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130-499: Futebol Clube do Porto , MHIH , OM ( Portuguese pronunciation: [futɨˈβɔl ˈkluβɨ ðu ˈpoɾtu] ), commonly known as FC Porto or simply Porto , is a Portuguese professional sports club based in Porto . It is best known for the professional football team playing in the Primeira Liga , the top flight of Portuguese football . Founded on 28 September 1893, Porto is one of

260-404: A 2–8 win for Benfica; Porto's first victory (3–2) came only in 1920. As of the end of the 2014–15 season, the clubs have faced each other in 232 competitive matches, which have resulted in 89 wins for Porto, 86 for Benfica and 57 draws. The first meeting between Porto and Sporting CP occurred on 30 November 1919, during a friendly tournament organised by Porto. Their first official encounter was in

390-458: A Colheita may have spent 20 or more years in wooden barrels before being bottled and sold. White Colheitas have also been produced. Unusual and rare, vintage-dated Garrafeira combines the oxidative maturation of years in wood with further reductive maturation in large glass demijohns . It is required by the IVDP that wines spend some time in wood, usually between three and six years, followed by at least

520-516: A French coach named Adolphe Cassaigne, who would stay in the club until 1925. On 15 December 1907, Porto played its first match against a foreign team, hosting Spain's Real Fortuna . In the following month, Porto returned the visit and played its first match abroad. Four years later, the club won the inaugural staging of the Taça José Monteiro da Costa , securing its first-ever major title. In 1912, Porto joined efforts with Leixões to establish

650-399: A blend of several vintages. The target age profile, in years in wood, is stated on the label, usually 10, 20, 30, or 40 years. These ports are produced by most houses. It is also possible to produce an aged white port in this manner, with some shippers now marketing aged white ports. In some places, such as Canada and Australia, 'tawny' may also be used to describe any port-style wine that

780-541: A cask for only a short time, they retain their dark ruby color and fresh fruit flavours. Particularly fine vintage ports can continue to gain complexity for many decades after they were bottled. It is not uncommon for 19th-century bottles to still be in perfect condition for consumption. The oldest known vintage port still available as of 2018 from a shipper is the 1815 Ferreira. A tasting in 1990 described it as having an "intensely spicy aroma – cinnamon, pepper, and ginger – hints of exotic woods, iodine, and wax". Vintage port

910-527: A ceremony, featuring the presence of the President of the Republic Francisco Craveiro Lopes , and a match against Benfica, which Porto lost 2–8. The stadium's initial layout had an open east sector (Marathon Door), which was closed in 1976 with the construction of a two-tier stand that raised the capacity to 70,000. In 1986, works to lower the pitch and build an additional tier in the place of

1040-424: A convincing 6–2 scoreline, securing their fourth trophy of the season. As Villas-Boas left for Chelsea, Porto recruited the services of his assistant, Vítor Pereira . For the third straight year, the club began the season with another Supertaça title, which was followed by a 2–0 loss to Barcelona for the 2011 UEFA Super Cup . Although lacking the goalscoring prolificacy of Falcao (sold to Atlético Madrid ), Porto

1170-428: A crown supporting a green dragon with a red banner inscribed with "Invicta" (Undefeated [city]) – was added on top of the old crest, pushing the white letters down. In 1906, the club's first official team wore kits with a variety of colors and patterns, which included white shirts with red collars or vertical blue stripes, and even red shirts. This indefinition in the equipment was only solved in 1909, when through

1300-500: A deal with Revigrés worth 10 million escudos per year. This deal lasted for 20 years, with successive renovations, after which the national communications corporation Portugal Telecom (PT) became the new shirt sponsors. Still, Revigrés remain as one of the club's main and longest-serving collaborators. The club's first ground was the Campo da Rainha (Queen's Field), inaugurated in 1906 with an exhibition game against Boavista. The site

1430-408: A few days. Recent bottlings are identified by the label "unfiltered", "bottle matured", or both. Since the 2002 regulations, bottles that carry the words "bottle matured" must have enjoyed at least three years of bottle maturation before release. Before 2002 this style was often marketed as "traditional", a description that is no longer permitted. Unfiltered LBV will usually be improved by extra years in

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1560-541: A five-point lead enjoyed by Benfica to win the Portuguese League title in 1959. The two clubs met in the season's final, but this time Benfica took the trophy and denied a second double for Porto that had won the 1958–59 Primeira Divisão three months before. Shortly after, the club entered another lacklustre period of its history, the highest point of which was a victory in the 1968 Taça de Portugal final. During this time, Porto had its worst-ever league classification,

1690-512: A friendly match. To commemorate this victory, the associates offered the club a massive trophy made of 250 kg (550 lb) of silver and wood – the Arsenal Cup. Having endured a 16-year title drought period, Porto returned to winning ways by taking the 1955–56 Primeira Divisão on head-to-head advantage over runners-up Benfica . Later that season, Porto beat Torreense to win its first Taça de Portugal and achieved its first double . As

1820-411: A further eight years in glass, before bottling. In practice, the times spent in glass are much longer. The style is associated with the company Niepoort, although others do exist. Their dark green demijohns, known as bon-bons, hold approximately 11 litres (2.4 imp gal; 2.9 US gal) each. Some connoisseurs describe Garrafeira as having a slight taste of bacon, the reason being that, during

1950-567: A graphical artist and one of the club's players. In his proposal, the city's coat of arms – consisting at the time of a quartered shield (first and fourth quadrants: national arms; second and third quadrants: image of Our Lady holding baby Jesus and flanked by two towers holding above a banner with the Latin words "Civitas Virginis" ) surrounded by the collar of the Order of the Tower and Sword and topped by

2080-459: A league match against Vitória de Setúbal , the 26-year-old captain Pavão fell unconscious on the pitch and died later at the hospital. The following month, Porto presented Peruvian international Teófilo Cubillas , who became one of the club's most successful players, scoring 65 goals in 108 games. The return of José Maria Pedroto  – a former Porto player and head coach in the late 1960s – in

2210-448: A new coach, Jesualdo Ferreira , signed from neighbours Boavista. Before Ferreira assumed his role, Porto won the season-opening Supertaça , with former club player Rui Barros acting as interim coach. An experienced head coach, Ferreira had never achieved major club level success, but in his first season in Porto he became national champion for the first time. The 2006–07 Primeira Liga title

2340-477: A new head coach – Paulo Fonseca , signed from 2012 to 2013 Primeira Liga third-placed Paços de Ferreira  – but continued the trend of the previous four seasons by winning the Supertaça . This title would be the highlight of the season, as the club underperformed in every other competition it was involved. In the league, Porto led with five points over its pursuers, but a series of compromising results pushed

2470-484: A new style of white apéritif Port, in 1934. Made from traditional white grape varieties, it is fermented for longer than usual to give it a crisp dry finish. Late bottled vintage (often referred to simply as LBV) was originally wine that had been destined for bottling as vintage port, but because of lack of demand was left in the barrel for longer than had been planned. Over time it has become two distinct styles of wine, both of them bottled between four and six years after

2600-604: A ninth place in 1969–70, while its best league record in that period consisted of six runner-up finishes (four consecutive between 1961–62 and 1964–65). In European competitions, the club participated for the first time in the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup (and its successor, the UEFA Cup ) and in the Cup Winners' Cup , without getting past the third round. One of the club's most tragic moments occurred on 16 December 1973, when during

2730-449: A record 24 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira . Porto is one of two teams to have won the league title without defeats, in the 2010–11 and 2012–13 seasons. In the former, Porto achieved the largest-ever difference of points between champion and runner-up in a three-points-per-win system (21 points), on their way to a second quadruple . In international competitions, Porto is the most decorated Portuguese team, with seven trophies . They won

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2860-652: A result of this oxidation, they mellow to a golden-brown color. The exposure to oxygen imparts "nutty" flavours to the wine, which is blended to match the house style. They are sweet or medium dry and typically consumed as a dessert wine, but can also pair with a main course. When a port is described as tawny, without an indication of age, it is a basic blend of wood-aged port that has spent time in wooden barrels, typically at least three years. Reserve tawny port (produced by Borges, Calem, Croft, Cruz, Graham , Kopke, and other houses) has been aged about seven years. Above this are tawny with an indication of age, which represent

2990-640: A ruby-enameled golden cross pattée . The stars of Grand Officer and Grand Cross bear the inscription " Talant de bien faire ". Membership to the Order is conferred by the President, either on his own initiative, upon the recommendation of his Ministers or following nomination by the Council of the Order. Port wine Port wine ( Portuguese : vinho do Porto , Portuguese: [ˈviɲu ðu ˈpoɾtu] ; lit.   ' wine of Porto ' ), or simply port ,

3120-405: A single estate, unlike the standard bottlings of the port wine houses which can be sourced from a number of quintas. Single quinta bottlings are used in two ways by producers. Most of the large port wine houses have a single quinta bottling which is only produced in some years when the regular vintage port of the house is not declared. In those years, wine from their best quinta is still bottled under

3250-606: A single variety of grapes, all Ports commercially available are from a blend of different grapes. Since the Phylloxera crisis , most vines are grown on grafted rootstock, with the notable exception of the Nacional area of Quinta do Noval , which, since being planted in 1925, has produced some of the most expensive vintage ports. Grapes grown for port are generally characterized by their small, dense fruit which produces concentrated and long-lasting flavours, suitable for long aging. While

3380-623: A single vintage (usually being a blend of several vintages of the ruby) nor the typical character of vintage port. Rose port is a very recent variation on the market, first released in 2008 by Poças and by Croft, part of the Taylor Fladgate Partnership . It is technically a ruby port, but fermented in a similar manner to a rosé wine , with limited exposure to the grape skins, thus creating the rose color. Tawny ports are wines usually made from red grapes that are aged in wooden barrels exposing them to gradual oxidation and evaporation. As

3510-636: A third consecutive league title (the Tri ) for the first time, leaving the runners-up at a distance of 13 points. The club's eighth Supertaça win over Benfica was achieved with a solid performance at the Estádio da Luz that resulted in a 5–0 scoreline. The arrival of Brazilian players Artur and Mário Jardel proved highly productive in the 1996–97 UEFA Champions League , as their goals helped Porto beat Milan in Italy and win its group without defeats. In addition, Jardel would win

3640-512: A third consecutive victory in 1916. The 1921–22 season was marked by the creation of the first nationwide football competition – the Campeonato de Portugal . Organised by the national federation , this knockout tournament gathered the winners of the regional championships to determine the Portuguese champion. After clinching its fourth consecutive regional title, Porto defeated Sporting CP in

3770-648: A value of €364 million. Declining sales are attributed by some to increasing prices, due to the increased cost of alcohol used in the production process. Declining sales have also been attributed to the global rise in alcohol levels of table wines. As of 2014, the leading brand in Portugal is Cálem, which sells 2.6 million bottles annually. Port is produced from grapes grown in the Douro valley. Until 1986 it could only be exported from Portugal from Vila Nova de Gaia near Porto , Portugal's second-largest city. Traditionally,

3900-409: A vintage designation, rather than being used for simpler port qualities. The term vintage has a distinct meaning in the context of vintage port. While vintage is simply the year in which a wine is made, most producers of vintage port restrict their production of year-labelled bottlings to only the best years, a few per decade. Contrast with second wines , where (primarily) Bordeaux producers release

4030-418: A vintage is made by each individual port house often referred to as a "shipper". Much of the complex character of aged vintage port comes from the continued slow decomposition of grape solids in each bottle. These solids are undesirable when the port is consumed, and thus vintage port typically requires a period of settling before decanting and pouring. Single quinta vintage ports are wines that originate from

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4160-481: A wine that is slightly more viscous. The IVDP ( Instituto dos Vinhos do Douro e Porto ) further divides ports into two categories: normal ports (standard ruby, three-year-old tawny, and white) and Categorias Especiais , special categories, which include everything else. The most common type, ruby port is stored in tanks of concrete or stainless steel after fermentation, to prevent oxidative aging and preserve its bright red color and full-bodied fruitiness. The wine

4290-438: A year-labelled top wine almost every year, but also lesser quality wines in some years. If a port house decides that its wine is of a quality sufficient for a vintage, samples are sent to the IVDP for approval and the house declares the vintage. In very good years, almost all the port houses will declare their wines. In intermediate years, the producers of blended vintage ports will not declare their flagship port but may declare

4420-465: Is Radamel Falcao , with 22 goals. Order of Prince Henry It is a five-tier order, whose titles are awarded for relevant services to Portugal and for services in the expansion of the Portuguese culture , its history and its values (with a particular focus on its maritime history). The number of members in each grade is restricted by its constitution, and titles are conferred by special decree by

4550-593: Is a Portuguese fortified wine produced in the Douro Valley of northern Portugal . It is typically a sweet red wine , often served with dessert , although it also comes in dry, semi-dry, and white varieties. Other port-style fortified wines are produced outside Portugal – in Argentina, Australia, Canada, France, India, Italy, South Africa, Spain, and the United States ;– but under

4680-765: Is caused by the addition of distilled grape spirits that fortify the wine, but also halt fermentation before all the sugar is converted to alcohol, and results in a wine that is usually 19% to 20% alcohol. Port is commonly served after meals as a dessert wine in English-speaking countries, often with cheese, nuts, or chocolate; white and tawny ports are often served as an apéritif . In continental Europe, all types of ports are frequently consumed as apéritifs. Port from Portugal comes in several styles, which can be divided into two broad categories: wines matured in sealed glass bottles, and wines that have matured in wooden barrels. The former, without exposure to air, experience what

4810-431: Is known as "reductive" ageing. This process leads to the wine losing its color very slowly and produces a wine that is smoother on the palate and less tannic. The latter, being matured in wooden barrels, whose permeability allows a small amount of exposure to oxygen, experience what is known as "oxidative" aging. They too lose color, but at a faster pace. They also lose volume to evaporation ( angel's share ), leaving behind

4940-402: Is made entirely from the grapes of a declared vintage year. While it is by far the most renowned type of port, from a volume and revenue standpoint, vintage port accounts for only about two percent of overall port production. Not every year is declared a vintage in the Douro. The decision on whether to declare a vintage is made early in the second year following the harvest. The decision to declare

5070-453: Is not produced in Portugal, in accordance with an agreement with the EU. Colheita port is a single-vintage tawny port aged for at least seven years, with the vintage year on the bottle instead of a category of age (10, 20, etc.). Colheita port should not be confused with a vintage port: a vintage port will spend only about 18 months in barrels after harvest and will continue to mature in bottles, but

5200-531: Is optimal for cultivation of olives , almonds , and especially grapes important for making port wine. The region around Pinhão and São João da Pesqueira is considered to be the centre of port production, and is known for its picturesque quintas  – estates clinging on to almost vertical slopes dropping down to the river. The demarcation of the Douro River Valley includes a broad swath of land of pre- Cambrian schist and granite . Beginning around

5330-509: Is sometimes referred to as brandy , but it bears little resemblance to commercial brandies. The wine is then stored and aged , often in barrels stored in a lodge (meaning "cellar") as is the case in Vila Nova de Gaia , before being bottled. The wine received its name, "port", in the latter half of the 17th century from the seaport city of Porto at the mouth of the Douro River , where much of

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5460-495: Is usually blended to match the style of the brand to which it is to be sold. The wine is fined and cold filtered before bottling and does not generally improve with age, although premium rubies are aged in wood from four to six years. Reserve ruby is a premium ruby port approved by the IVDP's tasting panel, the Câmara de Provadores . In 2002 the IVDP prohibited the use of the term "vintage character", as reserve ruby port had neither

5590-425: Is widely considered the most desirable port grape but the difficulty in growing it, and the small yields cause Touriga Francesa to be the most widely planted grape. White ports are produced the same way as red ports, except that they use white grapes – Donzelinho Branco , Esgana-Cão , Folgasão , Gouveio , Malvasia Fina , Rabigato and Viosinho . While a few shippers have experimented with Ports produced from

5720-481: The 2002–03 Primeira Liga with relative comfort, finishing 11 points ahead of second-placed Benfica. The club also won the UEFA Cup , defeating Celtic in a dramatic extra-time final, to win its second major European title. Mourinho then secured an unprecedented treble for Porto by winning the Taça de Portugal final against his previous club. The 2003–04 season began with another 1–0 win over União de Leiria , which gave

5850-407: The 2012–13 Primeira Liga , Porto reduced the distance to leaders Benfica to two points, before hosting them in the penultimate matchday. In a dramatic turn of events, Porto won with a goal in stoppage time and moved to the top of the league table. An away victory in the last game confirmed the Tri and Porto's 27th league title – the second without defeats. Porto entered the 2013–14 season with

5980-462: The 2025 FIFA Club World Cup for the first time, as they were the highest-ranked Portuguese club in the UEFA 4-year ranking. At the end of the 2023–2024 season, after having won the Taça de Portugal and coached the team for seven years, Conceição was let go by the newly elected president of FC Porto, Andre Villas-Boas. On April 27, 2024, André Villas-Boas, who had coached Porto during the 2010–2011 season,

6110-418: The Estádio do Dragão , which replaced the previous 51-year-old ground, the Estádio das Antas . Porto is one of the two most decorated clubs in Portuguese football, with 86 major trophies . Domestically, these comprise 30 Portuguese league titles (five of which won consecutively between 1994–95 and 1998–99, a Portuguese football record), 20 Taça de Portugal , 4 Campeonato de Portugal , 1 Taça da Liga and

6240-797: The European Cup/UEFA Champions League in 1987 and 2004 , the UEFA Cup/Europa League in 2003 and 2011 , the UEFA Super Cup in 1987 , and the Intercontinental Cup in 1987 and 2004 . In addition, they were runners-up in the 1983–84 European Cup Winners' Cup , plus the 2003 , 2004 and 2011 editions of the UEFA Super Cup. Porto is the only Portuguese club to have won the UEFA Cup/Europa League,

6370-518: The European Union Protected Designation of Origin guidelines, only wines from Portugal are allowed to be labelled "port". Port is produced from grapes grown and processed in the demarcated Douro region. The wine produced is then fortified by the addition of a neutral grape spirit known as aguardente to stop the fermentation , leaving residual sugar in the wine, and to boost the alcohol content . The fortification spirit

6500-546: The Porto Football Association , which began organising the regional championship in the following year. Porto finished the first season as runners-up, behind local rivals Boavista , but in the following season the club won its first championship. By the end of the 1920–21 season, Porto had been regional champions six times in seven years, and outright winners of the Taça José Monteiro da Costa, after claiming

6630-440: The Taça and Supertaça trophies in 1991. His successor, Brazilian Carlos Alberto Silva , won back-to-back league titles in two seasons and qualified Porto for the first UEFA Champions League . Midway through the 1993–94 season, Porto hired former England manager Bobby Robson , who had been sacked by Sporting CP. The club closed the gap to league winners Benfica, reached the 1993–94 UEFA Champions League semi-finals, and ended

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6760-532: The competition's final . On 16 May 1984, Porto played its first major European final in Basel's St. Jakob Stadium , losing 2–1 to Michel Platini 's Juventus . Already without Pedroto, who stepped down due to illness, Porto won that season's Taça and Supertaça but lost the championship to Benfica. Under the steering of Pedroto's apprentice, Artur Jorge , the following season brought the Primeira Divisão title back to

6890-493: The inaugural edition and became the first national champions. While a dominant regional force, the club faced stronger opposition in the national championship, winning it only three more times in a span of sixteen years (1925, 1932 and 1937). In 1933–34, Porto was denied participation in the Campeonato de Portugal by its football association for refusing to release players for a match between the Porto and Lisbon regional teams. In

7020-636: The " Big Three " (Portuguese: Os Três Grandes ) teams in Portugal ;– together with Lisbon -based rivals Benfica and Sporting CP , that have appeared in every season of the Primeira Liga since its establishment in 1934. They are nicknamed dragões (Dragons), for the mythical creature atop the club's crest, and Azuis e brancos (Blue-and-whites), for the shirt colours. Those colours are in stripes with blue shorts. The club supporters are called portistas . Since 2003, Porto have played their home matches at

7150-461: The 1962 vintage, LBV was being produced in Portugal and bottled as LBV. LBV is intended to provide some of the experience of drinking a vintage port but without the need for lengthy bottle ageing. To a limited extent, it succeeds, as the extra years of oxidative ageing in the barrel does mature the wine more quickly. Unfiltered LBVs are mostly bottled with conventional driven corks and need to be decanted. After decanting they should be consumed within

7280-457: The 1976–77 season started a new chapter in the club's history. Responsible for the previous cup triumph in 1968, Pedroto guided Porto to its fourth title in the competition. In the following season, he put an end to Porto's league title drought, winning the championship 19 years after having played in the team that took the last title. Internationally, Porto reached the quarter-finals of the 1977–78 Cup Winners' Cup , beating Manchester United along

7410-516: The 2003 triumph, Porto returned to the UEFA Cup (renamed UEFA Europa League) and reached the final in Dublin's Aviva Stadium . In an all-Portuguese affair, Porto beat Braga with a goal from the competition's top goalscorer Falcao and lifted the trophy for the second time, as Villas-Boas became the youngest UEFA competition-winning coach. Four days later, Porto won its third consecutive Taça de Portugal with

7540-452: The 2014–15 season with their biggest budget ever, hiring Spanish head coach Julen Lopetegui . Despite the signing of many new players, they failed to win any silverware, contributing to the biggest hiatus during Pinto da Costa's presidency. They also equalized, in terms of goals conceded, their biggest defeat in European competitions (6–1 against AEK Athens ) and suffered their biggest defeat in

7670-626: The Champions League knockout stage, reaching the quarter-finals in 2008–09 , where it was eliminated by holders Manchester United. The arrival of Mourinho's former assistant André Villas-Boas , in the spring of 2010, set the stage for a highly successful 2010–11 season, which began with a 2–0 victory over Benfica for the Supertaça . Spearheaded by João Moutinho , Silvestre Varela , Falcao and Hulk (the Bola de Prata winner), Porto performed strongly in

7800-515: The Grand Master of the Order, i.e., the President of Portugal . The order includes several classes; in decreasing order of seniority, these are: There is also a Silver Medal ( Medalha de Prata – MedPIH) and a Gold Medal ( Medalha de Ouro – MedOIH). The special distinction of Grand Collar can be awarded only to heads of state. Ribbons and medals are characterized by equal stripes of blue, white and black (either horizontal or vertical) and

7930-435: The Portuguese cup along with it. However, despite their national success, FC Porto did not reach the group phase of the Champions League and did poorly in their Europa League campaign. In the 2020–21 UEFA Champions League round of 16, Porto won on away goals rule (4–4 on aggregate) against Juventus , to reach the quarter-finals. The season would, however, end with only one national trophy, the Supertaça . After having lost

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8060-431: The Portuguese cup for the second time in two years, continued failure to retake the league title led to the resignation of Santos at the end of the 2000–01 season. The appointment of former club player and assistant coach Octávio Machado to head Porto back to the league title appeared to pay off as the team began the season with a Supertaça win against the 2000–01 Primeira Liga winners, Boavista. However, this would be

8190-435: The Portuguese league winner, Porto made its debut in European competitions by qualifying for the 1956–57 European Cup . The club's first participation was short-lived, ending in the preliminary round with two defeats against Spanish champions Athletic Bilbao . A year later, Porto lifted its second Taça de Portugal by beating Benfica 1–0 in the final. In 1958, Béla Guttmann took charge as coach of Porto and helped them overhaul

8320-447: The Primeira Liga and assured its 25th title with five matches to play, after beating Benfica in its stadium. In addition, the club broke a number of records: biggest distance between champions and runners-up (21 points), the most consecutive league wins (16), and the highest percentage of points in a 30-game season (93.33%), dropping only six points and finishing the league without defeats, for the first time in its history. Eight years after

8450-615: The Soviet Union were successively eliminated as Porto advanced to its first European Cup final, against Bayern Munich . Trailing the Germans 1–0 until the 79th minute, Porto scored twice in two minutes – the first goal through a famous backheel from former Algerian international Rabah Madjer , who assisted Juary for the second – to secure a surprising win and the European Cup title. The following season, under new coach Tomislav Ivic ,

8580-569: The Taça de Portugal title , the team's failure to claim a fifth consecutive league – finishing third, outside the Champions League-qualifying places – and a 3–0 defeat against Benfica in the final of the Taça da Liga contributed to his resignation at the end of the season. A home win against Benfica prevented the rivals from celebrating the league title at the Estádio do Dragão . Under Ferreira's steering, Porto always qualified for

8710-609: The UEFA Champions League (6–1 against Bayern Munich , after the 5–0 loss against Arsenal in 2010). Porto continued their losing trend in the 2015–16 season , making it the second consecutive trophyless season, with the contribution of José Peseiro , who had replaced Julen Lopetegui in January 2016. After the season was over, Peseiro was replaced by Nuno Espírito Santo . In the 2017–18 season , after almost five years without winning any trophy, Porto won their 28th league title with

8840-471: The UEFA Super Cup, the Intercontinental Cup, and to have achieved a continental treble of domestic league, domestic cup and European titles (2002–03 and 2010–11). Porto have the third-most appearances in the UEFA Champions League group stage (23), behind Barcelona and Real Madrid (24). In UEFA, Porto ranks 9th in the all-time club ranking and also ranked 20th in the club coefficient rankings at

8970-563: The athletics and cycling track were concluded, setting the capacity to a new maximum of 95,000. As stadium safety regulations became stricter during the following decade, the placing of individual seats brought the capacity of the Estádio das Antas down to 55,000 by 1997. The awarding of the UEFA Euro 2004 hosting rights to Portugal in 1999 was the perfect opportunity for Porto to move into a more modern, functional and comfortable stadium, in line with

9100-429: The bottle. It can age as long as vintage ports and are very difficult to identify as LBVs when inserted into blind tastings of vintage ports. The filtered wine has the advantage of being ready to drink without decanting and is usually bottled in a stoppered bottle that can be easily resealed. However, many wine experts feel that this convenience comes at a price and believe that the filtration process strips out much of

9230-410: The character of the wine. Typically ready to drink when released, filtered LBV ports tend to be lighter-bodied than vintage ports. Filtered LBVs can improve with age, but only to a limited degree. Crusted port is usually a blend of several vintages. Unlike vintage port, which has to be sourced from grapes from a single vintage, crusted port affords the port blender the opportunity to make best use of

9360-399: The city in 1947. Designed by Portuguese architects Oldemiro Carneiro and Aires de Sá, the construction of the Estádio do Futebol Clube do Porto  – better known as Estádio das Antas (Antas Stadium) for the neighbourhood where it was built – began in January 1950, one month after the first stone was symbolically laid. Two years later, on 28 May 1952, the stadium was inaugurated with

9490-454: The club alongside Robson. In his presentation, Mourinho promptly showcased his personality by stating unequivocally that the club would win next season's league title. He kept true to his promise and delivered one of the club's most successful seasons. Fielding the likes of Deco , Ricardo Carvalho , Maniche , and less known players hired from other Portuguese clubs, such as Paulo Ferreira , Pedro Emanuel , Nuno Valente and Derlei , Porto won

9620-427: The club and crowned homegrown striker Fernando Gomes as Europe's top goalscorer for the second time, after first taking the award in 1983. Porto retained the league title in 1986, securing an entry to the 1986–87 European Cup . In the first game, the club recorded its biggest win in European competitions: 9–0 against Maltese side Rabat Ajax . Vítkovice of Czechoslovakia, Brøndby of Denmark, and Dynamo Kyiv of

9750-416: The club completed a treble of international trophies by beating Ajax for the 1987 European Super Cup and Uruguay's Peñarol for the 1987 Intercontinental Cup . The 1987–88 season was one of the most successful for the club, who also won the Taça de Portugal and an expanded 20-team Primeira Divisão with a record number of goals scored (88) and distance in points to the runners-up (15). In contrast to

9880-528: The club down to third place, resulting in the sacking of Fonseca. Failing to overcome the Champions League group stage , Porto reached the Europa League quarter-finals , where they lost 4–1 to the eventual winners Sevilla . In the following weeks, two semi-final losses against Benfica closed the doors to the finals of the Taça de Portugal and Taça da Liga , the latter at home on penalties. Porto started

10010-412: The club its 13th Supertaça. Weeks later, Porto failed to repeat this success in the 2003 UEFA Super Cup , losing 1–0 to Milan. The departure of striker Hélder Postiga was compensated by the signing of South Africa's Benni McCarthy , whose 20 league goals helped Porto in its league title defense and crowned him the competition's top scorer. Porto entered the 2003–04 UEFA Champions League directly into

10140-604: The club's fifth successive Primeira Divisão title (the Penta ) – a Portuguese football record. He accomplished this feat, becoming thereafter known as the " Penta engineer" (a pun to his academic degree), and saw Jardel's 36 goals win him the European Golden Shoe. Porto lost the chance to win its sixth straight league title, after finishing four points behind 1999–2000 Primeira Liga champions Sporting, but overcame them to lift its tenth Taça de Portugal trophy . Despite winning

10270-570: The club's first league goal. Robson's increasing health problems barred him from leading Porto in the first months of the 1995–96 season, but he returned in time to revalidate the league title. Striker Domingos Paciência became the club's top goalscorer for the second consecutive time and won that season's Bola de Prata , the last win by a Portuguese player. To fill the void left by the departure of Robson for Barcelona , Porto hired former club captain and Portugal national team manager António Oliveira . Under his command, Porto made history by winning

10400-411: The colors "should be those of the country's flag , and not of the city's flag", hoping that the club would "not only defend the good name of the city, but also that of Portugal, in sporting feuds against foreigners." In 1975, Adidas became the first sports apparel manufacturers to provide kits for the club. Eight years later, Porto became the first Portuguese team to have a shirt sponsor, after signing

10530-422: The contribution of coach Sérgio Conceição , a former player of the club. The following year, in the 2018–19 UEFA Champions League , Porto managed to reach the quarter-finals of the competition, but were defeated by 6–1 on aggregate against the eventual winners Liverpool . In the 2019–20 season , Porto managed to recapture the league title, winning it for the 29th time and added for the first time in eleven years

10660-403: The contribution of new signings Lucho González and Lisandro López led the club to not only retake the Primeira Liga title but also secure its fifth domestic double, after beating holders Vitória de Setúbal in the Taça de Portugal final . Adriaanse's domestic success did not transfer to the Champions League , as Porto finished in the bottom of its group. The club began the 2006–07 season with

10790-406: The demands of high-level international football. The club decided to build an entirely new ground and chose a site located a few hundreds of meters southeast of the Estádio das Antas. The project was commissioned to Portuguese architect Manuel Salgado, and construction took two years to complete at a cost of € 98 million. Baptised Estádio do Dragão (Dragon Stadium) by president Pinto da Costa, for

10920-403: The end of the 2022–23 season . The club was founded on 28 September 1893 as Foot-Ball Club do Porto by António Nicolau de Almeida, a local port wine merchant and avid sportsman, who became fascinated with football during his trips to England. Porto played its first matches with other Portuguese clubs, including one against Lisbon's Foot-Ball Club Lisbonense on 2 March 1894. This match had

11050-483: The first half of the 2020–21 edition. One week after the league's conclusion, they added the domestic cup , thus securing the second double in Conceição's reign. On January 28, 2023, still under Conceição, and on their fifth try, Porto won their first ever Taça da Liga title, defeating Sporting CP in the final , thus winning every national trophy available. On December 17, 2023, the team qualified (along with Benfica) to

11180-461: The first leg of the final of the inaugural Campeonato de Portugal in 1922, which Porto won 2–1 en route to its first national title. Since then, the clubs have met in 221 official matches, with 80 wins for Porto, 78 for Sporting CP and 63 draws. Despite the rivalry, both clubs formed an alliance against Benfica in 2017. The club also has a strong rivalry with city rivals Boavista , sometimes called Invicta derby . Former defender João Pinto holds

11310-473: The first of four consecutive Bola de Prata awards while at Porto. In Oliveira's second and last season at the club, Porto won the Primeira Divisão for the fourth straight season (the Tetra ), matching Sporting CP's achievement in the early 1950s, and secured its third double after beating Braga in the 1998 Taça de Portugal Final . For the 1998–99 season, Porto tasked Portuguese coach Fernando Santos with winning

11440-465: The following season, a second nationwide competition named "Campeonato da Primeira Liga" (English: Premier League Championship), or simply Primeira Liga , was provisionally established by the national federation to increase the number of matches per season and improve the competitiveness of Portuguese football. As the regional champion, Porto qualified for the first edition of the new round-robin competition, winning it with 10 victories in 14 matches. Due to

11570-538: The following years, the club began establishing its dominance in Portuguese football, at the expense of Benfica and Sporting, who had been the traditional powers since the 1940s. To Porto, the rivalry with Benfica is the strongest and most passionate, and it opposes the most representative football emblems from each city as well as the current most titled Portuguese clubs . The first match between Porto and Benfica – traditionally referred to as O Clássico (The Classic) – took place on 28 April 1912, and ended with

11700-518: The grapes used to produce port made in Portugal are strictly regulated by the Instituto do Vinho do Porto , wines from outside this region that describe themselves as port may be made from other varieties. In 2013, there were 8.7 million cases of port sold, 3.6% less than the previous year, at a value of $ 499 million. Port sales have been declining since 2005 and in 2014 were down 16% from that year. In 2023 about 7.2 million cases were sold, with

11830-432: The group stage. Porto finished second in its group, losing only once to Real Madrid , and advanced to the round-of-16 where they met Manchester United. After narrowly winning at home (2–1), Porto was on the verge of elimination, being behind by 1–0 till the last minute of official playtime at the second leg at Old Trafford . However, Porto scored the equalizer in the 90th minute of the second leg to draw 1–1 and to advance to

11960-400: The inaugural edition of the new league championship and successfully defended the title in the next season, despite almost failing to take part. The club failed to secure a third consecutive title, and after nearly missing again a place in the Primeira Divisão in 1941–42 , it would only return to a top-three finish in the 1946–47 season. In 1948, Porto defeated English champions Arsenal 3–2 in

12090-671: The inaugural staging of the Portuguese Super Cup, the Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira . Pedroto returned in April 1982 by the hand of the club's newly elected president Jorge Nuno Pinto da Costa , who had resigned as director of football, two years before, in solidarity with the coach. The previous month, Porto fell again in the Cup Winners' Cup quarter-finals against one of the eventual finalists, but needed only two years to finally reach

12220-399: The initiative of Monteiro da Costa, Porto stipulated in its first statutes that the players had to use "a shirt with blue vertical stripes, black shorts, and personal footwear" as the club's uniform, at every training and match. Some argued that the kit should have included the city colours, green and white. Monteiro da Costa, however, defended the blue-and-white combination because he believed

12350-470: The mythological creature placed atop the club's crest, it was officially inaugurated on 16 November 2003 with a match against Barcelona. Porto won 2–0 in front of a record 52,000 spectators, which also witnessed the professional debut of Lionel Messi . In June 2004, the venue hosted the opening ceremony and match of the UEFA Euro 2004, and four other tournament matches. The highest attendance in an official match

12480-458: The national title to Sporting in the previous season, Porto's 2021–22 season saw them reach various successes at domestic level: with Conceição at the helm for the 5th season in a row, the team recaptured the Primeira Liga , achieving a record 91 points. During the season, the Dragons also set a new record for longest unbeaten run in the league, with 58 matches, a sequence that had been started during

12610-422: The only major achievement in a lacklustre season that would culminate with a third place in the league classification – the lowest in 20 years. The elimination from the 2001–02 Taça de Portugal , four days after losing away for the Primeira Liga, precipitated the sacking of Machado after 36 matches in charge. Two days later, Porto signed União de Leiria 's coach, José Mourinho , who had previously worked for

12740-440: The other Big Three members and regular league title contenders, Benfica and Sporting CP. They stem from the historical, political, economical and cultural clash between the cities of Porto and Lisbon, where the other two clubs are based. These rivalries became more intense in the past decades, particularly since Pinto da Costa assumed Porto's presidency in 1982 and adopted a regionalistic and confrontational speech towards Lisbon. In

12870-481: The patronage of King Carlos I and Queen Amélie of Orléans , who travelled to Porto to witness the event and present a trophy to the winners. Almeida's enthusiasm and involvement with the club waned due to family pressure, and by the turn of the century, Porto had entered a period of inactivity. In 1906, José Monteiro da Costa returned to Porto after finishing his studies in England. Like Almeida, thirteen years before, he

13000-466: The pitch area to match the sport's official dimensions. The ground had capacity for 600 people, including a VIP tribune, and possessed a changing room equipped with showers and sinks, a bar and a gym. The first match between Porto and a foreign team took place at the Campo da Raínha , on 15 December 1907, when the hosts played Spanish side Real Fortuna. By 1911, the Campo da Raínha was becoming too small for

13130-404: The previous season, Porto failed to win a trophy in 1988–89, with many of its players struck down with injuries, such as Madjer and Gomes. Fifteen years after his first-team debut, Gomes made his last season for Porto, where he became the all-time top goalscorer with 352 goals in 455 matches. The club brought back Artur Jorge, who recovered the Primeira Divisão title in the following season and added

13260-476: The product that they purchased the abbot's entire lot and shipped it home. Port became very popular in England after the Methuen Treaty of 1703, when merchants were permitted to import it at a low duty, while war with France deprived English wine drinkers of French wine . British importers could be credited for recognising that a smooth, already fortified wine that would appeal to English palates would survive

13390-508: The product was brought to market or for export to other countries in Europe. The Douro valley where port wine is produced was defined and established as a protected region, and the name Douro thus an official appellation , in 1756, making it the third oldest wine after Chianti (1716) and Tokaj (1730). The reaches of the valley of the Douro River in northern Portugal have a microclimate that

13520-438: The promotion of several B team and U-19 players to the main team, and the creation of initiatives to bring the fans closer to the club. The club's first crest was created in 1910 and consisted of an old blue football with white seams bearing the club name's initials in white. On 26 October 1922, the crest was changed to its present-day appearance after the club approved a design by Augusto Baptista Ferreira (nicknamed "Simplício"),

13650-464: The protected geographic indication. In 1678, a Liverpool wine merchant sent two new representatives to Viana do Castelo , north of Oporto, to learn the wine trade. While on a vacation in the Douro, the two gentlemen visited the Abbot of Lamego, who treated them to a "very agreeable, sweetish and extremely smooth" wine, which had been fortified with a distilled spirit. The two Englishmen were so pleased with

13780-410: The quarter-finals with a 3–2 aggregate win. The team then overcame Lyon and Deportivo La Coruña to reach the Champions League final . Porto defeated Monaco 3–0 to lift the club's second European Champion Clubs' Cup . A 2–1 loss to Benfica in the Taça de Portugal final , held 10 days before, prevented another treble-winning season. The successful European performances of Mourinho's Porto enhanced

13910-458: The rapidly growing attendances. After being notified about the sale of the ground for construction of a factory, the club searched for a new ground and rented a terrain near the Constituição street for an annual fee of 350 $ 00. The Campo da Constituição (Constitution Field) was opened in January 1913 with a match against Oporto Cricket and Lawn Tennis Club and hosted Porto's home matches for

14040-473: The record for most matches played in all competitions (587) and in the Primeira Liga (408), while former goalkeeper Vítor Baía has the most appearances in international competitions (99). Baía is also the most titled player, having won 25 trophies during his career in Porto. Portuguese striker Fernando Gomes is the all-time club goalscorer in all competitions (352), having also scored the most league goals (288). In European competitions, Porto's record goalscorer

14170-425: The regional championship. Eventually, the larger capacity of this ground also became insufficient for the ever-increasing crowds attending the games, particularly against high-profile opponents. On several occasions, between the 1920s and 1940s, Porto played host to matches at the Campo do Ameal (Ameal Field) or the Estádio do Lima (Lima Stadium), home of local rivals Sport Progresso and Académico , respectively. It

14300-438: The reputations of the coach and players like Carvalho, Ferreira and Deco, all of whom left the club in the aftermath of the Champions League victory. The following season was an atypical one, as the club had three coaches: Luigi Delneri , Víctor Fernández and José Couceiro . Under Férnandez, Porto won the 2004 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira and the 2004 Intercontinental Cup , but lost the 2004 UEFA Super Cup to Valencia and

14430-638: The rule of the Marquis of Pombal , the Companhia Geral da Agricultura das Vinhas do Alto Douro (C.G.A.V.A.D., also known as the General Company of Viticulture of the Upper Douro or Douro Wine Company ), was founded to guarantee the quality of the product and fair pricing to the end consumer. The C.G.A.V.A.D. was also in charge of regulating which port wine would be for export or internal consumption and managing

14560-399: The season with a victory over Sporting CP in the Taça de Portugal final . In Robson's first full season, Porto claimed the 1994–95 Primeira Divisão title with a win at Sporting CP's ground and played Benfica four times to secure both the 1993 and 1994 stagings of the Supertaça. The beginning of the season had been clouded by the death of 26-year-old midfielder Rui Filipe , who had scored

14690-402: The second phase of maturation, certain oils may precipitate, causing a film to form across the surface of the glass. Confusingly, the word Garrafeira may also be found on some very old tawny labels, where the contents of the bottle are of exceptional age. White port is made from white grapes, such as Malvasia Fina , Donzelinho , Gouveio , Codega and Rabigato , Taylor introduced Chip Dry,

14820-407: The success of its format, the Primeira Liga was made an official championship competition for the 1938–39 season – its name changed to "Campeonato Nacional da Primeira Divisão" (English: First Division National Championship) or simply Primeira Divisão – and replaced the Campeonato de Portugal, which in turn was converted into the Taça de Portugal , the main domestic cup competition. Porto won

14950-454: The varying characteristics of different vintages. Crusted port is bottled unfiltered and sealed with a driven cork. Like vintage port, it needs to be decanted before drinking. Vintage ports may be aged in barrels or stainless steel for a maximum of two and a half years before bottling, and generally require another 10 to 40 years of aging in the bottle before reaching what is considered a proper drinking age. Since they are potentially aged in

15080-929: The village of Barqueiros (about 70 km (43 mi) upstream from Porto), the valley extends eastward almost to the Spanish border. The region is protected from the influences of the Atlantic Ocean by the Serra do Marão mountains. The area is subdivided into three official zones: the Baixo (lower) Corgo, the Cima (higher) Corgo, and the Douro Superior. Over a hundred varieties of grapes ( castas ) are sanctioned for port production, although only five ( Tinta Barroca , Tinto Cão , Tinta Roriz ( Tempranillo ), Touriga Francesa , and Touriga Nacional ) are widely cultivated and used. Touriga Nacional

15210-535: The vintage of a single quinta, e.g., the 1996 Dow's Quinta do Bomfim and Taylor's Quinta de Vargellas. Some houses declare their wines in all but the worst years: Quinta do Vesuvio has declared a vintage every year with the exceptions of 1993, 2002, and 2014. Improved wine-making technologies and better weather forecasts during the harvest have increased the number of years in which a vintage can be declared. Although there have been years when only one or two wines have been declared, it has been over thirty years since there

15340-522: The vintage, but one style is fined and filtered before bottling, while the other is not. The accidental origin of late bottled vintage has led to more than one company claiming its invention. The earliest known reference to a style of port with this name in a merchant's list is to be found in The Wine Society's catalogue from 1964, which includes Fonseca's Quinta Milieu 1958, bottled in the UK, also in 1964. By

15470-445: The way, but suffered its heaviest defeat (6–1) against AEK Athens in the subsequent season's European Cup . A poor run of performances in the latter part of the season – resulting in the loss of the league and cup titles – sparked a conflict between the technical staff and president Américo de Sá, which ended with the resignation of Pedroto and his replacement by Hermann Stessl . In December 1981, Porto overcame Benfica to win

15600-482: The wine was taken downriver in flat-bottom boats called ' barcos rabelos ', to be processed and stored. In the 1950s and 1960s, several hydroelectric power dams were built along the river, ending this traditional conveyance. Currently, the wine is transported from the vineyards by tanker trucks and the barcos rabelos are only used for racing and other displays. Port wine is typically richer, sweeter, heavier, and higher in alcohol content than unfortified wines. This

15730-431: Was a year with no declarations at all. 2016 was declared a vintage year by most producers, as was 2011. The quality of the grape harvest was attributed to ideal rainfall and temperature. Other recent widely declared vintage years were 2007, 2003, 2000, 1997 and 1994. The wine-producing Douro region is the third oldest protected wine region in the world after Chianti , in 1716, and Tokaj , in 1730. In 1756, during

15860-415: Was able to revalidate the Primeira Liga title, but was eliminated prematurely from the Taça and Champions League competitions. Transferred to the Europa League , Porto failed to defend its title after being knocked out by Manchester City. In the following season, the club went a stage further in both domestic cup competitions and in the Champions League, where it fell to Málaga in the last-16 round . In

15990-563: Was also captivated by the English game, and together with some associates, decided to reintroduce the practice of football in the city, outside of the British circles. On 2 August 1906, Porto was revived and Monteiro da Costa appointed its president. Although football was the driving force, the club also promoted other sports, including gymnastics, weightlifting and wrestling, athletics and swimming. Shortly after, Porto rented its first ground and recruited

16120-444: Was elected the 32º president of Futebol Clube do Porto, succeeding Jorge Nuno Pinto da Costa. He won 80% of the election, with 21,489 out of 26,876 votes. Villas-Boas was keen on making immediate changes at the club, starting with selecting a new coach, Vitor Bruno , who had previously served as the assistant coach under Sérgio Conceição at Porto. Villas-Boas introduced the first women's football team to represent FC Porto, incentivized

16250-413: Was eliminated prematurely in the 2004–05 Taça de Portugal . Recording only 17 wins in 34 matches, Porto lost the Primeira Liga title to Benfica by three points. During this period, Porto was directly involved in the corruption scandal Apito Dourado . In 2005–06, Dutch coach Co Adriaanse was picked to reorganise the team and return the club to the top of Portuguese football. His tactical discipline and

16380-399: Was fined €150,000 and punished with the loss of six points, while Pinto da Costa was suspended for two years. Porto did not appeal the decision. Having claimed a sixth league and cup double in the 2008–09 season, Porto was on course to emulate the Penta of the late 1990s, but the series was broken by Benfica in the following season . Although Ferreira won his first Supertaça and defended

16510-401: Was in the latter ground that the club achieved their most important victory at the time, as they beat English champions Arsenal 3–2 in a friendly match on 7 May 1948. In 1933, Porto approved a plan to build a new stadium to accommodate and meet the demands of larger attendances, but the project only moved forward with the purchase of 48,000 square metres (12 acres) of land in the eastern side of

16640-405: Was located near the residence of Monteiro da Costa and was the property of the city's horticultural society. Aided by his father, a horticultor by profession, Monteiro da Costa rented a portion (30 by 50 meters) of uncultivated terrain to create the first dedicated football pitch in the country. Later that year, the society's vivaria were transferred to another location, allowing Porto to increase

16770-421: Was only secured in a frantic final day, as Porto finished one point above Sporting and two above Benfica. The following season, the club achieved the Tri for the second time in its history – with López clinching the top goalscorer award – but lost the Taça and Supertaça finals to Sporting CP. In May 2008, as result of Apito Dourado, a legal investigation on match fixing in Portuguese football, Porto

16900-501: Was registered on 21 April 2004, when 50,818 people saw Porto draw Deportivo La Coruña without goals, for the first leg of the 2003–04 UEFA Champions League semi-finals. For safety reasons, its current capacity is limited to 50,431. On 28 September 2013 The FC Porto Museum was inaugurated, on occasion of the club's 120th anniversary. The museum includes an auditorium, a club store, a coffeehouse, and spaces for educational services and temporary exhibitions. Porto's biggest rivalries are with

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