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50-456: Fazer acquired Swedish confectionery company Mazetti in 1975, Mazetti started several product lines which are now iconic to Fazer, including Dumle and Tutti Frutti. Fazer formed a partnership with United Biscuits in its Fazer Keksit (which made biscuits) and UB owned 70 per cent of it until 2000. Fazer has historically acquired several other companies, including the Finnish Chymos and

100-517: A city. In spring 1904, the efforts finally bore fruit as the Senate approved of the application, although it was another eighteen months before Tsar Nicholas II finally gave his blessing and issued an ordinance for establishing the city of Lahti. At the end of 1905, the area that now comprises Lahti accommodated around 8,200 people of whom just under 3,000 lived in the city itself. All essential municipal institutions were built in just ten years, including

150-576: A hospital and a city hall. At the same time, a rapid increase in brick houses was taking place in the centre of the city. The Battle of Lahti was fought in the 1918 Finnish Civil War as the German Detachment Brandenstein took the town from the Reds . In the early 1920s, the city gained possession of the grounds of the Lahti Manor, an important piece of land previously blocking the city from

200-511: A long time, the railway station at Vesijärvi Harbour was the second busiest station in Finland. Craftsmen, merchants, a few civil servants and a lot of industrial workers soon mixed in with the existing agricultural peasantry. On 19 June 1877, almost the entire village was burned to the ground. However, the accident proved to be a stroke of luck for the development of the place, as it led to the authorities resuming their deliberations about establishing

250-735: A member of the World Cocoa Organization in 2005. Fazer Retail operates Fazer Cafés in Finland and Gateau bakery shops in Finland and Sweden. The flagship Fazer Café is on Kluuvikatu in Helsinki, opened in 1891. It is a rare example of Art Deco design in Finland. Confectionery brands The Lifestyle Foods division produces other food items, such as Froosh smoothies, Fazer Aito oat products and non-dairy drinks as well as Frebaco and Fazer Alku oat-based breakfast foods. These are produced in Lahti , Lidköping and Koria . Mazetti Mazetti AB

300-512: A part of Finnish cultural heritage and cuisine . Other well-known Fazer products include their salmiakki products, such as Fazer salmiakki, Tyrkisk Peber and salmiakki-flavoured Fazer Blue. Fazer operates 9 large-scale bakeries across Finland, Sweden and the Baltics and exports its bakery products to 21 countries. In addition to these, Fazer operates 136 small-scale in-store bakeries in large Finnish supermarkets. In 2018, Fazer's cricket bread won

350-1075: A stronger focus on consumer products through the acquisition and saw growth opportunities, especially in the oat-based products that Kaslink manufactures. Just a few days earlier, Fazer had announced that it would sell its Fazer Food Services restaurant operations to the British Compass Group as part of the company's strategy focused on consumer products. Following the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine , Fazer sold its Russian business to bakery firm Kolomenskij. Fazer Group includes communications, legal, HR, finance and treasury, risk management, security, investment management, corporate planning, property management and internal audit. Shared services include IT, accounting and human resources. Fazer operates through three Business Areas. The business areas are Fazer Bakeries, Fazer Confectionery and Fazer Lifestyle Foods. Fazer's most notable products include its classic Fazer Blue ( Fazerin sininen ) milk chocolate, widely regarded as one of Finland's most respected brands and

400-476: A town in Lahti. The village was granted market town rights by Emperor Alexander II of Russia in 1878 and an empire-style, grid town plan was approved, which included a large market square and wide boulevards . This grid plan still forms the basis of the city center. Most of the buildings were low wooden houses bordering the streets. Lahti was founded during a period of severe economic recessions. The Russian Empire

450-456: Is also convenient to travel to Helsinki airport . Travel time to Helsinki airport via Tikkurila station is between 49min to 65min. Additionally to the train connections, the long-distance busses are well-serviced in Lahti. Thanks to its geographical location, Lahti provides a hub-like possibility for busses too. From Lahti, the long-distance busses service routes to Helsinki, Turku , Tampere , Jyväskylä , Mikkeli , Oulu , Rovaniemi amongst

500-419: Is also dubbed the " Chicago of Finland" due to the similarity of early industries of both cities, when they were known as " slaughterhouse cities ". Also, the troubled history of both cities in terms of crime has been seen as one of the similarities. Lahti is a long-time pioneering city in environmental sustainability, dating back to as early as 1990 and before. The European Commission has named Lahti as

550-646: Is also the only city to host the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships seven times, doing so in 1926, 1938, 1958, 1978, 1989, 2001 and 2017. The Pelicans have competed in the top level of Finnish ice hockey , the SM-liiga , since 1999. Before the new millennium Reipas represented Lahti in top-flight hockey for 50 years. Many former NHL players, such as Janne Laukkanen , Toni Lydman and Pasi Nurminen , have started their careers in Reipas. Historically

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600-466: Is dominated by forests and small rivers. The divide is also apparent in the soil, which mostly consists of till in the north and clay in the south. The biggest lake is Vesijärvi which also is a gateway to Central Finland via Lake Päijänne . There is also a pond called Pikku-Vesijärvi ("Little Vesijärvi") near the Lanu-puisto park. The area of the city of Lahti is divided in two ways: first,

650-674: Is often heard on BBC Radio 3 . Lahti's annual music festival programme includes such events as Lahti Organ Festival, a jazz festival held in the city's market square and the Sibelius Festival. In addition to the Sibelius Hall, other additional notable works of architecture in Lahti are the City Hall (1911) by Eliel Saarinen , the Church of the Cross (1978) by Alvar Aalto , Nastola Church (1804),

700-619: The European Green Capital of 2021. Lahti is the headquarters of the Salpausselkä UNESCO Global Geopark, one of 4 UNESCO Geoparks in Finland. Salpausselkä was added to the list of over 170 UNESCO Global Geoparks in the world in 2022. The coat of arms of the city depicts a train wheel surrounded by flames. It refers to the Riihimäki–Saint Petersburg railway , which had a decisive influence on

750-560: The Finnish Lakeland . The population of Lahti is approximately 121,000, while the sub-region has a population of approximately 205,000. It is the 9th most populous municipality in Finland, and the sixth most populous urban area in the country. Lahti is situated on a bay at the southern end of lake Vesijärvi about 100 kilometres (60 mi) north-east of the capital city Helsinki , 38 kilometres (24 mi) south-west of Heinola and 74 kilometres (46 mi) east of Hämeenlinna ,

800-521: The Soviet Union were settled in the city, and then later in the 1960s and 1970s as a result of urbanization. The rapid population growth came to a sharp end in 1975 and the city has since grown significantly slower albeit more steadily, with the latest notable growth in population happening in 2016 when the municipality of Nastola became a part of Lahti. In December 2018, Lahti became the first new university city in Finland after Rovaniemi in 1979 when

850-541: The 1990s both clubs ended up in such massive financial difficulties that a merger was executed in 1996, with the newly formed club adopting a new name, crest and colours. FC Lahti has played in the Veikkausliiga since 1999, excluding a season-long visit to the first division in 2011, having placed twice third and appearing in Europe three times. The Kärpänen motorcycle speedway track existed from circa.1950 to circa.1980, it

900-573: The 2009 World Masters Athletics Championships were held in Lahti. For the 1952 Summer Olympics , some of the football matches were played at Kisapuisto . Lahti will host the 2023 Ironman 70.3 World Championship August 26–27, an annual event which rotates venue and is the 2nd most important event in long course triathlon after Kona World Championship held annually in Hawaii. The city is served by 20 local bus lines, most of which are pendulum lines between two different areas via city centre. Bus transport in

950-404: The 40 individually numbered districts ( Finnish : kaupunginosa ), and second, the 9 greater areas ( Finnish : suuralue ), which are divided into 41 statistical districts ( Finnish : tilastollinen kaupunginosa ) and further into 169 statistical areas ( Finnish : tilastoalue ). The definitions of the districts and statistical districts do not necessarily match each other. Below are listed

1000-826: The Bronze Lion in the Sustainable Development Goals section of the Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity . Fazer's bakery brands include Oululainen, Skogaholm, Druva and Gardesis. Fazer produces its biscuits in Vantaa, and its biscuit brands in Finland include Jyväshyvä, Domino, Jaffa, Fasupala, Carneval, Suklaalehti, Muro and Hangon. Fazer's Lappeenranta bakery produces Karelian pies. Fazer's Karelian pies are Rukiinen piirakka, Rukiinen Imatran Riisipirakka, Vuoksen piirakka, Rukiinen Perunapiirakka and Rukiinen Porkkanapiirakka. In April 2016, Fazer

1050-539: The Danish Perelly. The confectionery line was merged with its Swedish competitor Cloetta in 2000, to become Cloetta Fazer , though the merger lasted only until 2008 before the two brands were separated back to independent companies. Later, Fazer Keksit was sold to Danone . It was renamed to LU Suomi, the entirety of which was bought back by Fazer in 2012 from Kraft Foods Inc. (now Mondelez International ) and now operates under Fazer Confectionery. November 2016 saw

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1100-460: The Finnish state reaches an agreement with regional councils to finance a direct rail link from Lahti to either Jyväskylä or Mikkeli . The city's main transportation hubs are the market square ( Kauppatori ) and the travel centre ( Matkakeskus) , with local buses providing a non-stop service between the two. The travel centre, which replaced the old Lahti bus station that had been in use since 1939,

1150-405: The G train to Riihimäki run hourly. Most services to Kouvola don't have a letter designation and are run every three hours aside from rush hours. There are plans for building two new train stops inside the city limits before 2020, Hennala and Karisto. A local service to Heinola has been proposed but renovating the old line has been deemed too expensive and unprofitable in the long term, unless

1200-562: The Lahti Conservatory, Kannas organises theatre classes and Lahden yhteiskoulu offers an economy-centered class. Salpaus is an educational consortium owned by the municipalities in Päijänne Tavastia arranging most of the region's vocational education and trade schooling. The privately owned Dila and Lahti Conservatory educate students for healthcare and music-related professions, respectively. Lahti's greatest educational assets are

1250-576: The Parliament accepted a change in the university law. LUT University nowadays consists of two campuses, Lappeenranta and Lahti. The terrain of Lahti is dominated by the first Salpausselkä ridge, a terminal moraine that cuts through the city from west to east. The city is located in the transition from the southern coastal area to the Finnish Lakeland ; prominent to the north of the Salpausselkä are rocky hills and fragmented lakes, while its south side

1300-400: The Päijänne Tavastia region is organised by the regional transportation authority, known as Lahden seudun liikenne or LSL , and run by several private companies which have bid for the right to run their lines. LSL buses cover all urban areas at 10–20 minute intervals and most nearby municipalities at 30–60 minute intervals. Lahti is served by VR commuter rail , the Z train to Helsinki and

1350-574: The birth of the city at its crossroads. Lahti was first mentioned in documents in 1445. The village belonged to the parish of Hollola and was located at the medieval trade route of Ylinen Viipurintie , which linked the towns of Hämeenlinna and Viipuri . The completion of the Riihimäki – St. Petersburg railway line in 1870 and the Vesijärvi canal in 1871 turned Lahti into a lively station, and industrial installations began to spring up around it. For

1400-412: The capital of the region of Tavastia Proper (Kanta-Häme) . Lahti is situated at the intersection of Highway 4 (between Helsinki and Jyväskylä ) and Highway 12 (between Tampere and Kouvola ), which are the most significant main roads of Lahti. Its neighboring municipalities are Asikkala , Heinola, Hollola , Iitti and Orimattila . In English, the Finnish word Lahti literally means bay . Lahti

1450-508: The city centre and it will be redeveloped for other uses in the near future. Lahti's proximity to Helsinki provides a fast and well-serviced operation between the cities. Long-distance and commuter trains service the city at least twice an hour in the daytime. There is also a commuter train service towards Riihimäki in the south-west and to Kouvola / Kotka in the east. All the east and north-east long-distance train services to and from Helsinki railway station call at Lahti. From Lahti, it

1500-482: The city's most successful association football club has been Kuusysi . In their golden years lasting from the early 1980s to the 1990s they won five Finnish championships as well as two Finnish Cup titles, with appearances in European competitions each year. Their greatest rivals, Reipas, won a total of three championships and seven cup titles from 1963 to 1978 but diminished in the early 1980s as Kuusysi got stronger. In

1550-463: The city; these include small works by Japanese architect Kengo Kuma and Australian architect Richard Leplastrier . The Finnish folk metal band Korpiklaani was founded in Lahti. Lahti has a rich sporting tradition, especially in various wintersports. The city is well known for the annually held Lahti Ski Games ( Salpausselän kisat ) and the Finlandia-hiihto cross-country skiing contest. It

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1600-572: The construction of a large congress and concert centre, the Sibelius Hall (2000) by architects Kimmo Lintula and Hannu Tikka. Lahti has one of Finland's most widely known symphony orchestras, the Lahti Symphony Orchestra ( Sinfonia Lahti  ), based at the Sibelius Hall, which performs both classical and popular music, notably concentrating on music by Jean Sibelius . The orchestra has won several well respected international prizes, and

1650-562: The districts: Under the Köppen climate classification , Lahti has a humid continental climate ( Dfb ). Summers are usually warm in the city, with the average daily temperature in July exceeding over 23 °C (73.6 °F) and also having had the most 25 °C (77 °F) (or more) days in the last two decades, alongside Kouvola. Winters are cold and long but as a result of the climate change, specially winters are becoming more and more mild. During

1700-517: The factory building remains and today houses the Mazetti Culture House ( Swedish : Kulturhuset Mazetti ) which opened on February 3 2006. Mazetti started several product lines which continue as Fazer products today Lahti Lahti ( Finnish pronunciation: [ˈlɑhti] ; Swedish : Lahtis ) is a city in Finland and the regional capital of Päijät-Häme . It is located in

1750-481: The fifth largest region in Finland after Helsinki , Tampere , Turku and Oulu . Lahti is home to 2% of Finland's population. 9.6% of the population has a foreign background, which is close to the national average. However, it is lower than in the major Finnish cities of Helsinki , Espoo , Tampere , Vantaa or Turku . Population by mother tongue (2023) Lahti is a monolingual Finnish-speaking municipality. There are 522 Swedish speakers in Lahti, or 0.4% of

1800-445: The heatwave of 2010, the temperature in Lahti reached 35.0 °C (95 °F). The amount of precipitation is fairly evenly distributed throughout the year. The driest season is spring, the most precipitation is in the second half of the year. FMI (record highs and lows 1938–1961) The city of Lahti has 121,447 inhabitants, making it the 9th most populous municipality in Finland. The Lahti region has 204,781 inhabitants, making it

1850-519: The lake. Large-scale industrial operations grew rapidly in the 1930s as did the population; Lahti, at the time, was one of Finland's fastest-growing cities, and before the start of the Winter War its population was approaching 30,000. Through the addition of new areas in 1924, 1933 and 1956, Lahti grew, both in terms of population and surface area. The increase in population was especially strong after WWII , when 10,000 evacuees from ceded territories to

1900-681: The oldest church in the city, Joutjärvi church , the City Theatre (1983) by Pekka Salminen , the City Library (1990) by Arto Sipinen , the Piano Pavilion (2008) by Gert Wingårdh , and the Travel Centre (2016) by JKMM Architects . The City of Lahti has also acted as the host city for the international Spirit of Wood Architecture Award , established in Finland in 1999. Some of the prize-winners have received commissions to design small structures in

1950-533: The opening of a 5,000-square-metre (54,000 sq ft) Visitor Centre at their confectionery factory at Fazerintie in Vantaa . The avant-gardist building, in the shape of two circles with a botanical garden at the centre of one of them, was designed by K2S Architects. The Visitor Centre also includes a café, congress wing and shop. In the summer of 2019, Fazer bought the Finnish company Kaslink Foods, which specializes in plant-based foods. According to Fazer, it sought

2000-639: The other destinations. Lahti has 16 comprehensive schools and eight secondary schools. Comprehensive education is also available in English and Swedish. Lahden yhteiskoulu is the city's only private school offering both comprehensive and upper secondary education. All four upper secondary schools in Lahti have a specialty: the Lyceum has expertise on subjects such as mathematics and biology, and sports (formerly in Salpauselkä), Tiirismaa focuses on music in association with

2050-441: The population. As English and Swedish are compulsory school subjects, functional bilingualism or trilingualism acquired through language studies is not uncommon. At least 100 different languages are spoken in Lahti. The most commonly spoken foreign languages are Russian (2.8%), Arabic (1.1%), Estonian (0.7%) and Kurdish (0.6%). As of 2023 , there were 11,552 persons with a migrant background living in Lahti, or 9.6% of

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2100-464: The population. The number of residents who were born abroad was 10,919, or 9.0 per cent of the population. The number of persons with foreign citizenship living in Lahti was 7,272. Most foreign-born citizens came from the former Soviet Union , Estonia , Iraq and Russia . The relative share of immigrants in Lahti's population is close to the national average. Furthermore, the city's new residents are increasingly of foreign origin. This will increase

2150-505: The proportion of foreign residents in the coming years. In 2023, the Evangelical Lutheran Church was the largest religious group with 60.6% of the population of Lahti. Other religious groups accounted for 2.9% of the population. 36.5% of the population had no religious affiliation. The economic region of Lahti, which includes the surrounding municipalities, was strongly affected by the collapse of Finnish-Soviet trade and by

2200-413: The recession in the early 1990s. The value of production slumped, especially in the mechanical engineering industry and other manufacturing industries (e.g. the furniture industry). Production also decreased in the textile and clothing industry. In 1990, there were 90,370 jobs in the Lahti region. The number of jobs diminished over the next couple of years, so that in 1993 there were fewer than 70,000 jobs in

2250-543: The region. The number of jobs had slowly increased to 79,138 in 1999. [REDACTED] In 1995, R&D expenditure was FIM 715 per person, while Finland's average was about FIM 2050. The amount of Tekes (the National Technology Agency) funding in the Lahti Region grew 40% during 2004–2007 while the average growth in Finland was 60%. [REDACTED] Lahti harbors cultural ambitions, manifested notably in

2300-577: Was a Swedish manufacturer of cacao, chocolate and other candies founded and based in Malmö , Sweden. It was acquired by the Finnish Fazer company in 1975. Mazetti was founded in 1888 by Danish confectioner Emil Nissen , originally named Malmö Choklad och Konfektfabriks AB . A factory was built on Bergsgatan in central Malmö, with the work led by Christian Lauritz Müller. Manufacturing in Malmö ended in 1992, but

2350-420: Was built between 2014 and 2016 around the Lahti railway station by building new local bus stops around the station, a long-distance bus terminal next to the station building and an automated parking facility for commuters. All local and long-distance trains and buses stop at the travel centre, making it convenient to transfer from one mode of transport to another. The city council has sold the old bus station in

2400-511: Was encumbered by the war against Turkey , which also affected the economy of the Grand Duchy of Finland . The recession also slowed down building of the township: land would not sell and often plots were not built on for some time. In its early years, the town with its meagre 200 inhabitants was too small to provide any kind of foundation for trade. At the end of the 1890s, Lahti's Township Board increased its efforts to enable Lahti to be turned into

2450-724: Was located where the Kärpäsen koulu sports field is today and hosted a qualifying round of the Speedway World Championship in 1957 in addition to the Finnish Speedway Championship , multiple times between the years 1963 and 1978. Another former speedway track at Pipoo (built in 1980), off the Vanhanradankatu held the final of the Finnish Championship in 1980, 1987 and 1990. The 1997 World Games and

2500-607: Was reported to have bought back the Domino, Jaffa and Fanipala brands. Fazer is the leading producer of chocolates, sweets and biscuits in Finland with a market share of 30-40%. The Confectionery division has production facilities in Vantaa and Lappeenranta . Confectionery is sold in more than 40 countries. Fazer's confectionery factories in Finland are located in Lappeenranta (sugar confectionery) and Vantaa (chocolates). The company produces 25,000 tonnes of chocolate per year. It became

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