A multiplex or mux , also known as a bouquet , is a grouping of program services as interleaved data packets for broadcast over a network or modulated multiplexed medium, particularly terrestrial broadcasting. The program services are broadcast as part of one transmission and split out at the receiving end.
23-542: 40°46′03″N 111°50′16″W / 40.7674°N 111.8378°W / 40.7674; -111.8378 The Dolores Doré Eccles Broadcast Center (often shortened to Eccles Broadcast Center ) is headquarters of three broadcast stations and a statewide educational consortium. The center houses KUED , KUER , KUEN and the Utah Education Network . The facility is northeast of the Jon M. Huntsman Center and southwest of
46-461: A fixed space previously used to transmit one analog TV service (varying between six and eight megahertz depending on the system used and bandplan). The capacity of a multiplex depends on several factors, including the video resolution and broadcast quality, compression method, bitrate permitted by the transmission standard, and allocated bandwidth; statistical time-division multiplexing is often used to dynamically allocate bandwidth in accordance with
69-487: A portion of the spectrum in each multiplex. The first multichannel broadcast in Australia was ABC Kids , which broadcast from 2001 to 2003; in the succeeding years, the country's commercial broadcasters also launched secondary services to compete against DVDs and online piracy. However, their ability to do so was hampered at first by a ban on adding channels, with a focus on such services as datacasting and high-definition. It
92-574: A two-part channel number (e.g. 20.1) consisting of a major and minor channel number. The digital conversion in countries where broadcasters retained control of their entire multiplex after switchover permitted broadcasters to introduce new supplemental and ancillary services, many of them national in scope. In Australia, Mexico, and the United States, new TV channels were introduced with national coverage. The licensing of such additional services varies according to national broadcasting regulations. In
115-566: Is located on Farnsworth Peak in the Oquirrh Mountains , southwest of Salt Lake City. KUED has a large network of broadcast translators that extend its over-the-air coverage throughout Utah. Prior to July 2018, KUED was one of two PBS member stations serving Utah, the other being Provo -licensed KBYU-TV (channel 11), owned by Brigham Young University . In October 2017, it was announced that KBYU would drop PBS programming on June 30, 2018, in favor of its own BYUtv service, leaving KUED as
138-541: The Ford Foundation made it possible from KUED to sign on the air. Early programming was purely educational, in some cases consisting of nothing more than a teacher standing in front of a chalk board and lecturing. About half of the programs aired were locally produced, with the rest coming from National Educational Television (NET) and other sources. When PBS succeeded NET in 1970, the focus of programming changed to educational and entertainment programming. For most of
161-756: The Huntsman Cancer Institute on the University of Utah campus in Salt Lake City . The facility started in 1993 with a $ 5.5 million gift from the George S. and Dolores Dore Eccles Foundation and included 59,191 square feet (5,499.0 m). An expansion, completed in 2001, added 40,307 square feet (3,744.6 m). The original structure cost $ 8.8 million. The cost of the expansion was $ 7.6 million according to an Open House brochure published December 7, 2001. Architect Dick Huss, AIA of Babcock Design Group planned
184-860: The federally mandated transition from analog to digital television . The station's digital signal remained on its pre-transition UHF channel 42, using virtual channel 7. KUED has two full power satellites serving rural areas of Utah, both digital-only: Notes: Aside from their transmitters, KUES and KUEW do not maintain any physical presence in their cities of license. Additionally, KUED can be seen on over 85 translator stations covering all of Utah, plus parts of Arizona , Idaho , Nevada and Wyoming . Repeater of KXLY-TV , Spokane, WA Repeater of KREM , Spokane, WA Repeater of KAYU-TV , Spokane, WA Repeater of KHQ-TV , Spokane, WA Multiplex (TV) The conversion from analog to digital television made it possible to transmit more than one video service, in addition to audio and data, within
207-409: The United States, a broadcast license covers the full 6 MHz channel and any services broadcast within it. The United Kingdom frequency plan includes three "universal" multiplexes for the national public service broadcasters and three commercial multiplexes broadcast from a total of 80 transmitter sites. The ISDB-T specification includes 1seg , a mobile media and data broadcasting service utilizing
230-418: The United States, such services are called digital multicast television networks or diginets. The term is also used in an otherwise unrelated sense to refer to additional channels offered by premium pay television services, such as HBO , similar to its meaning with regard to movie theaters . Depending on the type of transmission system, individual services are either numbered with whole numbers (e.g. 36) or
253-522: The additional capacity available on many converted stations. Diginets affiliate with individual stations in each market and are generally genre-specific in their programming. Diginets have continued to grow as more advanced encoders enable stations to add additional, income-generating ancillary services. Subchannels have also been used in smaller "short markets" with few full-power stations to provide in-market affiliates of additional major networks; by 2011, Fox had 35 such subchannel affiliates. Multiplexing
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#1733085507404276-537: The audience: in 2018, 7mate led the group with an audience share of 4.1 percent among metropolitan audiences. However, after the Australian Communications and Media Authority permitted the commercial broadcasters to move required children's programming and national drama commitments to their multichannels, ratings and visibility fell precipitously; by 2013, the ABC had more viewers for its children's channels than
299-509: The commercial broadcasters combined. The commercial broadcasters also became more reliant on news, sport, and reality competitions on their main channels. Each of the five major broadcasters offers its own suite of multichannels: In 2009, the Brazilian government ruled that only federally-owned television channels—namely TV Brasil , TV Senado , TV Câmara , TV Justiça , and TV Globo —could offer multiple channels of programming. The decision
322-687: The dominant cable provider in most of Montana, began phasing out KUED, with KUSM completely replacing KUED across TCI's footprint by 1990. After having branded with its call letters and channel number for virtually its entire history, KUED announced on November 4, 2019, that it would rebrand as "PBS Utah" on November 25, adopting the updated national PBS logo and branding that was unveiled the same day. The stations' signals are multiplexed : On March 7, 2017, KUED replaced V-me on digital 7.3 with PBS Kids . On December 29, 2017, KUED added Create on digital subchannel 7.4. KUED shut down its analog signal, over VHF channel 7, on June 12, 2009, as part of
345-821: The first station in Canada to launch original content on its multiplex channels. In 2015, the Federal Telecommunications Institute (IFT) formally authorized broadcasters to apply for permission to add subchannels. In 2016, the IFT began assigning virtual channels to stations based on their programming, grouping transmitters of the same national network. In 2010, multiplex licensees in Spain were permitted to add two new channels to their services. The Supreme Court of Spain ruled in December 2012 to void this action, stating that
368-461: The move was illegal as it did not award the channels by way of a public bidding process. As a result, a total of nine channels closed down on May 6, 2014. Commercial and non-commercial broadcasters began experimenting with additional subchannels over the course of the 2000s. After the digital television transition in 2009, a new crop of national services, known as digital multicast television networks or diginets, began to emerge, taking advantage of
391-522: The needs of each individual service. Each service in a multiplex has a separate virtual channel (also known as a logical channel number) for identification and tuning. Depending on the country, a multiplex may be controlled by one broadcaster offering multiple subchannels or may feature services from multiple broadcasters with separate licenses. Multiplexing has made it possible for many new free-to-air television services to be introduced, some of them expressly designed for carriage as additional channels. In
414-480: The original structure and the addition. Okland Construction Company served as general contractor. KUED KUED (channel 7), branded PBS Utah , is a PBS member television station in Salt Lake City, Utah , United States. The station is owned by the University of Utah , and has studios at the Eccles Broadcast Center on Wasatch Drive in the northeastern section of Salt Lake City; its transmitter
437-533: The sole PBS station for the state. The station first signed on the air on January 20, 1958, with an episode of The Friendly Giant . The station originally broadcast from improvised studios set up in the basement of the old student union building on the University of Utah campus. The station had humble beginnings with no props, primitive equipment, and a donated transmitter, courtesy of Time-Life Inc. , then-owners of KTVT (channel 4, now KTVX ). A $ 100,000 grant from
460-627: The time from 1965 to 1988, KUED was the default NET/PBS member station for most of Montana ; cable systems in most of the state from Butte eastward piped in KUED. When KUSM signed on from Bozeman as the first public television station in Montana, it simulcast KUED for PBS programming for its first three years on the air as part of a partnership between the U of U and KUSM's owner, Montana State University . This gave KUSM time to train its staff and build local support. In 1988, TCI Cable , which by then had become
483-462: Was extended first to April 2022 and then December 2023. The Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) requires stations to file licence amendments in order to be considered for permission to carry digital subchannels. On August 17, 2012, the CRTC gave approval to Leamington, Ontario , community station CFTV-TV to broadcast four local subchannels on its digital signal, making it
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#1733085507404506-539: Was made, per an advisor to the Brazilian communications ministry, to prevent the leasing of channels to broadcast infomercials and church services. The effect of the decision was to bar new entrants without their own stations from increasing commercial competition. During the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil , educational and commercial broadcasters were allowed to introduce subchannels, primarily to carry educational programming, which
529-549: Was not until 2009 that commercial broadcasters were allowed to add multichannels; in that year, the three major networks all did so, bringing the number of channels they offered from three to eleven. The original commercial multichannels were generalist in nature, which made it difficult for advertisers to target specific demographics and therefore made them less lucrative. The shift to specifically targeted services and their reliance on existing programming has allowed these channels to survive despite drawing comparatively low shares of
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