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30-513: The feud was named after the knightly House of Dernbach, a powerful Ganerbschaft (jointly-owned inheritance) with almost sovereign rights. The Dernbachers, along with the Lords of Bicken (the present-day administrative center of Mittenaar ), carried the primary burden of opposing Nassau’s quest for the territorial dominion of the area. In the middle of the 12th century, the emerging House of Nassau greatly expanded its possessions. In 1231, it received

60-409: A Ganerbenburg ("common inheritance castle"). The peaceful coexistence of the heirs, the rules by which they lived daily, side by side, and the rights of use of common facilities were usually comprehensively regulated by so-called Burgfrieden agreements. Ganerbschaften were established in order to keep an important family property, like a castle, without dividing it or disposing of it. Although

90-462: A "community of joint ownership" ( Gesamthandsgemeinschaft or Gemeinschaft zur gesamten Hand ). Ganerbschafts arose as a result of the simultaneous nomination of several co-heirs to the same estate; this occurred mainly in the Middle Ages for reasons of family politics. Subject of such legal relationships was usually a jointly-built or conquered castle or palace , which was then referred to as

120-604: A Heidenrich of Dernbach sold his remaining serfs in the Nassau area to the local count for a low price. With this, the Lordship of Dernbach was finally transferred to Nassau. Ganerbschaft A Ganerbschaft (plural: Ganerbschaften in German), according to old German inheritance law , was a joint family estate, mainly land, over which the co-heirs ( Ganerben ) only had rights in common. In modern German legal parlance it corresponds to

150-467: A castle at Eisemroth (the present-day administrative center of Siegbach ) in 1307-1308 for protection against Nassau. On 9 November 1309, the Dernbachers sold their home castle, the small water castle Alt-Dernbach, to the new Landgrave Otto I and received it back as a fiefdom. This was presumably because its finances were heavily affected by the feud. Otto undertook to further expand the castle, to bring

180-634: Is a range of hills up to 609 m high in the Rhine Massif in Germany, on the junction of the Rothaar Mountains (north and northwest), Westerwald (southwest), (Eastern) Hintertaunus (in the south) and West Hesse Highlands in the east. It lies in Central Hesse within the districts of Marburg-Biedenkopf , Lahn-Dill and Gießen within the so-called Lahn - Dill -(Dietzhölze-) loop. Small parts of

210-485: Is somewhat less extensive in the southeast and whose boundaries tend to line up with those of the sponsoring municipalities. In addition, not insignificant areas belong to the historical Hessian Hinterland , which is why the two named articles refer to one another, as far as regional associations, culture and history are concerned. Geology and mining will be largely covered in the article on the Lahn-Dill Region On

240-453: The Siegerland , who soon allied himself with the Dernbachers. Not much is known about the fighting itself, but presumably it followed the usual pattern of feuds: essentially the looting and devastation of enemy possessions. At the beginning of the feud, according to tradition, Nassau destroyed a castle of the Dernbachers near Herborn, in the territory of the present-day borough of Seelbach, and

270-458: The religious patronage rights and 13 courts in smaller villages. In 1334 Henry III of Nassau-Dillenburg was finally given Wallenfels Castle by Landgrave Henry II. On 30 July, a contract was once more concluded between Nassau and the Dernbachers, in which questions about the rights from the first peace treaty were clarified. On 21 May 1336 an agreement was also concluded between the Lords of Bicken and Nassau, in which they sold Hainchen Castle (with

300-546: The Kingdom of Württemberg . In the 13th century Trappstadt was divided by the counts of Henneberg and the monasteries of Theres and Veilsdorf . Three hundred years later in 1524, there were already twelve Ganerben issued. The possession of the Ganerben quarters were divided as follows: Gladenbach Uplands The Gladenbach Uplands ( German : Gladenbacher Bergland ), named after their central town of Gladenbach ,

330-627: The Upper Lahn Valley in the northwest belong, together with the town of Bad Laasphe , also to the district of Siegen-Wittgenstein , North Rhine-Westphalia . The Gladenbach Uplands are geographical unit 320 which is part of the natural region 32, the Westerwald , in Germany's system of natural regions . The Gladenbach Highlands is largely coextensive with the Lahn-Dill Uplands Nature Park which extends further west, however, but

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360-530: The battle on 10 August 1328 at Wetzlar , in which Count John of Nassau-Dillenburg (a son of Otto I) was killed. With the loss of Dernbach Castle, the feud was lost for the knightly house based there. On 21 May 1333 it concluded a contract with Henry I of Nassau-Siegen , in which it sold all of rights in the Herborn and the Herborner Mark and many other rights in smaller settlements. The Dernbachers retained only

390-675: The bulk of the property belonging to it) to the Count, but received rights to reign around Ebersbach. In 1350, the Lords of Dernbach, with the help of the Lords of Bicken in Hainchen and with the support of the Landgrave, built the castle of New Dernbach in the Hessian territory of Blankenstein ( Gladenbach ). After the end of the feuds, the boundaries between Hessen and Nassau in the area were set, which remain still today as district boundaries. On 21 April 1486,

420-567: The city under its protection to prevent it from falling into the hands of Nassau. Apparently, this allowed the Dernbachs to strongly assert themselves against Nassau again. On June 26, 1312, Landgrave Otto I concluded an agreement with several members of the House of Nassau. It committed both sides in the future to no longer build castles against each other, and the Nassaus conceded that they could not restrict

450-604: The column of their most important river!) → to full list The outer boundary of the Gladenbach Uplands is formed by the Lahn and Dill accompanied in the north (upper reaches of the Lahn ) by the B 62 , in the east by the B 3 Marburg - Gießen (mostly autobahn-like, clearly external in the Marburg area), in the east, south of the B 49 Gießen- Wetzlar (mostly autobahn-like) and in

480-539: The community. Only Comburg Abbey was allowed, in 1717, to buy the share of the estate belonging to the lords of Stetten, because they had formerly been members of the Ganerbschaft . In 1802 the estate lost its status as a Ganerbschaft in the wake of secularisation , and the castle and lands all went to the imperial princes of Hohenlohe . However, in 1806 the whole estate was seized by the Duke of Württemberg and became part of

510-444: The county of Hohenlohekreis ), was about to die out. One of the last members of the family, Mechthild von Stein, donated a large portion of her estates to Comburg Abbey . On her death, the remaining part of the estate went to her close relatives: the lords of Künzelsau and the lords of Bartenau. Over the centuries, the divisions of the estate were inherited, partly or wholly purchased or went into other hands by marriage. Around 1500

540-744: The disputed territory and so in 1326 built the new Hessenwald Castle, near the present site of Roth at the Heligenberg, strategically advantageously located on the remaining possessions of the Lords of Bicken, and likewise protecting the Breidenbacher area. One of the major battles, lost by Hesse, took place in 1327 in Seibertshausen (a village on the Gladenbach Uplands , later abandoned and eventually incorporated into Weidenhausen, now part of Gladenbach ). However, Landgrave Henry II of Hesse later won

570-454: The division of the estate changed hands many times. Following the Tierberg Feud of 1488 a burgfrieden treaty was agreed in 1493 that governed the joint management of the estate under a Gemeinschaftlichen Ganerben-Amts-Schultheißen ("Common Ganerben Office Sheriff"). The co-heirs pledged themselves henceforth only to transfer their share of the estate to one another, not to anyone outside

600-426: The initially very close community of co-heirs ( Ganerben ) tended to become looser over the decades, the unity of the estate to the outside world was maintained. This often expressed itself through the use of a common family and emblem. Another form of inheritance which permitted similar arrangements, was the fee tail ( Fideikommiss ). In the late 11th century, the von Stein family, owners of Künzelsau (today in

630-638: The landscapes separated by these rivers. The most important watercourses, in addition to the boundary rivers of the Lahn, Dill and Dietzhölze – are the Aar , the Salzböde , the Perf and Allna . The following rivers and streams are sorted in clockwise order i.e. down the Lahn and up the Dill, beginning with the upper reaches of the Lahn in the north and cover a catchment area of over 20 km²: (the natural regions are linked in

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660-557: The lords of Stetten owned 25% of Künzelsau, 20% belonged to the House of Hohenlohe and 15% to the imperial town of Schwäbisch Hall . Another 10% was owned by the Archbishopric of Mainz , the Bishopric of Würzburg owned 10%, and 20% was divided amongst various individuals (Sulmeister von Hall, Ritter von Bachenstein, Berlichingen , Crailsheim , Neuenstein etc.). In the period that followed

690-660: The reign of Henry I of Nassau-Siegen (1270–1343). It must have been during this time that the Dernbachers received support from neighboring Lords of Bicken, who came to Hainchen. By around 1250 the Landgraves of Hesse, who in regard to the Herborner Mark were the feudal lords of the Counts of Nassau, had also become involved in the feud. This was possibly in connection with the War of the Thuringian Succession . Landgrave Henry I built

720-520: The rights (including mining, hunting, and customs rights) and possessions (forests and ore mines in the Schelderwald) of the local aristocracy. The Landgraves of Thuringia and later of Hesse supported the local nobility. The leading figures of the lower nobility against Nassau were the Lords of Dernbach. Parallel with this conflict, Count Henry II was also fighting a vendetta against the Knight of Wilnsdorf in

750-538: The rights are the Lords of Dernbach and Wilnsdorf. Afterwards the feud seems to have cooled somewhat, because by 1325 Nassau had bought some of the possessions of the Dernbachers, Bickeners, and the Bickeners of Hainchen, which brought them a stable power base, particularly in the court of Ebersbach (present-day Ewersbach in Dietzhölztal ). In 1325, the feud erupted anew with great hardship. In this time, among other things,

780-586: The rivers Lahn and Dill the following towns - clockwise from the north - border the Gladenbach Uplands: The northwest transitions to the Rothaar Mountains are comparatively fluid. Here the watershed between the Lahn tributaries of the Banfe and Perf define the boundary. The natural regions mentioned above are generally divided between the catchment areas of the der Lahn and Dill tributaries and

810-601: The small Hessian castle of Lixfeld . However, historians cannot substantiate this allegation. In connection with the feud, Nassau constructed their first castle near Dillenburg and the Herborn Castle. When the Countship of Nassau was divided in 1255 under Henry II’s sons Walram II and Otto I , the Dernbacher Feud had its first mention in the corresponding document. There are reports that sporadic fighting continued during

840-737: The southwest (lower reaches of the Dill ) by the A 45 . The Bundesstraße 253 Dillenburg - Biedenkopf (see above) roughly closes the remaining gap. The most important reservoir in the Gladenbach Uplands is the Aartalsee (57 ha, 270 m above NN) in the Niederweidbach Basin, followed by the Perf Reservoir (18 ha, 301 m) in the Breidenbach Bottom (Breidenbach Bottom). The hills of the Gladenbach Uplands, arranged by ridge or natural region, include

870-514: The sovereignty over the Herborner Mark as a sub-fief from the Landgrave of Thuringia , who had been awarded it by Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa. As early as 1230, violent incidents between the local nobility and Nassau were reported. By the death of Count Henry ( Heinrich ) II, the Rich in 1251, the feud was already in full swing. The cause of the feud was the ambition of Nassau to curtail or take away

900-524: The wooden castle of Nassau at Dillenburg was burnt down. Presumably in the same year Henry I of Nassau-Siegen destroyed the Castle (Alt-) Dernbach, the headquarters of the Dernbachers. The Castle Wallenfels, built by the Landgrave in 1320, was apparently surrendered in battle and came securely into Nassau’s possession (though later it had to be held “open” to the Landgrave). The Landgrave thus lost important bases in

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