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68-482: The Evanston Library Association was founded in 1870. The library itself was established in 1873 and Thomas J. Kellan was appointed the library's first librarian in 1874. In 1893 the library moved to the second floor of the new Village Hall in 1893 and the library's collection was reorganized according to the new Dewey Decimal Classification system in 1896. In 1908 the library moved to its current location at 1703 Orrington Avenue. Two additional branches were later added –

136-464: A "sun" sequence, and below by a succession of terrazzo floor graphics. It is inspired by the paintings of Grant Wood , and by compositional strategies employed in Japanese woodblock prints ( ukiyo-e , literally "floating world"). Midway Airport / Chicago, Illinois This 28-foot (8.5 m) sculpture of a red cardinal is made of around 1,800 handcrafted small sculptures of aircraft. Rara Avis

204-1000: A BA in American Studies from the University of Michigan . He studied at the Skowhegan School of Painting and Sculpture , and then earned an MFA in sculpture from a joint program at the School of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston and Tufts University . As a child then a student, he was very influenced by the science and the design of the Foucault pendulum and Muybridge’s sequential photos . Helmick has created over 50 complex, layered sculpture commissions, working in various materials (metal, stained glass, cast resin, found objects) to realize large-scale public artworks in courthouses, parks, airports, schools, hospitals, museums, and other civic spaces across

272-472: A children's storytime led by people with developmental disabilities from nearby Misericordia Home, plus book clubs, health and wellness programming, legal help, mini-courses with Northwestern University faculty, plant swaps and many, many more. The library's collection contains more than a million volumes, including books, DVDs, CDs, downloadable eBooks, audiobooks and films, and a small Library of Things. The library uses CollectionHQ software to track and improve

340-485: A classification for general libraries, with the Library of Congress Classification having gained acceptance for large research libraries. The first electronic version of "Dewey" was created in 1993. Hard-copy editions continue to be issued at intervals; the online WebDewey and Abridged WebDewey are updated quarterly. Dewey and a small editorial staff managed the administration of the very early editions. Beginning in 1922,

408-650: A fun and interactive environment for kids of all ages. Also available for children are a number of kid-friendly programs and activities that the library has featured everyday, from storytime to art projects. In 2007 the Evanston Public Library opened the Teen Loft, a space dedicated specifically to teenage library users. The Loft offers a space for teenagers to study, read, or relax after a long day at school. Computers, WiFi, 3D Printers, and plenty of couches are available as well as private study rooms for those who need

476-491: A library in their appropriate location based on subject. It was first published in the United States by Melvil Dewey in 1876. Originally described in a 44-page pamphlet, it has been expanded to multiple volumes and revised through 23 major editions, the latest printed in 2011. It is also available in an abridged version suitable for smaller libraries. OCLC , a non-profit cooperative that serves libraries, currently maintains

544-466: A renewed connection to Nature. The McGovern Institute for Brain Research at MIT/ Cambridge, Massachusetts One hundred unique sculptures of neurons are suspended in the 3-story entrance of this world class research institute. Executed in different configurations and a range of sizes, they cascade in a seemingly random array, their gold-leafed surfaces reflecting light throughout the space. When viewed from

612-467: A single perspective on the balcony, the forms optically cohere into a macroscopic rendering of a human brain. Biorenewables Complex, Iowa State University / Ames, Iowa This three-story suspended sculpture uses eight laser-cut steel panels to depict changing horizons that illustrate the evolution of agriculture from the nineteenth-century to the modern day. These historical panels are interspersed with abstract perforated "mist" layers, and framed above by

680-514: A variant of this same title. Dewey modified and expanded his system considerably for the second edition. In an introduction to that edition Dewey states that "nearly 100 persons hav [spelling of 'have' per English-language spelling reform , which Dewey championed] contributed criticisms and suggestions". One of the innovations of the Dewey Decimal system was that of positioning books on the shelves in relation to other books on similar topics. When

748-448: A year for all ages, interests, and abilities. Programs range from one-on-one technology help to the popular Mission Impossible Book Club that tackles the collected works of significant authors over the course of a year. Like the library's collection, programming is designed to reflect the diversity of the community, and include bilingual storytimes, adult literacy programs, citywide challenges to attract BIPOC youth and girls into STEM fields,

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816-595: Is a large-scale sculptural bust of Arthur Fiedler , the late conductor of the Boston Pops Orchestra , formed from stacked aluminum plates. The sculpture is located on an island across from the Hatch Shell , the site of many concerts conducted by Fiedler. The art critic Sebastian Smee cites it as an example of high quality public art in Boston. Helmick and artist-engineer Stuart Schechter (1958- ) collaborated on

884-564: Is not known who received copies or how many commented as only one copy with comments has survived, that of Ernest Cushing Richardson . His classification system was mentioned in an article in the first issue of the Library Journal and in an article by Dewey in the Department of Education publication Public Libraries in America in 1876. In March 1876, he applied for, and received, copyright on

952-544: Is used in 200,000 libraries in at least 135 countries. Melvil Dewey (1851–1931) was an American librarian and self-declared reformer. He was a founding member of the American Library Association and can be credited with the promotion of card systems in libraries and business. He developed the ideas for his library classification system in 1873 while working at the Amherst College library. He applied

1020-771: The GSA National Design Honor Award for Art in 2000. Lady Bird Lake / Austin, Texas Stevie Ray Vaughan Memorial commemorates Vaughan , the blues guitarist. It features a realistic figure of the musician in a meditative pose, with a shadow of the musician playing the guitar. It is installed at Auditorium Shores on Lady Bird Lake, where Vaughan performed many concerts. It is one of the city's most popular tourist attractions, and has been awarded "Best Public Artwork in Austin" by The Austin Chronicle multiple times. Charles River Esplanade / Boston, Massachusetts This

1088-629: The Library of Congress and partly at OCLC. Their work is reviewed by the Decimal Classification Editorial Policy Committee, a ten-member international board which meets twice each year. The four-volume unabridged edition was published approximately every six years, with the last edition (DDC 23) published in mid-2011. In 2017 the editorial staff announced that the English edition of DDC will no longer be printed, in favor of using

1156-822: The North Carolina Museum of Art ; Landing at the Seattle-Tacoma International Airport ; Heart and Mind at the Oregon Institute of Technology . In 2019 The Constellation won the prestigious CODAaward for International Institutional Artwork. He was a 2009 Artist-in-Residence at the  McColl Center for Art + Innovation  in Charlotte, NC. In 2014, he juried the Public Art Network Year in Review. His own commissions had been awarded

1224-602: The 14th edition. Milton Ferguson functioned as editor from 1949 to 1951. The 16th edition in 1958 was edited under an agreement between the Library of Congress and Forest Press, with David Haykin as director. Editions 16–19 were edited by Benjamin A. Custer and the editor of edition 20 was John P. Comaromi. Joan Mitchell was editor until 2013, covering editions 21 to 23. In 2013 Michael Panzer of OCLC became Editor-in-Chief. The Dewey Editorial Program Manager since 2016 has been Rebecca Green. Dewey himself held copyright in editions 1 to 6 (1876–1919). Copyright in editions 7–10

1292-488: The 290s. For example, Islam is under just DDC 297. The entire 200 section has remained largely unchanged since DDC 1, since restructuring would pose a significant amount of work for existing libraries. The motivation for this change is ideological rather than technical, as appending significant figures can add space as needed. It has also been argued by Hope A. Olson that the placement of topics related to women shows implicit bias , but this has been simpler to address than

1360-458: The ALA Division of Cataloging and Classification, and of the Library of Congress. Melvil Dewey edited the first three editions of the classification system and oversaw the revisions of all editions until his death in 1931. May Seymour became editor in 1891 and served until her death in 1921. She was followed by Dorcas Fellows , who was editor until her death in 1938. Constantin J. Mazney edited

1428-653: The DDC in favor of the Book Industry Standards and Communications ( BISAC ) system commonly used by commercial bookstores, in an effort to make its libraries more accessible for their users. Several other libraries across the United States and other countries (including Canada and the Netherlands) followed suit. In 1932, topics relating to homosexuality were first added to the system under 132 ( mental derangements ) and 159.9 ( abnormal psychology ). In 1952, homosexuality

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1496-526: The Dewey Decimal Classification came to the attention of the U.S. press when OCLC sued the Library Hotel for trademark infringement for using the classification system as the hotel theme. The case was settled shortly thereafter. The OCLC has maintained the classification since 1988, and also publishes new editions of the system. The editorial staff responsible for updates is based partly at

1564-637: The International Institute of Bibliography to later create an English version of the resulting classification, considering that a violation of their agreement, as well as a violation of Dewey's copyright. Shortly after Dewey's death in 1931, however, an agreement was reached between the committee overseeing the development of the Decimal Classification and the developers of the French Classification Decimal . The English version

1632-549: The Lake Placid Club Educational Foundation, a not-for-profit organization founded by Melvil Dewey, managed administrative affairs. The ALA set up a Special Advisory Committee on the Decimal Classification as part of the Cataloging and Classification division of ALA in 1952. The previous Decimal Classification Committee was changed to the Decimal Classification Editorial Policy Committee, with participation of

1700-680: The North, South, and West branches. In March 2011, the Mighty Twig volunteer-run library opened at 900 Chicago Avenue in Evanston, "as an experiment by Evanston Public Library Friends in response to the closing of the South Branch." Then, in August-September, 2012, the Evanston Public Library's Board voted to "begin formalizing relations with The Mighty Twig." The children's section of the library offers

1768-566: The PAN YiR on eight previous occasions. Helmick Sculpture is based in Newton , Massachusetts. Notre Dame Stadium, Notre Dame, IN The work consists of a reproduction of the campus landmark of the Main Building made up of 4,100 small pewter heads hung on 2,221 cables suspended from the ceiling. The pewter heads, which are silver except for the golden ones making up the dome, were created by scanning

1836-582: The South Branch (at 900 Chicago Avenue) in 1917 and the North Branch (at 2026 Central Street) in 1952 and in 1958 the City Planning Commission approved a proposal for a new building at Church and Orrington. In 1980, the library made online public access available to its patrons along with the introduction of two new rental options: the videocassette and duplicates of best selling books. The library moved into its newly finished building in 1994 and

1904-673: The US. His works play on human perception, and often employ anamorphosis , an optical phenomenon where images are resolved from a precise perspective. The dynamic relationship between science and art is a frequent inspiration for his designs. Helmick's award-winning works include the Arthur Fiedler Memorial on the Charles River Esplanade ; the Stevie Ray Vaughan Memorial at Austin's Auditorium Shores; Rabble at

1972-456: The advantages of relative positioning and of open shelf access for patrons. New editions were readied as supplies of previously published editions were exhausted, even though some editions provided little change from the previous, as they were primarily needed to fulfill demand. In the next decade, three editions followed closely on: the 3rd (1888), 4th (1891), and 5th (1894). Editions 6 through 11 were published from 1899 to 1922. The 6th edition

2040-818: The basis of the Universal Decimal Classification (UDC), which combines the basic Dewey numbers with selected punctuation marks (comma, colon, parentheses, etc.). Adaptations of the system for specific regions outside the English-speaking world include the Korean Decimal Classification , the New Classification Scheme for Chinese Libraries , and the Nippon Decimal Classification in Japan. Despite its widespread use,

2108-584: The centerpiece of The Founder’s Memorial Park in Abu Dhabi, a permanent national tribute to the UAE’s founding father, Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan [1918-2004], a transformative leader who championed peace, tolerance, women’s rights and the environment. Tampa International Airport/ Tampa, Florida A streamlined sculpture of an adult leatherback sea turtle floats beneath a cloud of small hatchlings that articulate

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2176-563: The class 330.94 European economy. Or one could combine the class 973 (for the United States) + .05 (for periodical publications on the topic) to arrive at the number 973.05 for periodicals concerning the United States generally. The classification also makes use of mnemonics in some areas, such that the number 5 represents the country Italy in classification numbers like 945 (history of Italy), 450 (Italian language), and 195 (Italian philosophy). The combination of faceting and mnemonics makes

2244-484: The classes explicitly in the schedules. Over time it added some aspects of a faceted classification scheme, allowing classifiers to construct a number by combining a class number for a topic with an entry from a separate table. Tables cover commonly used elements such as geographical and temporal aspects, language, and bibliographic forms. For example, a class number could be constructed using 330 for economics + .9 for geographic treatment + .04 for Europe to create

2312-501: The classification synthetic in nature, with meaning built into parts of the classification number. The Dewey Decimal Classification has a number for all subjects, including fiction, although many libraries maintain a separate fiction section shelved by alphabetical order of the author's surname. Each assigned number consists of two parts: a class number (from the Dewey system) and a book number, which "prevents confusion of different books on

2380-578: The classification has been criticized for its complexity and its limited capability for amendment. This is particularly demonstrated with the literature section (800s): literature in European languages takes the entire range from 810 through 889, while the entire rest of the world's literature is relegated to the 890s. In 2007–08, the Maricopa County Library District in Arizona abandoned

2448-444: The classification to date had led to significant criticism from medium and large libraries which were too large to use the abridged edition but found the full classification overwhelming. Dewey had intended issuing the classification in three editions: the library edition, which would be the fullest edition; the bibliographic edition, in English and French, which was to be used for the organization of bibliographies rather than of books on

2516-455: The classification to the books in that library, until in 1876 he had a first version of the classification. In 1876, he published the classification in pamphlet form with the title A Classification and Subject Index for Cataloguing and Arranging the Books and Pamphlets of a Library. He used the pamphlet, published in more than one version during the year, to solicit comments from other librarians. It

2584-407: The degree that they can be expanded in linear fashion to cover special aspects of general subjects. A library assigns a classification number that unambiguously locates a particular volume in a position relative to other books in the library, on the basis of its subject. The number makes it possible to find any book and to return it to its proper place on the library shelves. The classification system

2652-421: The diversity of the authors and stories represented in the collection. In 2019, the library halted book sales. Those wishing to donate books to the library may do so through a green Better World Books donation bin on the side of the library, with a portion of proceeds benefitting the library. The library has a variety of different art forms all over the library. Prominently displayed occupying several stories of

2720-489: The editorial body was the Decimal Classification Editorial Policy Committee with participation of the American Library Association (ALA), Library of Congress , and Forest Press. By the 14th edition in 1942, the Dewey Decimal Classification index was over 1,900 pages in length and was published in two volumes. On September 2, 1933 Miss Caroline Fisher brings the Dewey Decimal System to Maycomb, Alabama. The growth of

2788-508: The entrance to the VA’s Polytrauma & Blind Rehabilitation Center. While from a distance one’s first impression is of a vast linear abstraction, graphic clues soon give way to recognition of overlapping local plant and animal forms. At once serious and sly, sophisticated and innocent, Field Guide aims to promote contemplation on several levels, offering a challenge in which viewers can find aesthetic engagement, intellectual stimulation, and

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2856-542: The entry is "Ghostwriter" – a suspended wire sculpture by Ralph Helmick and Stuart Schechter that can be seen from every floor of the library. 42°02′54″N 87°40′48″W  /  42.0484°N 87.6801°W  / 42.0484; -87.6801 Dewey Decimal Classification The Dewey Decimal Classification ( DDC ), colloquially known as the Dewey Decimal System , is a proprietary library classification system which allows new books to be added to

2924-685: The falcons nest, any babies that successfully hatch are banded by the Field Museum. As of 2023, the current pair that has chosen the library are named Coach Kevin (from the Hilton Garden Inn in Chicago) and Teca (from Carmeuse Lime Plant in Gary, Indiana). The public can follow the falcons' many adventures on the FalconCam during the spring nesting season. The Evanston Public Library offers more than 1,000 programs

2992-535: The first edition of the index. The edition was 44 pages in length, with 2,000 index entries, and was printed in 200 copies. The second edition of the Dewey Decimal system, published in 1885 with the title Decimal Classification and Relativ Index for arranging, cataloging, and indexing public and private libraries and for pamflets, clippings, notes, scrap books, index rerums, etc. , comprised 314 pages, with 10,000 index entries. Five hundred copies were produced. Editions 3–14, published between 1888 and 1942, used

3060-742: The frequently updated WebDewey. An experimental version of Dewey in RDF was previously available at dewey.info beginning in 2009, but has not been available since 2015. In addition to the full version, a single-volume abridged edition designed for libraries with 20,000 titles or fewer has been made available since 1895. The last printed English abridged edition, Abridged Edition 15, was published in early 2012. The Dewey Decimal Classification organizes library materials by discipline or field of study. The scheme comprises ten classes , each divided into ten divisions, each having ten sections. The system's notation uses Indo-Arabic numbers, with three whole numbers making up

3128-681: The library celebrated its 150th anniversary in 2023. The Evanston Public Library has a Main Library, located at 1703 Orrington Avenue, and the Robert Crown Branch Library, located in the Robert Crown Community Center at 1801 Main Street. The Robert Crown Branch was opened in 2020 in response to an equity audit and plan that prioritized resourcing Evanston's historically underserved neighborhoods and reduced costs by co-locating in city-owned facilities. Previous branches included

3196-648: The likeness of students, staff and faculty members. The work is meant to symbolize the diversity and cohesion of the community. The scans were conducted in November 2017 and the work installed in October 2018. Edifice hangs on the second floor of the Duncan Student Center, which is part of the Notre Dame stadium. The Founder’s Memorial Park, Abu Dhabi, UAE The Constellation is a monumental public artwork that forms

3264-427: The main classes and sub-classes and decimals designating further divisions. The classification structure is hierarchical and the notation follows the same hierarchy. Libraries not needing the full level of detail of the classification can trim right-most decimal digits from the class number to obtain more general classifications. For example: The classification was originally enumerative, meaning that it listed all of

3332-423: The needs of the very largest or of special libraries. It also reduced the size of the Dewey system by over half, from 1,900 to 700 pages. This revision was so radical that an advisory committee was formed right away for the 16th and 17th editions. The 16th and 17th editions, under the editorship of the Library of Congress, grew again to two volumes. However, by then, the Dewey Decimal system had established itself as

3400-402: The official direction states: Use 616.8583 for homosexuality only when the work treats homosexuality as a medical disorder, or focuses on arguing against the views of those who consider homosexuality to be a medical disorder. The top-level class for religion heavily favors Christianity , dedicating nearly all of the 200 division to it: the world's thousands of other religions were listed under

3468-415: The possibility of translating the classification into French, and using the classification system for bibliographies (as opposed to its use for books in libraries). This would have required some changes to the classification, which was under copyright. Dewey gave permission for the creation of a version intended for bibliographies, and also for its translation into French. Dewey did not agree, however, to allow

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3536-406: The quiet. The Loft offers an array of programming aimed specifically at Teens with a special emphasis on STEM activities. The Loft also runs a successful Gender/Sexuality Alliance that encourages LGBTQIA+ community building, advocacy, and education. In addition to programming the staff at The Loft works closely with ETHS, District 65, Y.O.U., and many other community enrichment groups to help ensure

3604-408: The religion schema. Some changes made so far have been in numerical proximity, altering the placement of topics relative to each other. For example, in older versions of the DDC, some categories regarding women were adjacent to categories on etiquette ; the placement of these categories next to each other imposed an association of etiquette with women, rather than treating it as gender-neutral . This

3672-428: The same form at a larger scale. This “double portrait” illustrates biological fact (the multitude of newborns from which a single individual may survive to adulthood) while simultaneously evoking an intergenerational spiritual connection. Nature and Spirit. Polytrauma & Blind Rehabilitation Center/ Veterans Administration Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California An epic latticework screen stands outside

3740-407: The same subject". A common form of the book number is called a Cutter number , which represents the author and distinguishes the book from other books on the same topic. (From DDC 23 ) (From DDC 23 ) The Relative Index (or, as Dewey spelled it, "Relativ Index") is an alphabetical index to the classification, for use both by classifiers and by library users when seeking books by topic. The index

3808-400: The shelf; and the abridged edition. In 1933, the bibliographic edition became the Universal Decimal Classification , which left the library and abridged versions as the formal Dewey Decimal Classification editions. The 15th edition, edited by Milton Ferguson , implemented the growing concept of the "standard edition", designed for the majority of general libraries but not attempting to satisfy

3876-403: The success of Evanston teens. The Loft's design team won the biennial American Library Association /International Interior Design Association interior design award. The award honors libraries that demonstrate artistic creativity with their choice of design, aesthetics and overall client satisfaction. Peregrine falcons have chosen to nest atop a column on the library since 2004. On years when

3944-505: The system and licenses online access to WebDewey , a continuously updated version for catalogers . The decimal number classification introduced the concepts of relative location and relative index . Libraries previously had given books permanent shelf locations that were related to the order of acquisition rather than topic. The classification's notation makes use of three-digit numbers for main classes, with fractional decimals allowing expansion for further detail. Numbers are flexible to

4012-421: The system was first introduced, most libraries in the US used fixed positioning: each book was assigned a permanent shelf position based on the book's height and date of acquisition. Library stacks were generally closed to all but the most privileged patrons, so shelf browsing was not considered of importance. The use of the Dewey Decimal system increased during the early 20th century as librarians were convinced of

4080-420: Was "relative" because the index entries pointed to the class numbers, not to the page numbers of the printed classification schedule. In this way, the Dewey Decimal Classification itself had the same relative positioning as the library shelf and could be used either as an entry point to the classification, by catalogers, or as an index to a Dewey-classed library itself. Dewey Decimal Classification numbers formed

4148-399: Was also included under 301.424 (the study of sexes in society). In 1989, it was added to 363.49 ( social problems ), a classification that continues in the current edition. In 1996, homosexuality was added to 306.7 ( sexual relations ); this remains the preferred location in the current edition. Although books can also be found under 616.8583 (sexual practices viewed as medical disorders),

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4216-651: Was changed in DDC version 17, in 1965. Ralph Helmick Ralph Helmick (born 1952) is an American sculptor and public artist . Helmick was born in Pittsburgh, PA, the middle of three sons of an electrical engineer and a homemaker. While in elementary school he partook in the Carnegie Museum’s renowned Tam O’Shanter art classes for children, whose alumni include Andy Warhol, Annie Dillard, Philip Pearlstein and Jonathan Borofsky. His family later moved to Williamsville, NY, outside Buffalo. Helmick received

4284-417: Was held by the publisher, The Library Bureau. On the death of May Seymour, Dewey conveyed the "copyrights and control of all editions" to the Lake Placid Club Educational Foundation, a non-profit chartered in 1922. The Online Computer Library Center of Dublin, Ohio , US, acquired the trademark and copyrights associated with the Dewey Decimal Classification system when it bought Forest Press in 1988. In 2003

4352-448: Was produced. The abridged edition generally parallels the full edition, and has been developed for most full editions since that date. By popular request, in 1930, the Library of Congress began to print Dewey Classification numbers on nearly all of its cards, thus making the system immediately available to all libraries making use of the Library of Congress card sets. Dewey's was not the only library classification available, although it

4420-574: Was published as the Universal Decimal Classification and is still in use today. According to a study done in 1927, the Dewey system was used in the US in approximately 96% of responding public libraries and 89% of the college libraries. After the death of Melvil Dewey in 1931, administration of the classification was under the Decimal Classification Committee of the Lake Placid Club Education Foundation, and

4488-405: Was published in a record 7,600 copies, although subsequent editions were much lower. During this time, the size of the volume grew, and edition 12 swelled to 1,243 pages, an increase of 25% over the previous edition. In response to the needs of smaller libraries which were finding the expanded classification schedules difficult to use, in 1894, the first abridged edition of the Dewey Decimal system

4556-505: Was recognized by the Public Art Network Year in Review in 2002. Melvin Price Federal Courthouse / E. St. Louis, Illinois This is a sculpture of two 15-foot (4.6 m) tall heads facing each other across a courthouse atrium, each composed of around 1,500 small sculptures. The design for this commission evolved in the wake of the acquittals of O. J. Simpson and the police who beat Rodney King . Jurisprudents received

4624-534: Was the most complete. Charles Ammi Cutter published the Expansive Classification in 1882, with initial encouragement from Melvil Dewey. Cutter's system was not adopted by many libraries, with one major exception: it was used as the basis for the Library of Congress Classification system. In 1895, the International Institute of Bibliography, located in Belgium and led by Paul Otlet , contacted Dewey about

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