Henry Harrison , issued a similar proclamation defining the boundaries as beginning at a point where an east and west line passing through

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3640-451: The race of interracial persons. A person with both white and black ancestry (termed "blood") was to be recorded as "Negro", no matter the fraction of that lineage (the " one-drop rule "). A person of mixed black and American Indian ancestry was also to be recorded as "Neg" (for "Negro") unless they were considered to be "predominantly" American Indian and accepted as such within the community. A person with both white and American Indian ancestry

3710-507: The racial question, and also removed Hindu and Korean from the race choices. The 1960 census re-added the word "color" to the racial question, and changed "Indian" to "American Indian", as well as adding Hawaiian, Part-Hawaiian, Aleut, and Eskimo. The "Other (print out race)" option was removed. This year's census included "Negro or Black", re-added Korean and the Other race option. East Indians (the term used at that time for people whose ancestry

3780-918: The responsibility of individual cities and townships. (information as of February 2021) Formerly the Wayne County Road Commission, the Department of Public Services is the government agency in Wayne County responsible for building and maintaining the county's roads and highways. A number of the former agency's works are listed on the National Register of Historic Places . The Wayne County Jail Division operates The Andrew C. Baird Detention Facility in Downtown Detroit , The Old Wayne County Jail in Downtown Detroit, and The William Dickerson Detention Facility in Hamtramck . Wayne County has backed

3850-565: The second settlers, move to section 24 starting the Torrey Settlement in 1836. That same year, William N. Stanard founded the Stanard Settlement on section 35. On March 11, 1837, Vienna Township was organized to include the future townships of Montrose and Thetford. James W. Cronk in 1837 settled on sections 7 and 8 lending his name to the settlement there. Genesee and Flushing Townships where split off on March 6, 1838. In 1838

3920-440: The southernmost extreme of Lake Michigan would intersect a north and south line, passing through the westernmost extreme of the lake, then north to the territorial boundary, then along said boundary line to a point where an east and west line passing through the southerly extreme of Lake Michigan would intersect the same, then along this last mentioned line to the place of beginning. This boundary would include Chicago , Illinois, and

3990-506: The southernmost point of Lake Michigan and along the western shore north to the territorial boundary in Lake Superior and then along the territorial boundary through Lake Huron , Lake St. Clair , and Lake Erie back to the starting point. The first division of the county into townships occurred November 1, 1798, into the four townships of Detroit , Hamtramck , Mackinaw , and Sargent. The extent of Wayne county at that time included all

4060-427: The term "color" was removed from the racial question, and the following questions were asked of a sample of respondents: Questions on Spanish or Hispanic Origin or Descent Is this person of Spanish/Hispanic origin or descent? No, not Spanish/Hispanic Yes, Mexican, Mexican American, Chicano Yes, Puerto Rican Yes, Cuban Yes, other Spanish/Hispanic The racial categories in this year are as they appear in

4130-430: The township was $ 22,216. About 7.8% of families and 10.4% of the population were below the poverty line , including 15.4% of those under age 18 and 6.5% of those age 65 or over. The governmental unit responsible for most K-12 education in the township is Carman-Ainsworth Community Schools , with Swartz Creek Community Schools and Flushing Community Schools serving parts of the township. Bishop International Airport

4200-405: The township's northern border. Wayne County, Michigan Wayne County is the most populous county in the U.S. state of Michigan . As of 2020, the United States census placed its population at 1,793,561, making it the 19th-most populous county in the United States. The county seat is Detroit . The county was founded in 1796 and organized in 1815. Wayne County is included in

4270-484: Was 1,425.5 inhabitants per square mile (550.4/km). There were 14,864 housing units at an average density of 628.9 per square mile (242.8/km). The racial makeup of the township was 77.77% White , 16.12% African American , 0.61% Native American , 2.20% Asian , 0.02% Pacific Islander , 0.75% from other races , and 2.55% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.33% of the population. There were 13,972 households, out of which 30.4% had children under

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4340-434: Was 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.7 males. The 2010 American Community Survey 1-year estimate indicates the median income for a household in the county was $ 39,408 and the median income for a family was $ 49,176. Males had a median income of $ 26,823 versus $ 17,744 for females. The per capita income for

4410-443: Was back, but in abbreviated form. It featured a question asking if the person was of full or mixed American Indian ancestry. President Franklin D. Roosevelt promoted a Good Neighbor policy that sought better relations with Mexico. In 1935, a federal judge ruled that three Mexican immigrants were ineligible for citizenship because they were not white, as required by federal law. Mexico protested, and Roosevelt decided to circumvent

4480-414: Was closed down. In 1950s, GM executive started a "New Flint" regional/metropolitan government plan to incorporate the metropolitan area into Flint. In 1953, the Township began incorporation discussions as the City of Westhaven, but that possibility was later defeated. The metro government proposal was released in 1957 and petition began circulating the next year. Township supervisor John R. Dickenson condemn

4550-423: Was included. In the 1830 census, a new question, which stated, "The number of White persons who were foreigners not naturalized" was included. The 1850 census had a dramatic shift in the way information about residents was collected. For the first time, free persons were listed individually instead of by head of household. Two questionnaires were used - one for free inhabitants and one for slaves. The question on

4620-580: Was merged into the general county government, becoming the Roads Division of the Department of Public Services. Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race. The 2010 United States Census indicates Wayne County had a 2010 population of 1,820,584. This

4690-421: Was similar to 1910, but excluded a separate schedule for American Indians. "Hin", "Kor", and "Fil" were also added to the "Color or Race" question, signifying Hindu (Asian Indian), Korean, and Filipino, respectively. The biggest change in this census was in racial classification. Enumerators were instructed to no longer use the "Mulatto" classification. Instead, they were given special instructions for reporting

4760-527: Was similar to that of 1900, but it included a reinsertion of "Mulatto" and a question about the "mother tongue" of foreign-born individuals and individuals with foreign-born parents. "Ot" was also added to signify "other races", with space for a race to be written in. This decade's version of the Indian Population Schedule featured questions asking the individual's proportion of white, black, or American Indian lineage. The 1920 census questionnaire

4830-415: Was the first to include separate population and housing questionnaires. The race category of "Mexican" was eliminated in 1940, and the population of Mexican descent was counted with the white population. 1940 census data was used for Japanese American internment . The Census Bureau's role was denied for decades, but was finally proven in 2007. The 1950 census questionnaire removed the word "color" from

4900-410: Was to be recorded as American Indian, unless their Indigenous ancestry was small, and they were accepted as white within the community. In all situations in which a person had white and some other racial ancestry, they were to be reported as that other race. People who had minority interracial ancestry were to be reported as the race of their father. For the first and only time, "Mexican" was listed as

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