68-712: Festember is a cultural festival organised at National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli (NITT). It is a 4-day event held annually in the third week of September. It was first incepted in 1975 by then students of NITT, and has now evolved to be one of the largest cultural festivals organised by a student community in Southern India. With humble beginnings as a fest with zero rupee budget allocation, it grew rapidly with sponsorships and collaborations. It now boasts an annual participation of more than 15,000 students from over 500 collegiate student communities across India. Festember began in 1975 as an intra-college fest. Within
136-526: A brand new online entertainment series - Cadenza, to add to the Guest Lectures. The series that welcomes the most sought-after virtuosos from around the world, was inaugurated with a soul-stirring performance by Shakthisree Gopalan (popular vocalist, songwriter and performer). The impressive line-up of Cadenza’s very first edition included Varun Sunil (founder and percussionist of the popular band Masala Coffee ), Sanjeeta Bhattacharya (singer-songwriter,
204-610: A charitable initiative to feed the hungry and to reduce food wastage. The second edition of Vox Populi was honoured by Rathika Ramasamy , the first woman to strike an international reputation as a wildlife photographer and also the only woman to be chosen as one of the Top 20 best photographers of India by “The Birds of India.” The third virtual edition of Vox Populi had the honour of hosting Sanjay Pinto , An advocate, columnist, author of three books and former resident editor of NDTV 24×7 . The pandemic-induced lockdown had Festember ’20 whip up
272-526: A faster pace. It is characterised by greater use of prepositions, and word order that is closer to modern Romance languages, for example, while grammatically retaining more or less the same formal rules as Classical Latin. Ultimately, Latin diverged into a distinct written form, where the commonly spoken form was perceived as a separate language, for instance early French or Italian dialects, that could be transcribed differently. It took some time for these to be viewed as wholly different from Latin however. After
340-718: A few in German , Dutch , Norwegian , Danish and Swedish . Latin is still spoken in Vatican City, a city-state situated in Rome that is the seat of the Catholic Church . The works of several hundred ancient authors who wrote in Latin have survived in whole or in part, in substantial works or in fragments to be analyzed in philology . They are in part the subject matter of the field of classics . Their works were published in manuscript form before
408-592: A few years, it transformed into a fully-fledged inter-college event. Almost 40 years later, it continues to dominate the south Indian college cultural scene, winning the title of Best Cultural Event of the Year, an award given by the Tamil Nadu State Government, in the year 2005. Since the first Festember in 1975, participating colleges compete to win possession of the Festember Rolling Trophy (called
476-404: A few. Famous and well regarded writers included Petrarch, Erasmus, Salutati , Celtis , George Buchanan and Thomas More . Non fiction works were long produced in many subjects, including the sciences, law, philosophy, historiography and theology. Famous examples include Isaac Newton 's Principia . Latin was also used as a convenient medium for translations of important works first written in
544-633: A graduate of the Berklee College of Music ), Joey Delvaro aka "The Dutch Cookie" (DJ/producer, graduate from the Dutch Pop Academy in Utrecht, Netherlands), Maalavika Sundar (Carnatic singer and leading playback vocalist), Harini “Rini” Raghavan (New York-based, Chennai-born singer, graduated from Berklee College of Music) and L. V. Revanth (a leading playback singer in South India). Festember’20 marked
612-824: A myriad of themes since its inception in 1975. The organizers have gone to great lengths to express and showcase the theme through ambience and theme-specific events. Mascots each year have also been designed and adapted to communicate the theme. Ganesh Venkatraman , Ehsaan Noorani , Haricharan , Nikhita Gandhi , Jaaved Jaaferi , Harun Robert Ashwin Sanghi , Nithya Menen , Aruna Sairam , Karthik , Karan Arjun Singh, Shakthisree Gopalan Jonty Rhodes , Baradwaj Rangan , Michael Karp Mahesh Dattani , Suresh Triveni, S. Sowmya , Pratap Pothen , Sean D’Mello (Pages) Harish Iyer , Anita Ratnam , Unni Krishnan Parthiv Shah, Ananda Shankar Jayant , Kaneez Surka, Alicia Souza, Anu Sridharan Over
680-548: A native language, Medieval Latin was used across Western and Catholic Europe during the Middle Ages as a working and literary language from the 9th century to the Renaissance , which then developed a classicizing form, called Renaissance Latin . This was the basis for Neo-Latin which evolved during the early modern period . In these periods Latin was used productively and generally taught to be written and spoken, at least until
748-585: A newly constructed open-air theatre, named the Golden Jubilee Convention Hall (GJCH), with a capacity of more than 5,000 people. Festember '15 introduced the Indie stage for the first time, while Festember 16' saw a new addition in the name of Culture Gully where a couple of informal events were held. In 2017, the official Festember Blog was launched on Medium , serving as a gateway for the creative outlet that Festember strives for. Festember has explored
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#1733094332437816-618: A notch further with a total of seven guest lectures for the first time since its inception. This year, Festember had the honour of hosting the likes of Ashwin Sanghi (renowned novelist, also known as 'The Dan Brown of India'), Aruna Sairam (acclaimed Indian classical vocalist and Padma Shree Awardee, also known as the music ambassador of India), P. Vasu (Indian director, writer and actor), Karthik (Indian playback singer who has sung popular songs in multiple languages ), and Karan Arjun Singh (acclaimed foley artist who has worked for films like Baahubali , Rangoon and many more). One of
884-649: A number of competitions are held for students. Fests are usually funded through sponsors, although some colleges have begun exploring the idea of crowdfunding . Most college culfests last between two and five days. The events in a culfest can be broadly classified into four sections: Literary events usually include quizzes , word games , creative writing and some form of public speaking or debate . These include such competitions as music , dance , fine arts and drama . One or more professionally staged entertainment programs may be scheduled. Video games and board games may be played. This article about
952-551: A result, the list has variants, as well as alternative names. In addition to the historical phases, Ecclesiastical Latin refers to the styles used by the writers of the Roman Catholic Church from late antiquity onward, as well as by Protestant scholars. The earliest known form of Latin is Old Latin, also called Archaic or Early Latin, which was spoken from the Roman Kingdom , traditionally founded in 753 BC, through
1020-407: A separate language, existing more or less in parallel with the literary or educated Latin, but this is now widely dismissed. The term 'Vulgar Latin' remains difficult to define, referring both to informal speech at any time within the history of Latin, and the kind of informal Latin that had begun to move away from the written language significantly in the post-Imperial period, that led ultimately to
1088-695: A small number of Latin services held in the Anglican church. These include an annual service in Oxford, delivered with a Latin sermon; a relic from the period when Latin was the normal spoken language of the university. In the Western world, many organizations, governments and schools use Latin for their mottos due to its association with formality, tradition, and the roots of Western culture . Canada's motto A mari usque ad mare ("from sea to sea") and most provincial mottos are also in Latin. The Canadian Victoria Cross
1156-429: A sort of informal language academy dedicated to maintaining and perpetuating educated speech. Philological analysis of Archaic Latin works, such as those of Plautus , which contain fragments of everyday speech, gives evidence of an informal register of the language, Vulgar Latin (termed sermo vulgi , "the speech of the masses", by Cicero ). Some linguists, particularly in the nineteenth century, believed this to be
1224-565: A spoken and written language by the scholarship by the Renaissance humanists . Petrarch and others began to change their usage of Latin as they explored the texts of the Classical Latin world. Skills of textual criticism evolved to create much more accurate versions of extant texts through the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, and some important texts were rediscovered. Comprehensive versions of authors' works were published by Isaac Casaubon , Joseph Scaliger and others. Nevertheless, despite
1292-432: A strictly left-to-right script. During the late republic and into the first years of the empire, from about 75 BC to AD 200, a new Classical Latin arose, a conscious creation of the orators, poets, historians and other literate men, who wrote the great works of classical literature , which were taught in grammar and rhetoric schools. Today's instructional grammars trace their roots to such schools , which served as
1360-431: A total of five guest lectures. Festember had the honour of hosting the likes of Naresh Iyer (acclaimed Indian vocalist and a National awardee ), Anu Hasan (a renowned entrepreneur, TV host, author and so much more), Sagarika Ghose (an Indian journalist, news anchor, author and columnist who has worked at The Times, Outlook and The Indian Express), Vijay Amirtraj (former tennis player and Padmashree Awardee). One of
1428-689: A vernacular, such as those of Descartes . Latin education underwent a process of reform to classicise written and spoken Latin. Schooling remained largely Latin medium until approximately 1700. Until the end of the 17th century, the majority of books and almost all diplomatic documents were written in Latin. Afterwards, most diplomatic documents were written in French (a Romance language ) and later native or other languages. Education methods gradually shifted towards written Latin, and eventually concentrating solely on reading skills. The decline of Latin education took several centuries and proceeded much more slowly than
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#17330943324371496-411: Is Veritas ("truth"). Veritas was the goddess of truth, a daughter of Saturn, and the mother of Virtue. Switzerland has adopted the country's Latin short name Helvetia on coins and stamps, since there is no room to use all of the nation's four official languages . For a similar reason, it adopted the international vehicle and internet code CH , which stands for Confoederatio Helvetica ,
1564-857: Is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages . Latin was originally spoken by the Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio ), the lower Tiber area around Rome , Italy. Through the expansion of the Roman Republic it became the dominant language in the Italian Peninsula and subsequently throughout the Roman Empire . By the late Roman Republic , Old Latin had evolved into standardized Classical Latin . Vulgar Latin refers to
1632-626: Is a reversal of the original phrase Non terrae plus ultra ("No land further beyond", "No further!"). According to legend , this phrase was inscribed as a warning on the Pillars of Hercules , the rocks on both sides of the Strait of Gibraltar and the western end of the known, Mediterranean world. Charles adopted the motto following the discovery of the New World by Columbus, and it also has metaphorical suggestions of taking risks and striving for excellence. In
1700-548: Is found in any widespread language, the languages of Spain, France, Portugal, and Italy have retained a remarkable unity in phonological forms and developments, bolstered by the stabilising influence of their common Christian (Roman Catholic) culture. It was not until the Muslim conquest of Spain in 711, cutting off communications between the major Romance regions, that the languages began to diverge seriously. The spoken Latin that would later become Romanian diverged somewhat more from
1768-661: Is modelled after the British Victoria Cross which has the inscription "For Valour". Because Canada is officially bilingual, the Canadian medal has replaced the English inscription with the Latin Pro Valore . Spain's motto Plus ultra , meaning "even further", or figuratively "Further!", is also Latin in origin. It is taken from the personal motto of Charles V , Holy Roman Emperor and King of Spain (as Charles I), and
1836-958: Is taught at many high schools, especially in Europe and the Americas. It is most common in British public schools and grammar schools, the Italian liceo classico and liceo scientifico , the German Humanistisches Gymnasium and the Dutch gymnasium . Occasionally, some media outlets, targeting enthusiasts, broadcast in Latin. Notable examples include Radio Bremen in Germany, YLE radio in Finland (the Nuntii Latini broadcast from 1989 until it
1904-531: The Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum (CIL). Authors and publishers vary, but the format is about the same: volumes detailing inscriptions with a critical apparatus stating the provenance and relevant information. The reading and interpretation of these inscriptions is the subject matter of the field of epigraphy . About 270,000 inscriptions are known. The Latin influence in English has been significant at all stages of its insular development. In
1972-478: The Ilayaraja Trophy ). Several celebrities and dignitaries have graced the festival, including Illaiyaraja , Javed Ali , Naresh Iyer , Anuradha Sriram and Ganesh and Kumaresh amongst others. 'Festember', a term coined by one of the then REC-T students, stands for a "Fest to Remember". It started as a zero budget fest, in a little town called Thuvakudi, and every department of the college pitched in within
2040-562: The Holy See , the primary language of its public journal , the Acta Apostolicae Sedis , and the working language of the Roman Rota . Vatican City is also home to the world's only automatic teller machine that gives instructions in Latin. In the pontifical universities postgraduate courses of Canon law are taught in Latin, and papers are written in the same language. There are
2108-561: The Middle Ages , borrowing from Latin occurred from ecclesiastical usage established by Saint Augustine of Canterbury in the 6th century or indirectly after the Norman Conquest , through the Anglo-Norman language . From the 16th to the 18th centuries, English writers cobbled together huge numbers of new words from Latin and Greek words, dubbed " inkhorn terms ", as if they had spilled from a pot of ink. Many of these words were used once by
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2176-559: The Roman Rite of the Catholic Church at the Vatican City . The church continues to adapt concepts from modern languages to Ecclesiastical Latin of the Latin language. Contemporary Latin is more often studied to be read rather than spoken or actively used. Latin has greatly influenced the English language , along with a large number of others, and historically contributed many words to
2244-553: The Romance languages . During the Classical period, informal language was rarely written, so philologists have been left with only individual words and phrases cited by classical authors, inscriptions such as Curse tablets and those found as graffiti . In the Late Latin period, language changes reflecting spoken (non-classical) norms tend to be found in greater quantities in texts. As it
2312-622: The Western Roman Empire fell in 476 and Germanic kingdoms took its place, the Germanic people adopted Latin as a language more suitable for legal and other, more formal uses. While the written form of Latin was increasingly standardized into a fixed form, the spoken forms began to diverge more greatly. Currently, the five most widely spoken Romance languages by number of native speakers are Spanish , Portuguese , French , Italian , and Romanian . Despite dialectal variation, which
2380-617: The British Crown. The motto is featured on all presently minted coinage and has been featured in most coinage throughout the nation's history. Several states of the United States have Latin mottos , such as: Many military organizations today have Latin mottos, such as: Some law governing bodies in the Philippines have Latin mottos, such as: Some colleges and universities have adopted Latin mottos, for example Harvard University 's motto
2448-599: The English lexicon , particularly after the Christianization of the Anglo-Saxons and the Norman Conquest . Latin and Ancient Greek roots are heavily used in English vocabulary in theology , the sciences , medicine , and law . A number of phases of the language have been recognized, each distinguished by subtle differences in vocabulary, usage, spelling, and syntax. There are no hard and fast rules of classification; different scholars emphasize different features. As
2516-580: The Grinch Stole Christmas! , The Cat in the Hat , and a book of fairy tales, " fabulae mirabiles ", are intended to garner popular interest in the language. Additional resources include phrasebooks and resources for rendering everyday phrases and concepts into Latin, such as Meissner's Latin Phrasebook . Some inscriptions have been published in an internationally agreed, monumental, multivolume series,
2584-403: The Latin phrase for 'the voice of the people'), which aims to bring down the unknown heroes of our country and give them a platform to make sure their awe-inspiring stories don't go unheard. Their exceptional tales are sure to leave a mark and motivate one and all to strive to make an impression. The first edition of this series was initiated by Mrs Sneha Mohandoss, the founder of Food Bank-India,
2652-461: The United States the unofficial national motto until 1956 was E pluribus unum meaning "Out of many, one". The motto continues to be featured on the Great Seal . It also appears on the flags and seals of both houses of congress and the flags of the states of Michigan, North Dakota, New York, and Wisconsin. The motto's 13 letters symbolically represent the original Thirteen Colonies which revolted from
2720-552: The University of Kentucky, the University of Oxford and also Princeton University. There are many websites and forums maintained in Latin by enthusiasts. The Latin Misplaced Pages has more than 130,000 articles. Italian , French , Portuguese , Spanish , Romanian , Catalan , Romansh , Sardinian and other Romance languages are direct descendants of Latin. There are also many Latin borrowings in English and Albanian , as well as
2788-662: The area of their expertise. For the first editions, design and ambience were overseen by the Architecture Department. The shields and medals were forged in the workshops of the Mechanical Engineering department. The college that gets the most points across several events wins the Festember Rolling Trophy. The Rolling Trophy was originally named the " Ilayaraja Trophy" after the maestro himself performed at Festember in 1978. The Festember' X Rolling Trophy
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2856-425: The benefit of those who do not understand Latin. There are also songs written with Latin lyrics . The libretto for the opera-oratorio Oedipus rex by Igor Stravinsky is in Latin. Parts of Carl Orff 's Carmina Burana are written in Latin. Enya has recorded several tracks with Latin lyrics. The continued instruction of Latin is seen by some as a highly valuable component of a liberal arts education. Latin
2924-540: The biggest crowd attractions was the Guest Lecture by Nithya Menen (eminent Indian film actress and playback singer). The valediction ceremony of Festember 2018 witnessed a Guest Lecture by the chief guest, Shakthisree Gopalan (Indian vocalist and songwriter, who has collaborated with major stalwarts in the music industry, including A.R. Rahman, and Anirudh Ravichander ). In 2019, Festember witnessed an accomplished and assorted line up of speakers under Carpe Diem with
2992-409: The careful work of Petrarch, Politian and others, first the demand for manuscripts, and then the rush to bring works into print, led to the circulation of inaccurate copies for several centuries following. Neo-Latin literature was extensive and prolific, but less well known or understood today. Works covered poetry, prose stories and early novels, occasional pieces and collections of letters, to name
3060-415: The classicised Latin that followed through to the present are often grouped together as Neo-Latin , or New Latin, which have in recent decades become a focus of renewed study , given their importance for the development of European culture, religion and science. The vast majority of written Latin belongs to this period, but its full extent is unknown. The Renaissance reinforced the position of Latin as
3128-461: The country's full Latin name. Some film and television in ancient settings, such as Sebastiane , The Passion of the Christ and Barbarians (2020 TV series) , have been made with dialogue in Latin. Occasionally, Latin dialogue is used because of its association with religion or philosophy, in such film/television series as The Exorcist and Lost (" Jughead "). Subtitles are usually shown for
3196-503: The culture of India is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article related to an Indian festival or holiday is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This Indian university, college or other educational institution-related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Latin Latin ( lingua Latina , pronounced [ˈlɪŋɡʷa ɫaˈtiːna] , or Latinum [ɫaˈtiːnʊ̃] )
3264-493: The decline in written Latin output. Despite having no native speakers, Latin is still used for a variety of purposes in the contemporary world. The largest organisation that retains Latin in official and quasi-official contexts is the Catholic Church . The Catholic Church required that Mass be carried out in Latin until the Second Vatican Council of 1962–1965 , which permitted the use of the vernacular . Latin remains
3332-570: The educated and official world, Latin continued without its natural spoken base. Moreover, this Latin spread into lands that had never spoken Latin, such as the Germanic and Slavic nations. It became useful for international communication between the member states of the Holy Roman Empire and its allies. Without the institutions of the Roman Empire that had supported its uniformity, Medieval Latin
3400-477: The hype and delivered on it every weekend throughout the series by hosting the likes of Jaaved Jaaferi (Veteran Bollywood actor and comedian), Sanjana Ganesan ( Miss India finalist and sports reporter who hosted the 2019 Cricket World Cup), DJ Shaan (popular DJ, dubbing artist, talent show host and singer-songwriter), Nikhita Gandhi (leading Bollywood playback singer and songwriter), Haricharan (a much sought-after playback singer and vocalist), Ehsaan Noorani of
3468-492: The inception of yet another interview series - Ad Meliora (derived from the Latin phrase meaning “towards better things”). The series hosts an eclectic mix of gifted personalities from around the world and gives its audience an opportunity to hear firsthand about their aspirations, inspirations and life experiences. Ad Meliora kickstarted its first edition with an interview of Harun Robert a.k.a Rob, known best for his tremendously popular craft show M.A.D on POGO. Festember kept up
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#17330943324373536-679: The invention of printing and are now published in carefully annotated printed editions, such as the Loeb Classical Library , published by Harvard University Press , or the Oxford Classical Texts , published by Oxford University Press . Latin translations of modern literature such as: The Hobbit , Treasure Island , Robinson Crusoe , Paddington Bear , Winnie the Pooh , The Adventures of Tintin , Asterix , Harry Potter , Le Petit Prince , Max and Moritz , How
3604-675: The language of the Roman Rite . The Tridentine Mass (also known as the Extraordinary Form or Traditional Latin Mass) is celebrated in Latin. Although the Mass of Paul VI (also known as the Ordinary Form or the Novus Ordo) is usually celebrated in the local vernacular language, it can be and often is said in Latin, in part or in whole, especially at multilingual gatherings. It is the official language of
3672-440: The large areas where it had come to be natively spoken. However, even after the fall of Western Rome , Latin remained the common language of international communication , science, scholarship and academia in Europe until well into the early 19th century, by which time modern languages had supplanted it in common academic and political usage. Late Latin is the literary language from the 3rd century AD onward. No longer spoken as
3740-462: The late seventeenth century, when spoken skills began to erode. It then became increasingly taught only to be read. Latin grammar is highly fusional , with classes of inflections for case , number , person , gender , tense , mood , voice , and aspect . The Latin alphabet is directly derived from the Etruscan and Greek alphabets . Latin remains the official language of the Holy See and
3808-431: The later part of the Roman Republic , up to 75 BC, i.e. before the age of Classical Latin . It is attested both in inscriptions and in some of the earliest extant Latin literary works, such as the comedies of Plautus and Terence . The Latin alphabet was devised from the Etruscan alphabet . The writing later changed from what was initially either a right-to-left or a boustrophedon script to what ultimately became
3876-421: The less prestigious colloquial registers , attested in inscriptions and some literary works such as those of the comic playwrights Plautus and Terence and the author Petronius . While often called a "dead language", Latin did not undergo language death . By the 6th to 9th centuries, natural language change eventually resulted in Latin as a vernacular language evolving into distinct Romance languages in
3944-501: The main highlights was the guest lecture by Nathan Schroeder (a renowned concept artist, and the mastermind behind the illustrations of Hollywood's greatest blockbusters, including Captain America: Civil War , Jurassic World , X-Men and The Avengers ). Festember ’20 raised the bar of Carpe Diem, as Festember hosted the most sought-after personalities in this virtual edition, including Álex Rodrigo (Creator and writer, known for
4012-462: The other varieties, as it was largely separated from the unifying influences in the western part of the Empire. Spoken Latin began to diverge into distinct languages by the 9th century at the latest, when the earliest extant Romance writings begin to appear. They were, throughout the period, confined to everyday speech, as Medieval Latin was used for writing. For many Italians using Latin, though, there
4080-459: The past few years, Festember has served a huge number of disquisitions to the populace. The guest lectures portion of the festival was incorporated with an intent to ignite and inspire the audience. Furthermore, it acts as a pedestal for the distinguished to propagate their valued experiences. 'Carpe Diem' (derived from the Latin phrase for 'seize the day'), the primary guest lecture series of Festember,
4148-451: The popular Netflix series Money Heist )), Shweta Mohan (leading playback singer of South Indian cinema), Viswanathan Anand (Indian chess grandmaster and former world chess champion), Cathy Cassidy (English author of young adult fiction), Christopher C Doyle (an Indian fantasy and mythology author), Julio Macat (Argentine-American cinematographer). Festember 2018 saw the blossoming of a new Guest Lecture series, Vox Populi (derived from
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#17330943324374216-451: The popular musical trio Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy (a veteran music composer and guitarist) and Ganesh Venkatraman (model, actor and reality TV star) Culfest In India, a cultural festival , cultfest , culfest or college fest is an annual cultural event at a college or university organised by the student community, involving participants from other colleges as well. Professional performing artists are also typically invited, and
4284-413: Was free to develop on its own, there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically. On the contrary, Romanised European populations developed their own dialects of the language, which eventually led to the differentiation of Romance languages . Late Latin is a kind of written Latin used in the 3rd to 6th centuries. This began to diverge from Classical forms at
4352-779: Was introduced in 2014 with the aim of bringing down some of the most inspiring, talented and accomplished individuals from around the world, to get to know them on a personal level and draw motivation and encouragement from their journey to success. Carpe Diem has hosted various eminent personalities in the past, including Jonty Rhodes (former South African cricketer), Sid Sriram (Indian-American music producer, playback singer, and songwriter), Mahesh Dattani ( Sahitya Akademi Award -winning Indian director, actor, playwright and writer), Kaneez Surka (stand-up comic), Baradwaj Rangan (renowned film critic, former deputy editor of The Hindu), Prashant Bhushan (Indian lawyer, activist and politician) and many more. In 2018, Carpe Diem stepped up its game
4420-496: Was much more liberal in its linguistic cohesion: for example, in classical Latin sum and eram are used as auxiliary verbs in the perfect and pluperfect passive, which are compound tenses. Medieval Latin might use fui and fueram instead. Furthermore, the meanings of many words were changed and new words were introduced, often under influence from the vernacular. Identifiable individual styles of classically incorrect Latin prevail. Renaissance Latin, 1300 to 1500, and
4488-441: Was no complete separation between Italian and Latin, even into the beginning of the Renaissance . Petrarch for example saw Latin as a literary version of the spoken language. Medieval Latin is the written Latin in use during that portion of the post-classical period when no corresponding Latin vernacular existed, that is from around 700 to 1500 AD. The spoken language had developed into the various Romance languages; however, in
4556-478: Was shut down in June 2019), and Vatican Radio & Television, all of which broadcast news segments and other material in Latin. A variety of organisations, as well as informal Latin 'circuli' ('circles'), have been founded in more recent times to support the use of spoken Latin. Moreover, a number of university classics departments have begun incorporating communicative pedagogies in their Latin courses. These include
4624-404: Was won by Vellore Institute of Technology , while the Festember '11 Rolling Trophy was won by Sastra University . Sastra University won it again in 2012, and managed to maintain their streak for nine consecutive years, until 2019. Festember '12 and '13 saw the ProShows being conducted in a temporary open-air theatre, a first for Trichy. Festember '14 was the first edition to host the ProShows in
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