121-809: The FIA Karting European Championship , officially known as the Mondokart.com FIA Karting European Championship for sponsorship reasons, is a kart racing competition organised by the CIK-FIA . Alongside the Karting World Championship , it is one of two major karting competitions sanctioned by the FIA. Several past champions have progressed to win the Formula One World Drivers' Championship , including Michael Schumacher , Jenson Button , Lewis Hamilton , Sebastian Vettel and Max Verstappen . As of 2024,
242-464: A European title, doing so in the 100cc class. The direct-drive category was contested under 100cc Intercontinental A (ICA) regulations until the introduction of the 135cc Formula K (FK) class in 1982, superseding ICA. The gearbox category has since been added, first contested in 1974 in the Formula C (FC) class and won by Dutch driver Aad van Daalen. Between 1979 and 1981, a secondary gearbox class (FC-2)
363-583: A Ferrari 1–2 finish and an early lead in the Constructors' Championship . A mistake and then a red flag in qualifying at the Australian Grand Prix meant he started in ninth place. He dropped places at the start and then spun into the gravel, ending his race on lap two. He crashed in qualifying for the Emilia Romagna Grand Prix and then a collision with Daniel Ricciardo ended his race at
484-629: A Formula One car came at the young drivers' test at Silverstone Circuit in July 2013, where he drove both the Toro Rosso STR8 and the Red Bull RB9 . Sainz confirmed that discussions had taken place with the struggling Caterham team for a race debut during the 2014 season but, ultimately, no agreement was reached. As a reward for his Formula Renault 3.5 Series title, Sainz drove the Red Bull RB10 in
605-800: A challenging start to his GP3 season. He then experienced a double retirement in Spa . He also missed the races in Moscow and Austria . However, he made a comeback in Hungary , securing a 7th-place finish in Race 1. In Race 2, he faced several issues and finished in 22nd place. In France, at the Circuit de Paul Ricard , he had another double retirement. In the last race weekend of the year in Catalunya , he retired in race 1 but managed to score 6th place. In 2014, he switched teams to DAMS . In
726-558: A final which last 20 minutes or more, with a variety of point scoring calculations to determine the event's overall winner. Typical duration does not normally exceed 25 minutes. Here, speed and successful passing is of the most importance. It normally occurs in the format of qualifying, one to three heats and a final race for trophy positions. Sprint Racing in the United States and Canada are held at three primary levels, club racing (local races at purpose-built tracks), regional racing - like
847-470: A light and heavy category. Many people race worldwide in Spec series such as X30 125cc (a TaG class). As in other disciplines in motorsports, a license is required to drive a racing kart in competition. The licenses, issued by governing bodies, are provided by clubs or associations. Basic insurance coverage is usually included in the licence annual fee. In some countries, such as France , regulations require
968-465: A main direct-drive competition. Michael Schumacher won the 1987 ICA European Championship , going on to become the first European Champion to also win the Formula One World Drivers' Championship in 1994 . In 1989, Jos Verstappen became the first driver to win two European Championships in the same season with his wins in S100 and ICA, a feat only repeated in 2013 by his son Max . ICC replaced FC as
1089-505: A motorsport in itself, it is one of the sports regulated by FIA (under the name of CIK ), permitting licensed racing for anyone from the age of 8 onward. In the United States, there is not as much FIA involvement; instead, many organizations regulate racing, such as the IKF ( International Kart Federation ), WKA ( World Karting Association ), KART (Karters of America Racing Triad), USPKS (United States Pro Karting Series) SKUSA (SuperKartsUSA). In
1210-470: A move on Jack Harvey's ART car to move up into 7th place. Sainz eventually would finish in 7th place. However, post race investigating revealed that Sainz's car was underweight, so he was disqualified from the final results from race 2, thus scoring no points. His teammate, Kvyat, retired during the race due to contact with another driver. In Valencia, Sainz began, and finished, the race in 8th place. In race 2, he started in 4th place and got up to 3rd place by
1331-529: A penalty for an unsafe pit release. He started eighteenth at the Italian Grand Prix with an engine component penalty but recovered to finish fourth. At the rain-affected Japanese Grand Prix , he crashed out from third place on the opening lap. He claimed his third pole position at the United States Grand Prix , but retired with damage after being hit by George Russell at the first corner. After
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#17330853223901452-597: A penalty for overtaking during safety car conditions at the German Grand Prix . Sainz scored points at five of the next seven races, including a season's-best qualifying performance of fifth place at the Hungarian Grand Prix . Damage received from contact with Sergey Sirotkin on the first lap of the Russian Grand Prix resulted in a seventeenth-place finish. Battery issues caused Sainz's retirement from
1573-412: A personal computer equipped with a data analysis software. More sophisticated systems allow for more information such as lateral and longitudinal acceleration ( g-force ), throttle position, steering wheel position and brake pressure. Kart racing is generally accepted as the most economical form of motorsport available on four wheels. As a free-time activity, it can be performed by almost anybody, and as
1694-622: A pit stop with a loose wheel. Sainz ended the 2017 season ninth in the Drivers' Championship, scoring 54 points. Over the first eight races of 2018, Sainz qualified in the top ten at each of them and scored points in all but one, finishing eleventh at the Bahrain Grand Prix . These results included the Azerbaijan Grand Prix where he took advantage of a collision between Red Bull teammates Max Verstappen and Daniel Ricciardo to finish
1815-749: A pole position in the British championship, finishing sixth overall in the final championship standings. He scored two podiums and two pole positions in the Euro Series championship, finishing in ninth position overall. In 2013, Sainz signed with Arden to compete in the GP3 series. During the first qualifying session of the year, he qualified in 5th place, 5 tenths off of pole sitter Kevin Korjus . However, he, as well as Alex Fontana and Patrick Kujala , were penalised 10 places for ignoring yellow flags during free practice. During
1936-541: A possible 50. At the Nürburgring GP Circuit, he won race 1 but in race 2, he retired. In Hungary, he was no match for Roberto Merhi who led by half a minute from the rest of the field in the wet. Another 6th place followed in race 2. In France, he won and scored a total of 50 points to extend his championship lead over Merhi. Sainz became part of the Red Bull Junior Team in 2010. His first experience in
2057-593: A season-high position of fifth. Sainz described his Monaco Grand Prix as a "disaster" and criticised the team's tyre strategy having started eighth and finished tenth. He had run in sixth place for much of the French Grand Prix but dropped to eighth place at the finish after his MGU-K failed. Three races without points followed, including a race-ending crash with Romain Grosjean at the British Grand Prix and
2178-606: A stiffer chassis is preferable, while in wet or other poor traction conditions, a more flexible chassis may work better. Temperature of the track can also affect handling and may prompt additional chassis adjustments. The best chassis allow for stiffening bars at the rear, front and side to be added or removed according to race conditions. Braking is achieved by a disc brake mounted on the rear axle. Front disc brakes are used in most shifter kart classes and are increasingly popular in other classes; however, certain classes do not allow them. Shifter karts have dual master cylinders, one for
2299-421: A transmission in the automotive power train or drive train. The transmission can: Karts do not have a differential . The lack of a differential means that one rear tire must slide while cornering. This is achieved by designing the chassis so that the inside rear tire lifts up slightly when the kart turns the corner. This allows the tire to lose some of its grip and slide or lift off the ground completely. Power
2420-604: A twelfth-place start at the Styrian Grand Prix to finish sixth. A collision with George Russell on the first lap of sprint qualifying at the British Grand Prix dropped Sainz to the back of the field, but he recovered places in sprint qualifying and in the race to finish sixth. Sainz crashed in qualifying for the Hungarian Grand Prix and started fifteenth. He finished fourth on track, but claimed his fourth career podium finish after Sebastian Vettel's disqualification. He achieved his then-career-best qualifying position at
2541-459: A winless season for Ferrari in 2021 , Sainz took his maiden pole position and win at the 2022 British Grand Prix . He would take further wins for Ferrari at Singapore in 2023 , as well as Australia and Mexico City in 2024 . As of the 2024 Qatar Grand Prix , Sainz has achieved four race wins, six pole positions, four fastest laps and 26 podiums in Formula One. Sainz will leave Ferrari at
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#17330853223902662-734: Is a motorsport discipline using open-wheel , four-wheeled vehicles known as go-karts or shifter karts. They are usually raced on scaled-down circuits , although some professional kart races are also held on full-size motorsport circuits. Karting is commonly perceived as the stepping stone to the higher ranks of motorsports, with most Formula One drivers—including Ayrton Senna , Michael Schumacher , Fernando Alonso , Kimi Räikkönen , Lewis Hamilton , Sebastian Vettel , Nico Rosberg , and Max Verstappen —having begun their careers in karting. Karts vary widely in speed, and some (known as superkarts ) can reach speeds exceeding 160 kilometres per hour (100 mph), while recreational go-karts intended for
2783-574: Is a Spanish racing driver , currently competing in Formula One for Ferrari . Sainz has won four Formula One Grands Prix across 10 seasons. Born in Madrid , Sainz is the son of two-time World Rally Champion Carlos Sainz . Graduating from karting to junior formulae in 2010, Sainz won his first championship at the 2011 Formula Renault 2.0 Northern European Cup . After racing in British Formula 3 ,
2904-949: Is held annually and lasts 24 hours with multiple classes participating. This event is hosted by the Prokart SSS Club near Johannesburg. The most popular class runs the Honda GX390 four-stroke engine, which is both affordable and durable, keeping running costs to a minimum. The Prokart Super Single Series, also known as Prokart SSS, has been running for more than 20 years and has proven to be a very popular entry platform for drivers of all ages who want to get into karting. Many clubs worldwide have taken on four-stroke endurance karting for this reason, since two-stroke karting can be very expensive. Speedway racing takes place on asphalt or clay oval tracks which are normally between 1/10-mile and 1/4-mile long. Tracks primarily consist of two straights and four left-turn corners, few tracks are symmetric and often
3025-507: Is no suspension , so chassis have to be flexible enough to work as a suspension and stiff enough not to break or give way on a turn. Kart chassis are classified in the United States as "Open", "Caged", "Straight" or "Offset". All Commission Internationale de Karting –, Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile –, or CIK-FIA-approved chassis are "Straight" and "Open". The stiffness of the chassis enables different handling characteristics for different circumstances. Typically, for dry conditions,
3146-852: Is one example. They have become the norm as the top international classes have switched to 125 cc clutch-equipped engines as of January 2007. Wheels and tires are much smaller than those used on a normal car. Wheels are made of magnesium alloy, aluminum , or composite materials . Tires can support cornering forces in excess of 2 g (20 m/s²), depending on chassis, engine, and motor setup . Some car tire manufacturers, such as MG Bridgestone , Dunlop , and Maxxis make tires for karts. There are also specific kart tire manufacturers, which include MG, Vega, MOJO, LeCont, Cobra, Hoosier and Burris. Similarly to other motorsports, kart tires have different types for use appropriate to track conditions: As in other motor sports, several data acquisition systems have been developed for kart racing. These systems allow
3267-514: Is set to partner with Alex Albon as his teammate. Carlos Sainz Jr's mother is Reyes Vázquez de Castro and his father is Carlos Sainz Sr. His father became famous through winning many races and winning the World Rally Championship twice. Eventually, as Sainz Jr. got older, his father mentored him throughout his journey which led to him getting in to F1 racing. In 2016, Sainz was named Ambassador of María de Villota's Legacy, as he
3388-555: Is the only driver to have won five European Championships, adding a fifth title in KZ in 2016. In 2013, Max Verstappen won both the KF and KZ European Championships with CRG, becoming the first—and to this date, only—driver to have won direct-drive and gearbox titles in the same season. KF2 became the primary direct-drive category in 2010, replacing KF1—known as Super KF in 2009—and ending 28 seasons of secondary direct-drive classes being held at
3509-448: Is transmitted from the engine to the rear axle by a chain. Both engine and axle sprockets are removable. Their ratio must be adapted to the track configuration to obtain the most performance from the engine. In the early days, karts were direct drive, requiring push starts. The inconvenience of that configuration led to the centrifugal clutch for the club level classes. Dry centrifugal clutches are now used in many categories; Rotax Max
3630-533: The 2017 United States Grand Prix , where he replaced Jolyon Palmer at Renault , having already signed for the team from 2018 . Sainz moved to McLaren in 2019 , ending his association with Red Bull . He took his maiden podium at the Brazilian Grand Prix that year, followed by another at the 2020 Italian Grand Prix . Sainz signed for Scuderia Ferrari at the conclusion of the 2020 season, replacing Sebastian Vettel to partner Charles Leclerc . After
3751-585: The Austrian and British Grands Prix, then a fuel pressure issue at the Hungarian Grand Prix and a power unit issue at the Belgian Grand Prix . A 150 km/h and 46 g impact into the barriers during practice for the Russian Grand Prix resulted in Sainz spending the night in hospital. He missed qualifying but was declared fit to race, however he failed to finish after a brake failure. He crashed in qualifying for
Karting European Championship - Misplaced Pages Continue
3872-482: The Belgian Grand Prix meaning at the summer break Sainz sat 5th in the championship with 162 points. Sainz won the Mexico City Grand Prix from pole position. Sainz is due to leave Ferrari after the 2024 season and will be replaced by Lewis Hamilton for 2025 . On 29 July 2024, Williams announced that Sainz will be joining the team from the 2025 season on a two-year deal with an option to extend. He
3993-418: The British Grand Prix fifth, however both Ferrari drivers made pit stops prior to a safety car period that other drivers took advantage of, dropping Sainz to tenth place at the finish line. At the Hungarian Grand Prix , he crashed in practice and then qualified eleventh. He scored points by finishing the race eighth. He scored points again by finishing fourth in the Belgian Grand Prix sprint, but retired from
4114-514: The British Grand Prix , Sainz took his first Formula One pole position in a wet qualifying session, beating Verstappen by 0.034 seconds. He was overtaken in the race by Verstappen, but regained the lead when Verstappen slowed with damage. He pitted for soft tyres in the closing laps and passed Leclerc to claim his maiden win in Formula One. Sainz was running third at the Austrian Grand Prix when an engine failure ended his race. He started at
4235-1033: The California ProKart Challenge , the Texas Sprint Racing Series , the Florida-based Sunshine Karting Championship Series , Route 66 Sprint Series in the Midwest, and the F-Series Gearup Challenge in the Northeast. National level karting takes place across North America in dedicated national series like the SKUSA Pro Tour Archived 22 July 2024 at the Wayback Machine , the USPKS Championship Series , WKA Manufacturers Cup and
4356-484: The Canadian Grand Prix after he spun into Alex Albon . Sainz then finished a frustrating 6th at his home grand prix but bounced back by finishing third at the Austrian Grand Prix even though he benefitted from Max Verstappen's and Lando Norris 's collision to get the final podium place. Sainz's next 3 races consisted of 5th place at the British Grand Prix , 6th place at the Hungarian Grand Prix and 6th at
4477-436: The Canadian Grand Prix . Sainz spun on the first lap of the Azerbaijan Grand Prix , attempting to avoid a collision with teammate Kvyat, and recovered to finish eighth. Prior to the Austrian Grand Prix , Sainz commented that it was "unlikely" he would remain with Toro Rosso for a fourth year. Red Bull team principal Christian Horner rejected this, stating that Sainz would race for Toro Rosso in 2018 . Sainz retired from
4598-526: The Canadian Grand Prix . After a suspension-related retirement at the European Grand Prix , Sainz recorded three consecutive eighth-place finishes. A run of six races without points followed, including retirement due to a puncture at the Belgian Grand Prix and a first-lap collision with Nico Hülkenberg at the Singapore Grand Prix having started sixth. Sainz equalled his best race result at
4719-633: The Chinese Grand Prix after spinning and then retired from the Bahrain Grand Prix with a wheel issue. He qualified fifth at the Spanish Grand Prix , his highest grid position of the year, and finished the race ninth. He was forced to start the Monaco Grand Prix from the pit lane after failing to attend the weigh-bridge during qualifying. He recovered to tenth place in the race. Four consecutive retirements began with electrical failures at
4840-588: The EuroInternational team. He was also part of the Red Bull Junior Team programme. He made his Formula BMW debut during a guest drive in the Formula BMW Pacific series at Sepang , Malaysia where he was ineligible to score points as a guest driver. However, he placed second in the opening race in Malaysia. That debut was followed by a 4th place. The following race day, he retired from the first race but won
4961-619: The Formula 3 Euro Series and FIA European Formula 3 with Carlin Motorsport in 2012, Sainz moved up to the GP3 Series with Arden International in 2013 . He found success in the Formula Renault 3.5 Series , winning the championship in 2014 with DAMS . A member of the Red Bull Junior Team from 2010 to 2014, Sainz signed with Scuderia Toro Rosso for the 2015 season, debuting alongside Max Verstappen . He remained at Toro Rosso until
Karting European Championship - Misplaced Pages Continue
5082-721: The Karting World Championship , SKUSA SuperNats and all SKUSA Pro Tour, USPKS and ROK Cup USA Nationals take place in this format. Sprint racing can be held at a dedicated purpose-built track (most of which also rent club karts for family fun), and sprint races are also held at kart tracks that exist at many major auto sports complexes like Daytona International Speedway , Charlotte Motor Speedway , Pittsburgh International Race Complex , NOLA Motorsports Park in New Orleans, Homestead-Miami Speedway , and Road America . Sprint races are also held at temporary kart circuits that can be built in parking areas at large stadiums and casinos throughout
5203-527: The Malaysian Grand Prix after Kvyat was dropped by the team. Sainz retired from the race due to an engine problem. He crashed in practice for the Japanese Grand Prix and again on the opening lap of the race. At this stage of the season, Sainz had scored 48 of Toro Rosso's 52 points. Sainz's move to Renault was brought forward and he replaced Jolyon Palmer and partnered Nico Hülkenberg at
5324-547: The Mexican Grand Prix . He ended the season with a drive from eleventh on the grid to sixth place at the Abu Dhabi Grand Prix . Sainz finished the season tenth in the Drivers' Championship, three places behind teammate Hülkenberg, scoring 53 points to Hülkenberg's 69. Sainz scored points in thirteen out of the nineteen races he finished. Sainz was replaced by Daniel Ricciardo at Renault for the following season, with
5445-463: The Portuguese Grand Prix despite starting fifth, stating "we got it wrong with strategy". He took his third career podium and first with Ferrari at the Monaco Grand Prix , where he benefited from Leclerc's failure to start and a pit stop issue for Valtteri Bottas to finish second. Tyre wear issues meant neither Ferrari driver scored points at the French Grand Prix . Sainz recovered from
5566-561: The ROK Cup USA . The SKUSA Pro Tour championship is one of the most coveted, and the SKUSA SuperNats event held in Las Vegas annually is one of the largest kart races in the world, attracting drivers from every continent. The SKUSA SuperNats event has been run continuously for 25 years, and a SuperNats win is considered a legendary win in karting circles. The FIA championships, including
5687-563: The Russian Grand Prix , starting second, and took the lead from former teammate Lando Norris on the first lap. Sainz went on to finish the race third. He recovered to eighth place at the Turkish Grand Prix having started from the back of the grid due to engine component penalties. Sainz achieved his fourth podium of the season at the Abu Dhabi Grand Prix , but criticised the handling of the final-lap restart as being positioned behind lapped cars "nearly cost [him his] podium". Sainz ended
5808-491: The Spanish Grand Prix , behind Max Verstappen. He was unable to hold off the Mercedes cars or Verstappen's teammate Sergio Pérez and finished the race fifth, later commenting that tyre degradation was a weakness of his team's car . Sainz crashed in practice at the Canadian Grand Prix and was then penalised for impeding Pierre Gasly in qualifying, causing him to start the race eleventh. He recovered to finish fifth. He started
5929-579: The Spanish Grand Prix , in sixth place, but then failed to start the Belgian Grand Prix due to a power unit issue on a reconnaissance lap. At the Italian Grand Prix , Sainz qualified third behind the two Mercedes drivers. He lost places during the pit stops and was in sixth place when the race was red-flagged for Charles Leclerc 's accident. He passed three cars and benefited from Lewis Hamilton's penalty to move up to second place behind Pierre Gasly with twenty laps remaining. He ultimately finished 0.4 seconds behind Gasly to take his second podium and what
6050-508: The Turkish Grand Prix in fifteenth place due to a penalty for impeding Sergio Pérez in qualifying, but gained six positions on the first lap and went on to finish fifth. A brake failure in qualifying at the Bahrain Grand Prix caused him to qualify fifteenth, but he progressed to fifth place by the end of the race. Sainz finished the 2020 season sixth in the Drivers' Championship for the second consecutive year. He accumulated 105 points to Norris's 97 and claimed six top-five finishes which, at
6171-409: The United States Grand Prix and started from last place, but gained ten positions on the first lap and went on to record his best finish of the year with seventh place. Sainz finished his debut season fifteenth in the Drivers' Championship, scoring 18 points to teammate Verstappen's 49. Toro Rosso retained Sainz and Verstappen for the 2016 championship. Sainz qualified seventh and finished ninth at
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#17330853223906292-417: The United States Grand Prix with sixth place and scored the same result at the Brazilian Grand Prix after starting fifteenth. He retired from the season-ending Abu Dhabi Grand Prix due to a collision with Jolyon Palmer . Sainz ended the season twelfth in the Drivers' Championship, scoring 46 of Toro Rosso's 63 points. Sainz and Kvyat remained with Toro Rosso for the 2017 season. Sainz scored points in
6413-523: The 250cc Superkart category was contested at the European Championship. This category also includes the Superkart-2 (SK-2) division, contested in 2003 and 2004. The Superkart (SK) class was contested for 18 seasons, predominantly being dominated by British and French drivers. Peter Elkmann won the most Superkart European Championships, with four. Kart racing Kart racing or karting
6534-530: The Austrian Grand Prix with an engine problem and was eliminated on the first lap of the British Grand Prix after a collision with Kvyat. Prior to the Singapore Grand Prix it was announced that Sainz would join Renault for 2018, on loan from Red Bull. He finished the race in a career-best fourth place, in what he described as his "best day in Formula One". He was joined at Toro Rosso by Pierre Gasly for
6655-593: The Circuit de Catalunya. At Zandvoort, he took 5th and 2nd place. At Valencia, he scored 7th and 10th place. A weekend at Silverstone saw him take 3rd place and a victory in the following race, his first that season. Hockenheim saw him take 11th and 6th place. A 4th and a podium position of 3rd. Robin Frijns was on a charge, scoring a podium position in every race but 3, two of which he finished in 4th. A double retirement at Spa put him out of championship contention. An 8th and 6th at
6776-467: The European Championship has been KZ , previously known as Super-ICC (S-ICC) until 2006 and KZ1 until 2012. KZ superseded Formula C (FC), which had been the primary class since 1974. Intercontinental C (ICC) was contested in place of FC from 1983 to 1995. Italian drivers have historically dominated the KZ class, winning 39 of the 52 championships altogether, as of 2024. Gianfranco Baroni and Francesco Laudato hold
6897-399: The European Championship is held across two direct-drive and three gearbox classes. The primary direct-drive class is OK , and the primary gearbox class is KZ . The Karting European Championship was first held in 1972, running a 100cc direct-drive class won by Italian driver Gabriele Gorini, who retained his titles in 1973 and 1975. In 1979, Cathy Muller became the first woman to win
7018-561: The European Championship. After nine seasons of KF regulations in the direct-drive category, the CIK-FIA shifted towards Original Kart (OK) regulations from 2016 onwards. In 2017, Spanish-born Moroccan driver Sami Taoufik became the first non-European champion in a primary class, winning the OK European Championship with FA Kart . The 2020 Superkart European Championship, originally scheduled to be hosted at Le Mans–Bugatti ,
7139-562: The FIA Karting website. Direct-drive classes have been contested at the European Championship since its inaugural 1972 edition, when it was won by Italian driver Gabriele Gorini in the 100cc class. Since 2016, the primary direct-drive class has been Original Kart (OK) . The class was previously called KF2, replacing KF1 as the primary class in 2010. KF1 had been called Formula A (FA) from 1988 to 2006, which had been run secondary to its Super sub-class (FSA) and Formula K (FK) until 2000. FSA
7260-566: The MSA. Billed as the UK's first national karting league , the Elite Karting League also falls outside of MSA governance. In Australia, kart racing is administered by one of the following Karting bodies: Racing classes start at age 7 or 8 (5 in the United States with "Kid Karts") and generally run in 3-year age groupings or weight divisions until "senior" status is reached at age 15 or 16, depending on
7381-407: The UK, the Motor Sports Association (MSA) regulates most "owner driver" Karting. Some associations, such as NatSKA (National Schools Karting Association), organize race meetings throughout the country under the authority of the MSA. Various four-stroke "hire kart" series such as EPEC (European Prokart Endurance Championship) or BRKC (British Rental Kart Championship) fall outside the governance of
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#17330853223907502-433: The UK, the most celebrated karting series is the National karting series, also known as Super One . There are three types of Super One championships: Other UK National Championships include: Birel BirelART series UK: Cadet 60cc, Junior 100cc, Senior Light 125cc, Senior Heavy 125cc, British Indoor Karting Championship (BIKC) The BRKC is the UK's rental karting National championship, and the UK's official feeder series to
7623-695: The United States. Additionally, there are street races where races take place on city streets on temporary circuits like some of the IndyCar races. Endurance races last for an extended period, ranging from 30 minutes up to 24 hours or more, for one or more drivers. In general, consistency, reliability, and pit strategy is of greater importance than all out speed. Called "enduro" racing in the United States, most WKA and IKF sanctioned events typically last 30 minutes (sprint enduro) or 45 minutes (laydown enduro) and are run continuously without pit stops. Enduro events are held on full-size road racing circuits that are usually between 1.5 and 4 miles in length. As well as
7744-403: The back of the grid at the French Grand Prix after taking new engine components and finished fifth despite a time penalty for an unsafe pit release. He took his second pole position at the Belgian Grand Prix , promoted to the front as Verstappen took an engine penalty, but dropped behind both Red Bulls to finish third. Sainz finished fifth at the Dutch Grand Prix but was demoted to eighth by
7865-406: The beginning of race one, Sainz got up to 13th place by passing Alex Fontana and Jimmy Eriksson off the start. By the start of lap 3, he was 13 seconds behind the leader. Sainz made it up to 8th place with his teammate Daniil Kvyat until both cars lacked grip. Because they were both pushing to get into the top ten for points, neither driver decided to manage their Pirelli tyres and so by the end of
7986-414: The direct-drive category is run across four separate three-day events, run alongside the Karting Academy Trophy . As with the gearbox category, the championship is contended via QH, SH and F. Points are awarded for each the QH, SH and F. As of 2024, the gearbox category is run across two separate three-day events. On day one, drivers are sent out for free practice preceding qualifying practice, setting up
8107-411: The driver to monitor from a display fixed on the steering wheel some parameters such as RPM, timing of laps (including sectors), number of laps, best lap, cooling system temperature, exhaust gas temperature and sometimes speed or even gear for shifter karts. Some of those systems are able to record (logging) laps data from the sensors, allowing replay of an entire running session or/and direct download to
8228-489: The drivers to pass a medical exam each year. License classes differ between countries according to age groups or levels. Most of the time a Practice License can be easily obtained, while a Racing License might require a capability assessment. For their safety, kart drivers are required to wear proper equipment: Carlos Sainz Jr. Carlos Sainz Vázquez de Castro ( Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkaɾlos ˈsajnθ ˈβaθkeθ ðe ˈkastɾo] ; born 1 September 1994)
8349-499: The end of lap 1. He remained in that position, scoring a podium for the first time in GP3. Sainz obtained 24 world championship points, 4 for fastest laps in both races. He was now in 6th place in the championship overall. During the first race in Silverstone, Sainz was squeezed off track, falling to 9th place. By mid distance, Sainz overtook Lewis Williamson to get into 8th place. Williamson then moved alongside Sainz to try and overtake but Sainz kept moving over towards him until there
8470-473: The end of the 2024 season to join Williams . Sainz started his career in karting in 2006, after participating in smaller series, in 2008, he won the Asia-Pacific KF3 title, as well as finishing runner-up in the Spanish Championship . In 2009, he also won the Junior Monaco Kart Cup , and was runner-up in the European KF3 Championship. While at driving school in Madrid, he was coached by María de Villota . Sainz raced in Formula BMW Europe in 2010 with
8591-422: The entire 2009 podium— Nyck de Vries , Carlos Sainz Jr. and Daniil Kvyat —progressed to Formula One. Despite this, Sebastian Vettel remains the only junior European Champion to also win the Formula One World Drivers' Championship . George Russell is the only driver to win multiple junior direct-drive European Championships, winning back-to-back in 2011 and 2012. From 1992 to 2001, the Green Helmet Trophy
8712-484: The famous 24 Hours of Le Mans race for automobiles there is also a 24-hours event for karts which takes place at the kart circuit Alain Prost at Le Mans , France. This race has taken place since 1986 and its winners list include four-time Champ Car champion Sébastien Bourdais (in 1996). Endurance racing is also considered a more affordable way of getting into karting. In South Africa, the 24 Hours of Karting Festival race
8833-518: The fastest growing in the United States is Lo206. The general classes are 125cc Shifter, 100cc tag, 125cc tag and then the X30 equivalents of these karts. The CIK-FIA sanctions international championships in OK , OKJ , KZ1 , KZ2 and Superkart . These are regarded as the top-level classes of karting and are also raced in national championships worldwide. The World Championship is decided here. In May 2019 it held
8954-427: The final lap in the hope of a safety car, but with no chance of scoring points, the team retired his car in the pits. Sainz described the result, which dropped him from fourth in the Drivers' Championship before the race to seventh, as "very disappointing". He ended his third season with Ferrari on 200 points to Leclerc's 206. At the Bahrain Grand Prix , Sainz began the 2024 season by qualifying fourth and finishing on
9075-464: The final race, Sainz had matched his 2021 position with fifth in the Drivers' Championship and scored 246 points to Leclerc's 308. Sainz signed a contract extension in 2022 and is set to race for Ferrari until the end of 2024. Sainz began the 2023 season by qualifying and finishing fourth at the Bahrain Grand Prix . He finished fourth at the Australian Grand Prix but was penalised and demoted to twelfth place for making contact with Fernando Alonso at
9196-509: The finish, however Sainz achieved his first fastest lap in Formula One and in doing so set a new Red Bull Ring track record. Sainz was in fourth place with two laps of the British Grand Prix remaining but suffered a tyre puncture and was ultimately classified thirteenth. He started the 70th Anniversary Grand Prix outside the top ten, but had progressed to fourth place when he entered the pits. A slow pit stop then dropped him back and he went on to finish thirteenth. He finished his home race,
9317-444: The first corner. He finished fourth at the Spanish Grand Prix , his best ever result at his home race, despite having earlier spun and dropped to eleventh. Sainz qualified and finished second at the Monaco Grand Prix , but a hydraulics issue caused his third retirement of the year at the Azerbaijan Grand Prix . He was runner-up at the Canadian Grand Prix , less than a second behind Verstappen. For his 150th Formula One race start,
9438-745: The front and one for the rear, and are adjustable to allow for front/rear bias changes. Professionally raced karts typically weigh 165 to 175 lb (75 to 79 kg), complete without driver. Avanti , Tony Kart, Trulli , Birel , CRG , Gillard , Intrepid , Remo Racing , Kosmic, Zanardi or FA Kart and EKS are a few well-known examples of the many European manufacturers of race-quality chassis. Emmick, Coyote, Bandit, Shadow, MGM, Titan, PRC and Margay are American companies producing kart chassis. Racing karts mostly use small two-stroke or four-stroke engines; however, as of 2022, there has been small-scale adoption of electric motors in racing karts. Purpose of transmission: There are three reasons for having
9559-625: The general public may be limited to lower speeds. American Art Ingels is generally accepted to be the father of karting. A veteran hot rodder and a race car builder at Kurtis Kraft , he built the first kart in Southern California in 1956. Early karting events were held in the Rose Bowl Stadium car park. Instantly popular, Karting rapidly spread to other countries, and currently has a large following in Europe. The first kart manufacturer
9680-403: The highest-placed driver behind the top three teams of Mercedes , Ferrari and Red Bull. He scored points at eight of the next nine races; notable results were finishing eighth at the Austrian Grand Prix having started nineteenth, and fifth place at the German Grand Prix despite an incident where he spun and stopped on a wet section of the track. Sainz encountered power issues and retired on
9801-404: The international under-15 championship. The driver who finished first overall was Vlad Sputzki (Russia) followed by Daniel Smith (England) and then followed by Maximilien Blank (Australia) CIK-FIA categories: Non CIK-FIA categories: The Kart World Championship (or KWC) as opposed to the FIA's "Karting World Championship" uses 4-stroke rental karts and travels to a different country each year. In
9922-539: The joint-record for most KZ European Championships, each with four. In 2002, the championship was shared ex-aequo by Laudato and Sauro Cesetti, who both scored 86 points. Max Verstappen is the only driver to win both the KZ European Championship and the Formula One World Drivers' Championship . Since 2007, the secondary gearbox class in the European Championship has been KZ2 , replacing Intercontinental C (ICC) in international competition. Formula C-2 (FC-2)
10043-513: The junior direct-drive class has been OK-Junior (OK-J) for drivers aged 12 to 14 in the year. The class was called Junior Intercontinental A (ICA-J) from 1989 to 2006, KF3 from 2007 to 2012, and KF-Junior (KF-J) from 2013 to 2015. Due to the fast progression of talented racing drivers, OK-J has traditionally hosted the most Formula One prospects at the European Championship as notable drivers often graduate to junior formulae prior to reaching senior karting divisions such as OK and KZ . Notably,
10164-443: The junior direct-drive class, later renaming to KF-J in 2013. In 2009, the entire podium— Nyck de Vries , Carlos Sainz Jr. and Daniil Kvyat —went on to graduate to Formula One , the only time this has happened at the European Championship. Between 2005 and 2008, Marco Ardigò won four consecutive direct-drive titles with Tony Kart , remaining the only driver to complete a four-peat in the European Championship as of 2024. Ardigò
10285-520: The lead direct-drive class in 2010. Formula A (FA) was also introduced as an alternative class to Formula K (FK)—and, later, Formula Super A (FSA)—running alongside ICA from 1990 to 2000. Notable European Champions in the secondary direct-drive classes include seven-time Formula One World Drivers' Champions Michael Schumacher and Lewis Hamilton , as well as three FIA World Endurance Champions : Kévin Estre , James Calado and Will Stevens . Since 2016,
10406-561: The main race due to damage from a first-lap collision with Oscar Piastri . He achieved his first pole position of the year at the Italian Grand Prix , 0.013 seconds ahead of Verstappen. He was passed by both Red Bulls during the race but defended from teammate Leclerc to finish third, his first podium of the season. He took pole position again at the next race, the Singapore Grand Prix , and converted this into his second Formula One victory. This ended Red Bull's streak of fifteen consecutive wins and Max Verstappen's win streak of ten, and marked
10527-585: The next day of Qualifying Heats (QH). These races then set the grids for Super Heats (SH), which in-turn sets up the Final (F). Points are awarded for each the QH, SH and F. The championship is currently broadcast live on YouTube by the FIA with live footage, commentary and interviews for all rounds. The opening race of the 2021 direct-drive season at Genk had a record viewership of over 46 thousand people. The FIA provide live timing for each European Championship round via
10648-472: The only race of 2023 not won by Red Bull. Sainz led the entire race distance and he and former teammate Lando Norris held off Mercedes drivers George Russell and Lewis Hamilton in the closing laps. Sainz scored points in the Qatar Grand Prix sprint, but qualified twelfth for the main race and then failed to start due to a fuel leak. He finished fourth at the United States Grand Prix but was promoted to
10769-399: The opening two races, but a collision with Lance Stroll eliminated him from the Bahrain Grand Prix . Both drivers blamed each other for the incident, but Sainz was handed a grid penalty for the next race. Three points finishes followed including sixth place at the Monaco Grand Prix . Sainz was again handed a grid penalty for a first-lap collision with Romain Grosjean and Felipe Massa at
10890-491: The penultimate lap, which became fourth place when Alex Albon was spun around by Lewis Hamilton ahead. Sainz was later elevated to third place after Hamilton received a penalty, earning him his first podium in Formula One. At the season-ending Abu Dhabi Grand Prix , Sainz passed Hülkenberg on the final lap to take tenth place, scoring one point and earning sixth place in the drivers' championship, one point ahead of Pierre Gasly and four ahead of Albon, both of whom spent part of
11011-400: The podium after Hamilton's disqualification. He qualified second at the Mexico City Grand Prix to make an all-Ferrari front row, but both cars were overtaken by Verstappen and Hamilton in the race. At the inaugural Las Vegas Grand Prix , Sainz hit a loose manhole cover in practice, causing the first practice session to be cancelled and the second to be delayed so that officials could inspect
11132-576: The podium in third, ahead of teammate Charles Leclerc. During the Saudi Arabian Grand Prix weekend, Sainz fell ill with appendicitis and was unable to participate. While he took part in FP1 and FP2, he missed the rest of the weekend to undergo surgery; he was replaced by reserve driver Oliver Bearman . Having recovered from his surgery, Sainz returned at the Australian Grand Prix , qualifying second. He capitalised on Max Verstappen's retirement to win
11253-444: The post-season test after the 2014 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix . Sainz drove for Scuderia Toro Rosso in the 2015 season where he partnered Max Verstappen , following Daniil Kvyat 's promotion to Red Bull . Sainz selected 55 as his race number. He qualified inside the top ten for his debut, the Australian Grand Prix , and finished the race in ninth position. He scored points again at the Malaysian Grand Prix , but failed to score at
11374-408: The primary gearbox class in 1983, having been the secondary class in 1982. Walter van Lent became the first non-Italian ICC European Champion in 1990, and the last in the primary gearbox class until Jonathan Thonon in 2008. From 1993 to 2000, FSA became the pre-eminent class in the direct-drive category, being run alongside its secondary FA class, as well as ICA. The 2000 season was notable for marking
11495-461: The race ahead of Leclerc, marking Sainz's third Formula One race victory and the first Ferrari one-two finish since the 2022 Bahrain Grand Prix . He took another podium finish at the Japanese Grand Prix , passing Leclerc to finish third. After 3 races without a podium Sainz finished third at the Monaco Grand Prix taking his 4th podium of the season. He would follow this result up by retiring from
11616-403: The race, Kvyat was 20th and Sainz was 15th. He finished 51 seconds off first placed man Tio Ellinas . Sainz started in 15th place for race 2 on Sunday morning. At the end of lap 1, he was in 9th place. As they approached lap 2, the safety car was deployed due to an accident behind, giving Sainz time to save his tyres. With 5 laps remaining, Sainz was up to 8th place. During the next lap, he put
11737-741: The rental Kart World Championship. NatSKA is a budget karting association set up for schools and youth groups in the UK, with 13 classes. In the United States, Dirt oval classes (which often use Briggs & Stratton industrial engines) are prominent in the Southeast and Midwest. In the West, European style sprint racing is much more common. In particular, 125cc shifter karts using Honda CR125 power units have gained tremendous popularity in recent years. In Australia, classes include Cadet (previously called Midget),Junior KA4, Junior KA3, X30, KZ2, Senior KA3, Senior TAG (Restricted and Unrestricted). Most classes run
11858-494: The rest of the track. He went on to qualify second behind Leclerc, but the damage to his car had required Ferrari to replace components and resulted in a ten-place grid penalty, which Ferrari team principal Frédéric Vasseur described as "unacceptable". Sainz finished the race sixth. He crashed in practice at the season-ending Abu Dhabi Grand Prix and placed sixteenth in qualifying, after which he accused other drivers of deliberately impeding him. Ferrari left him out on track until
11979-459: The season fifth in the Drivers' Championship with 164.5 points, two positions and 5.5 points ahead of teammate Leclerc. His ability to adapt quickly to Ferrari and his performances relative to Leclerc were widely praised. Sainz continued at Ferrari alongside Leclerc for 2022. He qualified third for the season-opening Bahrain Grand Prix . He ran in third place until Max Verstappen's retirement, allowing him into second place behind Leclerc to claim
12100-486: The season finale at Monza followed. He finished the season 4th with 227 points. Sainz also competed in the UK Formula Renault Winter Cup, finishing 6th in the first race and retiring from the second race at Snetterton. During the 2012 season, Sainz raced in both British and Euro Series Formula 3 championships. Racing for Carlin , he won four races, finished nine times on the podium, as well as scoring
12221-405: The season in the superior Red Bull. Sainz scored 96 points over the season, compared to 49 for teammate Norris. Sainz remained at McLaren alongside Norris for 2020, and began the season with a fifth-place finish at the Austrian Grand Prix . He qualified third for the Styrian Grand Prix , his best career qualifying result at that time. A slow pit stop contributed to him dropping to ninth place by
12342-467: The season opener at Monza , he finished 18th in the first race but won the second. He left Monza with 25 points, beating his previous seasons' score by 3 points. Another win at Aragon meant he doubled his score and in race 2, he finished in 4th. Another 4th place followed at the one race in Monaco. The weekend at Spa followed with another 2 wins. Moscow followed. 14th and 6th meant that he only took 8 points from
12463-462: The season-opening Australian Grand Prix , but retired from the Bahrain Grand Prix due to a collision with Sergio Pérez . After the Russian Grand Prix , Sainz gained a new teammate in Daniil Kvyat as Verstappen was promoted to Red Bull. Three points finishes followed for Sainz, including his best career finish with sixth place at the Spanish Grand Prix and a drive from twentieth to ninth place at
12584-461: The second lap of the Belgian Grand Prix . At the subsequent Italian Grand Prix , he was forced to retire when a wheel was fitted incorrectly during a pit stop. Then at the Singapore Grand Prix , a collision with Nico Hülkenberg and a long pit stop caused him to finish outside the points positions. At the Brazilian Grand Prix , Sainz started in twentieth and last place following an engine problem in qualifying. He had made his way to fifth place by
12705-573: The second race. He finished 7th in the following race. He missed the next race in China but returned to Singapore. He finished 6th in the first race and 2nd in the second race. He missed the Japanese races but returned to win the season finale in Macau. Overall, in 9 races he achieved 3 pole positions, 2 wins, and 2 fastest laps. In Formula BMW Europe, he started his career with a podium position of 3rd and 6th place at
12826-491: The second restart. Sainz criticised the penalty as being "unfair" and Alonso agreed that it was too harsh; Ferrari lodged a formal protest against the decision but were unsuccessful. Sainz qualified third at the Miami Grand Prix but finished fifth. He crashed in practice at the Monaco Grand Prix and spun during the race, dropping him from fourth at the start to eighth at the finish. He qualified second at his home race,
12947-424: The series. Typically, race formats are one of the following: Sprint racing takes place on dedicated kart circuits resembling small road courses, with left and right turns, hairpins, chicanes, and short and long straightaways. Tracks range from 1/4-mile (400 metres) to over 1 mile (1,600 metres) in length. The sprint format is a series of short-duration races, normally for a small number of laps, that qualify for
13068-540: The shape parallels that of an egg or a tri-oval . "Offset" kart chassis have been developed for precise handling and adjustability in left-turn-only racing competition taking place on oval and tri-oval tracks. Depending on the track material, different tires are used on the kart. Speedway kart races range in length from 4 laps for a trophy dash, to 20 laps for a main event. The two chief racing formats used in dirt speedway karting are heat races and timed laps qualification: There are many different classes in kart. One of
13189-495: The start of the fierce rivalry between CRG teammates Lewis Hamilton and Nico Rosberg , who finished first and second in that year's FA European Championship , respectively. FA succeeded FSA as the lead class upon the latter's European demise at the end of the 2000 season. In the gearbox category, ICC was again replaced by FC as the main class in 1996, becoming the secondary class once more. FC would later be renamed to Super-ICC from 2002 onwards. The 250cc Superkart category
13310-407: The team for the final four races of 2017, beginning with the United States Grand Prix where he started and finished seventh. Sainz made his way from eighth to fifth place on the first lap of the Mexican Grand Prix but then spun and had to pit for new tyres. He later retired from the race with steering problems. He failed to finish the season-ending Abu Dhabi Grand Prix after he was released from
13431-528: The team opting to keep Hülkenberg on instead of Sainz. Sainz moved to McLaren for the 2019 season, ending his association with Red Bull. He replaced Fernando Alonso and partnered rookie Lando Norris . Sainz had an unlucky start to the season with no points in the first three races due to an engine fire at the Australian Grand Prix and first-lap collisions at the Bahrain and Chinese Grands Prix. Sainz consistently scored points thereafter, often finishing as
13552-418: The time, were both career highs. Sainz joined Scuderia Ferrari on a two-year contract from the 2021 season partnering Charles Leclerc and replacing Sebastian Vettel . He qualified and finished in eighth place at the Bahrain Grand Prix , his first race for the team. He started eleventh at the Emilia Romagna Grand Prix but progressed to fifth place by the end of the race. He failed to score points at
13673-556: Was an American company, Go Kart Manufacturing Co. (1957). In 1959, McCulloch was the first company to produce engines for karts. Its first engine, the McCulloch MC-10, was an adapted chainsaw two-stroke engine . Later, in the 1960s, motorcycle engines were also adapted for kart use, before dedicated manufacturers, especially in Italy ( IAME ), started to build engines for the sport. The chassis are made of chromoly tubing. There
13794-484: Was at the time his career best race finish. Sainz retired from the next two races; he was involved in a multi-car start-line accident at the Tuscan Grand Prix and then crashed into a wall on the first lap of the Russian Grand Prix . Seven consecutive points finishes then followed. He finished sixth at the Portuguese Grand Prix having briefly led the race after gaining six positions in the first two laps. He started
13915-703: Was cancelled amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe , ending its 18-year tenure under the CIK-FIA banner. In 2020 and 2021, aged 14 and 15, Andrea Kimi Antonelli won back-to-back OK European Championships , becoming the youngest driver to win multiple primary direct-drive European titles. The KZ2-Masters class debuted at the 2024 KZ European Championship as a senior gearbox division, limited to drivers aged 35 and above. Italian driver Riccardo Nalon won its inaugural edition, driving for Parolin. The gearbox and direct-drive European Championships are contended on separate dates at various kart circuits across Europe. As of 2024,
14036-483: Was contact. Williamson was sent into a spin whilst Sainz continued to circulate round the track. Due to the damage to his car, Sainz fell down the order until he crossed the finish line in 13th place. In race 2, he finished where he started, in 13th place. Sainz raced in Formula Renault 3.5 for the first time in 2013. However, he missed several races in his first season most likely due to his commitment towards GP3. In Monaco , he finished 6th place, most probably due to
14157-509: Was contested for cadets aged 7 to 13 under 100cc Intercontinental A (ICA) regulations, originally known as the Rainbow Trophy . The Karting Academy Trophy is regarded as its spiritual successor. 125cc gearbox classes have been contested at the European Championship since 1974, when it was won by British driver Aad van Daalen in the Formula C class. Since 2002, the primary gearbox class in
14278-442: Was contested for the first time in 2002, going on to be contested at 18 successive European Championships. In 2007, the primary direct-drive class became KF1 and the primary gearbox class became KZ1 , as the CIK-FIA attempted to re-brand global karting. The secondary divisions KF2 and KZ2 each replaced ICA and ICC; both classes had been contested since the early 1980s. KF3 also succeeded Junior Intercontinental A (ICA-J) as
14399-546: Was contested from 1979 to 1981. Italian drivers Valerio Sapere and Fabian Federer are the only drivers to win multiple KZ2 European Championships, achieving their second victories in 2000 and 2016, respectively. Since 2022, the FIA have sanctioned a Masters sub-class for KZ2 at the World Championship, limited to drivers aged 35 and above. The KZ2-Masters class held its inaugural European Championship season in 2024, won by Italian driver Riccardo Nalon. From 2002 to 2019,
14520-457: Was held but did not return until Intercontinental C (ICC) was displaced as the lead gearbox class by FC in 1996. Gianfranco Baroni won four FC European Championships from 1976 to 1981. FK was ran from 1982 to 1990, and again in 1992, as the primary direct-drive class, until it was replaced by Formula A (FA) and its Super sub-class (FSA). In 1988 and 1989, the Super 100 (S100) class was also contested as
14641-453: Was the premier class from 1993 until its demise, with FK holding this honour from 1982 to 1992. The championship was split with the Super 100 (S100) class in 1988 and 1989. Marco Ardigò holds the record for most primary direct-drive European Championships, with four consecutive titles from 2005 to 2008 with Tony Kart. Intercontinental A (ICA) was the secondary direct-drive class from 1982 to 2006, being replaced by KF2 until its succession as
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