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63-458: Ein – Because the founders of the kibbutz originally belonged to a gar'in group named Ein Ganim and because of their aspiration to find a spring of water [ma'ayan – ayin – ein] on the land – which eventually came to pass. Shemer – because members of HaShomer group set up a guard post on the spot, because the kibbutz founders belonged to HaShomer HaTzair youth group and because the kibbutz is situated within

126-544: A Jewish homeland. As violent anti-Semitism metastasized in Europe, Britain attempted to move 5,000 children from Germany into Palestine. In 1939, only 240 children were brought to Palestine. Immigration certificates given to the Youth Aliyah program became increasingly hard to obtain as Britain failed to give full support. The cynical foreign policy from Great Britain held the program back and failed to save thousands of children from

189-764: A check for $ 25,000 to start the program. Hadassah has continued to be the major supporter of Youth Aliyah to this day. With Hitler's rise to power the Nuremberg Racial Laws were enacted in 1935 and on 31 March 1936 German elementary schools were closed to Jewish children. Szold coordinated an appeal to Jewish communities around the world in conjunction with the Jewish Agency . After a brief period of training in Germany, Youth Aliyah children were placed on kibbutzim for two years to learn farming and Hebrew. Kibbutz Ein Harod in

252-549: A city he named Šōmrōn (Shomron; later it became 'Samaria' in Greek), the new city replacing Tirzah as the capital of his kingdom ( 1 Kings 16:24 ). As such it possessed many advantages. Omri resided here during the last six years of his reign ( 1 Kings 16:23 ). Omri is thought to have granted the Arameans the right to "make streets in Samaria" as a sign of submission ( 1 Kings 20:34 ). It

315-462: A former national president of Hadassah , and her husband had just completed a visit to Palestine and were about to return to the US. Szold met her and explained the decision to initiate the major effort of Youth Aliyah and that Mrs de Sola Pool must convince Hadassah to accept it as an important project. She was convinced and, after convincing Hadassah, called Eddie Cantor , the actor-comedian. He wrote her

378-606: A home and a new and more meaningful life through the organization. The children come from a wide variety of backgrounds, and often have serious emotional, psychological and behavioral difficulties. Many come from disadvantaged, low income or dysfunctional families, very often single-parent families. They are often at risk because of poverty, neglect, domestic violence, sexual abuse, drug or alcohol abuse, mental illness, homelessness or delinquent behaviour. Other children suffer from cancer and need respite care, while others come from families that have been victims of terror. Alonei Yitzhak

441-428: A large, iron gate. A solitary, two-story stone building was also constructed which was intended to house the local people in times of trouble. The house was built in the style of 19th century houses in southern France and stands on the site to this day. Despite the large investment and effort expended on building the wall and the house, the members of Gdud HaAvodah left only a small contingent to stay on after completion of

504-456: A love of nature, humanity, a sense of justice and cooperation. Over the years kibbutz education changed, yet to this day kibbutz education is considered among the finest in the country. Ein Shemer's kindergartens have a special kibbutz character, based on treating each child individually and holistically, and at the same time creating a deep connection between the children, their natural surrounding and

567-581: A role in the absorption of young newcomers to Israel, particularly from the former Soviet Union and Africa. In addition, the organisation offers a second chance to Israeli youth who have been designated 'at risk' by child care authorities. Children in the care of Youth Aliyah are housed in five youth residential villages in Israel. The villages include schools, dorms, clubhouses and playgrounds, and offer emotional support, education, developmental training and extra-curricular activity. More than 2,000 children have found

630-565: A shekel, in the gates of Samaria" ( 2 Kings 6–7 ). Towards the end of the 8th century BCE, possibly in 722 BCE, Samaria was captured by the Neo-Assyrian Empire and became an administrative center under Assyrian, Babylonian , and Persian rule. Samaria was destroyed a second time by Alexander the Great in 331 BCE, and again by the Hasmonean king John Hyrcanus in 108 BCE. The city

693-475: A smithy, an exhibition hall and a school for blacksmiths founded by Uri Hofi, a blacksmith-artisan. On the grounds of the kibbutz is a relief sculpture of the sculptor Nathan Rapoport commemorating the operations that brought so-called "illegal" Jewish immigrants to the Land of Israel and the participation of Ein Shemer members in those operations. Another notable monument commemorates two paratroopers , members of

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756-499: A social transformation, as the center of social life went from the collective to the family unit. In the 1980s the children, who had slept in children's houses since the kibbutz was founded, began sleeping in their parents' homes. During the 1990s many items of consumption were privatized and the members' personal budgets were enlarged as the communal budget decreased in scope. From 2000 until 2011, an ongoing discussion raged concerning possible future distribution of differential salaries to

819-545: A work study training program but became a means to save Jewish children from the growing Nazi regime. The idea was supported by the World Zionist Organization . Freier supervised the organization's activities in Germany, and Henrietta Szold , after at first opposing Freier's initiative, in Jerusalem . Szold was skeptical about the merits of Freier's proposal because, as the person responsible for social services by

882-607: Is a Jewish organization that rescued thousands of Jewish children from the Nazis during the Third Reich . Youth Aliyah arranged for their resettlement in Palestine in kibbutzim and youth villages that became both home and school. Recha Freier , a rabbi's wife, founded Youth Aliyah in Berlin on the same day that Adolf Hitler took power, Monday 30 January 1933. The organisation was founded as

945-454: Is called Samirin, after its Aramaic name, Shamerayin. The city of Samaria gave its name to the mountains of Samaria , the central region of the Land of Israel , surrounding the city of Shechem . This usage probably began after the city became Omri's capital, but is first documented only after its conquest by Sargon II of Assyria , who turned the kingdom into the province of Samerina. Samaria

1008-562: Is frequently the subject of sieges in the biblical account. During the reign of Ahab , it says that Hadadezer of Aram-Damascus attacked it along with thirty-two vassal kings, but was defeated with a great slaughter ( 1 Kings 20:1–21 ). A year later, he attacked it again, but he was utterly routed once more, and was compelled to surrender to Ahab ( 1 Kings 20:28–34 ), whose army was no more than "two little flocks of kids" compared to that of Hadadezer ( 1 Kings 20:27 ). According to 2 Kings , Ben Hadad of Aram-Damascus laid siege to Samaria during

1071-664: The Early Bronze Age . The earliest reference to a settlement at this location may be the town of Shemer, or Shamir, which according to the Hebrew Bible was the home of the judge Tola in the 12th century BC ( Judges 10:1–2 ). Archaeological evidence suggests a small rural settlement existed in Samaria during Iron Age I (11–10th centuries BCE); remains from this period are several rock-cut installations, several flimsy walls, and typical pottery forms. Stager suggested to identify these remains with biblical Shemer's estate. Remains from

1134-470: The Jezreel Valley was one of the first cooperative settlements to host such groups. Many of the children found it difficult being separated from their families, and they often realized the reasons for their journey and that they would not be returning to Europe. Parents struggled with the decision to send off their children to Palestine and expected to join them there later on, however many were murdered in

1197-569: The Third Reich until they could immigrate to Palestine. Jewish immigration facilitated by the United Kingdom became increasingly difficult and complicated as the Italian-Abyssinian war affected Britain's relationship with Palestine. Starting in 1936, to appease Arabs that were against Jewish immigration, Britain greatly reduced the number of immigrants through the Youth Aliyah program. As a result, Britain shifted immigration internally within

1260-613: The "palace adorned with ivory" mentioned in the Bible ( 1 Kings 22:39 ). Some of the ivories are on display at the Israel Museum in Jerusalem and in other locations across the world. In the 1960s, further small scale excavations directed by Fawzi Zayadine were carried out on behalf of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan. Youth Aliya Youth Aliyah ( Hebrew : עלית הנוער, Aliyat Hano'ar , German: Jugend-Alijah, Youth Immigration)

1323-710: The Anna and the Ein Shemer, two species of apples now grown in various places in the world, as well as other species of apples and plums . Another member, Moshe Grossman, was one of the founders of Granot , an agricultural co-operative that has since become a major economical force in the Israeli agricultural market. Beginning in the 1970s the agricultural branches of the kibbutz were reduced in size and now include cotton and other field crops, avocado groves and cowsheds. Industrial and commercial branches were established and gained prominence in

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1386-712: The Balkans, which doubled the population of Ein Shemer. Others came through the Youth Aliya organization from Europe after the Holocaust and native Israelis joined in groups and individually. Kibbutz Ein Shemer is one of the founders of HaKibbutz HaArtzi , the settlement movement of HaShomer HaTzair, and was one of the first four such kibbutzim (today there are 85 in the movement out of a total of about 265 kibbutzim). Among Ein Shemer's members have been prominent personalities in state and movement institutions, including: Zvi Lurie , one of

1449-761: The British School of Archaeology in Jerusalem, the Palestine Exploration Fund , and the Hebrew University . A palace regarded as one of the largest Iron Age structures in the Levant was discovered during this excavation. Archeologists believe it was built during the 9th century BCE by the Omrides . The palace, constructed of massive roughly dressed blocks, is comparable in size and splendor to palaces built at

1512-586: The Holocaust, emissaries were sent to Europe to locate child survivors in displaced persons camps . A Youth Aliyah office was opened in Paris. Children's homes in Eastern Europe were moved to Western Europe, Youth Aliyah believing (correctly) that immigration from Communist countries would be difficult later on. In all 5,000 teenagers were brought to Palestine before World War II and educated at Youth Aliyah boarding schools. Others were smuggled out of occupied Europe in

1575-496: The Holocaust. Youth Aliyah had a quota system in which they required at least 60% of the children to be boys, in order to ensure that a substantial number could work on the farms. Just before the outbreak of World War II , when immigration certificates to Palestine became difficult to obtain, Youth Aliyah activists in London came up with an interim solution whereby groups of young people would receive pioneer training in countries outside

1638-471: The Jewish Agency for all of Palestine, she was extremely pressed for funds and loath to take on a new untried program for German Jewish children. Then Recha Freier approached Dr. Siegfried Lehman , founder and director of Ben Shemen Youth Village . He agreed to accept 12 children. Henrietta Szold was informed and changed her mind, agreeing to organize and lead the effort. At the time, Tamar de Sola Pool ,

1701-603: The Jewish community in Germany, who continued to believe that appeasement and accommodation was the best course for Germany's Jews. In 1938 she was expelled from the board of the organisation that she had founded, the Jewish Youth Support Committee, because of her controversial use of illegal methods. In 1940 she was denounced by colleagues for anti-Nazi agitation, but was warned in time, and managed to flee to Palestine, taking 40 teenagers with her. After World War II and

1764-559: The Jewish people in its ancient homeland, to work the land with their own hands and to make the Zionist vision come true. They had immigrated from Poland and had at first lived and worked at Ein Ganim near Petah Tikva , awaiting the opportunity to settle and make their contribution in Eretz Israel. Shavuot 1927 is considered the date of the founding of the kibbutz. In the coming years, more groups of HaShomer HaTzair pioneers from Poland joined

1827-568: The Kibbutz who were killed in the Six-Day War in 1967. Shemer Samaria ( Hebrew : שֹׁמְרוֹן Šōmrōn ; Akkadian : 𒊓𒈨𒊑𒈾 Samerina ; Greek : Σαμάρεια Samareia ; Arabic : السامرة as-Sāmira ) was the capital city of the Kingdom of Israel between c.  880 BCE and c.  720 BCE . It is the namesake of Samaria , a historical region bounded by Judea to

1890-554: The Levant. According to Israel Finkelstein , the first palace at Samaria, probably built by Omri (884–873 BCE), marked the beginning of the northern Kingdom of Israel's transformation into a more complex kingdom. A later urban transformation of the capital and the kingdom, he believes, was characteristic of the more advanced phase of the Omride dynasty , probably occurring during the reign of Ahab (873–852 BCE). Finkelstein also suggested that

1953-494: The Nazi regime. Despite waning British support, Youth Aliyah found modest success. Around 5,600 children immigrated to Palestine through the program. Most children came from Germany and Austria as a meager 139 Jewish children emigrated from Poland through the program, a devastating low number considering the hundreds of thousands of children who were left behind and eventually exterminated. Freier experienced significant opposition from

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2016-530: The United Kingdom. Out of the approximately 10,000 children who migrated to Great Britain under the auspices of the Kindertransport program, some intended to reach Palestine with Youth Aliyah at a later time. After this British policy was formulated in November 1938, it facilitated not only thousands of Jewish children settling in the United Kingdom on a permanent basis, but also 3,400 staying there temporarily on

2079-676: The area of the Biblical kingdom of Shemer , king of the Shomron. In 1913 a small group of young Jews belonging to the HaShomer (Watchmen's) organization chose to establish a guard post near the entrance to Wadi 'Ara , which would also serve as a way station for travelers between the Mediterranean coast and the Galilee. From then on, the place was inhabited on-and-off by a few groups of pioneers, each of which

2142-609: The assistance of architect C.S. Fisher and D.G. Lyon. Reisner's dig unearthed the Samaria Ostraca , a collection of 102 ostraca written in the Paleo-Hebrew Script . A second expedition was known as the Joint Expedition, a consortium of 5 institutions directed by John Winter Crowfoot between 1931 and 1935; with the assistance of Kathleen Mary Kenyon , Eliezer Sukenik and G.M. Crowfoot. The leading institutions were

2205-471: The autumn of 1943 and June 1945, it was home to 203 Group, RAF's 78 Operational Training Unit (OTU). It served as the workplace for as many as 600, mainly Arab, workers. This made it, in the opinion of its Commanding Officer, "the largest camp of its sort for civilian labour in the Middle East". From the 1940s onward, scores of new members joined the kibbutz, some of them HaShomer HaTzair members from Egypt and

2268-496: The biblical narratives surrounding the northern Israelite kings were composed either in Samaria or Bethel . After the fall of Israel during the 8th century, this information was brought to Judah , and later found its way into the Hebrew Bible. According to the Hebrew Bible , Omri , the king of the northern kingdom of Israel , purchased the hill from its owner, Shemer , for two talents of silver, and built on its broad summit

2331-567: The city was rebuilt and expanded by the Jewish king Herod the Great , who also fortified it and renamed it " Sebastia " in honour of the Roman emperor Augustus . The ancient city's hill is where the modern Palestinian village , retaining the Roman-era name Sebastia, is situated. The local archeological site is jointly administered by Israel and the Palestinian Authority , and is located on

2394-441: The community. Another unique educational enterprise is the regional high school, Mevo'ot 'Iron, which was founded in 1949 by members of Kibbutz Ein Shemer and which other kibbutzim, Ma'anit , Barkai , and Metzer later joined. Today the school is a drawing point for young people throughout the area, and has about 1,000 pupils, including young immigrants from Ethiopia and the former Soviet Union. For many years Ein Shemer had one of

2457-611: The construction. Of these, eventually only one person remained, who would later become the first member of Kibbutz Ein Shemer. His name was Shmuel Shuali and he was affectionately called Shmuel the First by his fellow kibbutz members and by what would be future generations of kibbutzniks. In 1927, the first pioneers of HaShomer HaTzair arrived at the site. The group consisted of 18 women and 36 men, all in their late teens and early twenties. These youngsters left behind parents, homes, and future careers in order to fulfill their dream of revitalizing

2520-477: The defense of that kibbutz and of the right of Jews to immigrate to the Land of Israel. In the ensuing combat one member, Elimelech Shtarkman, was killed and several others were wounded. In 1942 the British Royal Air Force built RAF Ein Shemer . During World War II it "was the largest military airfield in the country and home to seven Royal Air Force (RAF) squadrons and 1,500 RAF personnel." Between

2583-415: The early Iron Age II (IIA) are missing or unidentified; Franklin believes this phase consisted of merely an agricultural estate. In the 9th and the 8th centuries BCE, Samaria was the capital of the northern Kingdom of Israel . A massive royal acropolis was built on the site during the late Iron Age II, including a casemate wall and a palatial complex considered one of the largest Iron Age structures in

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2646-573: The early years of the war, some to Palestine, others to the United Kingdom and other countries. After the war an additional 15,000, most of them Holocaust survivors, were brought to Palestine. Later, Youth Aliyah became a department of the Jewish Agency . Over the years, the organization has brought young people to Israel from North Africa, Central and Eastern Europe, Latin America, the Soviet Union and Ethiopia. Youth Aliyah Child Rescue continues to play

2709-814: The first generation some of the prominent figures were: writers Moshe Zertal , Zvi Lurie , Rivka Gurfein , poets Azriel Ukhmani and Arieh Shamri , poet and translator Zvi Arad , caricaturist and artist Yitzhak (Ignatz) Palgi, architect Ya'akov (Kuba) Gever and many others. Among the second generation, the children of the Ein-Shemer founders, and the children's spouses, are: poet and author Eli Alon , artists Avital Geva , Zibi Geva and Tzilla Lis, archaeologist and author Adam Zertal , thinker and writer Avishai Grossman , educator and writer Rafael (Rafi) Shapira, musician Miri Grossberg, blacksmith artisan Uri Hofi , cinematographer Yigal Tibon , journalist, writer and historian Nardo Zalko and many others. Notable talents of

2772-435: The first group. Each group had its own name – Binyamina, Shomriya, BaDerech – which it kept even as its members were integrated into the kibbutz. The hardships were great. Decades later, it is hard to grasp the enormity of the self-sacrifice that they made in leaving their childhood homes, families, relatives, language and native land. Many of them came from affluent families and most never saw their families again. The lives of

2835-552: The hill's eastern slope. Samaria's biblical name, Šōmrōn (שֹׁמְרוֹן), means "watch" or "watchman" in Hebrew . The Hebrew Bible derives the name from the individual (or clan) Shemer (Hebrew: שמר ) , from whom King Omri (ruled 880s–870s BCE) purchased the hill in order to build his new capital city ( 1 Kings 16:24 ). In earlier cuneiform inscriptions, Samaria is referred to as "Bet Ḥumri" ( "the house of Omri "); but in those of Tiglath-Pileser III (ruled 745–727 BCE) and later it

2898-683: The kibbutz economy. A rubber factory , Ein Shemer Rubber Industries and a plastics factory, Miniplast Ein Shemer, were set up on the kibbutz in 1968 and 1976 respectively, and a small shopping center for the general public was established at the Karkur intersection nearby. Other sources of kibbutz income are from members who work outside the kibbutz, as well as personal initiatives such as the artistic blacksmith's forge, ecological greenhouse, film production company, event planning company, architect's office, center for holistic treatments and others. In

2961-466: The kibbutz members were almost unbearable and 80 of the 100 first members fell ill with malaria. In 1934 the kibbutz was finally hooked up to the electric grid, and only in 1935 water was found on the site, leading to a revolution in the development of the farmstead and to the erection of a local water tower. As members of HaShomer HaTzair, the founders sought ways to bring about cooperation and friendly relations with their Arab neighbors, and social contact

3024-509: The leading volleyball teams in Israel, and during the 1950s and 1960s the men's and women's teams were at the top of the national league. One of the high points for local sports fans was the game held in 1960 between HaPoel Ein Shemer and Galatasarai, a Turkish team, for which a playing court and bleachers were built on the kibbutz and still stand. Today Ein Shemer is a partner in a regional volleyball team, HaMa'apil-Ein-Shemer-Menashe. The kibbutz has been known for its artists and intellectuals. In

3087-411: The members – an issue that was decided upon on Sept. 11, 2011 and was put into effect on Jan. 1, 2012. Since that date Ein Shemer is privatized and belongs to a growing group of kibbutzim known as "renewing kibbutzim". Since its founding, education has been a main priority. The kibbutz children lived in a children's house with their peers, under the guidance of dedicated educators who nurtured in them

3150-478: The mid 1980s Ein Shemer, together with much of the kibbutz movement, underwent a severe economic downturn as a result of the monetary policy of the new right-wing Israeli government . At the end of the 1990s the kibbutz emerged from the crisis after signing an agreement among the kibbutz, the banks and the Israel Land Administration . At about the same time as the economic crisis, the kibbutz underwent

3213-532: The oak train (a reconstruction of the Ottoman Turkish train that ran through the region at the beginning of the last century) and an exhibit of tractors and agricultural machinery from the early 20th century. The Ecological Greenhouse is an educational center dealing with ecology and social commitment. Jewish and Arab youths participate in seminars and workshops devoted to peaceful co-existence, ecology, environment and scientific research. Hofi's Forge consists of

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3276-432: The reign of Jehoram , but just when success seemed to be within his reach, his forces suddenly broke off the siege, alarmed by a mysterious noise of chariots and horses and a great army, and fled, abandoning their camp and all its contents. The starving inhabitants of the city feasted on the spoils from the camp. As Prophet Elisha had predicted, "a measure of fine flour was sold for a shekel, and two measures of barley for

3339-629: The same period in northern Syria . It was surrounded by official administrative structures on the west and northeast. Six proto-Ionic capitals used as spolia discovered nearby may have originally adorned a monumental gateway to the palace. According to Norma Franklin, there is a possibility that the tombs of Omri and Ahab are located beneath the Iron Age palace. Excavations in the palace uncovered 500 pieces of carved ivory, portraying exotic animals and plants, mythological creatures, and foreign deities, among other things. Some scholars identified those with

3402-807: The signers of the Israeli Declaration of Independence; Israel (Kurt) Hertz, one of the leaders of the Histadrut; Ya'kov (Kuba) Riftin , a six-time Knesset member from the Mapam party; and David (Dado) Elazar , a member of the Yugoslavian youth group on Ein Shemer who went on to become commander-in-chief of the Israel Defense Forces . The kibbutz economy in the early years was based primarily on agriculture: flocks of sheep, herds of cows, orchards, orange groves and field crops. Ein Shemer member Abba Stein developed

3465-696: The south and by Galilee to the north. After the Assyrian conquest of Israel , Samaria was annexed by the Neo-Assyrian Empire and continued as an administrative centre. It retained this status in the Neo-Babylonian Empire and the Achaemenid Persian Empire before being destroyed during the Wars of Alexander the Great . Later, under the hegemony of the Roman Republic and the subsequent Roman Empire ,

3528-489: The third generation and their spouses include: author Rakefet Zohar, cinematographer Oren Tirosh, musician Zamir Golan and artist Atar Geva. The Old Courtyard is a reconstruction museum depicting early kibbutz settlement in Israel. It stands on the original one-acre site where the first pioneers established the kibbutz and features indoor and outdoor exhibits of the early years of kibbutz life, as well as activities such as bread baking. Other attractions are an operable oil press,

3591-567: The way to Palestine. As the war spread across Europe, the program expanded to save children from occupied countries such as Yugoslavia. Britain would continue to allow foreign policy to affect their support of the Youth Aliyah program which resulted in the organization saving less children from Nazi tyranny and violence. In 1938, the British government withdrew their previous support of the Balfour Declaration , limiting their commitment to create

3654-505: Was driven away by the harsh conditions – malaria, lack of water (until 1935, water had to be brought in by horse and cart from nearby Karkur ), remoteness from any other settlement, and World War I which was raging and making life difficult. In 1921, members of Gdud HaAvoda , the Work Battalion, arrived in order to build a one-acre, fortified courtyard. They constructed a two-meter high stone wall with slits for shooting at attackers and

3717-558: Was founded in 1948, houses 400 youth, and emphasises music, drama and dance. Neve Hadassah , near Netanya, houses 310 youth. Talpiot, in Hadera, houses 200 youth. Torah o'Mikzoah, south of Hadera, caters specifically to religious teenage boys unable to fit into a high school yeshiva environment. Alongside education in torah , it offers vocational training in motor mechanics and engineering. Yemin Orde , near Haifa, houses 500 youth. It has twice received

3780-585: Was rebuilt by Herod the Great between the years 30–27 BCE. According to Josephus , Herod rebuilt and expanded the city, bringing in 6,000 new inhabitants, and renamed it Sebastia ( Hebrew : סבסטי ) in the emperor's honor (translating the Latin epithet augustus to Greek sebastos , "venerable"). Samaria was first excavated by the Harvard Expedition, initially directed by Gottlieb Schumacher in 1908 and then by George Andrew Reisner in 1909 and 1910; with

3843-402: Was situated north-west of Shechem , located close to a major road heading to the Sharon Plain on the coast and on another leading northward through the Jezreel Valley to Phoenicia . This location may be related to Omri's foreign policy . Strategically perched atop a steep hill, the city had a clear and good view of the nearby countryside. The earliest settlement on the tell was dated to

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3906-482: Was slowly made with the farmers of the area. Yet during the 1930s and 1940s there were security concerns and tension. In 1938 two members of the kibbutz were murdered in an attack by an Arab gang. Following World War II kibbutz members took part in the so-called "illegal" immigration of Holocaust survivors to the Land of Israel, which was prohibited under the British Mandate. When British soldiers raided neighboring Kibbutz Giv'at Haim in 1945, Ein Shemer members rushed to

3969-479: Was the only great city of Israel created by the sovereign. All the others had been already consecrated by patriarchal tradition or previous possession. But Samaria was the choice of Omri alone. He, indeed, gave to the city which he had built the name of its former owner, but its especial connection with himself as its founder is proved by the designation which it seems Samaria bears in Assyrian inscriptions, "Beth-Khumri" ("the house or palace of Omri"). (Stanley) Samaria

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