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Information technology infrastructure is defined broadly as a set of information technology (IT) components that are the foundation of an IT service; typically physical components ( computer and networking hardware and facilities), but also various software and network components.

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37-549: The Planet was a privately held dedicated server company based in Texas. In May 2006, the company merged with Everyone's Internet , which used the EV1 Servers brand. In 2010, they merged with SoftLayer . All services provided by both companies were then operated under the SoftLayer name. The Planet's support system was called Orbit and was located at orbit.theplanet.com . Prior to

74-460: A dedicated hosting service offers the benefits of high performance, security, email stability, and control. Due to the relatively high price of dedicated hosting, it is mostly used by websites that receive a large volume of traffic. Availability, price and employee familiarity often determines which operating systems are offered on dedicated servers. Variations of Linux and Unix ( open source operating systems ) are often included at no charge to

111-413: A fixed monthly price to include specific software packages. Over the years, software vendors realized the significant market opportunity to bundle their software with dedicated servers. They have since started introducing pricing models that allow dedicated hosting providers the ability to purchase and resell software based on reduced monthly fees. Microsoft offers software licenses through a program called

148-424: A higher quality provider. One aspect of higher quality providers is they are most likely to be multi-homed across multiple quality up-link providers, which in turn, provides significant redundancy in the event one goes down in addition to potentially improved routes to destinations. Bandwidth consumption over the last several years has shifted from a per megabit usage model to a per gigabyte usage model. Bandwidth

185-453: A hybrid (combination of physical and virtual) hosting solution. There are many similarities between standard and complex managed hosting but the key difference is the level of administrative and engineering support that the customer pays for – owing to both the increased size and complexity of the infrastructure deployment. The provider steps in to take over most of the management, including security, memory, storage and IT support. The service

222-612: A large investment in core routers, long term contracts, and expensive monthly bills would need to be in place. The expenses needed to develop a network without a multi-provider blend of bandwidth does not make sense economically for hosting providers. Many dedicated server providers include a service level agreement based on network up-time. Some dedicated server hosting providers offer a 100% up-time guarantee on their network. By securing multiple vendors for connectivity and using redundant hardware, providers are able to guarantee higher up-times; usually between 99 and 100% up-time if they are

259-468: A robust, interconnected IT Infrastructure. With the current speed that technology changes and the competitive nature of businesses, IT leaders have to ensure that their IT Infrastructure is designed such that changes can be made quickly and without impacting the business continuity. While traditionally companies used to typically rely on physical data centers or colocation facilities to support their IT Infrastructure, cloud hosting has become more popular as it

296-496: A traditional, cloud or hyper converged IT Infrastructure. There are many functioning parts that go into the health of an IT infrastructure. In order to contribute positively to the organization, employees can acquire abilities to benefit the company. These include key technical abilities such as cloud, network, and data administration skills and soft abilities such as collaboration and communication skills. As data storage and management becomes more digitized, IT Infrastructure

333-512: Is a type of Internet hosting in which the client leases an entire server not shared with anyone else. This is more flexible than shared hosting , as organizations have full control over the server(s), including choice of operating system , hardware , etc. There is also another level of dedicated or managed hosting commonly referred to as complex managed hosting. Complex managed hosting applies to both physical dedicated servers, hybrid server and virtual servers , with many companies choosing

370-426: Is an all-inclusive set of software applications, server applications, and automation tools that can be installed on a dedicated server. Control panels include integration into web servers, database applications, programming languages, application deployment, server administration tasks, and include the ability to automate tasks via a web based front end. Many providers do not allow IRC (bots, clients or daemons). This

407-499: Is defined as having a web based control panel while other providers define it as having dedicated system engineers readily available to handle all server and network related functions of the dedicated server provider. Server management can include some or all of the following: Dedicated hosting server providers define their level of management based on the services they provide. In comparison, fully managed could equal self managed from provider to provider. Administrative maintenance of

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444-538: Is due to rogue IRC users triggering DDoS attacks against the provider, which may overwhelm their networks, lowering service quality for all customers. IT infrastructure According to the ITIL Foundation Course Glossary, IT Infrastructure can also be termed as “All of the hardware, software, networks, facilities, etc., that are required to develop, test, deliver, monitor, control or support IT services. The term IT infrastructure includes all of

481-427: Is easier to manage and scale. IT Infrastructure can be managed by the company itself or it can be outsourced to another company that has consulting expertise to develop robust infrastructures for an organization. With advances in online outreach availability, it has become easier for end users to access technology. As a result, IT infrastructures have become more complex and therefore, it is harder for managers to oversee

518-428: Is not possible. Therefore, in a sense, the internet itself would not be possible. It's important to emphasize that fiber optics play a crucial role in a network infrastructure. Fiber optics serve as the primary means for connecting network equipment and establishing connections between buildings. Different types of technological tasks may require a tailored approach to the infrastructure. These can be achieved through

555-495: Is primarily proactive in nature. Server administration can usually be provided by the hosting company as an add-on service. In some cases a dedicated server can offer less overhead and a larger return on investment . Dedicated servers are hosted in data centers , often providing redundant power sources and HVAC systems. In contrast to colocation , the server hardware is owned by the provider and in some cases they will provide support for operating systems or applications. Using

592-485: Is targeted towards clients with less technical knowledge, whereas dedicated hosting services, or unmanaged hosting services, are suitable for web development and system administrator professionals. To date, no industry standards have been set to clearly define the management role of dedicated server providers. What this means is that each provider will use industry standard terms, but each provider will define them differently. For some dedicated server providers, fully managed

629-469: Is the total Mbit/s allocated to the server and configured on the switch level. Unmetered bandwidth services usually incur an additional charge. Some providers will calculate the Total Transfer, which is the measurement of actual data leaving and arriving, measured in bytes. Although it is typically the sum of all traffic into and out of the server, some providers measure only outbound traffic (traffic from

666-592: The ITIL framework helps address these issues and allows the company to be more cost effective which helps IT managers to keep the IT Infrastructure functioning. Even though the IT infrastructure has been around for over 60 years, there have been incredible advances in technology in the past 15 years. The primary components of an IT Infrastructure are the physical systems such as hardware, storage, any kind of routers/switches and

703-655: The Information Technology but not the associated People, Processes and documentation.” In IT Infrastructure, the above technological components contribute to and drive business functions. Leaders and managers within the IT field are responsible for ensuring that both the physical hardware and software networks and resources are working optimally. IT infrastructure can be looked at as the foundation of an organization's technology systems, thereby playing an integral part in driving its success. All organizations who rely on technology to do their business can benefit from having

740-596: The Service Provider License Agreement. The SPLA model provides use of Microsoft products through a monthly user or processor based fee. SPLA software includes the Windows Operating System, Microsoft SQL Server, Microsoft Exchange Server, Microsoft SharePoint and shoutcast hosting, and many other server based products. Other software applications available are specialized web hosting specific programs called control panels. Control panel software

777-567: The building itself but also networks and software . In addition to these components, there is the need for “IT Infrastructure Security”. Security keeps the network and its devices safe in order to maintain the integrity within the overall infrastructure of the organization. Specifically, the first three layers are directly involved with IT Infrastructure. The physical layer serves as the fundamental layer for hardware. The second and third layers (Data Link and Network), are essential for communication to and from hardware devices. Without this, networking

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814-494: The company to PeoplePC , another dialup Internet service provider. Some users were upset because PeoplePC requires a dialer, which does not work on all operating systems, and therefore opted to move to other Internet service providers. As of January 2007 the EV1 name was dropped following the merger of The Planet and EV1. On March 1, 2004, EV1Servers.Net announced it had licensed SCO Group 's alleged intellectual property, saying that it

851-490: The customer. Commercial operating systems include Microsoft Windows Server, provided through a special program called Microsoft Services Provider License Agreement , or SPLA. Red Hat Enterprise is a commercial version of Linux offered to hosting providers on a monthly fee basis. The monthly fee provides OS updates through the Red Hat Network using an application called Yum . Other operating systems are available from

888-429: The cutoff at 95th percentile, with 5% of measurements above the value, and 95% of measurements below the value. This is also known as Burstable billing . Line speed is measured in bits per second (or kilobits per second, megabits per second or gigabits per second). The second bandwidth measurement is unmetered service where providers cap or control the "top line" speed for a server. Top line speed in unmetered bandwidth

925-407: The deal, it was not out of line with the number of sites EV1 loses in a typical month. A Utah court document filed on April 5, 2006, revealed that Robert Marsh, co-founder and CEO of EV1, was misled by SCO's Philip Langer's claims when making the deal, and that EV1 paid $ 800,000 for the license. Dedicated server A dedicated hosting service , dedicated server , or managed hosting service

962-571: The end to end operations. In order to mitigate this issue, strong IT Infrastructures require employees with varying skill sets. The fields of IT management and IT service management rely on IT infrastructure, and the ITIL framework was developed as a set of best practices with regard to IT infrastructure. The ITIL framework assists companies with the ability to be responsive to technological market demands. Technology can often be thought of as an innovative product which can incur high production costs. However,

999-534: The merger of The Planet and SoftLayer was effective. On November 16, 2010, The Planet was rebranded SoftLayer as part of the merger. On June 4, 2013, IBM announced its acquisition of SoftLayer. Everyone's Internet was originally a Houston, Texas -based internet service provider . It was formed on October 6, 1998 by Robert A. Marsh , Roy Marsh III, and Randy Williams. Its service was available nationwide. Since 2000, Everyone's Internet's focus shifted toward Web hosting through its EV1 Servers subsidiary. This company

1036-606: The merger, The Planet operated under several different brands. They included: "Server Matrix", which served the low-price end of the market; "Total Control", which featured servers with complete remote control, such as Dell DRAC and Remote Console capabilities; Orbit was the main way customers knew they were dealing with The Planet as a company rather than with one of the different brands they operated. The Planet then sold servers almost exclusively through their website rather than different brands which had been unified into their website. On November 10, 2010, GI Partners announced that

1073-599: The open source community at no charge. These include CentOS , Fedora Core , Debian , and many other Linux distributions or BSD systems FreeBSD , NetBSD , OpenBSD . Support for any of these operating systems typically depends on the level of management offered with a particular dedicated server plan. Operating system support may include updates to the core system in order to acquire the latest security fixes, patches, and system-wide vulnerability resolutions. Updates to core operating systems include kernel upgrades, service packs, application updates, and security patches that keep

1110-410: The operating system, often including upgrades, security patches , and sometimes even daemon updates are included. Differing levels of management may include adding users, domains, daemon configuration, or even custom programming. Dedicated server hosting providers may provide the following types of server managed support: Dedicated hosting server providers utilize extreme security measures to ensure

1147-401: The safety of data stored on their network of servers. Providers will often deploy various software programs for scanning systems and networks for obtrusive invaders, spammers, hackers, and other harmful problems such as Trojans , worms, and crashers (Sending multiple connections). Linux and Windows use different software for security protection. Providers often bill for dedicated servers on

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1184-416: The server secure and safe. Operating system updates and support relieves the burden of server management from the dedicated server owner. Bandwidth refers to the data transfer rate or the amount of data that can be carried from one point to another in a given time period (usually a second) and is often represented in bits (of data) per second (bit/s). Line speed, billed on the 95th percentile, refers to

1221-411: The server to the internet). One of the reasons for choosing to outsource dedicated servers is the availability of high powered networks from multiple providers. As dedicated server providers utilize massive amounts of bandwidth, they are able to secure lower volume based pricing to include a multi-provider blend of bandwidth. To achieve the same type of network without a multi-provider blend of bandwidth,

1258-406: The speed in which data flows from the server or device, measured every five minutes for the month, and dropping the top 5% of measurements that are highest, and basing the usage for the month on the next-highest measurement. This is similar to a median measurement, which can be thought of as a 50th percentile measurement (with 50% of measurements above, and 50% of measurements below), whereas this sets

1295-636: Was a dedicated server hosting market. At its peak in 2006, EV1 Servers hosted over 30,000 servers. In May 2006, private equity firm GI Partners bought a controlling investment in Everyone's Internet. At the same time, Everyone's Internet announced that it was merging with The Planet, in which GI Partners had invested. The CEO of EV1 Servers was Doug Erwin, from GI Partners, after they gained control of EV1 Servers. In October 2006, Everyone's Internet announced that it would stop providing dial-up Internet access starting November 12 and sold their dialup portion of

1332-428: Was looking to offer its customers stability in the wake of SCO's protracted battle with the open source community. However, the deal was perceived by Linux users as using a licensing deal to support SCO Group's lawsuit against Linux. On March 25, 2004, Netcraft reported EV1 had lost 1,080 Web sites in the previous 30 days. Robert Marsh, CEO of Everyones Internet, said that although EV1 had lost some hosting business since

1369-500: Was traditionally measured inline speed access that included the ability to purchase needed megabits at a given monthly cost. As the shared hosting model developed, the trend towards gigabyte or total bytes transferred, replaced the megabit line speed model so dedicated server providers started offering per gigabyte. Dedicated hosting services primarily differ from managed hosting services in that managed hosting services usually offer more support and other services. As such, managed hosting

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