The Ems ( German : Ems ; Dutch : Eems ) is a river in northwestern Germany . It runs through the states of North Rhine-Westphalia and Lower Saxony , and discharges into the Dollart Bay which is part of the Wadden Sea . Its total length is 362.4 kilometres (225.2 mi). The state border between the Lower Saxon area of East Friesland (Germany) and the province of Groningen (Netherlands), whose exact course was the subject of a border dispute between Germany and the Netherlands (settled in 2014), runs through the Ems estuary .
21-623: Eemshaven ( Dutch pronunciation: [eːmsˈɦaːvə(n)] ; English: Ems Harbor ) is a seaport in the province of Groningen in the north of the Netherlands . In 1968, the Dutch government declared the Ems estuary ( Eemsmond ) to be an economic key region. One of the key developments for the region was the construction of a seaport called Eemshaven. The port was officially opened by Queen Juliana in 1973. Industry and shipping were slow to develop at
42-632: A tidal river towards the Dutch city of Delfzijl . Between Emden and Delfzijl, the Ems forms the border between the Netherlands and Germany and was subject to a mild dispute: the Dutch believed that the border runs through the geographical centre of the estuary, whereas the Germans claimed it runs through the deepest channel (which is close to the Dutch coast ). As the parties are now friendly states with an open border,
63-399: A tourist resort. In Mexico as I saw it , published by Thomas Nelson , Mrs Alec Tweedie , writing in 1911 about a trip of 1900 to Mexico , compares the brick roads of Monterrey with those of Borkum, "the one spot on earth from which Jews are banished". This had to do with the aggressive and successful campaign of German tourists to keep Borkum free from Jewish visitors, as celebrated in
84-774: Is an island and a municipality in the Leer District in Lower Saxony , northwestern Germany . It is situated east of Rottumeroog and west of Juist . Borkum is bordered to the west by the Westerems strait (which forms the border with the Netherlands), to the east by the Osterems strait, to the north by the North Sea , and to the south by the Wadden Sea . It is the largest and westernmost of
105-535: Is situated at Eemshaven. One endpoint of the COBRAcable HVDC transmission line to Esbjerg , Denmark is also planned to be built here. Eemshaven is the landfall point for a high-speed transatlantic fiber-optic cable that connects the U.S. and Europe. On 23 September 2014, Google announced that it plans to spend $ 773 Million building a data center. Since 2022 this datacenter is up and running. The ferry connection from Eemshaven to Kristiansand started April 2022
126-579: The East Frisian Islands in the North Sea , due north of the Dutch province of Groningen . The island was formed in 1863 by two previously separate islands which were still separated by a shallow water. The seam between the former eastern and western parts is called Tüskendör ("through in between"). Borkum is the only East Frisian island that is under the influence of the North Sea all year round thanks to its 30 km (19 mi) distance from
147-530: The antisemitic "Borkum- Lied ". In 1910, British officers Captain Bernard Frederick Trench and Lieutenant Vivian H. Brandon were imprisoned for espionage for photographing the military installations on the island. On 19 and 20 December 1934, Wernher von Braun launched "Max" and "Moritz" , the two prototypes of the A2 - rocket . In 1944, the island was the site of the massacre of 7 American POWs. After
168-611: The 2020 founded cruise-ferry company Holland Norway Lines operated one ship, the MS Romantika on a route between Eemshaven and Kristiansand . The charter of the ship was announced on 1 November 2021, and was due to last three years with two one-year extensions. This route has now closed and the MS Romantika is moored at Emden in Germany. [REDACTED] Media related to Eemshaven at Wikimedia Commons Ems (river) The source of
189-464: The Earls of East Frisia , who developed trade, and the island became known as a centre of piracy and whaling. By 1781, violent storms in the 18th century divided Bant into three islands. As whaling decreased, the inhabitants became impoverished, and many left, with the island's population falling from 852 in 1776 to 406 by 1811. The first tourists arrived on the island in 1834, and the local economy improved as
210-701: The German island of Borkum from its neighbours Rottumeroog (Netherlands) and Memmert (Germany) continue the name "Ems", as they are called Westere(e)ms and Osterems (West and East Ems). The Ems is accompanied and crossed by different long-distance bicycle routes: The Ems was known to several ancient authors: Pliny the Elder in Natural History (4.14), Tacitus in the Annals (Book 1), Pomponius Mela (3.3), Strabo and Ptolemy , Geography (2.10). Ptolemy's name for it
231-615: The argument went no further than an agreement to disagree. The issue was settled amicably in October 2014. It became an active issue in late July 1914, when the Imperial German government began plans to mine the whole of the estuary that they claimed, in preparation for the launching of the Great War. The Dutch envoy in Berlin, Wilem Alexander Frederik Baron Gevers, tactfully announced the boundary
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#1732868839153252-440: The initial Franks . The Romans were quite interested in adding them to the empire, and to that end built a fort, Amisia, at the mouth of the Ems. As the river was navigable to their ships, they hoped to use it to access the tribes at its upper end. Surrounding the river for most of its length, however, were swamps, bogs and marshes. The Romans found they had no place to stand, could not pick the most favourable ground, because there
273-412: The land lost in that flood has been reclaimed in a series of initiatives from the 16th to the early 20th centuries. The river in 1277 curved north by Emden, covering the area of the current Emden harbor complex. Construction of canals in more modern times connected the Ems to other waterways, opening it as a highway of industrial transportation. Borkum Borkum ( Low German : Borkum, Börkum )
294-453: The mainland. The maritime climate is influenced by the Gulf Stream and the west wind zone with correspondingly high humidity throughout the year. This ensures varied weather with much sun and wind but also occasional rain and showers. Compared to the mainland, there is a climate with much milder winters and cooler summers without extremely cold or hot days. This is due to the buffering effect of
315-602: The river is in the southern Teutoburg Forest in North Rhine-Westphalia. In Lower Saxony, the brook becomes a comparatively large river. Here the swampy region of Emsland is named after the river. In Meppen the Ems is joined by its largest tributary, the Hase River. It then flows northwards, close to the Dutch border, into East Frisia . Near Emden , it flows into the Dollard bay (a national park ) and then continues as
336-401: The sea, which warms up slowly in spring and summer, but stores the warm temperatures longer in autumn. Mentioned as Burchana fabaria (island of beans) by both Strabo and Pliny the Elder , Borkum by the time of Charlemagne was part of a larger island called Bant , which consisted of the present day islands of Borkum, Juist , and the western part of Norderney . In 1484, Bant passed to
357-445: The site. In 2013, a ferry service connects to the German island of Borkum . A ferry service to Rosyth , Scotland, was to start by late October 2019. The plan was officially abandoned in 2020. A number of power plants operate at the site. Both Electrabel and NUON operate a gas-fired power plant there while RWE Innogy operates a wind farm at the site. RWE is operating a coal-fired plant. The static inverter station of HVDC NorNed
378-548: The war, these murders were prosecuted in the Borkum Island war crimes trial . The island is partially car-free . Off-season, driving by car is permitted everywhere, otherwise there are car-free zones . The only town on the island is also called Borkum. There is an airfield in the Tüskendör area. Borkum is served by ferries from Emden , Germany and Eemshaven , the Netherlands. The Borkumer Kleinbahn narrow-gauge railway connects
399-573: Was none, and could not in general follow the strategies and tactics developed by the Roman army . They were stopped at the Battle of Teutoburg Forest , 9 AD, and were checked again 6 years later. The Ems became a road leading nowhere for them, nor were they ever able to bridge the swamps satisfactorily with causeways. The Dollart Bay near Emden did not exist until 1277, when a catastrophic storm surge flooded 43 parishes and killed an estimated 80,000 people. Most of
420-828: Was the Amisios potamos, and in Latin Amisius fluvius. The others used the same, or Amisia, or Amasia or Amasios. The identification is certain, as it always is listed between the Rhine and the Weser , and was the only river leading to the Teutoburg Forest . The Amisius flowed from the Teutoburg Forest, home of the Cherusci , with the Bructeri and others bordering the river. These tribes were among
441-490: Was uncertain, and that the dispute was "opgeschort", which could mean either "suspended" or "resolved", depending on the context. The Dutch government endorsed the ambiguous declaration, thus relieving itself of an obligation to declare war on Germany for violating its neutrality. After the war, the dispute was resumed. Past Delfzijl, the Ems discharges into the Wadden Sea, part of the North Sea . The two straits that separate
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