111-611: Louis Mortimer Bloomfield (August 8, 1906 – July 19, 1984), KStJ , QC , PhD, LLD , DCL , was a Canadian lawyer, businessman, and soldier. Bloomfield was recognized as a leader of the Canadian Jewish community . Proponents of some John F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories have alleged he was tied to the shooting through the Office of Strategic Services , the Central Intelligence Agency , and Permindex . Bloomfield
222-447: A Doctor of Laws from St. Francis Xavier University in 1964 and a Doctor of Civil Law from St. Thomas University in 1973. Bloomfield was admitted to the Bar of Quebec in 1930 and practised international law with Phillips, Bloomfield, Vineberg, and Goodman from 1930 to 1970. Bloomfield assisted King Carol II of Romania in his attempt to gain entry into Canada after World War II , and
333-633: A Secretary of the Order, who holds office at the pleasure of the Grand Prior or until resignation. A subset of the Grand Council is the Honours and Awards Committee, which considers all recommendations for appointment or promotion into the grade of Bailiff or Dame Grand Cross , appointment or promotion into any grade of a person not resident within any priory's territory, and advises the Grand Council in respect of
444-854: A head of state or royal , in which case they all precede other members in their grade as follows: Awards are presented within the order: the Priory Vote of Thanks, the St John's Provincial/Territorial Commendation (in Canada), the Life Saving Award (Without Risk) in Silver, and the Service Medal of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem. Following constitutional changes made in 1999,
555-564: A mercenary army of demobilised British soldiers using readily available, cheap war surplus. A deal transferring various islands to the Order of Malta, including Rhodes when captured, was struck with the Greek rebels , but, ultimately, the attempt to raise money failed when details leaked to the press, the French monarchy withdrew its backing of the Council, and the bankers refused the loan. The Council
666-408: A mozzetta of black with red lining, edging, and buttons, a 76mm wide star worn on the left breast and the accordant badge suspended at the neck. When full mantles and sopra vests are worn a black velvet Tudor -style hat is included. The Sovereign Head confirms all appointments to the order as he, in his absolute discretion, shall think fit, though the constitution does impose certain limitations:
777-476: A "Christian character", its Grand Council has since 1999 affirmed that "profession of the Christian Faith should not be a condition of membership of the Order." The issue of the order's Christian character and the issue of "inclusive membership" was dealt with in the Grand Council's Pro Fide Report in 2005, wherein it was said that the order's life is shaped by Christian faith and values, but that "[r]ather than
888-634: A decisive part in making the Histadrut one of the most respected and influential organizations" in Canada. Bloomfield was vice-president of the Eldee Foundation, a charitable foundation whose objective was "to contribute to and assist charitable organizations and institutions in Canada maintained for the benefit of person's of Jewish faith." Originally known as the Canada-Histadrut Foundation, it
999-406: A foreign head of state superseding American postulants' duties as US citizens. Upon admission into the Order of St John, confrères are presented with appropriate insignia , each level and office being depicted by different emblems and robes for wear at important occasions for the order. Common for all members of the Order is the badge , consisting of an eight-pointed Maltese Cross (embellished in
1110-586: A heart attack while in Jerusalem to receive the honorary degree from Bar-Ilan University. Proponents of some John F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories have alleged the Bloomfield was linked to the shooting through the Office of Strategic Services , the Central Intelligence Agency , and Permindex . On March 4, 1967, the Italian left-wing newspaper Paese Sera published a story alleging that Clay Shaw , who
1221-718: A lieutenant and deputy to the Lord Prior; and the Sub-Prelate, who has interests in the commanderies and associations of the organisation —as well as the Priors and Chancellors of each of the order's eight priories and the Hospitaller make up the Grand Council. On recommendation of that body, the Grand Prior appoints all the Grand Officers, besides himself, and may also appoint members of either Grade I or Grade II as other officers, known as
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#17330926818181332-505: A linked city park system. This included formally establishing Gatineau Park . Most notably, the Report recommended a major political reform : the creation of a federal district and federal authority to exercise control over planning and development. The General Plan recommended extinguishing the Ottawa and Hull municipal governments. In their place, a Federal District Commission, similar to
1443-486: A personal coat of arms , should they not already be entitled to use one, and have it adorned with emblems of the Order of St John. Bailiffs and Dames Grand Cross additionally have the right to be granted heraldic supporters for life. Further, membership only grants precedence within the Order, which is graded as follows: Precedence within each grade is dictated by date of appointment, save for those in Grade I who are either
1554-430: A prior and a priory chapter. Commanderies, governed by a Knight or Dame Commander and a commandery chapter, may exist within or wholly or partly without the territory of a priory, known as Dependent or Independent Commanderies, respectively. Any country without a priory or commandery of its own is assumed into the "home priory" of England and The Islands, many of these being smaller Commonwealth of Nations states in which
1665-600: Is at the apex of the Order of St John as its Sovereign Head, followed by the Grand Prior—since 1975, Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester . He, along with the four or five other Great Officers—the Lord Prior of St John, who acts as the lieutenant of and deputy to the Grand Prior; the Prelate , who is an Anglican bishop ; the Deputy Lord Prior (or more than one depending on the Grand Prior's needs), who acts accordingly as
1776-562: Is limited to only the members of the Grand Council plus no more than 21 others, though royalty and heads of state of any country may be appointed as a Bailiff or Dame Grand Cross without counting towards the complement. All Priors, should they not already be in the grade or higher, are appointed Knight or Dame upon their assignment. Knights and Dames of Justice, along with all Bailiffs and Dames Grand Cross, formerly were entitled to nominate two personal Esquires , just as each Knight or Dame of Grace could nominate one personal Esquire, subject to
1887-562: Is not in the knights' lists, and he was never 'Prior in the Sovereign Order of St. John of Jerusalem': he became an ordinary member of that Order on Nov. 11, 1830." Sir Robert Peat died in April 1837 and Sir Henry Dymoke was appointed Grand Prior and re-established contact with the knights in France and Germany , into which the group had by that time expanded. However, until the late 1830s, only
1998-709: Is responsible for managing and maintaining several assets in the Capital Region. The NCC operates 90 kilometers of scenic parkways through Ottawa and NCC parks in Gatineau. The NCC operates several urban parks in Ottawa and Gatineau. The NCC is the steward of the Capital's six official residences: Other assets managed by the NCC are: The role of the NCC is to champion the interests of Ottawa , Gatineau , and surrounding region as
2109-608: Is the Crown corporation responsible for development, urban planning , and conservation in Canada's Capital Region ( Ottawa , Ontario and Gatineau , Quebec ), including administering most lands and buildings owned by the Government of Canada in the region. The NCC is the capital's largest property owner, owning and managing over 11% of all lands in the Capital Region. It also owns over 1,600 properties in its real estate portfolio, including
2220-443: Is the Capital's largest property owner, owning and managing over 11% of all lands in the Capital Region. It also owns over 1,600 properties in its real estate portfolio, including the Capital's six official residences; commercial, residential and heritage buildings; and agricultural facilities. Over 70 NCC-managed buildings that are older than 40 years have been designated as "classified" or "recognized" federal heritage buildings by
2331-540: The 2006 elections , the Government of Canada asked for a formal review of the mandate of the NCC. A panel conducting the review, in its report, suggested that the NCC needed more money and should become more transparent . In 2018, the Government of Canada announced CA$ 55 million in funding to support critical repair and maintenance of NCC's major infrastructure assets. In 2020, the NCC secured $ 52.4 million in funding towards some of its most significant assets. The NCC
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#17330926818182442-679: The Canadian national honours system and the priory, established in 1946 out of the Commandery of Canada, is the largest outside of the United Kingdom, with some 6,000 members. The governor general , serves as the prior and chief officer in Canada, while lieutenant governors act as the vice-priors, overseeing the administration of the order in their respective province . These individuals thus automatically become Knights or Dames of Justice upon their assuming viceregal office. An American Society of
2553-644: The Federal Heritage Buildings Review Office (FHBRO). The continuing preservation, evolution and management of Confederation Boulevard , the ceremonial route linking key attractions in National Capital Region, on both sides of the Ottawa River , in Ottawa as well as Gatineau, Quebec, are the responsibility of the NCC and its partners. These roles are in contrast with the mandates of the various municipal governments, which serve
2664-688: The Gréber Plan . Due to the Second World War , however, Gréber's plan was put on hold. At the conclusion of the War in 1945, an area of 2,330 km (580,000 acres) was declared the " National Capital District ," and the Federal District Commission Ac t was amended to expand the responsibilities of the FDC, giving it a truly national scope. Gréber was eventually invited back to develop his plan for
2775-748: The Hebrew University in 1973 (Doctor of Philosophy) and Bar-Ilan University (doctorate) in July 1984, and was recognized as an honorary citizen in Tel Aviv and Winnipeg . The Bloomfield Centre at St. Francis Xavier University, the Bloomfield Library for the Humanities and Social Sciences at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem , and Bloomfield Stadium in the Tel Aviv are named after Bloomfield and his brother, Bernard. On July 19, 1984, Bloomfield died of
2886-858: The Hebrew University , the Weizmann Institute of Science and the Technion Israel Institute of Technology . Bloomfield was also an Honorary Consul General for the Republic of Liberia from 1962 until his death. Bloomfield was the Montreal Chairman of the Israel Histadrut Campaign. In 1967 was reported to have been active in the Histadrut , Israel's organization of trade unions, for over twenty years. According to The Canadian Jewish Chronicle , Bloomfield and his brother Bernard "played
2997-631: The Knights Hospitaller in the Middle Ages, the oldest surviving chivalric order which is generally considered to be founded in Jerusalem in 1099, which was later known as the Order of Malta . A faction of them emerged in France in the 1820s and moved to Britain in the early 1830s, where, after operating under a succession of grand priors and different names, it became associated with the founding in 1882 of
3108-530: The National Capital Act , the board consists of a chairperson , a chief executive officer (CEO), and 13 other members with relevant professional backgrounds from the Capital Region and across Canada. Since April 2016, the mayors of Ottawa and Gatineau have also ex officio held seats on the board, on a non-voting basis. The NCC holds an annual public meeting in which members of the public are able to express their ideas and ask questions directly to
3219-586: The National Capital Region was blemished and transformed by industrialization . According to then-Prime Minister Wilfrid Laurier , what became the City of Ottawa was "not a handsome city" by the 1880s. Laurier, together with Lady Aberdeen , the wife of the governor general , advanced the idea of planning for a better capital. </ref> In 1899, the Ottawa Improvement Commission ( OIC )
3330-666: The Priory of England and The Islands was established (including the Commandery of Ards in Northern Ireland ) alongside the existing Priories of Wales , Scotland , Canada , Australia (including the Commandery of Western Australia ), New Zealand , South Africa , and the United States . In 2013, the Priory of Kenya and in 2014 the Priory of Singapore were formed. Each is governed by
3441-545: The Protestant faith, though those of other Christian denominations , as well as adherents of other religions are accepted into the order. Except via appointment to certain government or ecclesiastical offices in some realms , membership is by invitation only and individuals may not petition for admission. The Order of St John is perhaps best known for the health organisations it founded and continues to run, including St John Ambulance and St John Eye Hospital Group . As with
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3552-698: The St John Ambulance Brigade , which undertook practical and life-saving work. The name given in 1888, when the order was first constituted as the present order of chivalry by Queen Victoria 's royal charter was Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem in England. This was changed by the royal charter of 1926 to the Grand Priory in the British Realm of the Venerable Order of
3663-609: The St John Ophthalmic Hospital near the old city of Jerusalem and the St John Ambulance Brigade in 1887. The order is found throughout the Commonwealth of Nations , Hong Kong , the Republic of Ireland , and the United States of America , with the worldwide mission "to prevent and relieve sickness and injury, and to act to enhance the health and well-being of people anywhere in the world." The order's approximately 25,000 members, known as confrères , are mostly of
3774-489: The Town Planning Institute of Canada , published a report (known as the "Cauchon Report") containing a new planning strategy for the Capital. The report included numerous studies on the Capital done by Cauchon over a period of around 16 years. It also proposed the reorganization of railway tracks , the building of highways, the development of parks and parkways, and the relocation of industrial activities. In 1927,
3885-640: The medieval Grand Priory of the Knights Hospitaller , otherwise known as the Knights of Saint John. The creation of the langue has been regarded either as a revival of the Knights Hospitaller or the establishment of a new order. The Reverend Sir Robert Peat , the absentee perpetual curate of St Lawrence, Brentford , in Middlesex , and one of the many former chaplains to Prince George ( Prince Regent and later King George IV), had been recruited by
3996-486: The nation's capital , typically with regard to issues of national interest, such as the location of monument and museum sites, and major streetscapes such as Confederation Boulevard . The objects and purposes of the NCC are "to prepare plans for and assist in the development, conservation and improvement of the National Capital Region in order that the nature and character of the seat of the Government of Canada may be in accordance with its national significance." The NCC
4107-597: The 6 official residences in the Capital Region. The committee also provides advice to Public Services and Procurement Canada , who is responsible for the Citadel , i.e., the Governor General ’s official residence in Québec City . The committee consists of experts in interior design , architecture, heritage, and real estate development. It has 7 members, plus 1 board observer and 2 ex officio members (the NCC chairperson and
4218-473: The CEO). Aside from the ex officio and observer members, committee members include: Marta Farevaag (chairperson), Bernard Serge Gagné (vice chairperson), Ken Greenberg, Hagit Hadaya, and Chris Piché . The Canadiana Fund solicits donations of heritage art, furniture, and funds to augment the staterooms of the official residences. Pieces that are chosen are meant to "reflect Canada's heritage, artistic traditions and historical associations," or they "complement
4329-505: The CIA's counterintelligence staff found that the substance of Paese Sera' s allegations were not true and that neither Permindex or Centro Mondiale Commerciale were a front to channel funds to anti-communists. Prior to his death, Bloomfield donated to the Library and Archives Canada 31 boxes of documents related to some of his notable clients and charity work, as well as correspondence with prominent politicians, including United States President George H. W. Bush . His donation came with
4440-438: The Capital, which was finally published in 1950. In 1958, Parliament passed the National Capital Act , which established the National Capital Region as well as a new National Capital Commission ( NCC ) to succeed the FDC as responsible for bringing Gréber's plan into reality. The replacement of the FDC came as result of it having repeatedly failed to convince municipal governments to cooperate in planning efforts regarding
4551-613: The Council as a member of the society in 1830. On 29 January 1831, in the presence of Philip de Castellane and the Agent-General of the French Langues , Peat was elected prior ad interim . Then, on the grounds that he had been selling knighthoods, Peat and other English members of the organisation expelled Mortara, with the backing of the Council of the French Langues, leading to the existence of two competing English chivalric groups between early 1832 and Mortara's disappearance in 1837. On 24 February 1834, three years after becoming prior ad interim , in order to publicly reaffirm his claim to
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4662-401: The English arm of the organisation had considered itself to be a grand priory and langue of the Order of St John, having never been recognised as such by the established order. Dymoke sought to rectify this by seeking acknowledgement from the headquarters of the Roman Catholic Sovereign Military Order of Malta , but its then Lieutenant Grand Master , Philippe de Colloredo-Mansfeld , refused
4773-402: The FDC began to acquire land for Gatineau Park and, by 1939, a total of 6,500 hectares had been acquired. In 1936, Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King invited French town planner Jacques Gréber to act as an advisor for planning in the Capital. A couple of years later, in 1938, Gréber was commissioned to develop a vision and plan for the National Capital Region, now famously known as
4884-424: The French Council to form the Council of the English Langue, which was inaugurated on 12 January 1831, under the executive control of Alejandro, conde de Mortara, a Spanish aristocrat . It was headquartered at what Mortara called the " Auberge of St John", St John's Gate, Clerkenwell . This was the Old Jerusalem Tavern, a public house occupying what had once been a gatehouse to the ancient Clerkenwell Priory ,
4995-408: The General Plan. The "Report of the Federal Plan Commission on a General Plan for the Cities of Ottawa and Hull," better known as the "Holt Report" or the "Bennett Plan," was released in January 1915 and was one of Canada's first comprehensive plans. The report recommended that the work of the OIC be broadened, expanding on the 1903 Todd Commission's beautification proposals for urban parkways and
5106-431: The Grand Council's scrutiny. Knights and Dames receive the accolade from the Grand Prior when they are touched on the shoulder with a sword and are given their robes and insignia. However, jurisdiction dependent, post-nominal letters of the order are not used outside the organisation itself, and a Knight and Dame may not use the prefix Sir or Dame , though they may request from their local heraldic authority
5217-453: The Holt Commission). Todd was appointment chairmen when the Federal Plan Commission was established in 1913 by Order-In-Council of Prime Minister Robert Borden 's government with the purpose of "draw[ing] up and perfect[ing]" a comprehensive scheme for the future of the rapidly growing Federal Capital, called the "General Plan." The Commission was joined by a renowned architect and urban planner from Chicago, Edward H. Bennett , who prepared
5328-413: The Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem and further in 1936 to the Grand Priory in the British Realm of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem. In 1961, it played a role, together with the Protestant Continental branches of the original Order of Saint John (the " Johanniter Orders " in Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden, and elsewhere), in the establishment of the Alliance of
5439-428: The Hôpital Ste Jeanne d'Arc, and vice-president and director of the Reddy Memorial Hospital in Westmount for fifty years. Bloomfiled was a co-founder and vice-president of World Wild Life Fund Canada , an executive member of the National Capital Commission from 1963 to 1976, and governor of the Loyola College Development Board . He served as a member of the Board of Governors of the America Israel Cultural Foundation ,
5550-482: The Library and Archives Canada could not extend the restriction to access the documents past the original deadline set by Bloomfield himself. According to Bloomfield's nephew, Harry Bloomfield, the restriction of access was contributing to unfounded conspiracy theories allegations that tied his uncle to the assassination of Kennedy. Philipps stated that he believed the documents in the collection did not implicate Bloomfield but that they might contain information related to
5661-448: The Medical Officer of the St John Ophthalmic Hospital, which bears a special pattern, and of chaplains, which is a black silk robe with full sleeves. Each cloak also bears on its left side a rendition of the order's star in white silk: the Sovereign Head, Grand Prior, and those in the first two grades of the order all have a 300 millimetres (12 in) diameter emblem; the Sovereign's and Grand Prior's are of white silk with gold adornments,
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#17330926818185772-483: The NCC and 3 NCC employees—all of whom are those who have expertise and experience in matters related to the subject. These members are Anne Ménard (chairperson), Collinda Joseph (vice-chairperson), Yoland Charette, Catherine Gardner, Rita Tadi, Daryl Rock, and Monique Beaudoin. The NCC has built relationships with people and organizations throughout the Capital Region and across Canada, including local municipalities and Indigenous communities. To foster partnerships in
5883-472: The NCC chairperson and CEO, this committee includes: Maryse Gaudreault (Ex-Officio member), Vincent Asselin (Chairperson), Ken Greenberg, David L.A. Gordon, Bruce Haden, Anne-Marie Parent, Tobi Nussbaum (Ex-Officio member), Barry Padolsky, Beverly A. Sandalack, Collinda Joseph (observer), Caroline Lajoie (observer), and Andy Kikites (observer). The Advisory Committee on the Official Residences of Canada advises on asset management and matters that pertain to
5994-662: The NCC chairperson and the CEO (as ex officio members) sit on the Governance Committee. The Advisory Committee on Planning, Design and Realty advises on the long-range plans and policies for the use of public lands and properties in the Capital Region; design proposals affecting federal lands; and matters of real property . The committee consists of experts in real estate development ; environmental , urban , and regional planning; urban design ; architecture ; and landscape architecture . The committee has 11 members, in addition to two board members who act as observers and two ex officio members (NCC chairperson and CEO). Aside from
6105-487: The NCC's internal audit function, and reviews the special examinations and annual financial audits of the federal Office of the Auditor General . It also oversees the reporting of financial information, ensuring that the necessary processes and controls are in place for the NCC to achieve its objectives. This committee consists of 6 board members, plus the NCC chairperson and the CEO (as ex officio members). The Governance Committee reviews (and makes recommendations to
6216-478: The National Capital Region. The National Capital Region was expanded to a total of 4,660 km (1,150,000 acres) of land on both sides of the Ottawa River ; for one thing, the NCC acquired the funds to purchase lands to create the Greenbelt . The National Capital Act gave, and continues to give, the NCC statutory authority to implement its plans, an authority confirmed by the Supreme Court of Canada 's ruling in Munro v National Capital Commission . After
6327-426: The OIC was reorganized as the Federal District Commission ( FDC ). As its jurisdiction grew to include parts of Quebec , the FDC expanded the region's open spaces, extended parkways, improved Dow's Lake , and developed Confederation Square in conjunction with the City of Ottawa . In 1934, a citizens’ group urged the government to purchase land in the Gatineau Hills to save its forests. In 1937, three years later,
6438-433: The Order in England. In 1823, the Council of the French Langues—a French state-backed and hosted faction of the Order of Malta (Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of St John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and of Malta)—sought to raise through private subscription sufficient money to restore a territorial base for the Order of Malta and aid the Greek War of Independence . This was to be achieved by issuing bonds in London to form
6549-475: The Order of St John does "not confer any rank, style, title, dignity, appellation or social precedence whatsoever". Its place in the order of wear varies from country to country. Unlike those of other hierarchical orders, all grades of the Order of St John rank between the order's predecessor and successor. Some examples follow: National Capital Commission The National Capital Commission ( NCC ; French : Commission de la capitale nationale , CCN)
6660-433: The Order of St John was established in 1957 as a foundation to assist the order with charitable work, after 1961 focusing its efforts specifically on the St John Ophthalmic Hospital in Jerusalem and some other organisations aiding the sick. This branch was successful enough that Queen Elizabeth II in 1996 officially created the Priory of the United States of America , the seventh priory at the time, with John R. Drexel as
6771-453: The Orders of Saint John of Jerusalem and thereafter finally received (through an agreement in 1963) collateral recognition by the Order of Malta. Its most recent royal charter was granted in 1955, with a supplemental charter issued in 1974, recognising the worldwide scope of the organisation by setting its present name. In 1999, the order received special consultative status from the United Nations Economic and Social Council . Charles III
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#17330926818186882-410: The Principal Officers, such as the Secretary-General and Honorary Officers, such as the Genealogist , (currently David White , Garter King of Arms ) and Director of Ceremonies , who all hold office for a period not exceeding three years; the latter position currently being held by Alan Cook, a former Essex Police chief inspector on behalf of Major James Kelly. The Grand Prior may also appoint
6993-482: The Sovereign Head and Grand Prior are all of black silk velvet and lined with white silk, the Sovereign Head's mantle is differentiated by an additional train . Bailiffs and Dames Grand Cross and, before 1926, Knights of Justice formerly wore black silk robes with a lining of the same material and colour; these members now wear the same mantle as Commanders and Officers, which are made of black merino wool faced with black silk. The only other unique mantles are those of
7104-421: The St Edward's Crown the coronet in gold of Albert, Prince of Wales (later Edward VII ); and the Prelate's having instead a representation of a mitre in gold. Thereafter, the badges are prescribed as follows: All Bailiffs and Dames Grand Cross may wear their badges at the left hip on a 101.6 millimetres (4.00 in) (for men) or 82.5 millimetres (3.25 in) (for women) wide, black watered silk ribbon over
7215-436: The Todd Report, in 1903. Two of his major recommendations were the construction of a ceremonial boulevard linking Rideau Hall and the Parliament Buildings , and the preservation of large natural parks adjacent to the Capital. This plan was the first to recommend improvements north of the Ottawa River . Following the Todd Report was a master plan for Canada's Capital, tabled by Herbert S. Holt 's Federal Plan Commission (or,
7326-409: The aims of this Christian order and to conduct myself as a person of honour. Those who are Christians additionally recite the following: I solemnly declare that I personally profess the Christian faith and accordingly that I believe in God the Father, God the Son and God the Holy Spirit. Notwithstanding the order's promotion of Christian values of charity and its official stance that the order has
7437-466: The architectural style of a particular residence." The Canadiana Fund consists of Cynthia Price Verreault (chairperson), Anne Fotheringham, Kathy Hays, Douglas B. Richardson, Deborah Riley, Harvey A. Slack, Candace Stevenson, Clyde Wells , and Fei Wong. The Advisory Committee on Universal Accessibility is mandated to assist the NCC by considering those projects that involve a significant universal accessibility component. It has 7 members—4 from outside
7548-439: The assassination. KStJ The Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem ( French : l'Ordre très vénérable de l'Hôpital de Saint-Jean de Jérusalem ), commonly known as the Order of St John , and also known as St John International , is an order of chivalry constituted in 1888 by royal charter from Queen Victoria and dedicated to St John the Baptist . The order traces its origins back to
7659-478: The award of its Lifesaving Medal and Service Medal . Since the Order's Royal Charter of 1888, the Grand Prior has been appointed by the Sovereign Head and has always been a member of the British royal family . From 1888 until 1943, this office was styled "Sub Prior" and from 1943 until 1950 it was named "Prior." After the officers of the Order follow members, who are divided into six hierarchical grades , all having accordant post-nominal letters . Grade I
7770-439: The benefit of their immediate resident, under provincial legislation, on issues like road maintenance, sewer, water and public transport. The NCC is the responsibility of the Minister of Public Works and Procurement , currently Filomena Tassi . In the 28th Canadian Ministry under Stephen Harper , the NCC reported to Parliament through the Minister of Foreign Affairs , and then through senior Ottawa-area cabinet ministers,
7881-418: The board on) matters relating to amendments to the by-laws; the selection criteria for, duties of and benefits for the chairperson, CEO and other board and committee members; the mandate, functioning, competency profile and performance appraisals of the board and its committees; the terms of reference and the selection process for the ombudsman ; and general governance issues. A minimum of 5 board members, plus
7992-407: The board. The scope of these annual meetings includes direct public input in a workshop to "discuss the NCC's strategic priorities for the coming year." As of May 2021 , current board members include: The CEO is accountable to the board of directors for the management of the NCC's operations and "the implementation of the board's strategic directions for the coming year." The following are
8103-557: The capital's six official residences; commercial, residential and heritage buildings; and agricultural facilities. The NCC reports to the Parliament of Canada through whichever minister in the Cabinet of Canada is designated responsible for the National Capital Act , currently the Minister of Public Services and Procurement . Through the 19th century, the character of what is known today as
8214-419: The committees and committee members of the NCC as of May 2021 . The 5-person Executive Committee is called upon when necessary to deal with specific business or issues. It can be delegated certain powers and functions by the board of directors. This Committee includes: Marc Seaman (chairperson), Mireille Apollon, Larry Beasley , Norm Odjick, and Tobi Nussbaum . The 8-person Audit Committee oversees
8325-474: The condition that the documents would not be made public until twenty years after his death. In 2004, Maurice Philipps, a JFK assassination conspiracy author, requested access to the Bloomfield Collection, but was told that Bloomfield's widow had extended the restriction on accessing the documents until 25 years after her death. Philipps challenged the decision, and a 2006 Federal Court ruling found that
8436-509: The early 1960s. On March 6, the newspaper printed other allegations about individuals it said were connected to Permindex, including Bloomfield whom it described as "an American agent who now plays the role of a businessman from Canada (who) established secret ties in Rome with Deputies of the Christian Democrats and neo-Fascist parties." According to Max Holland , an internal investigation by
8547-527: The emphasis being primarily upon 'spiritual beliefs or doctrine' it is on works of mercy rendered through St John". Therefore, while the Great Officers are required to profess the Christian faith, the same is "not an essential condition of membership" and "[t]he onus is on the man or woman who is invited to the privilege of membership to decide whether he or she can with a good conscience promise to be faithful to
8658-454: The ensuing three decades and, in 1861, William Montagu, 7th Duke of Manchester , agreed to become its grand prior. Additionally, an associated national hospitaller organisation was formed with a corps of ambulances . In 1871, the Duke of Manchester instituted a new constitution, which again changed the order's name, offering the more modest Order of Saint John of Jerusalem in England, abandoning
8769-493: The first prior. By late 2000, the US Priory had approximately 1,100 members. As citizens of a country that did not have the sovereignty of the Order of St John vested in its head of state, American inductees who first joined the new priory were specifically asked to only "pay due obedience" to the governing authorities of the order "in all things consistent with your duty to your own country," thus eliminating any question of loyalty to
8880-507: The former's also surmounted by a St Edward's Crown, while those for Bailiffs and Dames Grand Cross, Knights and Dames of Justice, and Knights and Dames of Grace are rendered in white linen, the first two groups having embellishments in gold silk, the latter in white silk. Similarly, the star for Commanders and Officers is of white linen with white silk ornamentation, though they are only 228.6 millimetres (9.00 in) and 152.4 millimetres (6.00 in) in diameter, respectively. The secretaries of
8991-515: The foundation. In 1971, it was reported to be one of the fifteen largest charitable foundations in Canada. According to The Financial Post , the market value of its assets were valued at $ 43.4 million in 1967 and $ 22 million in 1978. In 1972, Bloomfield and his brother established through the Eldee Foundation a named chair at the Weizmann Institute of Science, The Lady Davis Professorial Chair of Experimental Physics . Bloomfield
9102-518: The four principal angles alternately with two lions passant guardant and two unicorns passant). That for the Sovereign Head is gold with arms of white enamel and the embellishments rendered in gold , all surmounted by a jewelled St Edward's Crown , while those for the Officers of the order are the same save for the Grand Prior's having the crown made only of gold; the Lord Prior's having in place of
9213-472: The freehold in 1887. In 1877, the order established various St John Ambulance associations in major railway centres and mining districts, so that railway men and colliers could learn how to treat victims of accidents with first aid ; in 1882, the Grand Priory founded a hospice and ophthalmic dispensary in Jerusalem (known today as the St John of Jerusalem Eye Hospital Group ); and, by 1887, had established
9324-481: The governance model of Washington, D.C. , was recommended. This Commission, reporting to the Government of Canada, would benevolently dictate the planning, development and operation of Canada's Capital. Ultimately, the Holt/Bennett General Plan was shelved; however, many of its technical recommendations were implemented over 40 years after it was written. In 1922, Noulan Cauchon , one of the founders of
9435-429: The lapel of non-formal civilian clothing, for events such as business meetings of the order. In general, the insignia of the Order of St John may be worn at all occasions where other decorations are worn, not only those connected with the ceremonies of the order. All members of the Order are also required to wear specific robes for formal occasions of the society, including a mantle , sopra vest, and hat. The mantles of
9546-583: The last of whom was Pierre Poilievre . It is governed by the National Capital Act , which explains the boundaries of the National Capital Region in great detail. Its headquarters are in the Chambers Building on Elgin Street , between Queen and Sparks Streets. Oversight and direction of the NCC's operations and assets are the responsibility of its national board of directors. As defined in
9657-455: The left shoulder. Bailiffs and Dames Grand Cross, Knights and Dames of Justice or Grace, and chaplains may all also wear a breast star, which appears the same as their badges, only at a diameter of 88.9 millimetres (3.50 in) and without embellishments for those in Grade I and 76 millimetres (3.0 in) for those in Grade II. Further, those in these groups are also given a button for wear on
9768-419: The maximum number of members is set at 35,000, and appointees may not be under the age of 18. Recommendations are made by the Grand Council and those selected have generally acted in such a manner as to strengthen the spirit of mankind—as reflected in the order's first motto, Pro Fide —and to encourage and promote humanitarian and charitable work aiding those in sickness, suffering, and/or danger—as reflected in
9879-407: The mid-13th century by the Knights of St John. Confrères in Grade I have a plain, white, 300mm diameter Maltese Cross on their sopra vests, while members of Grades II and III, plus chaplains, have a plain garment, though the wearer's Order of St John insignia is displayed outside the vest, 152mm below the collar. Clerical inductees of the order may, when officiating, wear over their cassock and surplice
9990-626: The office of Prior and in the hope of reviving a charter of Queen Mary I dealing with the original English branch of the Order of Malta, Peat took the oath de fideli administratione in the Court of the King's Bench , before the Lord Chief Justice . Peat was thus credited as being the first Grand Prior of the association, but in January 1919 "W.B.H." wrote to the journal Notes & Queries : "His name
10101-463: The order has only a minor presence. The Order of St John is said to have arrived in Canada in 1648, as the second Governor of New France , Charles de Montmagny , was a member of the original order, but it was not until 1883 that the first branch of the modern organisation was established in the Dominion , at Quebec City , growing to 12 branches by 1892. The Order of St John today constitutes part of
10212-457: The order's other motto, Pro Utilitate Hominum . To be inducted, new members must recite the organisation's declaration: I do solemnly declare that I will be faithful and obedient to The Order of St John and its Sovereign Head as far as it is consistent with my duty to my [sovereign/president] and to my country; that I will do everything in my power to uphold its dignity and support its charitable works; and that I will endeavour always to uphold
10323-591: The order, the memberships and work of these organisations are not constricted by denomination or religion. The order is a constituent member of the Alliance of the Orders of Saint John of Jerusalem . Its headquarters are in London and it is a registered charity under English law . In the 1820s, those Knights of Malta residing in France granted knighthoods to certain people of various Christian denominations who provided support to
10434-430: The order, the priors and the commanders also wear the badge superimposed upon two goose quill pens embroidered saltire -wise in white silk. The sopra (or supra) vest is a long drape of thin, black cloth that buttons close down the neck and to one side, falling to the ankles and cut so as to entirely cover the body. It is similar to a cassock , though it is actually derived from the supra vesta—a black surcoat worn in
10545-559: The planning and stewardship of the Capital, the NCC created the Urbanism Lab , where lectures, events, and public consultations take place on a regular basis. The NCC is the Capital's largest property owner, owning and managing over 11% of all lands in the Capital Region. As such, the NCC collaborates with the region's municipalities on various issues, including urban planning , safe and active transportation , and property and land stewardship . The Capital Region includes 13 municipalities,
10656-404: The pretension to the title of "Sovereign Order". Five years later, Princess Alexandra was appointed a Lady of Justice , and this was followed by her husband, Albert Edward, Prince of Wales (later King Edward VII) becoming a Knight. Two years later, Sir Edmund Lechmere bought St John's Gate as the order's headquarters; the property was initially leased from Lechmere, before the order acquired
10767-461: The request. In response to this rebuff, the English body declared itself to be the Sovereign Order of St John in England, under the title The Sovereign and Illustrious Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, Anglia, thereby emphasising the order's independence and claim to direct and continuous succession from the Order of St John that was established in the 11th century. This new entity grew its membership over
10878-418: The right shoulder and from a 16.5 millimetres (0.65 in) wide black band at the collar. Male Knights Justice or Grace and Commanders wear their badges on a 16.5mm wide ribbon at the neck, while Officers and Members have theirs on a 38 millimetres (1.5 in) straight ribbon suspended from a medal bar on the left breast. Females in all grades have the option of wearing their insignia on a ribbon bow pinned at
10989-476: The stated aims and purposes of this Christian lay order of chivalry." On the subject of inclusive membership, the report stated "Christian hospitality is a criterion which can be applied to the Order's relationships to persons of other religious faiths", and "the Order needs to be characterized by a hospitable disposition towards other faith traditions while holding fast to its own origins and foundational identity in Christian faith." Admission to or promotion within
11100-555: Was also named as a major shareholder in the Swiss company Permindex , a company alleged by advocates of some John F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories to be a front organization for the Central Intelligence Agency . Bloomfield was active in public service and described as "a pillar of a number of Montreal charities". He was president of the Quebec Council of St. John Ambulance , life governor for Montreal Children's Hospital and
11211-719: Was also the author of four books: The British Honduras-Guatemala Dispute (1953); Egypt, Israel and the Gulf of Aqaba in International Law (1967); Gründung und Aufbau kanadischer Aktiengesellschaften (1960); and La Convention de Varsovie dans une Optique Canadienne (1976). Bloomfield served in World War II with the Royal Canadian Army Service Corps and retired with the rank of major in 1946. Bloomfield served as president of Heineken's Breweries of Canada . He
11322-675: Was an executor of the Lady Davis estate . He was appointed a King's Counsel in 1948 and was elected to serve on the Mixed Court of Tangier ( Tribunal Mixte Tangier ) within the international zone of Tangier in 1949. In 1952, Bloomfield co-founded the Canadian branch of the International Law Association with Maxwell Cohen, Gerald F. FitzGerald, and Nicolas Mateesco-Matte. He served as that organization's president from 1964 to 1978, and
11433-634: Was an honorary president from 1974 until his death in 1984. From 1968 to 1972, he was a council member of the American Society of International Law . In the field of international law, Bloomfield was the author of many articles and reviews including contributions to the Canadian Bar Review , the Canadian Yearbook of International Law , and the American Journal of International Law . He
11544-690: Was arrested and charged with conspiring to assassinate President John F. Kennedy by New Orleans District Attorney Jim Garrison three days earlier, was linked to the CIA through his involvement in the Centro Mondiale Commerciale, a subsidiary of Permindex in which Shaw was a board member. According to Paese Sera , the CMC had been a front organization developed by the CIA for transferring funds to Italy for "illegal political-espionage activities" and had attempted to depose French President Charles de Gaulle in
11655-742: Was awarded numerous honors throughout his life. In 1967, he received the Histadrut Humanitarian Award at a dinner in his honor; Davie Fulton , a candidate in the 1967 Progressive Conservative leadership election , was among the guests and referred to Bloomfield as his "dear friend". He received the Knight of Justice of St. John , the Canadian Centennial Medal , and the Queen Elizabeth II Silver Jubilee Medal in 1977. Bloomfield also received honorary degrees from
11766-483: Was born August 8, 1906 Westmount, Quebec near Montreal , a city in which his Jewish family had roots since the early nineteenth century. He had a brother, Bernard, and three sisters, Dorothy, Florence, and Myrtle. On February 16, 1969, he married Justine Adelaide Stern. Bloomfield earned a Bachelor of Arts from McGill University in 1927 and a Master of Laws from the University of Montreal in 1930. He also received
11877-410: Was established in 1961 by Henriette, Lady Davis , the divorced first wife of Sir Mortimer Davis . Lady Davis had enlisted the services of Bloomfield to negotiate the final settlement of her divorce trust with her ex-husband's estate. She contributed a large portion of the Eldee Foundation's initial capital of $ 30 million, and Bloomfield, his brother Bernard, and Abrham Shurem became directors of
11988-611: Was established with the core mandate of improving and beautifying the city. What began as the OIC evolved as an organization in terms of both mandate and scope over 120 years. The OIC initially consisted of 4 (later 6) volunteer commissioners: three federal appointees, as well as the mayor of Ottawa . The OIC was supported by notable Capital builders, such as Government of Canada botanist William Saunders and Robert Surtees, former city engineer and designer of Major's Hill Park . The Commission acquired land as early as 1901, and its first priority
12099-515: Was in 1827 given the authority to raise £240,000. Anyone who subscribed to the project and all commissioned officers of the mercenary army were offered the opportunity of being appointed knights of the Order. Few donations were attracted, though, and the Greek War of Independence was won without the help of the knights of the Council of the French Langues. Castellane and Currie were then allowed by
12210-582: Was re-organised and the Marquis de Sainte-Croix du Molay (previously number two of the Council and a former Order of Malta administrator in Spain ) became its head. In June 1826, a second attempt was made to raise money to restore a Mediterranean homeland for the Order when Philippe de Castellane, a French Knight of Malta , was appointed by the Council to negotiate with supportive persons in Britain. Scotsman Donald Currie
12321-602: Was to clean up the banks of the Rideau Canal , create and expand a park system , as well as a network of boulevards and parkways . One of the OIC's first projects was the Rideau Canal Driveway (now the Queen Elizabeth Driveway ). Four years following its establishment, the OIC hired Frederick G. Todd , a pioneer in landscape architecture , to aid in reshaping the city. Todd completed his plan, dubbed as
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