104-870: Derek McGrath (born June 4, 1951) is a Canadian actor and writer. McGrath was born in Timmins , Ontario . His career began as Linus in You're a Good Man, Charlie Brown . He is known for his roles in Cheers as Andy Schroeder (the would-be strangler of Diane Chambers ), Oswald Valentine in Dallas , Dr. Benjamin Jeffcoate in My Secret Identity , Crewman Chell in Star Trek: Voyager , and as Dr. Derek Hebert in Doc . McGrath also played Buck
208-494: A Quebecer who worked in Ontario for much of her professional career as a lawyer and judge. As a result, both women have been referred to as "the first Franco-Ontarian Supreme Court justice", although the technically correct practice is to credit Charron, Franco-Ontarian in both senses, with that distinction. Conversely, two of the most famous rock musicians from Ontario, Avril Lavigne and Alanis Morissette , are Franco-Ontarian by
312-615: A second language . In 2016, approximately 16.1 per cent of francophone Ontarians identified as a visible minority. More than half of Ontario's francophone visible minority population reside within Central Ontario (including the Greater Toronto Area ), with 37.8 per cent residing in Eastern Ontario , and the remaining 5.7 per cent in other areas of the province. In 2016, 59.5 per cent of francophones in Ontario were born in
416-689: A French-language institution was incorporated in April 2018 as the Université de l'Ontario français , expecting to accept its first cohort of full-time students in 2021. On September 21, 2020, Legislative Assembly of Ontario passed an amendment to the Franco-Ontarian Emblem Act, 2001 , first proposed by Progressive Conservative MPP, Natalia Kusendova , to designate Franco-Ontarian flag as an official emblem of Ontario . It received royal assent and became law on September 24, 2020. On September 25, 2020,
520-569: A barrier to economic development in their home communities. As well, even today many students of Franco-Ontarian background are still educated in anglophone schools. This has the effect of reducing the use of French as a first language in the province, and thereby limiting the growth of the Franco-Ontarian community. Quebec writer Yves Beauchemin once controversially referred to the Franco-Ontarian community as "warm corpses" (« cadavres encore chauds ») who had no chance of surviving as
624-663: A community. In a similar vein, former Quebec Premier René Lévesque referred to them as "dead ducks". The late 1960s saw a schism form between the francophones in Quebec, and the other francophone communities of Canada, notably the francophones in Ontario. The emergence of a separate québécois identity during the Quiet Revolution ; also resulted in the development of a unique Franco-Ontarian identity, with francophones in Ontario forced to re-conceptualize their identities without relying on francophones in Quebec. Recommendations from
728-414: A company town. The combined mines behaved more like a "very influential industrial citizen", rather than a single company that dominated all aspects of civilian life. As the worker population grew, these camps started to mesh together as a single town. (Torlone later served as the municipal Chief Administrative Officer.) On July 10, 1911, unusually hot and dry temperatures caused small fires to ignite at
832-598: A familiar sight in the region, but there was little commercial interest due to the area's inaccessibility. The extension of the Temiskaming and Northern Ontario Railway to Cochrane in 1907, allowed prospectors to more easily access the area. This sparked an interest in the region's natural resources, leading to the Porcupine Gold Rush . The first known prospectors were a team led by Reuben D'Aigle . They set out for Porcupine Lake in 1907 and dug several test pits in
936-562: A minority (40,045 respondents in 2016) reported having proficiency in only the French language and limited or no knowledge of English. In the same census, more than 1.52 million Ontarians, or 11.5 per cent of the province's population, reported having proficiency in the French language ; while 11.2 per cent of the population reported to be bilingual in French and English. However, that figure includes both Franco-Ontarians and Ontarians who speak French as
1040-579: A number of communities where French-speakers constitute a majority or significant minority, as an area where provincial services are required to be provided in French and English. The following legislation saw pushback from several anglophone Ontario towns and cities, most notably Sault Ste. Marie , which was persuaded by the Alliance for the Preservation of English in Canada to declare themselves "English-only" in
1144-464: A permanent member of the organization. On November 26, 2016, Ontario was granted observer status by La Francophonie. On January 10, 2005, Clarence-Rockland became the first Ontario city to pass a bylaw requiring all new businesses to post signs in both official languages. Clarence-Rockland is 60 per cent francophone, and the city council noted that the bylaw was intended to address the existence of both English-only and French-only commercial signage in
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#17328694046461248-484: A population density of 13.9/km (36.1/sq mi) in 2021. In Timmins, according to the 2021 census, 60.26%% of the population reported English as their mother tongue ( Anglophone ), 34.25%% reported French ( Francophone ) as their first language, and 5.49% reported a non-official language, neither English nor French, as their first language ( Allophone ). 50.8% of the population is bilingual in English and French. From
1352-463: A regional service and distribution centre. The city has a large Francophone community, with more than 50% of the residents bilingual in French and English. Archaeological evidence indicates that the area has been inhabited for at least 6,500 years. The first inhabitants were nomadic peoples of the Shield Archaic culture . At the time of European contact , the area was inhabited primarily by
1456-412: A respondent's mother tongue was the main measure used by the government to determined the number of francophones in the province. There were 590,000 Ontarians, or 4.2 per cent of the population, that reported having French as a mother tongue in the 2021 census, making it the most common mother tongue in the province after English. The majority of Franco-Ontarians are bilingual in both French and English;
1560-417: A significant Franco-Ontarian population. The term Franco-Ontarian has two related usages, which overlap closely but are not identical: it may refer to francophone residents of Ontario, regardless of their ethnicity or place of birth, or to people of French Canadian ancestry born in Ontario, regardless of their primary language or current place of residence. In June 2009, the provincial government expanded
1664-563: A surveyor and cartographer for the Hudson's Bay Company , established a trading outpost at Fredrick House Lake , about 30 km (19 mi) north-east of present-day downtown Timmins. Although beaver fur was plentiful and still in demand in Europe, the trading post was not successful. Nearby competition, and the difficulty of navigating the Abitibi and Fredrick House rivers by canoe, often resulted in
1768-568: Is a city in northeastern Ontario , Canada, located on the Mattagami River . The city is the fourth-largest city in the Northeastern Ontario region with a population of 41,145 at the 2021 Canadian census and an estimated population of 44,819 in 2023. The city's economy is based on natural resource extraction. It is supported by industries related to lumbering, and to the mining of gold, zinc, copper, nickel, and silver. Timmins serves as
1872-706: Is often considered the first francophone and European to have arrived in the region in 1610. During this time, most of Ontario formed a part of New France 's Pays d'en Haut region; with most of the European inhabitants in the region at the time being coureurs de bois and voyageurs , or Jesuit missionaries in Huronia ; most notably the settlements of Sainte-Marie among the Hurons (in present-day Midland ) in 1649, and another settlement in Sault Sainte Marie in 1668. During
1976-475: Is referred to with endings of -ois. In popular usage, the first meaning predominates and the second is poorly understood. Although most Franco-Ontarians meet both definitions, there are notable exceptions. For example, although Louise Charron was the first native-born Franco-Ontarian appointed to the bench of the Supreme Court of Canada , she was preceded as a francophone judge from Ontario by Louise Arbour ,
2080-790: The Association canadienne-française d'Éducation de l'Ontario (ACFÉO) was formed in 1910, who typically opposed the English-only initiatives launched by the Orange Order of Canada , and Irish Catholics led by Michael Fallon, the Bishop of London, Ontario . However, French Canadian migration throughout Ontario continued, with sawmills and papermills in Kapuskasing , and Hearst ; and automotive plants in Oshawa and Windsor attracting French Canadian laborers during
2184-517: The French Language Services Act in 1986 which recognized the French language as a "historic language of Ontario," and as an official language of the province's education system, judiciary, and legislature. However, the Act did not make the French language an official language in its entirety; with other provincial services only made available in French in designated communities and regions with
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#17328694046462288-631: The Cree and Ojibwe peoples. The first Europeans to make contact with the local Indigenous peoples were French explorers in the late 1600s. The first attempt at a permanent European presence in the area did not come until 1785, nearly two decades after Great Britain defeated France in the Seven Years' War and took over its territory in North America east of the Mississippi River . Philip Turnor ,
2392-466: The Francophonie , with the federal government of Canada and the provincial governments of New Brunswick and Quebec being full-fledged members of the organization. Although French is an official language in Ontario's education system, legislature, and judiciary, the province as a whole is not officially bilingual and its other provincial services do not provide English/French bilingual service throughout
2496-477: The Government of Ontario , there were 652,540 Francophones in the province. The majority of Franco-Ontarians in the province reside in Eastern Ontario , Northeastern Ontario , Central Ontario (including the Greater Toronto Area ), although small francophone communities may be found in other regions of the province. The first francophones to settle in Ontario did so during the early 17th century, when most of it
2600-522: The Legislative Assembly of Ontario since 1970. In 2016, the government of Ontario was granted observer status to the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie , permitting the provincial government to submit requests to the organization's ministerial conferences, and participate in certain meetings held by the organization. Ontario is one of four governments in Canada that participates in
2704-569: The Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada passed the Upper Canada School Act , which provided for schools that used English and French and instructional languages. In 1798, during the final years of the French Revolution , French nobleman Joseph-Geneviève de Puisaye led a small group of royalists from France to settle lands north of York (present day Toronto). French migration into Canada West /Ontario did not accelerate until
2808-528: The hemiboreal humid continental climate ( Dfb ). Timmins has cold and snowy winters, being located in Northern Ontario . Temperatures in late summer and autumn tend to be among the coolest for any non-coastal major city in Canada. During the late spring and summer, temperatures can rise considerably, sometimes accompanied by high humidity and unstable air masses. The highest temperature ever recorded in Timmins
2912-456: The 1920s. In 1912, the provincial government passed Regulation 17 , which limited the use of the French as the primary language of instruction to the first two years of elementary school. However, enforcement of the regulation was abandoned in 1927, when it became apparent to the provincial government that the regulation perpetuated inferior schooling of pupils in the province. Instead, a new policy permitting French-language schools instruction
3016-556: The 1986 French Language Services Act . The judge in R. v. Myers ruled that the traffic sign was not a municipal service, but instead was regulated under the provincial Highway Traffic Act and therefore subject to the bilingual requirements of the French Language Services Act . As this was a lower court ruling, it did not affect any other court. However the implication of the decision was that many traffic signs in bilingually designated areas of Ontario would be invalid. It
3120-837: The Americas. Francophone immigrants account for 15 per cent of all immigrants into Ontario, and nearly a third of all immigrants into Central Ontario. 17.4 per cent of immigrants to the province between 2011 and 2016 were francophone. Franco-Ontarians may be found in all areas of Ontario. Approximately 43.1 per cent of francophones in province reside in Eastern Ontario, with 268,070 francophones living in that region. Francophones comprise approximately 15.4 per cent of Eastern Ontario's total population. More than 68 per cent of francophones that live in Eastern Ontario reside in its Champlain region, an area that encompasses Cornwall , Hawkesbury , Ottawa and Pembroke (all of which are adjacent to or near
3224-462: The Dome Mine held meetings about reopening within two days of the fire. The camp was quickly rebuilt with help from various communities around Ontario, and operations soon resumed. The fire burned the thin layers of moss and soil characteristic of a Canadian Shield landscape. This revealed previously unknown veins of gold and other minerals, which helped facilitate economic recovery efforts. Given
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3328-783: The Dragon and Take Me Up to the Ball Game . In the 1970s, he was a prominent actor on TVOntario educational programming, most notably Mathmakers . In 2002, he narrated the National Film Board of Canada short The Hungry Squid , which won the Genie Award for Best Animated Short . He voices Mr. McFeely in Daniel Tiger's Neighborhood and Chief Quimby in Inspector Gadget . He also played Garth Harble, Animal Control Officer, in
3432-697: The Franco-Ontarian community , including ending the position of the French Language Services Commissioner and transferring its responsibilities to the office of the Ontario Ombudsman , reducing the status of the Ministry of Francophone Affairs from a full ministry to a government office, and cancelling funding announced by the prior government of Kathleen Wynne for the creation of the French-language university. After extensive backlash to
3536-640: The Hudson's Bay Company. More than a century later, in 1906, Treaty 9 was signed between Anishinaabe ( Algonquin and Ojibwe ), Omushkegowuk Cree communities, and the Canadian Crown . It required the Mattagami First Nation to move to the north of Mattagami Lake and to cede territory. The presence of gold in the area was long known to the local indigenous people, and the few Europeans who had settled nearby. Outcroppings of gold-bearing quartz were
3640-528: The McIntyre mines ceased operations having produced around 11 million troy ounces of gold. In 1973, 35 townships covering 3,300 km (1,260 sq mi), including Porcupine , South Porcupine , Schumacher , and Timmins were organized into the City of Timmins. The city's population peaked in the mid 1990s, when the city became a regional service and distribution centre for Northeastern Ontario. However, with
3744-414: The Ontario's Attorney General, Roy McMurtry authorized the first French-language provincial court proceeding in 1976. Other departments in the government of Ontario also began to adopt policies of bilingualism, and policies for French services, such as the Ministry of Health in 1979, and the Ministry of Children, Community and Social Services in 1980. French was formally made an official language of
3848-747: The Ontario-Quebec border). However, Northeastern Ontario is the region that has the highest proportion of francophones, with the 122,360 francophone residents of the region making up 22.6 per cent of the region's population. Central Ontario also has a large population of Franco-Ontarians, with 191,375 francophones residing in that region, which includes 63,055 Franco-Ontarians living in the Greater Toronto Area . Other areas include 33,555 Franco-Ontarians in Southwestern Ontario and 7,055 Franco-Ontarians in Northwestern Ontario . Étienne Brûlé
3952-561: The Porcupine area states that a man named Harry Preston slipped on moss and uncovered gold. In some versions of the story, he is responsible for triggering the Porcupine Gold Rush. However, historical records contradict both claims. Harry Preston arrived in the Porcupine area as a part of a team led by Jack Wilson in June 1909, where they discovered a large "dome shaped quartz outcrop". Wilson
4056-417: The Porcupine mining camp at around 3:30pm, and continued as far north as Cochrane . The total number of deaths remains uncertain, with the lowest estimates being 73 and the highest suggesting there were more than 200 dead. A number of people drowned after fleeing into the lake in an attempt to escape the heat and smoke; others were killed by smoke while still trapped underground in the mine. The executives of
4160-430: The Porcupine settlement. These were initially described as a series of "bushfires", but strong winds spread them into the dry forest and they expanded. Evacuation efforts began on the morning of July 11, with women and children being ferried to the opposite end of Porcupine Lake. The small fires eventually merged, and grew into a single wall of fire, estimated to be at least 32 km (20 mi) wide. The fire destroyed
4264-735: The Provincial Committee on Aims and Objectives of Education in the Schools of Ontario, and the Bériault Report led to the provincial government passing the Schools Administration Act , and the Secondary Schools and Boards Act in 1968. The following acts introduced public funding for French-language secondary schools, and laid the foundation for the province's present elementary and secondary francophone school system. In 1969,
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4368-727: The Sandy Falls Golf Club, the McIntyre Community Building and the Timmins Snowmobile Club. Snowmobiling impacts the Timmins economy, as tourists travel from all over North America to explore area trails. Hollinger Park is one of the city's main recreational spaces. The park is divided in two sections, the north side being the public park area, with the south side having a regulation sized baseball diamond and two soccer fields for more organized outdoor recreational endeavours. The baseball park has been home to
4472-586: The Second World War, around a third of the city's population were enlisted into the armed forces. Timmins had its own bomber squadron known as "Porcupine Squadron No. 433", a heavy bomber unit of No. 6 group RCAF in Skipton-on-Swale , England . Timmins' economy suffered slightly during this period as women were prohibited from working in mines under the Ontario Mining Act, leaving no one to replace
4576-563: The Timmins Men's Baseball League since 1985. Former Timmins resident Shania Twain played a concert at Hollinger Park on July 1, 1999. An estimated 22,000 people attended the outdoor concert. The Pioneer Museum is located 39.5 km (24.5 mi) northeast of the city centre in Connaught , a community of 400 people. Nearby communities include Barbers Bay, Dugwal, Finn Road, Hoyle, Ice Chest Lake, McIntosh Springs and Nighthawk. Local history in
4680-582: The Timmins area, as described by a journalist for TPA: Before six o’clock on Monday morning, the news had reached Timmins that the Armistice had been duly signed and the fighting was thus over for the present. Timmins at once commenced to celebrate and kept it up all day and most of the night. First, the fire bell rang; then all the other bells and all the steam whistles joined in the chorus, the outgoing T&NO train adding its due quota of joyful noise. Flags and decorations were brought out, and from an early hour in
4784-537: The Timmins camp quickly surpassed the Porcupine and Schumacher camps in population. Timmins was incorporated as a municipality on January 1, 1912. In November 1912, 1,200 members of the Western Federation of Miners Local 145 held a strike at all three mines in response to a proposal to lower their wages. Mine operators hired gun thugs, who fired on the picket line and were ordered out by the provincial government. After months without work, many men chose to leave
4888-525: The announcement, Ford reversed course, announcing that the commissioner position would be retained and that the office of francophone affairs would be restored to a full government ministry. The actions led to one Franco-Ontarian MPP, Amanda Simard , leaving his caucus to sit as an independent. During this period, governments in Quebec began to fly the Franco-Ontarian flag as a gesture of solidarity. The flag
4992-419: The area dates back over 300 years. Franco-Ontarians Asia Middle East Europe North America South America Oceania Franco-Ontarians ( French : Franco-Ontariens or Franco-Ontariennes if female, sometimes known as Ontarois and Ontaroises ) are Francophone Canadians that reside in the province of Ontario . Most are French Canadians from Ontario. In 2021, according to
5096-529: The area in 1910. They began purchasing shares of local mines, and bought Benny Hollinger's share from him. Around the same time, Scottish businessman Sandy McIntyre discovered the McIntyre Mine near Pearl Lake, four miles away. Hollinger Mines was incorporated later that year with five equal partners consisting of Noah and Henry Timmins; Duncan and John McMartin (also brothers); and Mattawa attorney David Dunlap . A popular founding myth of Timmins and
5200-480: The area two months after Wilson's team. According to Gilles's report, while he inspected D’Aigle’s abandoned work, Hollinger was looking at some nearby quartz when he peeled back a bit of moss, revealing a large vein of gold. I was cutting a discovery post and Benny was pulling some moss of rocks a few feet away when he suddenly let a roar out of him and threw his hat at me. At first, I thought he has gone crazy but when I came over to where he was, it wasn’t hard to see
5304-402: The definition of a francophone as a person whose mother tongue is French, or a person that has a different mother tongue but still uses French as the primary language at home. The term Ontarois is used sometimes to distinguish French-speaking Ontarians, while the general term for Ontarian in French is Ontarien . The use of the term Ontarois follows the convention that a francophone minority
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#17328694046465408-447: The dog in a fantasy sequence in a second-season episode of Married... with Children , a game show host in a third-season episode of Family Matters , and a mutant in the 1993 comedy film Freaked . He appeared in a recurring role as the character of Anglican priest Duncan Magee in the CBC Television sitcom Little Mosque on the Prairie . He voices Spiff in the animated children's series Iggy Arbuckle . He also voices Melvin,
5512-415: The early 1970s the Timmins synagogue was closed due to a decrease in the town's Jewish population. Some of the main tourist attractions within the city include: The Timmins Museum and National Exhibition Centre, Cedar Meadows Wilderness Tours, Mount Jamieson Resort (formerly known as Kamiskotia Snow Resort), Porcupine Ski Runners Cross-Country Trails and Chalet, Hollinger Golf Club, Spruce Needles Golf Club,
5616-422: The enlisted miners. In the 1950s, Mattagami 71, the reserve of the Mattagami First Nation was once again relocated, this time to its present day location, south of Mattagami Lake. By the mid 1960s, the majority of the original mines had depleted their gold content and mines began to close. Hollinger Mine was closed in 1968, having produced nearly 20 million troy ounces of gold. Twenty years later in 1988,
5720-535: The entirety of the province. However, the Ontario French Language Services Act requires all provincial ministries and agencies to provide French-language services within 26 designated municipalities and regions. An area is designated as a French service area if the francophone population is greater than 5,000 people or 10 percent of the community's total population. Due to the 5,000 population threshold, large cities that are actually overwhelmingly anglophone with only very small francophone populations proportional to
5824-410: The exception of a slight bump in 2011, the population has been consistently declining. Rail service to Timmins was discontinued in 1990, but is expected to return within the next decade. The last of the original three mines to close was the Dome Mine, which was closed in 2017, after 107 years of operation, and about 17 million troy ounces of gold produced. Timmins is near the northern periphery of
5928-532: The fifth season of The Red Green Show . McGrath had a recurring role on Kim's Convenience as Frank the handyman. McGrath was nominated two years in a row (1989 and 1990) for a Gemini Award for My Secret Identity . The first time was for Best Performance by a Lead Actor in a Continuing Dramatic Role, and the second time was for Best Writing in a Dramatic Series (shared with Michael O'Connell, father of My Secret Identity lead Jerry). Timmins Timmins ( / ˈ t ɪ m ɪ n s / TIM -ins )
6032-421: The fire, and the need to replace housing as well as serve newly arrived refugees from the Porcupine camp, Noah Timmins to began planning a townsite at the Timmins camp. The first lots went up for sale on September 4, 1911, ranging in price from $ 5 to $ 10 ($ 135-$ 265 in 2024) for residential lots, and from $ 75 to $ 1,000 ($ 2,000-$ 25,000 in 2024) for commercial lots. Migrants were attracted to the new lands for sale, and
6136-514: The foundation of the city, Jewish emigrants , mostly from Russia and Eastern Europe came to the town in order to work in the mines industry. In 1917 Rabbi Yaakov Schulman arrived in the city and was in charge of religious needs, such as kosher meat . In 1925 there were 200 Jews living in the city. In that year the Jewish community was officially established. The community was not isolated and maintained good relationships with non-Jews, especially emigrants from Russia and Eastern Europe, who spoke
6240-452: The government under Doug Ford , through Minister of Francophone Affairs , Caroline Mulroney , announced that Franco-Ontarians will be able to request a free replacement driver's licence or Ontario photo card displaying their name using French-language characters. The Université de Hearst , which teaches entirely in French and for decades operated as a federated college of Laurentian University using Laurentian's degree-granting authority,
6344-400: The growing mining camp "Timmins", after his uncle, Noah Timmins , who was then the President of Hollinger Mines. Two more settlements were founded by competing mines: The "Porcupine/Dome" camp was situated on Porcupine Lake, and owned by Dome Mines . "Schumacher" camp was situated on Pearl Lake, and owned by McIntyre Mines. Joe Torlone noted in his dissertation that Timmins was never truly
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#17328694046466448-406: The issuance of bilingual drivers licenses and government documents. A civil disobedience movement made up of Franco-Ontarian wanting to further accessibility rights for French-speakers emerged in 1975, known as C'est l'temps . Members of C'est l'temps refused to pay tickets issued in only in English, pressuring the provincial judiciary to act in a bilingual manner. As a result of the protest,
6552-586: The lack of funding, several generations of Franco-Ontarians grew up without formal education, with the dropout rate for francophones high during this period. Franco-Ontarians thus opted for jobs which did not require reading and mathematical skills, such as mining and forestry, and were virtually absent from white collar jobs. Sociologically, it meant that education was not a value transmitted to younger Franco-Ontarians. Further, those that did have higher levels of education often pursue job opportunities in larger cities, particularly Ottawa or even Montreal, which can create
6656-415: The late 17th and early 18th centuries, the military of New France established a number of fortifications and garrisons in the region, including Fort Frontenac (in present-day Kingston ) in 1673, and Fort Rouillé (in present-day Toronto ) in 1750. The development of Fort Pontchartrain in Detroit, led to the development of Petite Côte, a permanent settlement south of the Detroit River . The settlement
6760-431: The late 1960s and 1970s, because of the Quiet Revolution , Franco-Ontarians established themselves as a distinct cultural identity – having only identified as French Canadians before. Francophone rights were furthered in the 1970s as a result of C'est l'temps , a Franco-Ontarian civil disobedience movement that pressured several provincial departments to adopt bilingual policies. The provincial government passed
6864-399: The less than 2,000 total residents at the time. The miners were coveted by the Canadian Expeditionary Force for their ability to dig trenches, and experience with handling explosives. News of the war and letters from soldiers abroad were frequently published in the town's local newspaper, The Porcupine Advance (TPA). After receiving news of armistice , major celebrations were held all around
6968-430: The mayor of Maple Lake in the animated series Bob & Doug . He also provided the voice of Heathcliff's nemesis Spike in DIC 's Heathcliff and the Catillac Cats . He has also voiced various characters in Grossology , Pole Position , The Romance of Betty Boop , Intergalactic Thanksgiving , Bakugan Battle Brawlers , Super Why! , Wayside , Ruby Gloom , Toot and Puddle , Spliced , Jane and
7072-399: The morning, groups of boys and girls were out with their horns, whistles and tin pan bands. After the noon hour, the crowds began to gather in the main part of the town, one of the chief centres of interest being Marshall-Ecclestone’s window where an effigy of the Kaiser was displayed. The effigy was made by the Hollinger carpenter staff and was an unusually clever piece of workmanship. The form
7176-435: The municipality has not specifically passed its own bylaw governing its own provision of bilingual services. Ontario's Minister of Francophone Affairs, Madeleine Meilleur , became the province's first cabinet minister to attend a Francophonie summit in 2004, travelling to Ouagadougou with counterparts from Quebec, New Brunswick and the federal government. Meilleur also expressed the hope that Ontario would someday become
7280-422: The municipality. In 2008, the provincial government officially introduced a French licence plate , with the French slogan "Tant à découvrir" in place of "Yours to Discover", as an optional feature for drivers who wished to use it. In 2009, the government faced controversy during the H1N1 flu pandemic, when it sent out a health information flyer in English only, with no French version published or distributed for
7384-407: The post being unsupplied. Frederick House Post was functionally abandoned in 1812, when a man named Capascoos killed all 12 of the trading post's staff, as well as looted and damaged the building. Capascoos was never caught, and the building was never rebuilt. However, temporary log shelters were put in place nearby to facilitate fur trading until 1821, when the post was officially declared closed by
7488-546: The pressures toward assimilation into the English Canadian majority that the community faces. As a result, the complex political and sociological context of Franco-Ontarian can only be fully understood by recognizing both meanings and understanding the distinctions between the two. Franco-Ontarians constitute the largest French-speaking community in Canada outside Quebec. According to the province of Ontario, there are 650,000 Francophones in Ontario, making up 4.6 per cent of
7592-472: The province would recognize Franco-Ontarians rights to access provincial public service in the French language, and for French-speakers to receive the services of an interpreter, if needed, in Ontario's courts. However, plans to adopt these measures were abandoned after negotiations for the Victoria Charter collapsed. His successor, Bill Davis instead opted to simply provide legal services in French, with
7696-503: The province's francophone residents. In response, MPP France Gélinas introduced a private member's bill in May 2011 to have the provincial Commissioner of French Language Services report to the full Legislative Assembly of Ontario rather than exclusively to the Minister of Francophone Affairs. On April 26, 2010, the Ontario government designated September 25 as Franco-Ontarian Day. This date
7800-401: The province's population. However, the figure is derived from the province's "Inclusive Definition of Francophones" (IDF), which includes respondents from the 2021 Canadian Census who reported French as their mother tongue and respondents whose mother tongue was not French but have proficiency in the language and use it as their primary language at home. Before the introduction of IDF in 2009,
7904-725: The province, while 19.6 per cent originated from Quebec, and 16.4 per cent came from all other provinces or territories in Canada. However, the percentage of those born in the province varies between region, with 85.3 per cent of francophones in Northeastern Ontario being born in Ontario; whereas only 39.6 per cent of francophones in Central Ontario were born in the province. 4.5 per cent of francophones in Ontario were born outside Canada. 35 per cent of francophones born outside Canada were born in Africa, while 28 per cent were from Europe, 20 per cent from Asia, and 17 per cent from other countries in
8008-435: The provincial Minister of Education, mandated the requirement of English to be taught in francophone schools for two hours in the first four years of elementary school, and for four hours in its final four years. The late 19th century, and early 20th century saw the Ontario government much less supportive of, and often openly hostile toward the Franco-Ontarian community. In an attempt to protect Franco-Ontarian language rights,
8112-533: The provincial government established its French-language public educational broadcaster, TFO . Following the advice of the Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism, Ontario's premier John Robarts made French an official language of the provincial legislature in 1970. While the Victoria Charter was being negotiated between the provincial premiers and the federal government, Robarts agreed that
8216-557: The provincial judiciary in 1984. In 1986, the provincial French Language Services Act was passed by the Legislative Assembly of Ontario, where it recognized French as a "historic language in Ontario," an official language in its courts and in education, as well as the "desirable use" of French in its provincial institutions including the Legislature. However, the Act itself did not make the province bilingual, instead designating
8320-407: The reason. The quartz where he had pulled the moss off looked as though someone had dripped a candle along it, but instead of wax, it was gold we saw. Don’t let anyone ever tell you that the original Hollinger discovery left any doubts of its importance. When we pulled the moss three feet out of the ground and away the quartz stood out, about six-feet wide with splattered over it for about 60 feet along
8424-453: The same languages they did. Only in the 1930s were actual community institutions built, such as a synagogue and a school. Since 1928 the Jewish community has held an annual Purim ball. The ball was mixed: Jews and non-Jews, men and women. Part of the ball was a beauty pageant named malkat Ester . The Jewish population peaked around the 1950s, when it included around 160 families. In
8528-514: The season he had found a "dome" of quartz that contained large veins of gold stretching several hundred feet in length and 46 m (150 ft) in width. This section was later exploited and developed as the Dome Mine . Wilson advised Hollinger & Gillies that all the good sites in a 10 km (6.2 mi) radius had been claimed, so the duo went slightly further west. There they stumbled upon D'Aigle's abandoned test pits and tools. While Gilles
8632-541: The second definition but not by the first, since they were born to Franco-Ontarian parents but currently live outside Ontario and work primarily in English. Former Prime Minister Paul Martin was born in Windsor to a Franco-Ontarian father from Pembroke and an anglophone mother, although many Canadians consider him a Quebecer as he represented a Montreal riding in Parliament. Both meanings can be politically charged. Using
8736-580: The second half of the 19th century, farmers from Canada East / Quebec began to migrate in search of fertile land in Eastern Ontario, and along the Canadian Pacific Railway north of Lake Nipissing and Lake Huron . A large number of French Canadians were also drawn to Northern Ontario during this period, with the discovery of nickel in Sudbury , and gold in Timmins . In an attempt to alleviate anti-French sentiments, in 1885 George William Ross ,
8840-425: The second to the exclusion of the first may be considered offensive to some in that it excludes francophones born in or with ethnic origins from other francophone countries from the Franco-Ontarian community. Using the first to the exclusion of the second obscures the very real ethno-cultural distinctions that exist between Franco-Ontarians, Québécois, Acadians , Métis and other Canadian francophone communities, and
8944-523: The settlement; only 500 miners returned to work in July 1913. The strike won the men a nine-hour workday and a pay increase. In 1917, a dam was built at Kenogamissi Falls, downriver from Mattagami Lake, to provide power to Timmins and the surrounding area, Mattagami Lake was consequently flooded. A recruitment campaign for soldiers during the First World War was successful in enlisting around 600 men out of
9048-515: The size of the city, such as Toronto and Mississauga , are nevertheless still subject to the Act. Francophones who live in non-designated areas can also receive French language services by directly contacting the Office of Francophone Affairs in Toronto, or in the nearest designated community. The most recent addition to the list of designated areas is the city of Markham. It was named in June 2015, and after
9152-414: The surrounding area, but none of them had near the amount of gold which D'Aigle's team was seeking. They eventually abandoned their tools in the last pit they dug, approximately 8 km west of Porcupine Lake, and returned home. Two years later in 1909, a prospector duo consisting of Benny Hollinger and Alex Gillies arrived in the Porcupine region. They met up with another group, led by Jack Wilson. Earlier in
9256-477: The vein. D'Aigle had worked the property and cut many trails through the bush but by a queer quirk of luck, one of his trails from the test pit passes the richest part of the vein at a point where he could have easily reached out and touched it with his hand. Additionally, historians generally agree that expansion of the Temiskaming and Northern Ontario Railway, which connected Central Ontario to Northern Ontario ,
9360-485: The wake of the French Language Services Act and the Meech Lake Accord debate. This was considered by many observers to be a direct contributor to the resurgence of the Quebec sovereignty movement in the 1990s, and consequently to the 1995 Quebec referendum . On October 19, 2004, a Toronto lawyer successfully challenged a "no left turn" traffic ticket on the basis that the sign was not bilingual in accordance with
9464-426: Was 39.4 °C (103 °F) on July 12, 1936. The coldest temperature ever recorded was −45.6 °C (−50 °F) on February 1, 1962. In the 2021 Canadian census conducted by Statistics Canada , Timmins had a population of 41,145 living in 17,886 of its 19,390 total private dwellings, a change of -1.5% from its 2016 population of 41,788. With a land area of 2,955.33 km (1,141.06 sq mi), it had
9568-463: Was chartered as a fully independent university in 2021. The Ministry of Francophone Affairs is a department of the government of Ontario responsible for the provision of provincial services to the Franco-Ontarian community. Caroline Mulroney is the provincial cabinet minister responsible for the Francophone Affairs portfolio. The French language has been recognized as an official language of
9672-420: Was chosen as it represented the anniversary of the official raising of the Franco-Ontarian flag in 1975. On 22 February 2016, premier of Ontario Kathleen Wynne formally issued an apology on behalf of the government of Ontario to Franco-Ontarians for the passage of Regulation 17, and its harmful impact on its communities. The motion for the government to present an official apology to the Franco-Ontarian community
9776-597: Was entered even though no arguments were made by either side on the merits of the case. The situation created a legal vacuum for several years, during which numerous defendants used the bilingual signage argument to fight traffic tickets. The precedent was overturned by the Ontario Court of Appeal in a 2011 case, R. v. Petruzzo , on the grounds that the French Language Services Act specifically states that municipalities are not required to offer services in French, even in provincially regulated areas such as traffic signage, if
9880-548: Was feared that the ruling would have a similar effect as the Manitoba Language Rights ruling of the Supreme Court of Canada, in this case forcing municipalities to erect new bilingual road signs at great expense and invalidating millions of dollars in existing tickets before the courts. The City of Toronto appealed the ruling. At the appeal hearing both parties asked the court to enter a plea of guilty. A guilty verdict
9984-422: Was first presented by Glenn Thibeault . In 2015, MPP France Gélinas introduced a private member's bill to mandate the creation of a fully independent French-language university. Although her bill did not pass, the government of Kathleen Wynne announced the creation of a French-language university in 2017. In 2018, the provincial government of Doug Ford announced several government cutbacks that impacted
10088-567: Was hoisted at Montreal City Hall on November 23, and at the National Assembly of Quebec on December 1. Ford later cancelled funding for the new Francophone university, created by the previous government. However, in September 2019 the provincial and federal governments announced a new funding plan for the creation of the first French language university in the province. The province's first publicly-funded university that operates solely as
10192-457: Was inspecting the abandoned pits, Hollinger pulled a bit of moss from a nearby quartz outcropping and revealed a large vein of gold. Gillies later noted that he had found a boot print pressed into some moss covering the gold vein. This print was believed left by one of D'Aigle's team two years before. They had departed unaware of the large vein under their feet. Two Mattawa shopkeeper brothers, named Noah Timmins and Henry Timmins , arrived in
10296-425: Was instrumental in triggering the Porcupine Gold Rush because it made the area accessible. The Canadian Pacific Railway expansion to was also critical, as it enabled travellers from Toronto to go directly north instead of taking a time-consuming detour around Eastern Ontario . A company town was founded near modern-day Gillies Lake , to house Hollinger Mines employees. Mine manager Alphonse "Al" Paré named
10400-596: Was introduced, with French given legal status in Ontario's education system, and the bilingual University of Ottawa Normal School was officially recognized. The regulation formally remained in the statutes of Ontario until 1944, when the regulations were revised. Although the regulation itself was rescinded in 1927, the government did not fund French language high schools. As a result, francophones had to pursue high school education in English, pay tuition to private high schools (which few Franco-Ontarian families could afford), or simply stop attending school after Grade 9. Due to
10504-404: Was made of wood, the limbs and body being perfectly formed and the face and head well-shaped. It was more than life-size and very life-like. Dressed in long boots, brass helmet, iron crosses and shining sword, the wooden Kaiser was stuffed with oakum, ready for the flames. The Great Depression did not adversely affect the economy of the area, and jobs were available in mining and lumber. During
10608-465: Was part of the Pays d'en Haut region of New France . However, French settlement into the area remained limited until the 19th century. The late 19th century and early 20th century saw attempts by the provincial government to assimilate the Franco-Ontarian population into the anglophone majority with the introduction of regulations that promoted the use of English over French, for example Regulation 17 . During
10712-540: Was said to have been the first to notice gold as the Sun struck the quartz. As I was examining the seams in the quartz, about twelve feet ahead of me I saw a piece of yellow glisten as the sun struck it. It proved to be a very spectacular piece of gold in a thin sean of schist... when the boys came back we got out the drills and hammers, and that night had about 132 pounds of very spectacular specimens The only comparable mention of moss comes from Hollinger and Gilles, who arrived in
10816-567: Was the first permanent settlement in Ontario, and eventually became Windsor . However, European settlement into the region remained largely limited during this period. After the Treaty of Paris was negotiated in 1763, New France was ceded to the British. Present day Ontario was governed as a part of the Province of Quebec until 1791, when Ontario was severed from the colony, forming Upper Canada . In 1797,
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