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24-580: The station was opened in 1884, called Ekaterinoslav . July 20, 1926, the Presidium of the USSR Central Executive Committee of the city and station Ekaterinoslav was renamed to Dnipropetrovsk. During the Holodomor , British journalist Gareth Jones noted that it was filled with starving peasants desperate for food. During World War II the building was destroyed and in its place under

48-617: Is the most democratic and safeguards the country against undesirable contingencies." The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet was elected by the Supreme Soviet of the USSR at a joint session of both chambers at the first session of each after convocation . The deputies of the Presidium were appointed for the duration of the term of office of the Supreme Soviet. The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of

72-710: The Council of Ministers , the Supreme Court , and the Procurator General of the USSR as well as elected the Presidium which served as the USSR's collective head of state under both the 1936 and 1977 Soviet Constitutions . By the Soviet constitutions of 1936 and 1977 , the Supreme Soviet was defined as the highest organ of state power in the Soviet Union and was imbued with great lawmaking powers. In practice, however, it

96-514: The USSR consisted of a chairman , a first vice-chairman (after 1977), his 15 deputies (one from each republic ), a secretary, and 20 additional deputies from its two constituent chambers, for a total of 39. The Presidium was accountable to the Supreme Soviet of the USSR for all its activities. From 1938 to 1989, the chairman of the Presidium was reckoned as the USSR/Soviet Union's head of state and

120-490: The Presidium or if any decrees would be passed by it, they voted thus in the manner prescribed by the Constitution and laws to wilt that any absolute majority of deputies voting in favor thus approved the law, the same number voting not in favor (not unlike the ones as mentioned before) produced a veto on the draft legislation. According to the 1977 Constitution of the USSR , as in force at the union's dissolution (and thus, at

144-521: The Supreme Soviet The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet ( Russian : Президиум Верховного Совета , romanized :  Prezidium Verkhovnogo Soveta ) was the standing body of the highest body of state authority in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). The presidium was elected by joint session of both houses of the Supreme Soviet to act on its behalf while the Supreme Soviet

168-458: The Supreme Soviet and able to put himself in opposition to the Supreme Soviet. The President of the U.S.S.R. is a collegium, it is the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, including the President of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, elected, not by the whole population but by the Supreme Soviet and accountable to the Supreme Soviet. Historical experience shows that such a structure of the supreme bodies

192-400: The Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union, each of its constituting union republics and each autonomous republic had a supreme soviet. These supreme soviets also had presidiums, but all consisted of only one chamber. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union , some soviets of the succeeded independent republics simply changed their name to their more historic name or to emphasise their importance as

216-456: The Supreme Soviet's infrequent sessions (it usually sat for only one week per year) and the principles of democratic centralism meant that Presidium decrees de facto had the force of law. It was not unheard of for the CPSU Politburo to bypass the full Supreme Soviet and enact major laws as Presidium decrees. While the Supreme Soviet's power of veto was almost never exercised in practice, it

240-644: The abolition of the Presidium), the basic powers of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR were: By then, most of the Presidium's former powers were reassigned to the whole Supreme Soviet and to the President of the USSR . (1944–1946) (1977–1989) (1888–1970) (1901–1990) Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union The Supreme Soviet of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics ( SSUSSR )

264-427: The acquisition of the Soviet citizenship , its forfeiting or voluntary rejection. When the Supreme Soviet was not in session, the Presidium carried out the Supreme Soviet's ordinary functions. It was also empowered to issue decrees in lieu of law, which were to be submitted to the Supreme Soviet at its next session. If such decrees were not ratified by the Supreme Soviet, they were to be considered revoked. In practice,

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288-463: The population size. The Supreme Soviet convened twice a year, usually for less than a week. For the rest of the year, the Presidium performed its ordinary functions. Often, the CPSU bypassed the Supreme Soviet altogether and had major laws enacted as Presidium decrees. Nominally, if such decrees were not ratified by the Supreme Soviet at its next session, they were considered revoked. In practice, however,

312-402: The presidiums in these republics were virtually identical. During discussions in regard to the adoption of the 1936 Constitution of the Soviet Union, on proposition to elect the chairman of the Presidium in a nationwide election, Stalin argued: According to the system of our Constitution, there must not be an individual President in the U.S.S.R., elected by the whole population on a par with

336-452: The principle of democratic centralism rendered the process of ratifying Presidium decrees a mere formality. In some cases, even this formality was not observed. After 1989 it consisted of 542 deputies (divided into two 271 chambers) decreased from a previous 1,500. The meetings of the body were also more frequent, from six to eight months a year. In September 1991, after the August Coup , it

360-411: The project of architect Alexey Dushkin in 1951 and built a new station building. In 1976 a large monumental statue of Grigoriy Petrovsky , after whom the city was renamed in 1926, was erected on the square in front of the railway station. This statue was destroyed by an angry mob on 29 January 2016. On 19 May 2016 the official name of Dnipropetrovsk was changed to Dnipro . Hence the official name of

384-427: The republics' legislatures. Russia was an exception with 52 deputies. The Soviet Union consisted of deputies apportioned by the existing quotas. In 1989, its powers were: Acts by the Supreme Soviet entered into force after signature by the President and publication. Between 1938 and February 1990, more than 50 years, only 80 laws were passed by the Supreme Soviet, less than 1% of total legislative acts. Beside

408-558: The station was changed to Dnipro-Holovnyi . Since the Russian invasion of Ukraine Dnipro city became an important logistic point for refugees and army As for the April 2023, next routes are set Passing trains: 48°28′38″N 35°00′54″E  /  48.4772°N 35.0150°E  / 48.4772; 35.0150 This article about a Ukrainian railway station is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Presidium of

432-586: Was a toy parliament which did nothing other than ratify decisions already made by the USSR's executive organs and the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) – always by unanimous consent – and listen to the General Secretary 's speeches. This was in accordance with the Stalinist CPSU's principle of democratic centralism and became the norm for other Communist legislatures . The Supreme Soviet

456-424: Was composed of two chambers, each with equal legislative powers: Under the 1936 Constitution, the Supreme Soviet was elected for a four-year term, and the Soviet of the Union had one deputy for every 300,000 people. This was changed by the 1977 constitution; the term was extended to five years, and the number of seats in the Soviet of the Union was changed to be the same as the Soviet of Nationalities, regardless of

480-613: Was not in session . By the 1936 and 1977 Soviet Constitution , the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet served as the collective head of state of the USSR. In all its activities, the Presidium was accountable to the Supreme Soviet of the USSR . Beside the all-Union body they were also in all union republics (e.g.: Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR , Presidium of the Ukrainian SSR , etc.) and other regions including autonomous republics . Structure and functions of

504-512: Was not unheard of for the Politburo to enact Presidium decrees into legislation without even the formality of submitting them to the full Supreme Soviet for ratification. As party members made up the majority of members of the presidum, in such plenary sessions or extraordinary ones wherein the Chairman of the Presidium or any high ranking CC-CPSU introduces a relevant CC decision for the resolution of

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528-525: Was reorganised into the Soviet (council) of Republics and the Soviet of The Union, which would jointly amend the Soviet Constitution , admit new states, hear out the President of the Soviet Union on important home and foreign policy issues, approve the union budget, declare war and conclude peace. The Soviet of Republics would consist of 20 deputies from each union republic, plus one deputy to represent each autonomous region of each republic, delegated by

552-574: Was sometimes referred to as the "President of the USSR/Soviet Union" in non-Soviet sources. Its building, situated inside the Moscow Kremlin , was appropriately named the Kremlin Presidium . According to the 1936 Constitution of the USSR , as in force as enacted originally (and thus, at the establishment of the Presidium), the basic powers of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR were: The presidium also dealt with questions regarding

576-503: Was the highest body of state authority of the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1936 to 1991. It was based on the principle of unified power , which was the only branch of government in the Soviet state. Prior to 1936, the Congress of Soviets was the supreme legislative body. During 1989–1991 a similar, but not identical structure was the supreme legislative body. The Supreme Soviet appointed

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