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94-399: Japanese drama series are broadcast in three-month seasons: winter (January–March), spring (April–June), summer (July–September), and autumn or fall (October–December). Some series may start in another month though it may still be counted as a series of a specific season. Most of the dramas air on weekday evenings between 9pm and 11pm. Daytime dramas are typically broadcast daily, and episodes of

188-538: A ban prohibiting stock trading by employees, numbering around 5,700, who had access to its internal news information management system. The employees were required to pledge in writing that they would not trade in stocks, and were required to gain approval from senior staff to sell shares they already held. NHK banned short-term stock trading completed in periods of six months or less for all other employees. The ban did not extend to employees' families, nor did NHK request any reports on their transactions. On 24 July 2013,

282-538: A ban prohibiting stock trading by employees, numbering around 5,700, who had access to its internal news information management system. The employees were required to pledge in writing that they would not trade in stocks, and were required to gain approval from senior staff to sell shares they already held. NHK banned short-term stock trading completed in periods of six months or less for all other employees. The ban did not extend to employees' families, nor did NHK request any reports on their transactions. On 24 July 2013,

376-436: A drama that airs in the mornings and six days a week. Finally, rating percentage plays a heavy role in the success of a drama artist. The numbers of an artist's previous work are used by TV producers to determine whether or not the artist is a marketing success. If the ratings drawn by the artist's previous work are good, he or she would be able to receive offers to star in dramas that are better written and produced. Likewise if

470-476: A popular time slot in the past in which dramas generally brought in high ratings during the season, the popularity of "Getsuku" dramas appears to have declined in recent years, with most dramas not crossing the 20% mark for average rating. Most modern "Getsuku" dramas have also abandoned the traditional love story format. Other Japan television networks have their own focuses. TV Asahi , for example, focuses heavily on jidaigeki and crime stories (famous examples of

564-718: A reporter at NHK Metropolitan Broadcasting Center died of congestive heart failure . In May 2014, the Shibuya Labor Standards Inspection Office of the Tokyo Labor Bureau certified it as a karōshi (overwork death). Although NHK did not report on this matter, it was announced in October 2017. Ryōichi Ueda, the chairman of NHK, visited the reporter's parents' home and apologized to them. NHK has occasionally faced various criticisms for its treatment of Japan's wartime history. Katsuto Momii ( 籾井 勝人 ) ,

658-523: A reporter at NHK Metropolitan Broadcasting Center died of congestive heart failure . In May 2014, the Shibuya Labor Standards Inspection Office of the Tokyo Labor Bureau certified it as a karōshi (overwork death). Although NHK did not report on this matter, it was announced in October 2017. Ryōichi Ueda, the chairman of NHK, visited the reporter's parents' home and apologized to them. NHK has occasionally faced various criticisms for its treatment of Japan's wartime history. Katsuto Momii ( 籾井 勝人 ) ,

752-460: A result, after a rash of NHK-related scandals including an accounting one , the number of people who had not paid the license fee surpassed one million watchers. This incident sparked debate over the fairness of the fee system. In 2006, the NHK opted to take legal action against those most flagrantly in violation of the law. This fee and how it is charged is unpopular with some citizens. This led to

846-414: A result, after a rash of NHK-related scandals including an accounting one , the number of people who had not paid the license fee surpassed one million watchers. This incident sparked debate over the fairness of the fee system. In 2006, the NHK opted to take legal action against those most flagrantly in violation of the law. This fee and how it is charged is unpopular with some citizens. This led to

940-464: A television executive at Nippon Television (NTV), believes that although the Internet is popular among drama fans, "We don't regard broadband as mainstream media. It will never happen. Broadband is a complementary medium." Television ratings are calculated by several researching firms. Video Research Ltd. is one of the more reliable firms. More television networks, advertisers, and Japanese drama fans use

1034-699: A way that is less possible in most movies. Structurally, Japanese dramas can be compared to American or British miniseries . Dramas are rarely canceled mid-season, but they usually do not continue into the next season, even if extremely popular. Popular dramas do, however, often give rise to "specials" that are made after the final episode if the show has been a huge success. Some genres such as jidaigeki , police procedurals , or family dramas, however, feature series that are episodic or that sometimes continue for years on end, with Mito Kōmon , Taiyō ni Hoero! , or Wataru Seken wa Oni Bakari being famous examples. A characteristic of Japanese drama that differentiates it

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1128-542: Is a Japanese public broadcaster . It is a statutory corporation funded by viewers' payments of a television license fee . NHK operates two terrestrial television channels ( NHK General TV and NHK Educational TV ), three satellite television channels (NHK BS; as well as two ultra-high-definition television channels, NHK BS Premium 4K and NHK BS8K ), and three radio networks ( NHK Radio 1 , NHK Radio 2 , and NHK FM ). NHK also provides an international broadcasting service, known as NHK World-Japan . NHK World-Japan

1222-678: Is a general term used in Japan to refer to drama series and soap operas , regardless of the country where they were filmed or produced. In the Western world, the word dorama was initially used to refer exclusively to Japanese television dramas, however in recent years it has become a general term used to refer to all Asian television dramas due to the international rise of Korean and Chinese dramas. NHK The Japan Broadcasting Corporation ( Japanese : 日本放送協会 , Hepburn : Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai ) , also known by its romanized initialism NHK ,

1316-454: Is also bilingual and airs on NHK General TV and the international channels and NHK World Premium. World News , a program which airs bulletins from international broadcasters interpreted in Japanese, is aired on NHK BS1 with Catch! Sekai no Top News in the morning and International News Report at night, with the latter also airing on NHK World Premium. News on NHK BS1 is aired at 50 minutes past

1410-403: Is also bilingual and airs on NHK General TV and the international channels and NHK World Premium. World News , a program which airs bulletins from international broadcasters interpreted in Japanese, is aired on NHK BS1 with Catch! Sekai no Top News in the morning and International News Report at night, with the latter also airing on NHK World Premium. News on NHK BS1 is aired at 50 minutes past

1504-553: Is arguably the most important media type. A survey completed in 2000 by NHK, Japan's public broadcasting network, showed that 95% of Japanese people watch television every day. Eighty-six percent said they consider television an indispensable medium, and 68% said the same of newspapers. There are other forms of media that can be used to promote products and services, such as the Internet. Most of television network, such as Fuji TV (CX) where operates Fuji Network System , also have online streaming website for service. However, Shinji Takada,

1598-609: Is composed of NHK World TV , NHK World Premium , and the shortwave radio service Radio Japan (RJ). World Radio Japan also makes some of its programs available on the Internet. NHK was the first broadcaster in the world to broadcast in high-definition (using multiple sub-Nyquist sampling encoding , also known as Hi-Vision) and in 8K . In regards to NHK's relationship with Johnny & Associates, they have stated that NHK acknowledges that sexual abuse allegations related to Johnny & Associates had repeatedly been reported for many years, but NHK also stated that they lacked awareness of

1692-609: Is composed of NHK World TV , NHK World Premium , and the shortwave radio service Radio Japan (RJ). World Radio Japan also makes some of its programs available on the Internet. NHK was the first broadcaster in the world to broadcast in high-definition (using multiple sub-Nyquist sampling encoding , also known as Hi-Vision) and in 8K . In regards to NHK's relationship with Johnny & Associates, they have stated that NHK acknowledges that sexual abuse allegations related to Johnny & Associates had repeatedly been reported for many years, but NHK also stated that they lacked awareness of

1786-455: Is funded by the Japanese government. The annual budget of NHK is subject to review and approval by the Diet of Japan . The Diet also appoints the twelve-member board of governors (経営委員会 keiei iinkai ) that oversees NHK. NHK is managed on a full-time basis by an executive board ( 理事会 , rijikai ) consisting of a president, executive vice president and seven to ten managing directors who oversee

1880-409: Is funded by the Japanese government. The annual budget of NHK is subject to review and approval by the Diet of Japan . The Diet also appoints the twelve-member board of governors (経営委員会 keiei iinkai ) that oversees NHK. NHK is managed on a full-time basis by an executive board ( 理事会 , rijikai ) consisting of a president, executive vice president and seven to ten managing directors who oversee

1974-507: Is standardized, with discounts for office workers and students who commute, as well a discount for residents of Okinawa prefecture . For viewers making annual payments by credit card with no special discounts, the reception fee is 13,600 yen per year for terrestrial reception only, and 24,090 yen per year for both terrestrial and broadcast satellite reception. However, the Broadcasting Act specifies no punitive actions for nonpayment; as

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2068-449: Is standardized, with discounts for office workers and students who commute, as well a discount for residents of Okinawa prefecture . For viewers making annual payments by credit card with no special discounts, the reception fee is 13,600 yen per year for terrestrial reception only, and 24,090 yen per year for both terrestrial and broadcast satellite reception. However, the Broadcasting Act specifies no punitive actions for nonpayment; as

2162-449: Is that each episode is usually shot only a few (two to three) weeks before it is aired. Many fans have even been able to visit their idols while shooting scenes as the show is airing. Most people associate today's Japanese dramas with the modern style of screenwriting which has coined the term "trendy dramas". The ultimate inspirations for many Japanese dramas are The Big Chill (1983) and St. Elmo's Fire (1985). The "trendy" formula

2256-443: Is tweaked to fit the television viewers' changing taste. Even today, the success of Japanese dramas is a result of sticking with the trendy drama formula. Many of these shows employ young actors who use them as springboards to bigger projects. Although some people consider Super Sentai and tokusatsu type shows as dramas, they do not fit the "trendy" definition. Generally, most evening dramas aired nowadays are "trendy dramas", and

2350-859: The Gyokuon-hōsō , the surrender speech made by Emperor Hirohito , in August 1945. Following the war, in September 1945, the Allied occupation administration under General Douglas MacArthur banned all international broadcasting by NHK, and repurposed several NHK facilities and frequencies for use by the Far East Network (now American Forces Network ). Japanese-American radio broadcaster Frank Shozo Baba joined NHK during this time and led an early post-war revamp of its programming. Radio Japan resumed overseas broadcasts in 1952. A new Broadcasting Act  [ ja ]

2444-599: The Gyokuon-hōsō , the surrender speech made by Emperor Hirohito , in August 1945. Following the war, in September 1945, the Allied occupation administration under General Douglas MacArthur banned all international broadcasting by NHK, and repurposed several NHK facilities and frequencies for use by the Far East Network (now American Forces Network ). Japanese-American radio broadcaster Frank Shozo Baba joined NHK during this time and led an early post-war revamp of its programming. Radio Japan resumed overseas broadcasts in 1952. A new Broadcasting Act  [ ja ]

2538-569: The 1964 Summer Olympics , the first widely televised Olympic Games. The complex was gradually expanded through 1973 when it became the headquarters for NHK. The previous headquarters adjacent to Hibiya Park was redeveloped as the Hibiya City high-rise complex. NHK began experimental satellite broadcasting with the NHK BS ;1 channel in 1984, followed by NHK BS 2 in 1985. Both channels began regular broadcasts in 1989. In April 2011, BS 1

2632-461: The 1964 Summer Olympics , the first widely televised Olympic Games. The complex was gradually expanded through 1973 when it became the headquarters for NHK. The previous headquarters adjacent to Hibiya Park was redeveloped as the Hibiya City high-rise complex. NHK began experimental satellite broadcasting with the NHK BS 1 channel in 1984, followed by NHK BS 2 in 1985. Both channels began regular broadcasts in 1989. In April 2011, BS 1

2726-484: The 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami – Iwate , Miyagi , Fukushima – where it was discontinued on 31 March 2012). From 1963 to 1999, NHK published the journal Studies of broadcasting: an international annual of broadcasting science . NHK is a dependent corporation chartered by the Japanese Broadcasting Act and primarily funded by license fees. NHK World broadcasting (for overseas viewers/listeners)

2820-416: The 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami – Iwate , Miyagi , Fukushima – where it was discontinued on 31 March 2012). From 1963 to 1999, NHK published the journal Studies of broadcasting: an international annual of broadcasting science . NHK is a dependent corporation chartered by the Japanese Broadcasting Act and primarily funded by license fees. NHK World broadcasting (for overseas viewers/listeners)

2914-508: The 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami . NHK broadcasts sumo wrestling , baseball games, Olympic Games , soccer games, and a range of other sports. Their broadcast of the last two days of October 1952's autumn sumo tournament became the first ever televised sports broadcast in Japan. The NHK Symphony Orchestra , financially sponsored by NHK, was formerly (until 1951) the Japanese Symphony Orchestra. Its website details

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3008-438: The 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami . NHK broadcasts sumo wrestling , baseball games, Olympic Games , soccer games, and a range of other sports. Their broadcast of the last two days of October 1952's autumn sumo tournament became the first ever televised sports broadcast in Japan. The NHK Symphony Orchestra , financially sponsored by NHK, was formerly (until 1951) the Japanese Symphony Orchestra. Its website details

3102-586: The Black Lives Matter movement and George Floyd protests that was criticized for its "crude" animation of protesters and its focus on economic inequality rather than police brutality. An official statement signed by Yuichi Tabata, head of NHK's International News Division, was released through NHK's official website. On 9 January 2022, NHK issued an apology over false allegations made in Director Naomi Kawase 's Tokyo Olympics documentary. Kawase

3196-462: The Black Lives Matter movement and George Floyd protests that was criticized for its "crude" animation of protesters and its focus on economic inequality rather than police brutality. An official statement signed by Yuichi Tabata, head of NHK's International News Division, was released through NHK's official website. On 9 January 2022, NHK issued an apology over false allegations made in Director Naomi Kawase 's Tokyo Olympics documentary. Kawase

3290-678: The Imperial Japanese Army nationalised all public news agencies and coordinated their efforts via the Information Liaison Confidential Committee. All published and broadcast news reports became official announcements of the Imperial Army General Headquarters in Tokyo for the duration of World War II . The famous Tokyo Rose wartime programs were broadcast by NHK. NHK also recorded and broadcast

3384-404: The Imperial Japanese Army nationalised all public news agencies and coordinated their efforts via the Information Liaison Confidential Committee. All published and broadcast news reports became official announcements of the Imperial Army General Headquarters in Tokyo for the duration of World War II . The famous Tokyo Rose wartime programs were broadcast by NHK. NHK also recorded and broadcast

3478-768: The Japan Meteorological Agency makes NHK capable of delivering earthquake early warnings seconds after detection, as well as a more detailed report with Shindo intensity measurements within two-to-three minutes after the quake. They also broadcast air attack warnings in the event of war, using the J-Alert system. All warnings are broadcast in Japanese, with tsunami warnings also delivered in four foreign languages: English, Mandarin Chinese, Korean and Portuguese (Japan has small Chinese , Korean and Brazilian populations). The warnings were broadcast in these languages during

3572-600: The Japan Meteorological Agency makes NHK capable of delivering earthquake early warnings seconds after detection, as well as a more detailed report with Shindo intensity measurements within two-to-three minutes after the quake. They also broadcast air attack warnings in the event of war, using the J-Alert system. All warnings are broadcast in Japanese, with tsunami warnings also delivered in four foreign languages: English, Mandarin Chinese, Korean and Portuguese (Japan has small Chinese , Korean and Brazilian populations). The warnings were broadcast in these languages during

3666-540: The Taipei Times , stating, "[South] Korea's statements that Japan is the only nation that forced this are puzzling. 'Give us money, compensate us', they say, but since all of this was resolved by the Japan–Korea peace treaty, why are they reviving this issue? It's strange." It was subsequently reported by The Japan Times that on his first day at NHK Momii asked members of the executive team to hand in their resignation on

3760-432: The Taipei Times , stating, "[South] Korea's statements that Japan is the only nation that forced this are puzzling. 'Give us money, compensate us', they say, but since all of this was resolved by the Japan–Korea peace treaty, why are they reviving this issue? It's strange." It was subsequently reported by The Japan Times that on his first day at NHK Momii asked members of the executive team to hand in their resignation on

3854-543: The 21st Director-General of NHK, caused controversy by discussing Japan's actions in World War II at his first press conference after being appointed on 20 December 2013. It was reported that Momii said NHK should support the Japanese government in its territorial dispute with China and South Korea. He also caused controversy by what some describe as the playing down of the comfort women issue in World War II, according to

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3948-434: The 21st Director-General of NHK, caused controversy by discussing Japan's actions in World War II at his first press conference after being appointed on 20 December 2013. It was reported that Momii said NHK should support the Japanese government in its territorial dispute with China and South Korea. He also caused controversy by what some describe as the playing down of the comfort women issue in World War II, according to

4042-479: The NHK brand is common for the whole country. All of them can also be tuned through the Internet, within the national territory. It also has one exclusive satellite channel, as well as two in ultra-high definition. NHK is funded by reception fees ( 受信料 , jushinryō ) , a system analogous to the license fee used in some English-speaking countries. The Broadcasting Act which governs NHK's funding stipulates anyone with equipment able to receive NHK must pay. The fee

4136-479: The NHK brand is common for the whole country. All of them can also be tuned through the Internet, within the national territory. It also has one exclusive satellite channel, as well as two in ultra-high definition. NHK is funded by reception fees ( 受信料 , jushinryō ) , a system analogous to the license fee used in some English-speaking countries. The Broadcasting Act which governs NHK's funding stipulates anyone with equipment able to receive NHK must pay. The fee

4230-422: The areas of NHK operations. The executive board reports to the board of governors. It maintains three radio stations available nationwide: All of them can also be tuned through the Internet, within the national territory. It manages two open signal channels through digital terrestrial television. Since Japan has a television network system, it schedules territorial disconnections in each of its centers. However,

4324-422: The areas of NHK operations. The executive board reports to the board of governors. It maintains three radio stations available nationwide: All of them can also be tuned through the Internet, within the national territory. It manages two open signal channels through digital terrestrial television. Since Japan has a television network system, it schedules territorial disconnections in each of its centers. However,

4418-509: The biggest names in the Western recording industry. This practice has disadvantages. When the Japanese drama is licensed outside Japan, theme music licensing becomes very costly. For example, in the Fuji TV drama Densha Otoko , the opening song and some of the background music had to be replaced in the release that aired on Hawaii's Nippon Golden Network because they couldn't get the rights to them. As in many other countries, Japanese television

4512-484: The broadcasting industry" when it comes to using performers who best fit program content and production. The public broadcaster added that it did not fully acknowledge the sexual abuse matter despite various weekly magazine articles about the allegations and a Tokyo High Court ruling in 2004. A few weeks later, NHK announced that it would suspend new contracts with Johnny's performers–including for their annual New Year's Eve television special Kōhaku Uta Gassen –until

4606-484: The broadcasting industry" when it comes to using performers who best fit program content and production. The public broadcaster added that it did not fully acknowledge the sexual abuse matter despite various weekly magazine articles about the allegations and a Tokyo High Court ruling in 2004. A few weeks later, NHK announced that it would suspend new contracts with Johnny's performers–including for their annual New Year's Eve television special Kōhaku Uta Gassen –until

4700-479: The company has implemented compensation and recurrence prevention measures. In February 2024, the company announced a strict policy of terminating the appearance of talents formerly affiliated with Johnny & Associates on its programs and not allowing them to appear on new programs after FY2024. In October 2024, NHK Chairman Nobuo Inaba announced at a regular press conference that, he had confirmed efforts of Smile-Up to compensate victims and prevent recurrence and

4794-479: The company has implemented compensation and recurrence prevention measures. In February 2024, the company announced a strict policy of terminating the appearance of talents formerly affiliated with Johnny & Associates on its programs and not allowing them to appear on new programs after FY2024. In October 2024, NHK Chairman Nobuo Inaba announced at a regular press conference that, he had confirmed efforts of Smile-Up to compensate victims and prevent recurrence and

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4888-552: The documentary should be removed. Some activists were concerned that the misinformation was spread by NHK to silence those who opposed the Tokyo Olympics during the pandemic. NHK denied that the footage was deliberately fabricated to mislead the public. On 13 January 2022, the NHK Osaka director Terunobu Maeda apologized during a press conference, admitting that the captions "should not have been included". Once again, he denied that

4982-443: The documentary should be removed. Some activists were concerned that the misinformation was spread by NHK to silence those who opposed the Tokyo Olympics during the pandemic. NHK denied that the footage was deliberately fabricated to mislead the public. On 13 January 2022, the NHK Osaka director Terunobu Maeda apologized during a press conference, admitting that the captions "should not have been included". Once again, he denied that

5076-603: The end of April, its members would freeze their licence fee payments for half a year. While Momii did not resign, he was not reappointed and retired after serving only one term of three years. On 17 October 2014, The Times claimed to have received internal NHK documents which banned any reference to the Nanjing Massacre , to Japan's use of wartime sex slaves during World War II, and to its territorial dispute with China in its English-language broadcasting. On 10 June 2020, NHK apologized and took down an 80-second video about

5170-545: The end of April, its members would freeze their licence fee payments for half a year. While Momii did not resign, he was not reappointed and retired after serving only one term of three years. On 17 October 2014, The Times claimed to have received internal NHK documents which banned any reference to the Nanjing Massacre , to Japan's use of wartime sex slaves during World War II, and to its territorial dispute with China in its English-language broadcasting. On 10 June 2020, NHK apologized and took down an 80-second video about

5264-569: The formation of the NHK Party ( NHK党 , NHK tō ) , also known as N-Koku ( N国 ) , a single-issue political party , which has protested this fee with representatives in the upper house . NHK broadcasts a variety of programming. NHK offers local, national, and world news reports. NHK News 7 airs daily and is broadcast bilingually with both Japanese and English audio tracks on NHK General TV and NHK's international channels TV Japan and NHK World Premium . The flagship news program News Watch 9

5358-518: The formation of the NHK Party ( NHK党 , NHK tō ) , also known as N-Koku ( N国 ) , a single-issue political party , which has protested this fee with representatives in the upper house . NHK broadcasts a variety of programming. NHK offers local, national, and world news reports. NHK News 7 airs daily and is broadcast bilingually with both Japanese and English audio tracks on NHK General TV and NHK's international channels TV Japan and NHK World Premium . The flagship news program News Watch 9

5452-512: The grounds they had all been appointed by his predecessor. A number of civil society groups protested against Momii's continued tenure as Director-General of NHK. On 27 January 2014, the Viewers' Community to Observe and Encourage NHK ( NHKを監視・激励する視聴者コミュニティ ) issued a public letter calling for Momii's resignation on the grounds that the remarks he made at his inaugural press conference were explosive. The letter stated that if Momii did not resign by

5546-462: The grounds they had all been appointed by his predecessor. A number of civil society groups protested against Momii's continued tenure as Director-General of NHK. On 27 January 2014, the Viewers' Community to Observe and Encourage NHK ( NHKを監視・激励する視聴者コミュニティ ) issued a public letter calling for Momii's resignation on the grounds that the remarks he made at his inaugural press conference were explosive. The letter stated that if Momii did not resign by

5640-506: The hour except during live sports events. NHK also offers news for the deaf (which airs on NHK Educational TV), regional news (which airs on NHK General TV) and children's news. Newsline is an English-language newscast designed for foreign viewers and airs on NHK World . In his book Broadcasting Politics in Japan: NHK and Television News , Ellis S. Krauss states: 'In the 1960s and 1970s, external critics of NHK news were complaining about

5734-453: The hour except during live sports events. NHK also offers news for the deaf (which airs on NHK Educational TV), regional news (which airs on NHK General TV) and children's news. Newsline is an English-language newscast designed for foreign viewers and airs on NHK World . In his book Broadcasting Politics in Japan: NHK and Television News , Ellis S. Krauss states: 'In the 1960s and 1970s, external critics of NHK news were complaining about

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5828-433: The incident was a fabrication. In December 2023, Japan's Broadcasting Ethics and Program Improvement Organization (BPO) concluded that NHK had breached broadcasting ethics in its "News Watch 9" program, where people believed to have died from COVID-19 vaccine injury were treated as if they had died from COVID-19. Regarding the incident as an inappropriate way of reporting, NHK stated that it would take measures to avoid

5922-433: The incident was a fabrication. In December 2023, Japan's Broadcasting Ethics and Program Improvement Organization (BPO) concluded that NHK had breached broadcasting ethics in its "News Watch 9" program, where people believed to have died from COVID-19 vaccine injury were treated as if they had died from COVID-19. Regarding the incident as an inappropriate way of reporting, NHK stated that it would take measures to avoid

6016-399: The issue at that time and chose not to follow up or cover the issue entirely. In addition, they stated that they failed in their role as a news media organization, and simply sat idle as many minors became sexual abuse victims. On 8 September, 2023, NHK , said in a statement that they took the matter seriously, and that they would "work harder to ensure that human rights are more respected in

6110-399: The issue at that time and chose not to follow up or cover the issue entirely. In addition, they stated that they failed in their role as a news media organization, and simply sat idle as many minors became sexual abuse victims. On 8 September, 2023, NHK , said in a statement that they took the matter seriously, and that they would "work harder to ensure that human rights are more respected in

6204-448: The latter are the long-running series Tokyo Detective Duo , now on its 21st season. Kasouken no Onna , now on its 21st season). NHK puts more effort into programming that reaches an older demographic, focusing mostly on epic period shows of historical significance, often with all-star casts, called taiga dramas, as well as inspiring dramas that focus on a young, strong-willed hero or heroine . Theme music and background music set

6298-601: The leadership of Count Gotō Shinpei . Tokyo Broadcasting Station, along with separate organizations in Osaka and Nagoya , began radio broadcasts in 1925. The three stations merged under the first incarnation of NHK in August 1926. NHK was modelled on the BBC of the United Kingdom , and the merger and reorganisation was carried out under the auspices of the pre-war Ministry of Communications . NHK's second radio network began in 1931, and

6392-453: The leadership of Count Gotō Shinpei . Tokyo Broadcasting Station, along with separate organizations in Osaka and Nagoya , began radio broadcasts in 1925. The three stations merged under the first incarnation of NHK in August 1926. NHK was modelled on the BBC of the United Kingdom , and the merger and reorganisation was carried out under the auspices of the pre-war Ministry of Communications . NHK's second radio network began in 1931, and

6486-612: The market size. Finally, the numbers are published on the research firm's website. A hard copy is also produced. There is no solid science on how to interpret these rating percentages. For fans, simply the drama with the highest percentage is the "winner" for the week. The fans use these numbers to decide which dramas they should watch during the remainder of the season. Despite this simple interpretation, there are one or more factors that may come into play that explain why some dramas receive higher percentage points than others. For example, evening dramas draw better ratings than those that air in

6580-408: The mood. There is a sub-genre of Japanese drama fans that are also huge fans of the drama's original soundtrack. Most television networks work with music companies to produce original soundtracks. Most opening and closing theme music is written especially for the drama series, while other theme music is licensed from other sources. Once the library is put together, the television network will release

6674-527: The mornings and afternoons. Although the transmission size is virtually the same in the mornings, afternoons and evenings, the evenings draw higher numbers because most evening viewers work during the day, and fewer people are at home watching television. There are, however, some exceptions: For example, the NHK Asadora drama Oshin drew an average rating percentage of 52.6%, a number that would be extremely good for an evening drama but even more extraordinary for

6768-499: The numbers from this firm than any other. The ratings focus on the Kanto (Tokyo) and the Kansai (Osaka) areas, which are believed to be a good representation of what most of Japan watches. The ratings become available for the general public every Wednesday. The rating system is very simple. All the major Japanese television networks make up the television market, so a research firm must determine

6862-1121: The orchestra's history and ongoing concert programme. Since 1953, NHK has broadcast the Kōhaku Uta Gassen song contest on New Year's Eve, ending shortly before midnight in PIX System . A sentimental morning show , a weekly jidaigeki and a year-long show, the Taiga drama , spearhead the network's fiction offerings. NHK is also making efforts at broadcasting dramas made in foreign countries as overseas drama ( 海外ドラマ , Kaigai Dorama ) . The longest running children's show in Japan, Okaasan to Issho ( おかあさんといっしょ , With Mother ) , started broadcasting in 1959 and still airs to this day Monday to Friday at 17:36–18:00  JST , Sunday at 17:30–17:54 JST, with rebroadcasts Tuesday to Sunday at 5:00–5:24 JST on NHK World Premium. In 2007, three employees of NHK were fined and fired for insider trading . They had profited by trading shares based on exclusive NHK knowledge. On 11 July 2008, NHK introduced

6956-965: The orchestra's history and ongoing concert programme. Since 1953, NHK has broadcast the Kōhaku Uta Gassen song contest on New Year's Eve, ending shortly before midnight in PIX System . A sentimental morning show , a weekly jidaigeki and a year-long show, the Taiga drama , spearhead the network's fiction offerings. NHK is also making efforts at broadcasting dramas made in foreign countries as overseas drama ( 海外ドラマ , Kaigai Dorama ) . The longest running children's show in Japan, Okaasan to Issho ( おかあさんといっしょ , With Mother ) , started broadcasting in 1959 and still airs to this day Monday to Friday at 17:36–18:00  JST , Sunday at 17:30–17:54 JST, with rebroadcasts Tuesday to Sunday at 5:00–5:24 JST on NHK World Premium. In 2007, three employees of NHK were fined and fired for insider trading . They had profited by trading shares based on exclusive NHK knowledge. On 11 July 2008, NHK introduced

7050-517: The original soundtrack compact disc, usually a few weeks after the start of the drama. Closing themes are often sung by a popular J-pop singer or band. NHK produces its own theme music and is one of the only Japanese television networks that has its own orchestra. Most of the theme music heard in their taiga and asadora dramas were written and produced in-house. In recent years, many theme songs have been licensed from sources outside Japan. In some instances, theme songs have been licensed from some of

7144-415: The overall tone of Japanese drama series. Most dramas will start off with one or two minutes of theme music during the opening credits. Other dramas will have, at the very least, a catchy melody in the beginning, displaying the show's name for a few seconds, and then one to two minutes of ending theme music during the closing credits. Background music is placed and used at strategic points of the episode to set

7238-607: The ratings drawn by the artist's previous work are good, some artist could build their career as acting singer. In evening dramas, cast members are carefully selected and tend to be famous actors that audiences are very fond of. The choice of cast members frequently affects the drama's audience rating, and pairing the right male and female artists is especially important in a renzoku ren'ai (romantic or love) drama. Cast members of morning and afternoon dramas are not as popular as those of evening dramas, as reflected by ratings, but with time good actors can gain popularity. Dorama ( ドラマ )

7332-745: The repetition of the misconduct. NHK The Japan Broadcasting Corporation ( Japanese : 日本放送協会 , Hepburn : Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai ) , also known by its romanized initialism NHK , is a Japanese public broadcaster . It is a statutory corporation funded by viewers' payments of a television license fee . NHK operates two terrestrial television channels ( NHK General TV and NHK Educational TV ), three satellite television channels (NHK BS; as well as two ultra-high-definition television channels, NHK BS Premium 4K and NHK BS8K ), and three radio networks ( NHK Radio 1 , NHK Radio 2 , and NHK FM ). NHK also provides an international broadcasting service, known as NHK World-Japan . NHK World-Japan

7426-481: The same drama can be aired daily for several months, such as NHK 's asadora , which usually span six months each. Evening dramas air weekly and are usually ten to fourteen hour-long episodes. In many cases, instead of being episodic, drama series are serial , with one story running throughout the episodes. Since they are of a fixed length, dramas have a definite ending, and since they are relatively long, they can explore character, situation, and interesting dialog in

7520-471: The separation of management from Starto Entertainment is steadily progressing, and that requests to perform–including Kōhaku Uta Gassen for current Starto celebrities would resume. Commercial broadcasters had already announced on the resumption of new appointments to celebrities belonging to Starto. NHK's earliest forerunner was the Tokyo Broadcasting Station ( 東京放送局 ) , founded in 1924 under

7614-402: The separation of management from Starto Entertainment is steadily progressing, and that requests to perform–including Kōhaku Uta Gassen for current Starto celebrities would resume. Commercial broadcasters had already announced on the resumption of new appointments to celebrities belonging to Starto. NHK's earliest forerunner was the Tokyo Broadcasting Station ( 東京放送局 ) , founded in 1924 under

7708-405: The size of an average audience. The audience size is determined using two factors: the amount of content that is transmitted and the amount that is received, as market size varies from firm to firm. The viewer count of a given episode is calculated using a variety of polling methods. Ratings are calculated using a percentage or point system. This is based on the episode's viewership numbers divided by

7802-643: The strict neutrality, the lack of criticism of the government, and the 'self-regulation in covering events'. Krauss claims that little had changed by the 1980s and 1990s. After the Fukushima nuclear disaster in 2011, NHK was criticised for underplaying the dangers from radioactive contamination . Under the Broadcasting Act, NHK is under the obligation to broadcast early warning emergency reporting in times of natural disasters such as earthquakes and tsunamis . Their national network of seismometers in cooperation with

7896-533: The strict neutrality, the lack of criticism of the government, and the 'self-regulation in covering events'. Krauss claims that little had changed by the 1980s and 1990s. After the Fukushima nuclear disaster in 2011, NHK was criticised for underplaying the dangers from radioactive contamination . Under the Broadcasting Act, NHK is under the obligation to broadcast early warning emergency reporting in times of natural disasters such as earthquakes and tsunamis . Their national network of seismometers in cooperation with

7990-576: The term does not apply to other types of dramas such as asadora . Dramas that are broadcast on Fuji Television (Fuji TV), NTV , and TBS are generally the most popular in any given season. Fuji TV is widely known as the inventor of the drama formula. During the 1980s and 1990s, Fuji TV popularized trendy dramas with their use of young and popular actors/actresses. The network's 9:00 p.m. dramas shown on Monday nights are commonly called " Getsuku " (a shortened phrase meaning Monday at 9), which historically have revolved around love stories. Although

8084-507: The third radio network (FM) began in 1937. NHK began shortwave broadcasting on an experimental basis in the 1930s, and began regular English- and Japanese-language shortwave broadcasts in 1935 under the name Radio Japan , initially aimed at ethnic Japanese listeners in Hawaii and the west coast of North America . By the late 1930s, NHK's overseas broadcasts were known as Radio Tokyo , which became an official name in 1941. In November 1941,

8178-459: The third radio network (FM) began in 1937. NHK began shortwave broadcasting on an experimental basis in the 1930s, and began regular English- and Japanese-language shortwave broadcasts in 1935 under the name Radio Japan , initially aimed at ethnic Japanese listeners in Hawaii and the west coast of North America . By the late 1930s, NHK's overseas broadcasts were known as Radio Tokyo , which became an official name in 1941. In November 1941,

8272-496: Was enacted in 1950, which made NHK a listener-supported independent corporation and simultaneously opened the market for commercial broadcasting in Japan. NHK started television broadcasting in 1953, followed by its educational TV channel in 1959 and color television broadcasts in 1960. NHK opened the first stage of its current headquarters in Japan's capital city 's special ward Shibuya as an international broadcasting center for

8366-449: Was enacted in 1950, which made NHK a listener-supported independent corporation and simultaneously opened the market for commercial broadcasting in Japan. NHK started television broadcasting in 1953, followed by its educational TV channel in 1959 and color television broadcasts in 1960. NHK opened the first stage of its current headquarters in Japan's capital city 's special ward Shibuya as an international broadcasting center for

8460-423: Was invented in the late 1980s when screenwriters decided to reach the television audience with themes that covered real-life Japan , at a time when the Japanese were experiencing a bubble economy . The "trendy" formula was improved in the early 1990s, when the story lines changed with the times. By gambling on harder issues, including teenage violence , child abuse , and modern family life, the trendy drama formula

8554-917: Was rebranded while BS 2 channel ceased broadcasting and was replaced by "BS Premium" which broadcasts on the channel formerly used by BShi. International satellite broadcasts to North America and Europe began in 1995, which led to the launch of NHK World in 1998. It became free-to-air over the Astra 19.2°E ( Astra 1L ) and Eurobird satellites in Europe in 2008. NHK began digital television broadcasting in December 2000 through BS Digital, followed by terrestrial digital TV broadcasts in three major metropolitan areas in 2003. NHK's digital television coverage gradually expanded to cover almost all of Japan by 24 July 2011, when analog transmissions were discontinued & ended (except in three prefectures that were heavily affected by

8648-770: Was rebranded while BS 2 channel ceased broadcasting and was replaced by "BS Premium" which broadcasts on the channel formerly used by BShi. International satellite broadcasts to North America and Europe began in 1995, which led to the launch of NHK World in 1998. It became free-to-air over the Astra 19.2°E ( Astra 1L ) and Eurobird satellites in Europe in 2008. NHK began digital television broadcasting in December 2000 through BS Digital, followed by terrestrial digital TV broadcasts in three major metropolitan areas in 2003. NHK's digital television coverage gradually expanded to cover almost all of Japan by 24 July 2011, when analog transmissions were discontinued & ended (except in three prefectures that were heavily affected by

8742-574: Was selected by the IOC in 2018 to cover Japanese reactions to the event and later during the COVID-19 pandemic . Footage and captions in the documentary alleged that protesters were being paid money to attend anti-Olympics rallies. One of the men interviewed later stated he was "unsure" if he had actually attended any anti-Olympics rallies. NHK Osaka cited "editorial oversights" and "deficiencies in research", issuing an apology. Some anti-Olympic activists demanded that

8836-479: Was selected by the IOC in 2018 to cover Japanese reactions to the event and later during the COVID-19 pandemic . Footage and captions in the documentary alleged that protesters were being paid money to attend anti-Olympics rallies. One of the men interviewed later stated he was "unsure" if he had actually attended any anti-Olympics rallies. NHK Osaka cited "editorial oversights" and "deficiencies in research", issuing an apology. Some anti-Olympic activists demanded that

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