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35-559: It was built according to a winning design by the architect Jacob Otten Husly for the new society called Felix Meritis established in 1776 for Music, Drawing, Physics, Commerce and Literature in the modern neo-classical style. Husly had won a similar design contest for the city hall of Groningen in the previous year. The building itself was meant to exemplify the Enlightenment ideals the society stood for. The classical temple façade with its colossal Corinthian pilasters and pediment represent

70-491: A factory for some years in the city. From 2003 till 2005, the city grew enormously as new districts such as Dichteren were built, and as Doetinchem incorporates outlying villages such as Wehl into its municipality. In 2011, the city is still growing. By building a new district as het Loo and Isseldoks , and the opening of a brand new theatre and cinema, Doetinchem is the biggest growing city in Gelderland. The main church in

105-595: A local evening four-day marathon is organized. Since 2005 a four-day marathon is organised which starts and ends in Doetinchem and runs through the Achterhoek . The marathon was held from 23 August to the 26th. Almost 15.000 people took part. In 2009 the city's volleyball team took part in the CEV cup playing against Haltbank Ankara from Turkey . Doetinchem has an annual street-theatre festival Buitengewoon (Extraordinary), and

140-614: A new society of the arts and sciences there. In Haarlem he assisted his nephew Viervant with decorations for the Oval room , the first room of the Teylers Museum . He died, aged 57, in Kampen . Doetinchem Doetinchem ( Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdutɪŋxəm] ; Low Saxon : Deutekem ) is a city and municipality in the east of the Netherlands . It is situated along

175-701: A pamphlet on competitions for the city drawing academy in Amsterdam. He was the director of the drawing academy in Amsterdam called the Stadstekenacademie . In 1772–1776 he designed and built the City Hall, Weesp with his nephew Leendert Viervant the Younger . In 1775 he won a prize for the new City Hall to be built in Groningen. In 1787–1779 he won a prize for the new building called Felix Meritis in Amsterdam to house

210-614: Is twinned with: [REDACTED] La Libertad , Nicaragua [REDACTED] Pardubice , Czech Republic [REDACTED] Raesfeld , Germany Doetinchem has a sister city relationship with La Libertad in Nicaragua. To foster the bond between Doetinchem, La Libertad, and Nicaragua, the Doetinchem Ontwikkelings Samenwerking (DOS) was established in 1990. After a few years, the foundation chose to focus its efforts specifically on La Libertad. DOS aims to contribute to

245-470: Is Connecting Cultures. In collaboration with partners from home and abroad Felix Meritis initiates projects such as A Soul for Europe , Amsterdam Forum, The People Network, Gulliver Connect, Amsterdam Summer University, Dare2Connect, The European House for Culture (Brussels), Night of Philosophy, Cafe Europa, The Globalization Lecture Foundation and Kuhnya. In November 2014, the management company Amerborgh , owned by Alex Mulder, purchased Felix Meritis from

280-556: The Dutch Resistance and disastrously, in March and April 1945, the centre of Doetinchem was largely destroyed by Allied bombing which was either intended for nearby German towns or, as some say, was to destroy the German defences in Doetinchem. Which of the two is true has never really been clarified and there is still some discussion about the true intentions of the bombardment. The city itself

315-553: The Franks and Saxons . Roman coins have been found and there is also archaeological evidence of the Vikings having plundered the area. The first reference to the name of Doetinchem comes in a document from the year 838 which mentions a 'villa Duetinghem', a settlement with a small church. In 887, there is another mention of 'Deutinkem', a fortress with a church which had been given to the then Bishop of Utrecht . The spelling has varied over

350-552: The Netherlands and accompanied many Dutch premieres, directed by conductors such as Johannes Bernardus van Bree . Thus, Beethoven ’s Ninth Symphony and Berlioz ’s Symphonie fantastique had their Dutch premiere in the concert hall of Felix Meritis. The small hall of the Concertgebouw is a replica of this concert hall. When the old Felix Meritis society was dissolved in 1888, the printing company Holdert & Co., which became one of Amsterdam's largest printing companies, moved into

385-513: The Oude IJssel (Old IJssel) river in a part of the province of Gelderland called the Achterhoek . The municipality had a population of 58,270 in 2021 and consists of an area of 79.66 km (30.76 sq mi) of which 0.61 km (0.24 sq mi) is water. This makes Doetinchem the largest town (by population) in the Achterhoek. On 1 January 2005, a municipal restructuring merged

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420-526: The Rietveld Lyceum , the biggest high school in Doetinchem and the Tax administration office. Doetinchem has a professional football team, De Graafschap ('The County'). The home of De Graafschap was completely revamped to transform it into an all-seater arena. The stands are fully covered, with the roof painted in the blue and white of the club. The city has an indoor swimming pool, Rozengaarde. In April or May,

455-460: The Trippenhuis ). The society was abolished in 1888. Felix Meritis’ oval concert hall was the main music hall in Amsterdam until late into the 19th century and enjoyed a great international reputation. Many famous musicians performed there, including Robert and Clara Schumann , Camille Saint-Saëns , Johannes Brahms and Julius Röntgen . The orchestra of Felix Meritis was regarded as the best of

490-455: The City Festival, a big festival with music acts, theatre, a carnival and fireworks. Newspapers available in Doetinchem include subscription paper "De Gelderlander" and free papers "Doetinchems Vizier" and "Zondag", all published by Koninklijke Wegener NV . Doetinchem has its own television station called 'Stadstv' which is received by cable in the municipalities of Doetinchem itself and

525-472: The Count's army. Also, the new city council published rules for the city, codified in the 'Keurboek van Doetinchem' (Rulebook of Doetinchem), which laid down severe punishments for infringements. In 1226, Doetinchem faced increasing danger from plunderers, and so the city wall was raised by a metre. There were four barriers in the wall which, being weak points, were replaced over time by four large city-gates known as

560-709: The Hamburgerpoort (built 1302), the Waterpoort, the Gruitpoort, and the Hezenpoort. Later a moat was dug around the wall and a rampart was built in front; the city's central windmill, the 'walmolen' (Dutch 'wal'=rampart, 'molen'=mill), stands on the remains of this rampart. Despite these defences, Doetinchem was besieged many times and during the Eighty Years' War (1568–1648). It was besieged and conquered twice. However, eventually

595-522: The bottom of which now houses the city's tourist office. In Dichteren, there is a mill called Aurora (Latin for 'dawn') and to the east of the city a mill called Benninkmolen . All these mills are open to visitors, usually open to all one weekday morning and at other times by appointment. A few other important buildings in the city are the Amphion-Theater , the Gruitpoort , a big cultural centre,

630-652: The building was stormed on 4 November 1956, in response to the Soviet invasion of Hungary and its endorsement by the Dutch communist party. However, in the late sixties, Felix Meritis became a cradle of evenings for alternative youth, which were named Provadya. In 1969 the Shaffy Theater opened, which gained a reputation as a stopping place for the Dutch avant-garde, including Ramses Shaffy , Baal, Neerlands Hoop , Independent Theater and Hauser Orkater. In 1988, one hundred years after

665-584: The building. In 1932 part of the building was destroyed in a fire. After the Second World War the Communist Party of the Netherlands set up its headquarters in the building. From 1947 until 1981 its newspaper 'De Waarheid' ('The Truth') rolled from the presses. In the 50s, Felix Meritis became the symbol of communism in the Netherlands. This image became especially embedded in the collective memory when

700-454: The central square, St Catherine's Church ('Catharinakerk') was virtually destroyed in the World War II bombing and restoration took from 1948 to 1963. Although originally a Roman Catholic church, it became Dutch Reformed in 1591. There are two castles, 'De Kelder' ('The Cellar') and Slangenburg. The city has three windmills. In the city centre, there is the already mentioned De Walmolen ,

735-406: The centuries, with 'Duttichem', 'Duichingen' and 'Deutekom' being just some examples. For a long time, Doetinchem remained a small place but around 1100 it started to grow and, after suffering several attempts by plunderers, a town wall was built. In 1236, Doetinchem was granted city rights ('stadsrechten') by Count Otto II of Gelre and Zutphen, and in return, the town provided taxes and soldiers for

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770-586: The city center has become a paid parking zone. On Tuesday, July 14, 2015, the Eastern Ring Road ( Oostelijke Randweg ) was opened, alleviating all traffic congestion in the city center. This road is now part of the N315. Several bike paths lead into the city, which is easily accessible for cyclists. The oldest bridge over the Oude IJssel was restored several decades ago and converted into a cycling bridge. Doetinchem

805-476: The city of Amsterdam. Amerborgh started renovating the building in 2017. Between 2015 and 2016 the building housed the temporary project “ Felix in de Steigers, ” providing space for art, theater and several experimental cultural programs while construction was under way. 52°22′12″N 4°53′03″E  /  52.37000°N 4.88417°E  / 52.37000; 4.88417 Jacob Otten Husly Jacob Otten Husly (16 November 1738 – 11 January 1796)

840-575: The development of projects that can improve living conditions in La Libertad. Additionally, it seeks to involve the residents of Doetinchem as much as possible in the life of La Libertad and the challenges faced there. Doetinchem also has a sister city relationship with Pardubice in the Czech Republic. Through this partnership, both cities aim to foster greater interest in each other's way of life and culture. Additionally, efforts are made to contribute on

875-455: The neighbouring Hummelo en Keppel , and a television station called 'GraafschapTV' which is received in the entire Achterhoek region. Doetinchem is located along the A18 motorway , which has three exits near the city: The city center of Doetinchem features three parking garages and a large paid parking lot just outside the center, called De Varkensweide . Since July 1, 2006, the entire area around

910-468: The neighbouring municipality of Wehl as well as the Zelhelmse Broek area with Doetinchem. The local government organization in the Netherlands is complex and fine-grained (see municipality and Govt Stats, with municipalities being divided into various entities. The municipality of Doetinchem consists of: The city ('stad'): The neighborhoods ('wijken'): The townships ('buurtschappen'): Wehl

945-532: The old society was dissolved, The Felix Meritis foundation was re-established in the building as a European center for art, culture and science. Felix Meritis is an independent international meeting place and serves as director of the European public debate, cultural processes and international projects and exchanges. Felix Meritis presents itself as a knowledge institution and platform for European cultural dialogue and cultural-political issues. The motto of Felix Meritis

980-565: The same name opened its doors. The society focused on the promotion of arts and sciences in a broader sense than the artists collectives popular at the time. Husly was himself a board member of the Amsterdam city drawing academy Stadstekenacademie , that had close contacts with the Oeconomischen Tak van de Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen (economics branch of the Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen , which met in

1015-407: The sieges mentioned above, in 1527 a large fire destroyed most of the city including the city archives (which means that many earlier dates in the history of Doetinchem are somewhat unreliable), and in 1580 most of the city was killed by a plague. There was also occasional flooding. However, despite the fact that Doetinchem is only 10 km (6.2 mi) from the German border, because the Netherlands

1050-401: The society's five departments with five sculptures representing the visual arts and architecture, literature, trade, natural sciences and music. The interior includes original 18th-century features such as the central staircase, the oval concert hall (renowned for its acoustics) and the domed roof - underneath which there used to be an astronomical observatory. On 31 October 1788 the building of

1085-591: The walls became seen as redundant (or perhaps ineffective) and in 1672, they were torn down. However, it was not until the second half of the 19th century that the city gates and most of the rampart were removed. From its early years, Doetinchem had been an important marketplace for farmers to sell their wares; the market was held in the central square called the Simonsplein right up until the Second World War. Doetinchem has had its fair share of disasters. Apart from

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1120-433: Was a separate municipality (with about 6,750 inhabitants, including Nieuw-Wehl) until 31 December 2004, when it merged with the municipality of Doetinchem. doetinchem residents by ethnic background (2021) It is known from archaeological finds of skulls, pottery shards, and flint arrowheads that the area was inhabited more than 11,000 years ago. These prehistoric hunters were followed by Celtic and Germanic tribes like

1155-537: Was an 18th-century architect from the Northern Netherlands. He was born in Doetinchem to Albert Otten and Anna Hendrica Huslij, and added his mother's surname to his name from 1760, probably because he was a pupil of her family members Hans Jacob Huslij and Hendrik Huslij. He made designs in the popular neoclassical style in the eighteenth century. He won prizes in various drawing competitions and in 1768 he wrote

1190-629: Was liberated by The Calgary Highlanders in 1945 after a brief battle there. In 2018 a writer called Karel Berkhuysen researched the Allied bombing. He found that the Germans were researching nuclear fission in a converted school. This information was then passed to the Allies. In the decades after the war, Doetinchem grew and in a few years had outgrown its "competitors" in the Achterhoek, namely Doesburg , Winterswijk and Zutphen . The Dutch company, Philips , had

1225-609: Was not involved in the First World War, Doetinchem saw nothing more than the posting of a few border guards during that time. Even during the Second World War, Doetinchem came off fairly lightly at first; there was only a small German occupying force and the city even escaped the worst effects of the Hunger Winter . However, some prisoners were executed after being implicated in the shooting death in Putten of an important German officer by

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