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30-620: The Crichton is an institutional campus in Dumfries in southwest Scotland. It serves as a remote campus for the University of Glasgow , the University of the West of Scotland , Dumfries and Galloway College , and the Open University . The site also includes a hotel and conference centre, and Crichton Memorial Church, set in a 100-acre (40-hectare) park. The campus was established in the 19th century as

60-481: A 125-year lease on the site in 2004. Dumfries and Galloway College moved to a new purpose-built £40 million building within the grounds in 2008. The last of the mental health wards finally closed in 2013, concluding the site's use as a hospital. The courses on offer at the Crichton University Campus include business, computing, teacher training and nursing courses. The Crichton Carbon Centre, housed in

90-487: A bowling alley, massage rooms, organic gardens, and eighteen cafeterias with diverse menus. Google installed replicas of SpaceShipOne and a dinosaur skeleton. Since 2017, solar panels cover the rooftops of eight buildings and two solar carports, capable of producing 1.6 megawatts of electricity. At the time of installation, Google believed it to be the largest in the United States among corporations. The panels provide

120-658: A few blocks away. In September 2023, Google announced the Google Visitor Experience, a visitor center next to the Googleplex which occupies the building formerly known as Charleston East, and now known as Gradient Canopy. The visitor center includes a Google Store , a public plaza, a café, and public art, and opened on October 12, 2023. The Googleplex is located between Charleston Road, Amphitheatre Parkway, and Shoreline Boulevard in north Mountain View, California , close to

150-599: A given institution, either academic or non-academic. Examples include the Googleplex and Apple Park . The word derives from a Latin word for "field" and was first used to describe the large field adjacent Nassau Hall of the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University ) in 1774. The field separated Princeton from the small nearby town. Some other American colleges later adopted the word to describe individual fields at their own institutions, but "campus" did not yet describe

180-522: Is the corporate headquarters complex of Google and its parent company, Alphabet Inc . It is located at 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway in Mountain View, California . The original complex, with 2 million square feet (190,000 square meters) of office space, is the company's second largest square footage assemblage of Google buildings, after Google's 111 Eighth Avenue building in New York City , which

210-585: The Computer History Museum , and Century Theatres . Moffett Field is nearby to the east. Google in its 2012-year-end annual report said it had 3.5 million square feet of office space in Mountain View. Google has another large campus in Mountain View dubbed "The Quad" at 399 North Whisman Road about 3 miles (5 kilometers) from the Googleplex. In 2013, Google leased the entire Mayfield Mall , an enclosed shopping mall that last operated in 1984 and

240-664: The National Health Service in 1948. In 1995 the Crichton Development Company was established to regenerate the redundant hospital. Several buildings were converted for business park use, while the central area was maintained as a public park. A golf course was developed to the west of the site, and a hotel and conference centre were opened. Prince Charles visited the site and unveiled a statue of Elizabeth Crichton in May 2000. The Crichton Development Company acquired

270-658: The Shoreline Park wetlands . Employees living in San Francisco, the East Bay, or South Bay may take a free Wi-Fi -enabled Google shuttle to and from work. The shuttles are powered by a fuel blend of 95% petroleum diesel and 5% biodiesel and have the latest emissions reduction technology. To the north lies the Shoreline Amphitheatre and Intuit , and to the south lies Microsoft 's Silicon Valley research complex,

300-581: The 42-acre (17-hectare) site. Google planned in 2015 a 60-acre (24-hectare) addition designed by Heatherwick Studio and Bjarke Ingels in North Bayshore. The site, however, was granted to LinkedIn by the city councilors and the Google project was revised in 2016, with 3 buildings to be built on 2 different sites east of Googleplex in Mountain View: one immediately next to Googleplex, and the two smaller ones

330-543: The Crichton Royal Hospital, a psychiatric hospital . The last, and grandest, of Scotland's royal asylums was founded in Dumfries in 1838 by Elizabeth Crichton of Friars Carse (1779–1862), a wealthy local widow. Elizabeth Crichton's initial intention had been to found a university in Dumfries but she was blocked from doing so by the existing Scottish universities . The original hospital building, now Crichton Hall,

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360-459: The Crichton for almost twenty years (1838-1857) and made a decisive contribution to asylum psychiatry, setting benchmark standards in therapeutic administration. He also hoarded a vast collection of patient art. The Crichton became widely known in the twentieth century for psychiatric research under the leadership of German Jewish émigrés, including Dr Willi Mayer-Gross. Psychotherapist Ursula Fleming

390-612: The Emotions in Man and Animals (1872). The hospital was expanded in the late 19th century, when Sydney Mitchell & Wilson added various buildings, including the Crichton Memorial Church. It is now a category A listed building . Further villas were constructed between 1910 and 1914 by Mitchell's assistant Ernest Auldo Jamieson, and yet further between 1923 and 1936. The hospital became the Crichton Royal Hospital in 1945 and it joined

420-451: The Googleplex, for $ 319 million. Because the buildings are of relatively low height, the complex sprawls out over a large area of land. The interior of the headquarters is furnished with items like shade lamps and giant rubber balls and the lobby contains a piano and a projection of current live Google search queries. Facilities include free laundry rooms (Buildings 40, 42 & CL3), two small swimming pools, multiple sand volleyball courts,

450-712: The Rutherford/McCowan building, is one of only two places where the Carbon Management postgraduate degree is available in Scotland. The University of Glasgow offers an MA in Health and Social Policy, an MA Primary Education Programme with Teaching Qualification and a BSc in Environmental Science and Sustainability on the campus. Campus A modern campus is a collection of buildings and grounds that belong to

480-566: The SGI project was a significant departure from typical corporate campuses and which challenged conventional thinking about private and public space, and awarded the project the ASLA Centennial Medallion in 1999. The former SGI facilities were leased by Google beginning in 2003. A redesign of the interiors was completed by Clive Wilkinson Architects in 2005. In June 2006, Google purchased some of Silicon Graphics's properties, including

510-504: The Scottish and English collegiate system. The campus evolved from the cloistered model in Europe to a diverse set of independent styles in the United States. Early colonial colleges were all built in proprietary styles, with some contained in single buildings, such as the campus of Princeton University or arranged in a version of the cloister reflecting American values, such as Harvard's. Both

540-400: The campus designs and the architecture of colleges throughout the country have evolved in response to trends in the broader world, with most representing several different contemporary and historical styles and arrangements. The meaning expanded to include the whole university institutional property during the 20th century, with the old meaning persisting into the 1950s in some places. In

570-495: The company bought in 2010. "Googleplex" is a portmanteau of Google and complex (meaning a complex of buildings ) and a reference to googolplex , the name given to the large number 10 , or 10 . The site was previously occupied by Silicon Graphics (SGI). The office space and corporate campus is located within a larger 26-acre (11-hectare) site that contains Charleston Park, a 5-acre (2-hectare) public park; improved access to Permanente Creek; and public roads that connect

600-582: The corporate site to Shoreline Park and the Bay Trail. The project, launched in 1994, was built on the site of one of the few working farms in the area and was city owned at the time (identified as "Farmer's Field" in the planning documents). It was a creative collaboration between SGI, StUDIOS Architecture, SWA Group, and the Planning and Community Development Agency of the City of Mountain View, California . The objective

630-503: The early 1990s the term began to be used to describe a company's office building complex, most notably when Apple 's Infinite Loop campus was first built, which at the time was exclusively for research and development. The Microsoft Campus in Redmond, Washington , is another example of this usage, although it was built in the 1980s, before the term was applied to company property. In the 21st century, hospitals and even airports sometimes use

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660-530: The power for 30% of the peak electricity demand in their solar-powered buildings. Four 100 kW Bloom Energy Servers were shipped to Google in July 2008, as the first customer of Bloom Energy. The Android lawn statues were outside of Building 44 on Charleston Road, and were relocated on the Google campus at 1981 Landings Drive. They include a giant green statue of the Android logo and additional statues to represent all

690-467: The term to describe the territory of their respective facilities. The word campus has also been applied to European universities, although some such institutions (in particular, "ancient" universities such as Bologna , Padua , Oxford and Cambridge ) are characterized by ownership of individual buildings in university town -like urban settings rather than sprawling park-like lawns in which buildings are placed. Googleplex The Googleplex

720-540: The versions of the Android operating system. In 2013, construction began on a new 1.1-million-square-foot (100,000-square-meter) campus dubbed "Bay View", adjoining the original campus on 42 acres (17 ha) leased from the NASA Ames Research Center and overlooking San Francisco Bay at Moffett Federal Airfield . The estimated cost of the project was $ 120 million with a target opening date of 2015. NBBJ

750-446: The whole university property. A school might have one space called a campus, another called a field, and still another called a yard. The tradition of a campus began with the medieval European universities where the students and teachers lived and worked together in a cloistered environment. The notion of the importance of the setting to academic life later migrated to America, and early colonial educational institutions were based on

780-666: Was designed by William Burn and opened as the Crichton Institution for Lunatics in 1839. It became the Crichton Royal Institution in 1840. The Southern Counties Asylum, which was intended to provide facilities for paupers, was erected on the site in 1849 and subsequently amalgamated with the main facility. Elizabeth Crichton persuaded the phrenologist William A. F. Browne (1805–1885) to become medical superintendent and to implement his innovative ideas of occupational therapy and art therapy . Browne remained at

810-534: Was educated at the hospital and Kate Fraser , an early Scottish psychiatrist, was a junior resident at the hospital. Among the people to have been treated there are artist Charles Altamont Doyle (father of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle ), William James Blacklock , Lydia Miller (widow of Hugh Miller ), and feminist writer Dora Marsden . An unidentified female patient of Dr James Gilchrist was featured as an illustration ( Figure 19 ) in Charles Darwin's The Expression of

840-404: Was leased by Hewlett-Packard from 1986 to 2002. The semi-secret Google X Lab , which is the development lab for items such as Google Glass , is located in "ordinary two-story red-brick buildings" about 1 ⁄ 2 mile (800 meters) from the Googleplex. It has a "burbling fountain out front and rows of company-issued bikes, which employees use to shuttle to the main campus." The Googleplex

870-572: Was the architect and this was the first time Google has designed its own buildings. The addition is off the northeast corner of the complex, by the Stevens Creek Nature Study Area and Shoreline Park . Before announcing the construction, Google, through its internal real estate firm, Planetary Ventures, sought permission from the City of Mountain View to build bridges over the adjacent Stevens Creek . Google's 2012 year-end annual report noted it can develop only 7 acres (2.8 ha) of

900-400: Was to develop in complementary fashion the privately owned corporate headquarters and adjoining public greenspace. Key design decisions placed parking for nearly 2000 cars underground, enabling SWA to integrate the two open spaces with water features, shallow pools, fountains, pathways, and plazas. The project was completed in 1997. The American Society of Landscape Architects (ASLA) noted that

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