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16-555: The river rises from the southern part of Strandzha mountain, not far from the Black Sea and flows for 281 km before entering the Maritsa near the Turkish city of İpsala , with part of its lower course canalized. Its drainage basin has an area of 11,016 km. Major settlements along the river include Uzunköprü , Pehlivanköy , Çerkezköy and Muratlı . This article related to

32-482: A community) and flora (the taxonomic composition of a community) was first made by Jules Thurmann (1849). Prior to this, the two terms were used interchangeably. Plants are grouped into floras based on region ( floristic regions ), period, special environment, or climate. Regions can be distinct habitats like mountain vs. flatland. Floras can mean plant life of a historic era as in fossil flora . Lastly, floras may be subdivided by special environments: The flora of

48-406: A particular area or time period can be documented in a publication also known as a " flora " (often capitalized as "Flora" to distinguish the two meanings when they might be confused). Floras may require specialist botanical knowledge to use with any effectiveness. Traditionally they are books , but some are now published on CD-ROM or websites . Simon Paulli 's Flora Danica of 1648 is probably

64-552: A particular region or time, generally the naturally occurring ( indigenous ) native plants. The corresponding term for animals is fauna , and for fungi , it is funga . Sometimes bacteria and fungi are also referred to as flora as in the terms gut flora or skin flora . The word "flora" comes from the Latin name of Flora , the goddess of plants , flowers , and fertility in Roman mythology . The technical term "flora"

80-502: A river in Turkey is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Strandzha Strandzha ( Bulgarian : Странджа , also transliterated as Strandja , pronounced [ˈstrand͡ʒɐ] ; Turkish : Istranca [ɯstɾand͡ʒa] , or Yıldız [jɯɫdɯz] ) is a mountain massif in southeastern Bulgaria and East Thrace , the European part of Turkey . It is in

96-514: Is approximately 10,000 km (3,861 sq mi). The climate of the area is considerably influenced by the Black Sea and is predominantly humid continental in the mountains and humid subtropical at the coast. Major rivers in the area are the Veleka (147 km or 91 mi long) and the border river Rezovska (112 km or 70 mi long). Strandzha Nature Park , established in 1995 in

112-403: Is then derived from a metonymy of this goddess at the end of the sixteenth century. It was first used in poetry to denote the natural vegetation of an area, but soon also assumed the meaning of a work cataloguing such vegetation. Moreover, "Flora" was used to refer to the flowers of an artificial garden in the seventeenth century. The distinction between vegetation (the general appearance of

128-600: The Population exchange between Greece and Turkey , Greeks were expelled to Greece, while Muslims from Greece were settled in the Turkish part of Strandzha mountains. Muslim immigrants to Turkey from former Yugoslavia also settled in the Turkish part of Strandzha Mountains. Culturally, the Bulgarian part of Strandzha is known for the specific architecture that can be observed in Malko Tarnovo , Brashlyan , and most other villages,

144-576: The Tertiary period on the European continent has been preserved in Strandzha. Strandzha Glacier on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands , Antarctica is named after Strandzha Mountain. 42°0′45″N 27°36′31″E  /  42.01250°N 27.60861°E  / 42.01250; 27.60861 Flora Flora ( pl. : floras or florae ) is all the plant life present in

160-649: The Bulgarian part of the massif, is the largest protected area in Bulgaria. In size it is 1,161 km (448 sq mi), or about 1% of Bulgaria's total territory. The İğneada Floodplain Forests National Park was established in 2007 at Turkey's Strandzha park. Inhabited by the Thracians in antiquity, Strandzha is an area with a large concentration of ruins of Thracian sanctuaries, sacrificial altars, dolmens, and other archaeological objects. The mountains were

176-629: The European and Asian continents. The plant communities in Strandzha developed before Europe was separated from Asia by the formation of the Bosporus Strait that now connects the Black Sea with the Mediterranean Sea . Land-ice never reached Strandzha during the ice-ages of the Pleistocene and the Holocene . This lack of glaciations helped create the circumstances in which flora characteristic for

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192-427: The area has 121 habitat types. In Strandzha over 600 species of invertebrates are found, as well as over 400 species of vertebrates , 41 species of freshwater fish , 10 species of amphibians , over 20 species of reptile , more than 130 species of breeding birds , and over 60 species of mammals . One of the reasons for the abundance of flora and fauna is the area's location at a bio-geographical crossroad between

208-587: The first book titled "Flora" to refer to the plant world of a certain region. It mainly describes medicinal plants growing in Denmark. The Flora Sinensis by the Polish Jesuit Michał Boym is another early example of a book titled "Flora". However, despite its title it covered not only plants but also some animals of the region, that is China and India. A published flora often contains diagnostic keys. Often these are dichotomous keys , which require

224-684: The rich folklore and distinctive rituals, such as nestinarstvo (barefoot dancing on live embers), that preserve pagan elements. The Turkish part is well known for its charcoal burning , goat farming and cheesemaking . The Strandzha Mountains have a rich and diverse flora and fauna , unique within Europe. The eastern part of Strandzha is covered by the most northwestern extent of the Euxine–Colchic deciduous forests ecoregion. 50% of Bulgaria's flora can be observed in Strandzha Nature Park and

240-541: The site of the Bulgarian Preobrazhenie Uprising of 1903 that was crushed by Ottoman troops. The current Bulgarian-Turkish border in the region was established after the Balkan Wars of 1912–1913, when the southeastern part of Strandzha became part of Bulgaria and the northern part of Turkey. After the expulsion of Thracian Bulgarians in 1913, Muslims from Bulgaria were settled in the Turkish part. During

256-463: The southeastern part of the Balkans between the plains of Thrace to the west, the lowlands near Burgas to the north, and the Black Sea to the east. Its highest peak is Mahya Dağı ( Bulgarian : Махиада , Mahiada ) (1,031 m or 3,383 ft) in Turkey, while the highest point on Bulgarian territory is Golyamo Gradishte ( Bulgarian : Голямо Градище ) (710 m or 2,329 ft). The total area

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