34-578: Edward Smith-Stanley may refer to: Edward Smith-Stanley, 12th Earl of Derby (1752–1834), English politician Edward Smith-Stanley, 13th Earl of Derby (1775–1851), English politician and son of the above Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby (1799–1869), son of the above, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom See also [ edit ] Edward Stanley (disambiguation) Earl of Derby [REDACTED] Topics referred to by
68-578: A sweepstake horse race , won the following year by Derby's own horse, Bridget . The race, The Oaks , has been named after the estate since. At a celebration after Bridget's win, a similar race for colts was proposed and Derby tossed a coin with Sir Charles Bunbury for the honour of naming the race. Derby won, and the race became known as the Derby Stakes . Bunbury won the initial race in 1780 with his horse, Diomed ; Derby himself won it in 1787 with Sir Peter Teazle . His racing colours were black with
102-662: A descendant of Lady Katherine Grey , a great-granddaughter of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York . Grenville entered the House of Commons in February 1782 as member for the borough of Buckingham . He soon became a close ally of the prime minister, his cousin William Pitt the Younger . In September, he became secretary to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland , who was his brother George . He left
136-449: A divorce and that the Duke would then marry her. About one year after she left his house, Lord Derby made it known that he had no intention of divorcing his wife; at the same time, he continued to deny her access to her children. The countess was socially ostracised for the remainder of her life. Historian Peter Thomson suggests that the third of the couple's children, Lady Elizabeth Henrietta, was
170-594: A family of gamefowl, which would remain popular for nearly 200 years after his death. Derby built a cockpit in Preston at his own expense, and fought there or at Liverpool race meets. He and fellow cocker, General Yates, held annual cockfighting contests with regular stakes between 1,000-3,000 guineas to the winner. According to an obituary: So strong was the Earl's addiction to his favourite sport, that cocks have been introduced into his drawing-room, armed and spurred, even during
204-460: A major role at all times until 1801. The consensus of scholars is that war with France presented an unexpected complex of problems. There was a conflict between secular ideologies, the conscription of huge armies, the new role of the Russian Empire as a continental power, and especially the sheer length and cost of the multiple coalitions. Grenville energetically worked to build and hold together
238-637: A position and experience at debating for the administration in the Commons. After a number of years learning his craft, and being used by Pitt in diplomatic missions abroad, Pitt planned for Grenville to replace Lord Spencer as Home Secretary but the King's illness halted any movement. Now Pitt was concerned about his tenure as Minister, but the unexpected death of the House of Commons Speaker, Charles Wolfran Cornwall, meant that Grenville could be elected as Cornwall's replacement. In
272-442: A white cap. His influence on racing has been described as "crucial". Lord Derby's love for racing was surpassed only by his passion for gamefowl and cockfighting. As a game fowl breeder, Derby is said to have influenced contemporaries by proving that systematic breeding could be combined with a learned familiarity of one's fowl through daily, attentive care, to increase success. During his lifetime, Lord Derby established
306-418: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Edward Smith-Stanley, 12th Earl of Derby Edward Smith-Stanley, 12th Earl of Derby PC (1 September 1752 O.S. – 21 October 1834), usually styled Lord Stanley from 1771 to 1776, was a British peer and politician of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. He held office as Chancellor of
340-677: The Napoleonic Wars . As prime minister, his most significant achievement was the abolition of the slave trade in 1807. However, his government failed to either make peace with France or to accomplish Catholic emancipation and it was dismissed in the same year. Grenville was the son of the Whig Prime Minister George Grenville . His mother, Elizabeth , was the daughter of the Tory statesman Sir William Wyndham, 3rd Baronet . He had two elder brothers: Thomas and George . He
374-712: The Allied coalitions and paid suitable attention to smaller members such as Denmark and the Kingdom of Sardinia . He negotiated the complex alliance with Russia and the Austrian Empire . He hoped that with British financing, they would bear the brunt of the ground campaigns against the French. Grenville's influence was at the maximum during the formation of the Second Coalition . His projections of easy success were greatly exaggerated, and
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#1733086261510408-599: The British diplomat in France, James Harris Earl Malmesbury were unnecessarily harsh and uncompromising. Pitt therefore sent secret despatches of his own to Malmesbury hoping that in this way the negotiations for peace would be successful. George Canning, who was devoted to Pitt, had been made an under-secretary in the Foreign Department with the task to intercept despatches to Malmesbury for Pitt and send Pitt's messages, secretly to
442-555: The Colonies, and his younger brother, Thomas Grenville , served briefly as First Lord of the Admiralty. The Ministry ultimately accomplished little and failed either to make peace with France or to accomplish Catholic emancipation, the later attempt resulting in the ministry's dismissal in March 1807. It had one significant achievement, however, in the abolition of the slave trade in 1807. In
476-747: The Duchy of Lancaster in 1783 in the Fox–North coalition and between 1806 and 1807 in the Ministry of All the Talents . Derby was the son of James Smith-Stanley, Lord Strange (1716–1771), son of Edward Stanley, 11th Earl of Derby (1689-1776). His mother was Lucy Smith, a daughter and co-heiress of Hugh Smith of Weald Hall , Essex. His father had assumed the additional surname and arms of Smith by private Act of Parliament in 1747. Derby entered Eton College in 1764, proceeding to Trinity College, Cambridge in 1771. Derby
510-510: The House the following year and served in the government as Paymaster of the Forces from 1784 to 1789. In September 1784 his cousin, William Pitt the Younger, informed Grenville that the King had asked him pointedly when he would he return from his Continental tour? Pitt replied in six weeks, and therefore six weeks later George III asked Pitt, once more to become First Minister. This time he agreed. When in office Pitt drew Grenville closer giving him
544-470: The Speaker's chair Grenville would be a support to Pitt, who was attempting to stall legal proceedings for a Regency as long as he could. This was in the hope that the King would recover. Grenville therefore served briefly as Speaker of the House of Commons before he entered the cabinet as Home Secretary , in place of Lord Spencer and resigned his other posts. He became Leader of the House of Lords when he
578-564: The change, as Grenville preferred to remain in the less demanding Home Office, he submitted to Pitt's wishes and dutifully obeyed his cousin and exchanged the Home office seals for the Foreign Department. Grenville's decade as Foreign Secretary was dramatic with the Wars of the French Revolution . During the war, Grenville was the leader of the party that focused on the fighting on Continental Europe as
612-596: The diplomat. This disagreement in views continued whenever peace with France was discussed. Grenville left office with Pitt in 1801 over the issue of George III 's refusal to assent to Catholic emancipation . Grenville did part-time military service at home as Major in the Buckinghamshire Yeomanry cavalry in 1794 and as lieutenant-colonel in the South Buckinghamshire volunteer regiment in 1806. In his years out of office, Grenville became close to
646-499: The image of a fighting cock. He is thought to be the last member of the peerage to openly participate in the sport. Lord Derby married Lady Elizabeth , daughter of James Hamilton, 6th Duke of Hamilton , on 23 June 1774. They had three children: In the late 1770s, Lady Derby had a very public affair with John Frederick Sackville, 3rd Duke of Dorset . In 1779, the countess moved out of Lord Derby's house, leaving their children behind, apparently expecting that her husband would agree to
680-514: The key to victory and opposed the faction of Henry Dundas , which favoured war at sea and in the colonies. Grenville's focus led him to dispatch agents such as William Wickham to the Continent to collect information and engage with Royalists to counter the Revolution. Whilst acting as Foreign Secretary Grenville grew close to George III. The Secretary supported a vigorous war against the French and
714-463: The latter days of his life. For much of his career, Lord Derby employed a top feeder of the time, Paul Potter, to oversee his training. Potter's son handled these duties later in Lord Derby's life, and would, upon Lord Derby's death, receive possession of all Derby's birds, spurs, bags and fighting equipment, including the silk bags used for transporting the fowl, embroidered in Lord Derby's colours with
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#1733086261510748-621: The next 23 years but was once again Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster between 1806 and 1807 in the Ministry of All the Talents headed by Lord Grenville . Lord Derby also served as Lord Lieutenant of Lancashire between 1776 and 1834. He was also listed as a subscriber to the Manchester Bolton & Bury Canal navigation in 1791. At a dinner party in 1778 held on his estate "The Oaks" in Carshalton , Lord Derby and his friends planned
782-693: The opposition Whig leader Charles James Fox , and when Pitt returned to office in 1804, Grenville sided with Fox and did not take part. After Pitt's death in 1806, Grenville became the head of the " Ministry of All the Talents ", a coalition between Grenville's supporters, the Foxite Whigs, and the supporters of former Prime Minister Lord Sidmouth , with Grenville as First Lord of the Treasury and Fox as Foreign Secretary as joint leaders. Grenville's cousin William Windham served as Secretary of State for War and
816-401: The result of Lady Derby's affair with Dorset. Despite this, the Earl of Derby cared for the child after his wife left him. Lady Derby died at the age of 44 on 14 March 1797. Six weeks later, on 1 May 1797, Lord Derby married the actress Elizabeth Farren , daughter of George Farren. They had a daughter: Lord Derby survived his second wife by five years and died on 21 October 1834, aged 82. He
850-581: The result was another round of disappointment. His resignation in 1801 was caused primarily by George III 's refusal to allow Catholics to sit in Parliament. Dropmore House was built in the 1790s for Lord Grenville. The architects were Samuel Wyatt and Charles Tatham . Grenville knew the spot from rambles during his time at Eton College and prized its distant views of his old school and of Windsor Castle . On his first day in occupation, he planted two cedar trees. At least another 2,500 trees were planted. By
884-413: The same term This disambiguation page lists articles about people with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Edward_Smith-Stanley&oldid=980799619 " Category : Human name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
918-531: The time he died, his pinetum contained the biggest collection of conifer species in Britain. Part of the post-millennium restoration is to use what survives as the basis for a collection of some 200 species. Lord Grenville married Anne , daughter of Thomas Pitt, 1st Baron Camelford , in 1792. The marriage was childless and he produced no legitimate offspring during his lifetime. He died in January 1834, aged 74, when
952-684: The war policy of Lord Liverpool . In 1819, when the Marquess of Lansdowne brought forward his motion for an inquiry into the causes of the distress and discontent in the manufacturing districts, Grenville delivered a speech advocating repressive measures. His political career was ended by a stroke in 1823. Grenville also served as Chancellor of the University of Oxford from 1810 until his death in 1834. Historians find it hard to tell exactly which separate roles Pitt, Grenville and Dundas played in setting war policy toward France but agree that Grenville played
986-634: The years after the fall of the ministry, Grenville continued in opposition by maintaining his alliance with Lord Grey and the Whigs , criticising the Peninsular War and, with Grey, refusing to join Lord Liverpool 's government in 1812. In the postwar years, Grenville gradually moved back closer to the Tories but never again returned to the cabinet. In 1815, he separated from his friend Charles Grey and supported
1020-506: Was not in favour of making peace on terms which he considered beneath Britain's honour. Siding with the King, who wanted war to continue unless the Bourbons were restored in France, Grenville became an obstacle to Pitt's desire to make peace with France in 1797. As Foreign Secretary negotiations with foreign powers went through Grenville, including peace negotiations. Pitt was not happy with this arrangement when he saw that Grenville's despatches to
1054-457: Was raised to the peerage the next year as Baron Grenville , of Wotton under Bernewood in the County of Buckingham . In 1791, Grenville was again moved by Pitt into another office. This time he succeeded Francis Osborne, 5th Duke of Leeds as Foreign Secretary . Grenville was manoeuvred into position by Pitt when Leeds resigned over Pitt's change in policy regarding Russia. Although not happy with
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1088-589: Was returned to Parliament as one of two representatives for Lancashire in 1774, a seat he held until 1776, when he succeeded his grandfather in the earldom and entered the House of Lords . He served as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster between April and December 1783 in the Fox-North Coalition headed by the Duke of Portland and was sworn into the Privy Council the same year. He remained out of office for
1122-458: Was succeeded in the earldom by his son from his first marriage, Edward, Lord Stanley . William Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville William Wyndham Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville , (25 October 1759 – 12 January 1834) was a British Pittite Tory politician who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1806 to 1807, but was a supporter of the Whigs for the duration of
1156-516: Was thus uncle to the 1st Duke of Buckingham and Chandos . He was also related to the Pitt family by marriage since William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham , had married his father's sister Hester . The younger Grenville was thus the first cousin of William Pitt the Younger . Grenville was educated at Eton College ; Christ Church, Oxford ; and Lincoln's Inn . Grenville was the maternal great-grandson of Charles Seymour, 6th Duke of Somerset and therefore
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