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75-865: (Redirected from Donautalbahn ) Danube Valley Railway (German: Donautalbahn ) may refer to: the Donaueschingen–Immendingen section of the Black Forest Railway (Baden) the Immendingen–Tuttlingen section of the Plochingen–Immendingen railway the Tuttlingen–Inzigkofen railway the Inzigkofen–Sigmaringen section of the Tübingen–Sigmaringen railway

150-412: A dream in which he dreamt of founding his new city. A variation of this story claims that he built the new palace to find peace from his wife. Charles William founded the city on June 17, 1715, after a dispute with the citizens of his previous capital, Durlach . The founding of the city is closely linked to the construction of the palace . Karlsruhe became the capital of Baden-Durlach , and, in 1771, of

225-554: A mayor was appointed from 1718. From 1812 the mayors received the title of Lord Mayor. In addition to the Lord Mayor, there are five other mayors. Mayor for: The Karlsruhe city council governs the city alongside the Mayor. The most recent city council election was held on 9 June 2024, and the results were as follows: The Verkehrsbetriebe Karlsruhe (VBK) operates the city's urban public transport network, comprising seven tram routes and

300-571: A model railway in HO scale, in the town of Hausach. With 1,600 metres of track, 1.8 metres from highest to lowest elevation, and an area of 400 square metres, it is the largest model railway project in Europe that replicates an actual railway line. Karlsruhe Karlsruhe was the capital of the Margraviate of Baden-Durlach ( Durlach : 1565–1718; Karlsruhe: 1718–1771), the Margraviate of Baden (1771–1803),

375-541: A network of bus routes. All city areas can be reached round the clock by tram and a night bus system. The Turmbergbahn funicular railway , to the east of the city centre, is also operated by the VBK. Similar to a premetro tramlines operating in the city centre use two tramway tunnels that were completed on 11 December 2021. The VBK is also a partner, with the Albtal-Verkehrs-Gesellschaft and Deutsche Bahn , in

450-694: A new halt was constructed at the Offenburg regional vocational school on behalf of the Ortenau S-Bahn. With the new schedule of 2001, and with the exception of two trains, the InterRegio service was replaced by the new Interregio-Express ( IRE ) trains going from Karlsruhe to Konstanz. The service provided by the RegioExpress trains was also extended to Karlsruhe. At the end of 2002, the two remaining IR trains were converted into Intercity ( IC ) trains, and

525-482: A vivid and spreading startup community with well-known startups. Together, the local high tech industry is responsible for over 22,000 jobs. The current mayor of Karlsruhe is Frank Mentrup of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) since 2013. The most recent mayoral election was held on 6 December 2020, and the results were as follows: After the castle was founded in 1715, there was also a settlement in which

600-532: A year of starting this service. The InterCity service 2370/2371, dubbed "Schwarzwald", going from Hamburg to Konstanz, and from Konstanz to Hamburg and Stralsund, still makes this trip daily in parallel with the RegioExpress trains, and replaces that service on the route between Offenburg and Konstanz. On weekends, an additional IC train with numbers 2004 and 2006/2005, dubbed "Bodensee", connects Konstanz with Dortmund , Emden , and Norddeich . Freight traffic

675-441: Is 16.8 km (10.4 mi) and 19.3 km (12.0 mi) in the east–west direction. Karlsruhe is part of the urban area of Karlsruhe/Pforzheim, to which certain other towns in the district of Karlsruhe , such as Bruchsal , Ettlingen , Stutensee , and Rheinstetten , as well as the city of Pforzheim , belong. The city was planned with the palace tower ( Schloss ) at the center and 32 streets radiating out from it like

750-467: Is 900 metres in length. Also worth mentioning is the control and safety technology on display on the Black Forest Railway. Three different signal box types are in use: The mechanical type near Villingen, relay-controlled signal boxes near Triberg, and electronic examples near Immendingen. A part of the Black Forest Railway has been reconstructed, using pictures and actual construction plans, as

825-813: Is a mausoleum rather than a church, and is located in the middle of the forest. The main cemetery of Karlsruhe is the oldest park-like cemetery in Germany. The crematorium was the first to be built in the style of a church. Karlsruhe is also home to a natural history museum (the State Museum of Natural History Karlsruhe ), an opera house (the Baden State Theatre ), as well as a number of independent theatres and art galleries. The State Art Gallery , built in 1846 by Heinrich Hübsch , displays paintings and sculptures from six centuries, particularly from France, Germany and Holland. Karlsruhe's newly renovated art museum

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900-684: Is a twin-track , electrified railway line in Baden-Württemberg , Germany , running in a NW-SE direction to link Offenburg on the Rhine Valley Railway ( Rheintalbahn ) with Singen on the High Rhine Railway ( Hochrheinbahn ). Passing directly across the Black Forest , through spectacular scenery, the route is 150 km long, ascends 650 metres from lowest to highest elevation, and passes through 39 tunnels and over 2 viaducts. It

975-536: Is also significant in terms of tourism. The first plans for a railway line right across the central Black Forest had been drawn up in the 1840s. However, these initial plans did not come to fruition, mainly because the technical expertise necessary to build this complex and expensive line was not yet available. Originally, the Black Forest line was intended as a feeder line to the Swiss Gotthardbahn , across

1050-491: Is dedicated to Baden's first constitution in 1818, which was one of the most liberal of its time. The Münze (mint), erected in 1826/27, was also built by Weinbrenner. The St. Stephan parish church is one of the masterpieces of neoclassical church architecture in. Weinbrenner, who built this church between 1808 and 1814, orientated it to the Pantheon, Rome . The neo-Gothic Grand Ducal Burial Chapel, built between 1889 and 1896,

1125-472: Is maintained by the university. The Marktplatz has a stone pyramid marking the grave of the city's founder. Built in 1825, it is the emblem of Karlsruhe. The city is nicknamed the "fan city" ( die Fächerstadt ) because of its design layout, with straight streets radiating fan-like from the Palace. The Karlsruhe Palace ( Schloss ) is an interesting piece of architecture; the adjacent Schlossgarten includes

1200-517: Is of only secondary significance. In the route table of the DB, the Black Forest Railway is listed under the number 720. Between Offenburg and Hausach, the Black Forest Railway follows the river Kinzig , and runs right next to it near Gengenbach. The section between Offenburg and Gengenbach is flanked by expansive vineyards, which slowly dwindle away as the Kinzig Valley narrows. The line then runs through

1275-534: Is one of the most important art museums in Baden-Württemberg . Further cultural attractions are scattered throughout Karlsruhe's various incorporated suburbs. Established in 1924, the Scheffel Association is the largest literary society in Germany. Today the Prinz-Max-Palais , built between 1881 and 1884 in neoclassical style, houses the organisation and includes its museum. Due to population growth in

1350-492: Is still the only true mountain railway in Germany to be built with two tracks, and is the most important railway line in the Black Forest. It was built between 1863 and 1873, utilizing plans drawn up by Robert Gerwig . This line should not be confused with the Württemberg Black Forest Railway ( Schwarzwaldbahn (Württemberg) ), which runs between Stuttgart and Calw in Germany. By cutting straight through

1425-445: Is the oldest part of town and lies south of the palace in the quadrant defined by nine of the radial streets. The central part of the palace runs east–west, with two wings, each at a 45° angle, directed southeast and southwest (i.e., parallel with the streets marking the boundaries of the quadrant defining the city center). The market square lies on the street running south from the palace to Ettlingen . The market square has

1500-530: The Bundesgerichtshof . The courts came to Karlsruhe after World War II, when the provinces of Baden and Württemberg were merged. Stuttgart , capital of Württemberg, became the capital of the new province ( Württemberg-Baden in 1945 and Baden-Württemberg in 1952). In compensation for the state authorities relocated to Stuttgart, Karlsruhe applied to become the seat of the high court. There are four hospitals: The Karlsruhe Municipal Hospital provides

1575-516: The Canada–United States border and the cities of Vancouver (Canada), Paris (France), Regensburg (Germany), and Hulunbuir (China). Its course is marked by a stone and painted line in the Stadtgarten (municipal park). The total area of the city is 173.46 km (66.97 sq mi), hence it is the 30th largest city in Germany measured by land area. The longest north–south distance

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1650-616: The Dachau concentration camp , Gurs concentration camp , Theresienstadt , and Auschwitz during the Holocaust , with 1,421 of Karlsruhe's Jews being killed. During World War II , it was the location of a forced labour camp for men, and a subcamp of the Auschwitz concentration camp, whose prisoners were mainly Poles and Russians . Much of the central area, including the palace, was reduced to rubble by Allied bombing during World War II, but

1725-665: The Electorate of Baden (1803–1806), the Grand Duchy of Baden (1806–1918), and the Republic of Baden (1918–1945). Its most remarkable building is Karlsruhe Palace , which was built in 1715. It contains the Baden State Museum , the large cultural, art and regional history museum of the Baden region of Baden-Württemberg. There are nine institutions of higher education in the city, most notably

1800-644: The Elz Valley Railway from Freiburg via Elzach with Hausach , but this was never realized. Initially, there were 5 scheduled passenger trains running from Offenburg to Konstanz, and an additional 3 trains were run in the section Villingen–Konstanz. There was also express passenger service from Konstanz to Immendingen, with this train then taking the Gäu Railway to Stuttgart , and one express train from Offenburg to Singen. This last service took about four hours to make that trip. The section Hausach–Villingen

1875-703: The IR train type was discontinued. Since 2003, sections of the line between Donaueschingen and Villingen , and, since 2004, sections between the Wutach Valley Railway branching near Hintschingen, and Immendingen, are utilized by the Ringzug ('circle train') system of the districts Tuttlingen , Rottweil and Schwarzwald-Baar . For this purpose, several unused halts were reactivated, and new halts were created. Invitations to bid on providing local rail service between Karlsruhe and Konstanz were issued in 2003 across Europe by

1950-836: The Karlsruhe Institute of Technology . Karlsruhe/Baden-Baden Airport is the second-busiest airport in Baden-Württemberg after Stuttgart Airport , and the 17th-busiest airport in Germany. Karlsruhe lies completely to the east of the Rhine , and almost completely on the Upper Rhine Plain . It contains the Turmberg in the east, and also lies on the borders of the Kraichgau leading to the Northern Black Forest . The Rhine, one of

2025-535: The Karlsruher Virtueller Katalog , the first internet site that allowed researchers worldwide (for free) to search multiple library catalogues worldwide. In 2000, the regional online newspaper ka-news.de was created. As a daily newspaper, it not only provides the news, but also informs readers about upcoming events in Karlsruhe and surrounding areas. In addition to established companies, Karlsruhe has

2100-618: The Kinzig valley. The only exception was the necessity to create a new river bed for the Kinzig near Gengenbach . Between Engen and Donaueschingen construction met with considerably more difficult conditions. To deal with the watershed between the Rhine and Danube rivers, the Hattinger tunnel had to be dug through the local limestone. In addition, a 240-metre section of the Danube had to be rerouted between

2175-614: The Ortenaukreis , and crosses the Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis between Triberg and Donaueschingen. Kreis Tuttlingen is traversed between Geisingen and Immendingen, and the final part of the line ends up in Kreis Konstanz . The Black Forest Railway was the first mountain railway to use hair-pin loops, which artificially lengthened the line, but allowed for the grade to stay under 20 per mille at any point. Without this solution,

2250-515: The Rhine-Ruhr area. Summers are hot with several days registering maximum temperatures between 35 and 40 °C (95 and 104 °F). With an average of more than 2,000 sunshine hours a year, it is also one of the sunniest cities in Germany, like the Rhine-Palatinate area. Precipitation occurs mainly during the winter, while in summer it is concentrated on single evening thunderstorms. In 2008,

2325-707: The Ulm–Sigmaringen railway the Ulm–Neuoffingen section of the Ulm–Augsburg railway the Ingolstadt–Neuoffingen railway the Regensburg–Ingolstadt railway Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Danube Valley Railway . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to

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2400-461: The spokes of a wheel, or the ribs of a folding fan , so that one nickname for Karlsruhe in German is the "fan city" ( Fächerstadt ). Almost all of these streets survive to this day. Because of this city layout, in metric geometry , Karlsruhe metric refers to a measure of distance that assumes travel is only possible along radial streets and along circular avenues around the centre. The city centre

2475-456: The town hall ( Rathaus ) to the west, the main Lutheran church ( Evangelische Stadtkirche ) to the east, and the tomb of Margrave Charles III William in a pyramid in the buildings, resulting in Karlsruhe being one of only three large cities in Germany where buildings are laid out in the neoclassical style. The area north of the palace is a park and forest. Originally the area to the east of

2550-621: The Baar lowlands. In Donaueschingen, the Black Forest Railway meets up with the Höllental Railway , which is second only to the Black Forest Railway in significance in terms of railways in the area. The route then parallels the Danube river, which is formed by the confluence of the Brigach and Breg rivers, until it reaches Immedingen. The entire route crosses through four districts of the state of Baden-Württemberg: From Offenburg to Hausach it starts in

2625-575: The Black Forest Railway. Starting on 24 May 1998, trains of the Ortenau -S-Bahn provided service between Offenburg und Hausach. This service is now available hourly from Offenburg, via Hausach, then onto the Kinzig Valley Railway to Freudenstadt . Concurrently, trains of the Swiss company Mittelthurgaubahn travelled between Engen and Konstanz, which connected via Konstanz into Switzerland . In 2001,

2700-465: The Black Forest, the Black Forest Railway shortened the trip between Offenburg and Singen, which had been connected by the Baden Mainline ( Badische Hauptbahn ), from 240 km to 150 km. The route is currently operated by a regular service of Deutsche Bahn RegionalExpress trains, using double-decker rolling stock , which allow excellent views. The trains continue southwards from Singen on

2775-527: The Botanical Garden with a palm, cactus and orchid house, and walking paths through the woods to the north. The so-called Kleine Kirche (Little Church), built between 1773 and 1776, is the oldest church of Karlsruhe's city centre. The architect Friedrich Weinbrenner designed many of the city's most important sights. Another sight is the Rondellplatz with its 'Constitution Building Columns' (1826). It

2850-671: The Gutach valley near Triberg . Due to the many tunnels on a curved alignment, the section between Hornberg and Sankt Georgen ended up being the most complicated section of the route, and was completed last. In 1870, the Franco-Prussian War markedly delayed construction, since the German construction crews were drafted for military service, and the Italian crews were let go. Work did not resume until 1871. The two sections Offenburg–Hausach and Engen–Singen were opened for service in 1866, and

2925-433: The Gutach valley to Hornberg. From Hornberg to Sankt Georgen, the route must negotiate numerous loops, many through tunnels, and transcends several hundred metres in altitude in the process. This section is clearly visible from a lookout point near Triberg . After passing through Sankt Georgen, the route continues alongside the river Brigach . After Villingen, the route starts to leave the Black Forest behind, and crosses

3000-614: The High Rhine Railway to Konstanz and across the Swiss border to Kreuzlingen , and northwards to Karlsruhe along the Rhine Valley Railway. In addition, the line is utilized by a daily Intercity between Konstanz and Hamburg-Altona . This route was also economically significant for the small communities in the southern part of the Black Forest. For many localities, which, prior to the advent of train service, were only accessible via horse-drawn carriages, this development

3075-458: The Rhine. The city lies at an altitude of between 100 and 322 m (328 and 1,056 ft), the higher figure being near the communications tower in the suburb of Grünwettersbach. Its geographical coordinates are 49°00′N 8°24′E  /  49.000°N 8.400°E  / 49.000; 8.400 ; the 49th parallel runs through the city centre, which puts it at the same latitude as much of

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3150-406: The communities of Pfohren and Neudingen. Two options were examined to achieve the exit of the Danube valley in the direction of Hegau . One option was to leave the valley near Geisingen , the other choice was to exit near Immendingen . Gerwig chose the latter option, as it turned out to allow for less complex track construction. He chose to artificially lengthen the route with two double slings in

3225-478: The construction of part of the line as a rack and pinion railway , like the Murg Valley Railway or the Höllental Railway , would have been necessary. Between Hausach and Sankt Georgen, the railway ascends a total of 564 metres. The two towns are separated by only 21 kilometres in a straight line; the railway traverses 38 kilometres to make the trip. As mentioned before, the line had to be constructed with

3300-542: The entire Black Forest Railway had been laid out to accommodate two tracks. Starting in 1922, the Prussian Class P 8 steam locomotive saw service on the route. On 4 February 1923, French troops occupied the towns of Appenweier and Offenburg, which meant that the slow passenger trains ( Bummelzug ) were forced to start and end their runs in the community of Ortenberg, just south of Offenburg. Only one express passenger train, traveling between Hausach and Konstanz, utilized

3375-545: The first German-Swiss border crossing near Waldshut and Koblenz . Geological issues in the Wutach Valley prevented taking a path in a southerly direction from Donaueschingen, and trains took a lengthy detour around the Swiss Canton of Schaffhausen to reach Singen, near Lake Constance , which was the ultimate destination. After settling on Offenburg as the starting point, and Singen as the destination, three variations on

3450-515: The hour with a Regional-Express ( RE ) train from Konstanz to Offenburg. InterRegio connections to Berlin , Hamburg , Lübeck , and Stralsund were offered starting in the mid-1990s. The privatization of the Bundesbahn also affected the Black Forest Railway. The rail transport reform program enabled private rail transport companies to gain access to the network of the DB AG , and with it access to

3525-442: The intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Danube_Valley_Railway&oldid=1141910047 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Black Forest Railway (Baden) The Baden Black Forest Railway (German: Badische Schwarzwaldbahn )

3600-416: The late 1990, Karlsruhe became known as the internet capital of Germany. The DENIC , Germany's network information centre , has since moved to Frankfurt, though, where DE-CIX is located. Two major internet service providers , WEB.DE and schlund+partner / 1&1 , now both owned by United Internet  AG, are located at Karlsruhe. The library of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology developed

3675-594: The late 19th century, Karlsruhe developed several suburban areas ( Vorstadt ) in the Gründerzeit and especially Art Nouveau styles of architecture, with many preserved examples. Karlsruhe is also home to the Majolika-Manufaktur , the only art-ceramics pottery studio in Germany. Founded in 1901, it is located in the Schlossgarten . A 'blue streak' ( Blauer Strahl ) consisting of 1,645 ceramic tiles, connects

3750-469: The limitation that it could not leave the territory of the Grand Duchy of Baden . Building the line via the town of Schramberg, in the Kingdom of Württemberg , would have made construction much less expensive and complex. However, this would have meant that Baden would have had to share control over the strategically important line with another state, and the clock-making industry in Schramberg would have gained an important advantage in their competition with

3825-412: The line at the time. All the usual through traffic on the Black Forest Railway had to be rerouted in complicated fashion. Only on 11 December 1923, when Appenweier und Offenburg were liberated, did regular service to Offenburg, and limited service further north, resume. Starting in 1924, the old Hornberg viaduct across the Reichenbach valley was replaced by a new arched bridge to increase the capacity of

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3900-435: The line were examined: The Bregtallinie option was eliminated first, due to its expense and complexity. From an engineering perspective, it was actually the Schiltachlinie that turned out to be easiest to execute; however, because that line would have run through Schramberg, in Württemberg, and would not have been located solely in Baden, the final decision was made to utilize the Sommeraulinie. Railway engineer Robert Gerwig

3975-433: The line, in order to make the Black Forest Railway yet more flexible and economically attractive, and on 25 September 1977, the entire line was switched to full electrical operation. The work to electrify the line had been more complex than anticipated, particularly in the many tunnels, as the rail beds had to be lowered in those instances. Several unprofitable railway stations and other halts were also taken out of service at

4050-400: The maximum level of medical services, the St. Vincentius-Kliniken and the Diakonissen krankenhaus , connected to the Catholic and Protestant churches, respectively, offer central services, and the private Paracelsus-Klinik basic medical care, according to state hospital demand planning. Germany's largest oil refinery is located in Karlsruhe, at the western edge of the city, directly on

4125-454: The operation of the Karlsruhe Stadtbahn , the rail system that serves a larger area around the city. This system makes it possible to reach other towns in the region, like Ettlingen , Wörth am Rhein , Pforzheim , Bad Wildbad , Bretten , Bruchsal , Heilbronn , Baden-Baden , and even Freudenstadt in the Black Forest right from the city centre. The Stadtbahn is known for pioneering the concept of operating trams on train tracks, to achieve

4200-418: The other parts of the line were finished in the next several years. Due to the further delays caused by the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, the Black Forest Railway was not completed in its entirety until 10 November 1873. In addition, the section Singen–Konstanz, which had been opened in 1863 as part of the Baden Mainline , was operationally linked to the Black Forest Railway. Plans were also drawn up to connect

4275-411: The palace consisted of gardens and forests, some of which remain, but the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (founded in 1825), Wildparkstadion football stadium, and residential areas have been built there. The area west of the palace is now mostly residential. Karlsruhe experiences an oceanic climate ( Köppen : Cfb ) and its winter climate is milder, compared to most other German cities, except for

4350-431: The river Rhine . The Technologieregion Karlsruhe is a loose confederation of the region's cities in order to promote high tech industries; today, about 20% of the region's jobs are in research and development . EnBW , one of Germany's biggest electric utility companies, with a revenue of €19.2 billion in 2012, is headquartered in the city. Due to the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology providing services until

4425-413: The route. At the end of October 1925, after 17 months of construction, the new bridge was put into service. Also in 1925 (some sources quote 1931), the 31-metre-long Kaisertunnel was excavated and removed. On 22 April 1945, service had to be halted when a pillar of the viaduct suffered collateral war damage. The damage was repaired just a few weeks after the end of the war, and the Black Forest Railway

4500-454: The same industry in Furtwangen in Baden. The route passes through numerous tunnels (37 alone in the section between Hausach and Sankt Georgen), but only travels across one large viaduct, in Hornberg. On its way from north to south, the line passes under the main European watershed twice, once via the Sommerau tunnel between Triberg and Sankt Georgen, which is 1,697 metres long, and then via the Hatting tunnel, between Engen and Immendingen, which

4575-400: The start of World War I in 1914, service was steadily decreased for the duration of the war. In the summer of 1918, just a single passenger train frequented the line. Then, on 24 May 1918, a munitions train exploded near Triberg . The sections Offenburg–Hausach and Villingen–Singen were expanded into twin track lines by November 1921, which was made possible by the fact that the rail beds of

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4650-501: The state of Baden-Württemberg . In 2004, the DB Schwarzwaldbahn GmbH, a subsidiary of DB AG, which became part of DB Regio AG before ever starting service, won the contract over two other bidders. Starting on 10 December 2006, trains consisting of locomotives of the type DBAG Class 146 , and modern double-decker passenger cars with the name "Schwarzwaldbahn" printed on them, are providing comfortable service with air conditioning and suspension seats. Passenger counts rose by 30% within

4725-401: The studio with the Palace. It is the world's largest ceramic artwork. Another tourist attraction is the Centre for Art and Media ( Zentrum für Kunst und Medientechnologie , or ZKM), which is located in a converted ammunition factory. Karlsruhe is the seat of the German Federal Constitutional Court (Bundesverfassungsgericht) and the highest Court of Appeals in civil and criminal cases,

4800-554: The time. It is also worth noting that, due to the many sections with steep inclines, locomotives of the type DB Class 139 , with rheostatic brakes , were prominently seen in service. 1989 saw the beginning of a new chapter in rail service in the Black Forest: The Deutsche Bundesbahn celebrated the creation of a new train type, called InterRegio ( IR ), with the introduction of new service from Konstanz via Offenburg, Karlsruhe, Heidelberg and Frankfurt am Main to Kassel . These InterRegio trains ran every other hour, alternating on

4875-461: The united Baden until 1945. Built in 1822, the Ständehaus was the first parliament building in a German state. In the aftermath of the democratic revolution of 1848, a republican government was elected there. Karlsruhe was visited by Thomas Jefferson during his time as the American envoy to France; when Pierre Charles L'Enfant was planning the layout of Washington, D.C. , Jefferson passed to him maps of 12 European towns to consult, one of which

4950-420: The weather station in Karlsruhe, which had been in operation since 1876, was closed; it was replaced by a weather station in Rheinstetten , south of Karlsruhe. Karlsruhe is divided into 27 districts. According to legend, the name Karlsruhe , which translates as "Charles' repose" or "Charles' peace", was given to the new city after a hunting trip when Margrave Charles III William of Baden-Durlach woke from

5025-428: The world's most important shipping routes, forms the western limits of the city, beyond which lie the towns of Maximiliansau and Wörth am Rhein in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate . The city centre is about 7.5 km (4.7 mi) from the river, as measured from the Marktplatz (Market Square). Two tributaries of the Rhine, the Alb and the Pfinz , flow through the city from the Kraichgau to eventually join

5100-431: Was a sketch he had made of Karlsruhe during his visit. In 1860, the first-ever international professional convention of chemists, the Karlsruhe Congress , was held in the city. In 1907 the town was site of the Hau Riot where large crowds caused disturbance during the trial of murderer Carl Hau . On Kristallnacht in 1938, the Adass Jeshurun synagogue was burned to the ground, and the city's Jews were later sent to

5175-480: Was expanded into a twin-track configuration by 1888. Scheduled passenger train service continually increased through the early 1900s. Additionally, freight train service also saw growth in that same period. Starting in the summer of 1906, more and more passenger express trains utilized the line, amongst them international connections such as Amsterdam –Konstanz, Ostend –Konstanz and Frankfurt am Main – Chur . However, these connections were soon discontinued. After

5250-419: Was founded by Charles III William , became a major city in the 19th century. In the 1950s, Karlsruhe became a significant city where the population started to grow. It gained a large student population due to the university of technology and media arts. Karlsruhe reached populations of 200,000 in 1950 and 300,000 in 2014. The Stadtgarten is a recreational area near the main railway station ( Hauptbahnhof ) and

5325-471: Was key to their industrialization. From the end of the 19th century, until World War I , the manufacture of clocks in the Black Forest saw its economic heyday, and this industry marks the local economy even today. Not only the residents of towns directly on the line, such as St. Georgen , Hornberg , Villingen-Schwenningen , and Donaueschingen , were beneficiaries of train service, but even Furtwangen or Schramberg , which are not far away, profited. The line

5400-420: Was operational again on 30 June 1945. Rail buses were seen on the Black Forest Railway for the first time in the summer of 1955, and the following year marked the first service of diesel locomotives on the line. Diesel locomotives of the type DB Class V 200 replaced the last steam locomotives, particularly of the type DRG Class 39 (former Prussian P 10 ). At the start of the 1970s it was decided to electrify

5475-486: Was rebuilt after the war. Located in the American zone of the postwar Allied occupation , Karlsruhe was home to an American military base, established in 1945. After the war, the city was part of West Germany until 1990. In 1995, the bases closed , and their facilities were turned over to the city of Karlsruhe. Karlsruhe has a population of about 310,000 and is the 3rd largest city in Baden-Württemberg . Karlsruhe, which

5550-541: Was rebuilt for the 1967 Federal Garden Show ( Bundesgartenschau ). It is also the site of the Karlsruhe Zoo . The Durlacher Turmberg has a lookout tower (hence its name). It is a former keep dating back to the 13th century. The city has two botanical gardens: the municipal Botanischer Garten Karlsruhe , which forms part of the Palace complex, and the Botanischer Garten der Universität Karlsruhe , which

5625-486: Was tasked with the creation of the track layout plans. Since the central section of the line required an extended planning phase, the Baden State Railway made the decision to initially start construction on the first section, from Offenburg to Hausach, and the last section, from Engen to Singen. The work between Offenburg to Hausach turned out to be relatively uncomplicated, since the engineers were able to utilize

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