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30-450: It was the only theatre in Stockholm outside the royal theatres during the monopol of the royal theatres between 1799 and 1842, and it also played an important part in abolishing this royal monopol. Until 1842, it was a "summer theatre", but later, it became an all-year theatre and an important one, called the "theatre of the people". It was described as a wood building with the same exterior of

60-477: A barn, and was painted yellow. In 1795, Abraham de Broen (1759–1804), actor at the Royal Dramatic Theatre , asked for the permission to build and run a theatre, and a theatre-privilege were given to himself, his wife and their children for as long as they wished to use it. In 1798, a new theatre monopoly was stated, which banned all theatres except the royal ones inside the city border of Stockholm. When

90-486: A city and as Sweden's definitive capital had changed considerably as had its centre. In 1881, the Royal Dramatic Theatre, which had until then been financed by the royal court—which gave the actors status as court staff—was separated from the court and the royal family and made a state theatre, which was completed in 1888. The new location that was eventually picked out for the new Royal Dramatic Theatre Nybroplan

120-403: Is not used when referring to the old Royal Dramatic Theatre). Dramaten currently houses these stages: of the Royal Dramatic Theatre (Dramaten): of the old Royal Dramatic Theatre: 59°20′00″N 18°04′37″E  /  59.33333°N 18.07694°E  / 59.33333; 18.07694 Gustaf Molander Gustaf Harald August Molander (18 November 1888 – 19 June 1973)

150-655: The Royal Dramatic Training Academy , produced many actors and directors who would go on to be famous, including Gustaf Molander (who also taught there), Alf Sjöberg , Greta Garbo , Vera Schmiterlöw , Signe Hasso , Ingrid Bergman , Gunnar Björnstrand , Max von Sydow , and Bibi Andersson . The school was split off as a separate institution in 1967 (see Swedish National Academy of Mime and Acting ). The first Swedish theatre opened in Bollhuset and Lejonkulan in 1667 and employed only foreign companies. While

180-512: The Svenska teatern (Swedish Theatre) , which was run by the charismatic theatre personality Albert Ranft . Many of the original Swedish stagings of Ibsen 's plays had been produced at the Swedish Theatre instead of the national stage, as well as new German and French dramatic works, and the national stage was at the same time accused of being old, dusty and overcrowded. There was lively debate in

210-403: The 19th century was to mean changes both within and without the theatre. In 1834, the actors, infuriated by a new system that replaced their percent of the theatre income by a set salary, went on strike, knowing they had succeeded with a similar action against an unpopular director in 1828. This time, however, the strike was broken by the government, which gave some of them raised salaries and fired

240-529: The Arsenal Theatre. In 1798, the theatres and operas of Stockholm were united by a royal monopoly, and the "Two Stages" ruled uncontested over the city for over forty years. In 1825, the old Palace building of the theatre caught fire and burned down in the middle of a performance. The theatre was now located in the same building as the Opera, an arrangement that was to continue for almost forty years. The middle of

270-616: The Djurgårdsteatern in summer and in Kirsteinska huset , a concert house, in winter. The director of the Djurgården theatre, Isaac de Broen's brother-in-law Karl Wildner, married to Debora Aurora de Broen, then transferred the old theatre privilege of the de Broen-family on Torsslow and Pierre Deland , who worked on abolishing the old theatre regulation. In the 1841–1842 season, Torsslow stated, that he would start to play on Djurgårsteatern in

300-424: The Djurgårdsteatern was opened in 1801, however, it was located on Djurgården, at the time an island outside the city itself, and furthermore, it was not what was counted as a "real theatre"; it was what was called a "summer theatre", active only in summers, and often called "The Summer stage". Thereby, it did not threaten the royal monopoly. The staff at the theatre was described as "former footmen and maids", and it

330-626: The French company and encouraged Swedish talents, and thus, the Royal Swedish Opera was founded in Bollhuset. A theatre of spoken drama was founded by Fredrik Ristell in the same building in 1787, but was not to last long. In 1788 Ristell fled the country to escape his creditors. The actors formed a company and asked for the king's protection, which led to the establishment of the national theatre. Sweden's national stage for dramatic art (spoken drama)

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360-640: The Royal Theatre (the opera stage). The king became the formal director and placed the theatre under Royal protection, to be ruled by the actors themselves by votes every fourteenth day under the supervision of the Royal Swedish Academy of Arts . This rule was quite chaotic, and the voting is described as capricious and temperamental: "The male actors arguing with each other, one of the ladies voting yes because another lady voted no, others of them counting their buttons and letting fate decide", and in 1803,

390-505: The Swedish theatre and helped shape Sweden's theatrical history with their 20th-century performances. When mentioning the national stage in Sweden, the reference is generally the old Royal Dramatic Theatre (meaning Kungliga Dramatiska Teatern that was located at Kungsträdgården 1788–1907) and then the new/present Royal Dramatic Theatre, a.k.a. Dramaten , located at Nybroplan since 1908 ("Dramaten"

420-470: The actors themselves asked for the system to be replaced by a director. The Royal Dramatic Theatre was located in the old premises at Bollhuset during its first years, but in 1792, the old building was deemed to be to run down, and 1 November 1793, the theatre was opened in the Palace of Makalös , also called Arsenalen, where the theatre was to be located for the next thirty years; it was now often commonly called

450-399: The others with pensions. The fired actors founded a theatre company that performed all around town, and in 1842, the theatre monopoly was broken and a second theatre was founded in Stockholm; by the 1850s, there were several theatres in the city, and the Royal Dramatic Theatre experienced heavy competition, especially from the Svenska teatern (Swedish Theatre) . There was much criticism about

480-470: The pioneering plays of Ibsen and Chekov , as well as August Strindberg 's late dramatic works, for example Till Damaskus ( To Damascus ). But at the beginning of the 20th century, the playhouse was rundown and in desperate need of renovation and a more modern, functional stage. From the 1880s the national stage had suffered stiff competition from several new private theatres in Stockholm , in particular,

510-591: The play of the same name written by the Protestant pastor Kaj Munk , not to be confused with the second and more famous version of the film brought to the big screen by Carl Theodor Dreyer . The Danish master's film was shot twelve years later and won the prestigious Golden Lion at the Venice International Film Festival. In 1948 Molander made what should have been his last film, Eva , but almost twenty years later, in 1967, he agreed to participate as

540-400: The plays were sometimes open to the public, it remained more or less a court theatre. The first Swedish play, Den Svenska Sprätthöken , was performed in 1737 by the first Swedish theatre company. The Swedish theatre was turned out of their playhouse by Queen Louisa Ulrika of Prussia after the 1753–54 season, and the playhouse was given to a French company . In 1771, king Gustav III fired

570-404: The press on the subject of refurbishing the national stage at Kungsträdgården. Many different kinds of restoration were proposed, but King Oscar II was not satisfied with any of the suggestions. Instead, the decision was soon made to completely tear down the old theatre building and to build a new, bigger, fresher and more modern one at a more suitable location. From the 1850s onwards, Stockholm as

600-407: The sharing of localities between the opera and the theatre, as the localities of the Opera were built for singing and considered unsuitable for spoken drama. In 1863, the Royal Dramatic Theatre purchased the playhouse of an old rival theatre, Mindre teatern , and moved the theatre to it. Here the Royal Dramatic Theatre remained until 1907, and it was here new dramas of the 19th Century were performed:

630-459: The theatre's five running stages. The theatre has been at its present location in the Art Nouveau building at Nybroplan , Stockholm , since 1908. The theatre was built by the architect Fredrik Lilljekvist . Famous artists like Carl Milles and Carl Larsson were involved in making the decorations, and some of the interior decorations were made by Prince Eugen . The theatre's acting school,

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660-407: The winters as well, no matter if he was stopped or not, and as the government did not wish to stop him, the old regulation was formally abolished in 1842. This quickly led to the establishment of several new theatres, such as Mindre teatern (or Nya teatern ) in 1842, Södra teatern (1852) and Ladugårdslandsteatern (1856). In 1863, Djurgårdsteatern burnt down, and the de Broen's privilege

690-509: Was a Swedish actor and film director. His parents were director Harald Molander, Sr. (1858–1900) and singer and actress Lydia Molander , née Wessler, and his brother was the director Olof Molander (1892–1966). He was the father of director and producer Harald Molander from his first marriage, from 1910-1918, with actress Karin Molander and father to actor Jan Molander from his second marriage to Elsa Fahlberg (1892–1977). Gustaf Molander

720-480: Was abolished, but it was rebuilt again in 1866-67 and continued with its activity until it burnt down again in 1929. 59°19′39″N 18°05′57″E  /  59.32750°N 18.09917°E  / 59.32750; 18.09917 Royal Dramatic Theatre The Royal Dramatic Theatre ( Swedish : Kungliga Dramatiska Teatern , colloquially Dramaten ) is Sweden's national stage for "spoken drama", founded in 1788. Around one thousand shows are put on annually on

750-789: Was born in Helsingfors (now Helsinki) in the Grand Duchy of Finland (in the Russian Empire ), where his father was working at the Swedish Theatre . He studied in the school of the Royal Dramatic Theatre in Stockholm 1907–1909, acted at the Swedish theatre in Helsingfors 1909–1913, and then at the Royal Dramatic Theatre from 1913 to 1926. The last years there he headed the school; his students included Greta Garbo . Molander wrote several screenplays for Victor Sjöström and Mauritz Stiller , and

780-471: Was closer to what was then becoming the heart of Stockholm and was beautifully situated by the waterfront. Fredrik Lilljekvist was appointed the head architect, and on February 18, 1908, the national stage's new theatre building at Nybroplan opened with Strindberg 's new play Mäster Olof . This building is the present Royal Dramatic Theatre. Here the legendary theatre directors, brothers Olof and Gustaf Molander , Alf Sjöberg , and Ingmar Bergman formed

810-464: Was established by King Gustav III in 1788. It was then that the Royal Theatre ( Kungliga Teatern ) in Sweden was officially split in two, and the Royal Theatre (today known as the Royal Swedish Opera ) became thereafter solely an opera stage. For spoken drama a new theatre was built specifically, called Kungliga Dramatiska Teatern—the Royal Dramatic Theatre, to distinguish it from

840-421: Was helped by the latter to get employment as a director for Svensk Filmindustri , where he worked 1923–1956. All in all, he directed 62 films. He often worked with Gösta Ekman , and his films include Intermezzo (1936), which became Ingrid Bergman 's breakthrough and paved her way to America, where she starred in the 1939 Hollywood remake of the film. In 1943 he directed Ordet , the first film version of

870-549: Was managed by his widow Maria Elisabeth Grundt and his son, actor Isaac de Broen. In the 1830s, Djurgårdsteatern entered a new age when it was the place of the abolishment of the royal theatre privilege in Stockholm. After the great theatre strike on the Royal Dramatic theatre by the actor couple Ulrik Torsslow and Sara Torsslow in 1834, the Torsslow couple left the royal theatre along with many other stars, who started to perform

900-424: Was often used as a stage for travelling theatre troupes passing through Stockholm, but many of the actors from the Royal Dramatic theatre and the Royal Swedish Opera made guest performances, making their débuts and started their careers here. The actors at Djurgårsteatern also toured on the country side. It was described as a smaller, more informal and less high pitched theatre. After the death of Abraham de Broen, it

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