The Dark Engine was a game engine developed by Looking Glass Studios and was used from 1998 to 2000, mainly in the early Thief games.
119-571: The Dark Engine's renderer, originally created by Sean Barrett in 1995, supports graphics similar to that of the original Quake , with Unreal -like skybox effects and colored lighting introduced in Thief II . Due to the limited hardware of the time, the Dark Engine was not designed with scalability in mind, and can therefore only display 1024 terrain polygons onscreen at once, as well as various other limits on objects and lights. In terms of textures,
238-399: A High Middle Ages palace. Some writers of the "realist" strain of modern Arthurian fiction have attempted a more sensible Camelot. Inspired by Alcock's Cadbury-Camelot excavation, some authors such as Marion Zimmer Bradley and Mary Stewart place their Camelots in that place and describe it accordingly. Camelot lends its name to the musical Camelot , which was adapted into a film of
357-545: A source port of the Quake engine to support hardware accelerated rendering on graphics cards using the Rendition Vérité chipset. Aside from the expected benefit of improved performance, VQuake offered numerous visual improvements over the original software-rendered Quake . It boasted full 16-bit color, bilinear filtering (reducing pixelation), improved dynamic lighting, optional anti-aliasing, and improved source code clarity, as
476-401: A "Ring of Regeneration". Conceived as a VGA full-color side-scrolling role-playing video game , The Fight for Justice was never released. The team briefly explored making the project in 1991 but abandoned the idea as the technology for it simply did not exist at the time. The project was only in development for about two weeks. A return to the Quake concept was raised by John Romero in
595-415: A December 1, 1994, post to an online bulletin board, John Romero wrote, "Okay, people. It seems that everyone is speculating on whether Quake is going to be a slow, RPG-style light-action game. Wrong! What does id do best and dominate at? Can you say "action"? I knew you could. Quake will be constant, hectic action throughout – probably more so than Doom". The team entered into an R&D phase while Carmack
714-416: A SPARC Solaris port later that year also by Taylor. An SVGAlib port for Linux was created by programmer Greg Alexander in 1997 using leaked source code but was later mainlined by id, unlike similar unofficial ports for OS/2 , Amiga , Java VMs , and Mac OS . The first commercially released port was for Mac OS, done by MacSoft and Lion Entertainment, Inc. (the latter company ceased to exist just prior to
833-494: A build-up of previously sent movement requests. John Carmack has admitted that this was a serious problem that should have been fixed before release, but it was not caught because he and other developers had high-speed Internet access at home. After months of private beta testing, QuakeWorld, written by John Carmack with help from John Cash and Christian Antkow, was released on December 13, 1996. The client portion followed on December 17. Official id Software development stopped with
952-619: A derivation from the British Iron Age and Romano-British place name Camulodunum , one of the first capitals of Roman Britain and which would have significance in Romano-British culture . Indeed, John Morris , the English historian who specialized in the study of the institutions of the Roman Empire and the history of Sub-Roman Britain , suggested in his book The Age of Arthur that as
1071-654: A dragon guarding the "temporal energy converter". The two new power-ups include the Anti Grav Belt, which allows the player to jump higher; and the Power Shield, which lowers the damage the player receives. Rather than offering new weapons, the mission pack gives the player four new types of ammo for existing weapons, such as "lava nails" for the Nailgun, cluster grenades for the Grenade Launcher, rockets that split into four in
1190-402: A first person shooter, as it would be faster and less risky. Romero opposed the change, but relented. The creative differences would ultimately lead to his departure from the company after completing Quake . Quake was programmed by John Carmack, Michael Abrash , and John Cash. The levels and scenarios were designed by American McGee , Sandy Petersen , John Romero, and Tim Willits , and
1309-529: A floating magic artefact named the Hellgate Cube which attacked his foes with lightning bolts. John Romero described fighting alongside Quake as the most fun they had playing D&D . The Silver Shadow Band did "contract work for Justice, an even more powerful group". The original campaign concluded in early 1992, after Romero's character made a deal with a demon, exchanging a book called the Demonomicron for
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#17328803393391428-475: A former Roman fort, is a likely location of King Arthur's Camelot and that " Slack , on the outskirts of Huddersfield in West Yorkshire ," is where Arthur would have held court. This is because of the name, and also regarding its strategic location: it is but a few miles from the extreme south-west of Hen Ogledd (also making close to North Wales ), and would have been a flagship point in staving off attacks to
1547-458: A game engine that was still in development presented difficulties for the designers. Around fifty levels were developed during the R&;D process, but engine changes meant that the team was frequently having to redo work. Much of this needed to be scrapped by the time the engine was completed in late 1995. The team was burned out from the process, and raised the idea of using the existing demo levels for
1666-602: A geometry export feature called "multibrush". System Shock 2 levels can be loaded by DromEd 2 with some work. The name of the level editor, DromEd, is a reference to the original project it was designed for — a game based on the Arthurian legend of Camelot — the Camel becoming Dromedary and thence Dromed. DromEd has been used by fans to create hundreds of fan missions for Thief and Thief II , and several missions for System Shock 2 . Quake (video game) Quake
1785-635: A horizontal line for the Rocket Launcher, and plasma cells for the Thunderbolt, as well as a grappling hook to help with moving around the levels. Tim Soete of GameSpot gave it a score of 7.7 out of 10. To celebrate Quake ' s 20th anniversary, a mission pack was developed by MachineGames and released on June 24, 2016. It features 10 new single-player levels and a new multiplayer level, but does not use new gameplay additions from Scourge of Armagon and Dissolution of Eternity . Chronologically, it
1904-566: A hostile force codenamed Quake, which commands a vast army of monsters. The player takes the role of a soldier (later dubbed Ranger), whose mission is to travel through the slipgates in order to find and destroy the source of the invasion. The game is split between futuristic military bases and medieval, gothic environments, featuring both science fiction and fantasy weaponry and enemies as the player battles possessed soldiers and demonic beasts such as ogres or armor-clad knights. Quake heavily takes inspiration from gothic fiction and in particular
2023-792: A lack of leadership, the majority of the team left the company after the game's release, including co-founder John Romero . An "enhanced" version of Quake was developed by Nightdive Studios and published by Bethesda Softworks and was released for Nintendo Switch , PlayStation 4 , Windows, and Xbox One consoles in August 2021, including the original game's first two expansions and two episodes developed by MachineGames . The PlayStation 5 and Xbox Series X/S versions were released in October 2021. In Quake 's single-player mode, players explore levels, facing monsters and finding secret areas before reaching an exit. Switches or keys open doors, and reaching
2142-499: A location where Arthur holds court in the later romances, Carlisle and London perhaps being the most prominent. In the 15th century, the English writer Thomas Malory created the image of Camelot most familiar today in his Le Morte d'Arthur , a work based mostly on the French romances. He firmly identifies Camelot with Winchester in England, an identification that remained popular over
2261-582: A magic sword called the Daikatana, which resulted in a demonic invasion that wiped out the Material Plane . A preview included with id Software's first release, 1990's Commander Keen , advertised a game entitled The Fight for Justice as a follow-up to the Commander Keen trilogy. It would feature a character named Quake, "the strongest, most dangerous person on the continent", armed with thunderbolts and
2380-441: A major Brittonic ruler and his war band from c. 470 . This early medieval settlement continued until around 580. The works were by far the largest known fortification of the period, double the size of comparative caers and with Mediterranean artefacts representing extensive trade and Saxon ones showing possible conquest. The use of the name Camelot and the support of Geoffrey Ashe helped ensure much publicity for
2499-401: A meeting in late 1994, when discussing the next engine and main project after the completion of Doom II . Newer members of the team, including American McGee and Sandy Petersen , had not been present for the original D&D campaign or game project, but were on board with the idea after it was explained to them, and the team was then in agreement about the broad direction of the title. In
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#17328803393392618-505: A more heavy metal themed look for his levels. This second texture set was used for the Vaults of Zin. Before gameplay could be worked on in earnest, Carmack would need to build the game engine which was a significant undertaking, and took much longer than anticipated. Carmack was not only developing a fully 3D engine, but also a TCP/IP networking model. Carmack later said that he should have done two separate projects which developed those things-
2737-528: A new soundtrack composed by Jeehun Hwang, and gameplay features not originally present in Quake , including rotating structures and breakable walls. Unlike the main Quake game and Mission Pack No. 2, Scourge does away with the episode hub, requiring the three episodes to be played sequentially. The three new enemies include Centroids, large cybernetic scorpions with nailguns; Gremlins, small goblins that can steal weapons and multiply by feeding on enemy corpses; and Spike Mines, floating orbs that detonate when near
2856-519: A northern city based on the real Carlisle. Malory's identification of Camelot as Winchester was probably partially inspired by the latter city's history: it had been the capital of Wessex under Alfred the Great , and boasted the Winchester Round Table , an artefact constructed in the 13th century but widely believed to be the original by Malory's time. Caxton rejected the association, saying Camelot
2975-486: A permanent fixture in modern interpretations of the Arthurian legend. The symbolism of Camelot so impressed Alfred, Lord Tennyson that he wrote up a prose sketch on the castle as one of his earliest attempts to treat the legend. Modern stories typically retain Camelot's lack of precise location and its status as a symbol of the Arthurian world, though they typically transform the castle itself into romantically lavish visions of
3094-518: A powerful symbol of Arthur's court and universe. There is also a Kamaalot featured as the home of Percival 's mother in the romance Perlesvaus . In Palamedes and some other works, including the Post-Vulgate cycle, King Arthur's Camelot is eventually razed to the ground by the treacherous King Mark of Cornwall (who had besieged it earlier) in his invasion of Logres after the Battle of Camlann. In
3213-424: A prototype titled Quake: Arcade Tournament Edition in the arcades in limited quantities. R-Comp Interactive published the game for RISC OS as Quake Resurrection in 1999, including the total conversion Malice and expansion Q!Zone , although community-made source ports such as ArcQuake were also available. An unreleased Game Boy Advance port of Quake was in development from Randy Linden in 2002, and
3332-405: A recurring theme of hellish and satanic imagery reminiscent of Doom (such as pentagrams and images of demons on the walls). The game's setting is inspired by dark fantasy influences, including H. P. Lovecraft 's Cthulhu Mythos . Dimensional Shamblers appear as enemies, the "Spawn" enemies are called "Formless Spawn of Tsathoggua " in the manual, the boss of the first episode is named Chthon,
3451-720: A score 8.6 out of 10. Quake Mission Pack No. 2: Dissolution of Eternity was the second official mission pack, released on March 19, 1997. Developed by Rogue Entertainment , it features two episodes divided into fifteen new single-player levels, a new multiplayer level, a new soundtrack, and several new enemies and bosses. Notably, the pack lacks secret levels. The eight new enemies include Electric Eels, Phantom Swordsmen, Multi-Grenade Ogres (which fire cluster grenades), Hell Spawn, Wraths (floating, robed undead), Guardians (resurrected ancient Egyptian warriors), Mummies, and statues of various enemies that can come to life. The four new types of bosses include Lava Men, Overlords, large Wraths, and
3570-671: A sequel, Team Fortress 2 , for which content continues to be developed. Camelot Camelot is a legendary castle and court associated with King Arthur . Absent in the early Arthurian material, Camelot first appeared in 12th-century French romances and, since the Lancelot-Grail cycle, eventually came to be described as the fantastic capital of Arthur's realm and a symbol of the Arthurian world. Medieval texts locate it somewhere in Great Britain and sometimes associate it with real cities, though more usually its precise location
3689-801: A server (which may be a dedicated machine or on one of the player's computers), where they can either play the single-player campaign together in co-op (cooperative) mode, or play against each other in multiplayer. When players die in multiplayer mode, they can immediately respawn , but will lose any items that were collected. Similarly, items that have been picked up previously respawn after some time, and may be picked up again. The most popular multiplayer modes are all forms of deathmatch . Deathmatch modes typically consist of either free-for-all (no organization or teams involved), one-on-one duels, or organized teamplay with two or more players per team (or clan ). Players frequently implement mods during teamplay. Monsters are not normally present in teamplay, as they get in
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3808-451: A standard feature of nearly all real-time online games. As with all other Quake upgrades, QuakeWorld was released as a free, unsupported add-on to the game and was updated numerous times through 1998. On January 22, 1997, id Software released GLQuake. This was designed to use the OpenGL 3D API to access hardware 3D graphics acceleration cards to rasterize the graphics, rather than having
3927-512: A total of 26 regular maps and four secret ones), as well as a hub level to select a difficulty setting and episode, and the game's final boss level. Each episode represents individual dimensions that the player can access through the Slipgate or magical portals (in the case of the latter three episodes) that are discovered over the course of the game. The various realms consist of a number of gothic , medieval , and lava-filled caves and dungeons, with
4046-540: A version of the non-OpenGL engine designed to run under Microsoft Windows ; the original Quake had been written for MS-DOS , allowing for launch from Windows 95 , but could not run under Windows NT -based operating systems because it needed direct access to hardware. WinQuake instead accessed hardware via Win32 -based APIs such as DirectSound , DirectInput , and DirectDraw that were supported on Windows 95, Windows NT 4.0 and later releases. Like GLQuake, WinQuake also allowed higher resolution video modes. This removed
4165-515: Is Ranger, who must advance, starting each of the four episodes from an overrun human military base, before fighting his way into other dimensions, reaching them via the Slipgate or their otherworld equivalent. After passing through the Slipgate, Ranger's main objective is to collect four magic runes from four dimensions of Quake ; these are the key to stopping the enemy and ending the invasion of Earth. The single-player campaign consists of 30 separate levels, or "maps", divided into four episodes (with
4284-478: Is a first-person shooter game developed by id Software and published by GT Interactive . The first game in the Quake series , it was originally released for MS-DOS , Microsoft Windows , and Linux in 1996, followed by Mac OS and Sega Saturn in 1997 and Nintendo 64 in 1998. The game's plot is centered around teleportation experiments, dubbed slipgates, which have resulted in an unforeseen invasion of Earth by
4403-533: Is a "low gravity" level that challenges the player's abilities in a different way). If the player's character dies, they must restart at the beginning of that level. The game may be saved at any time in the PC versions and between levels in the console versions. Upon completing an episode, the player is returned to the hub "START" level, where another episode can be chosen. Each episode starts the player from scratch, without any previously collected items. Episode one (which formed
4522-498: Is a story set in the Quake milieu and presented in the form of a slide show with voice acting. There are no multiplayer modes in the Saturn version. The Nintendo 64 version includes 25 single-player levels from the PC version, though it is missing The Grisly Grotto, The Installation, The Ebon Fortress, The Wind Tunnels, The Sewage System, and Hell's Atrium. It also does not use the hub map where
4641-490: Is not described: A un jor d'une Acenssion / Fu venuz de vers Carlion / Li rois Artus et tenu ot / Cort molt riche a Camaalot, / Si riche com au jor estut. King Arthur, one Ascension Day, had left Caerleon and held a most magnificent court at Camelot with all the splendour appropriate to the day. Nothing in Chrétien's poem suggests the level of importance Camelot would have in later romances. For Chrétien, Arthur's chief court
4760-739: Is not revealed. Most scholars regard it as being entirely fictional, its unspecified geography being perfect for chivalric romance writers. Nevertheless, arguments about the location of the "real Camelot" have occurred since the 15th century and continue today in popular works and for tourism purposes. The name's derivation is uncertain. It has numerous different spellings in medieval French Arthurian romances, including Camaalot , Camalot , Chamalot , Camehelot (sometimes read as Camchilot ), Camaaloth , Caamalot , Camahaloth , Camaelot , Kamaalot , Kamaaloth , Kaamalot , Kamahaloth , Kameloth , Kamaelot , Kamelot , Kaamelot , Cameloth , and Gamalaot . Arthurian scholar Ernst Brugger suggested that it
4879-603: Is probably based on his personal familiarity with the town and its Roman ruins ; it is less clear that Caerleon was associated with Arthur before Geoffrey. Several French romances ( Perlesvaus , the Didot Perceval attributed to Robert de Boron , and even the early romances of Chrétien such as Erec and Enide and Yvain, the Knight of the Lion ) have Arthur hold court at "Carduel in Wales",
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4998-446: Is rendered as Camaloduno . Arthur's court at Camelot is mentioned for the first time in Chrétien's poem Lancelot, the Knight of the Cart , dating to the 1170s, though it does not appear in all the manuscripts. In the C manuscript (Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale de France, fonds français 794, folio 27r), which might in fact contain the proper reading of Chretien's original text, instead of
5117-464: Is sent into a portal in order to stop an enemy code-named "Quake". The government had been experimenting with teleportation technology and developed a working prototype called a "Slipgate"; the mysterious Quake compromised the Slipgate by connecting it with its own teleportation system, using it to send death squads to the "Human" dimension in order to test the martial capabilities of humanity. The sole surviving protagonist in "Operation Counterstrike"
5236-531: Is set between the main game and the first two expansions. The fourth mission pack, Dimension of the Machine , was released as part of the enhanced version of Quake released on August 19, 2021. Quake can be heavily modified by altering the graphics, audio, or scripting in QuakeC , and has been the focus of many fan-created modifications, known as mods. The first mods were small gameplay fixes and patches initiated by
5355-517: The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle in 917. Even Colchester Museum argues strongly regarding the historical Arthur: "It would be impossible and inconceivable to link him to the Colchester area, or to Essex more generally," pointing out that the connection between the name Camulodunum and Colchester was unknown until the 18th century. Arthurian scholar Peter Field has suggested that another Camulodunum,
5474-634: The Mabinogion and perhaps first written in the 11th century, draws a dramatic picture of Arthur's hall and his many powerful warriors who go from there on great adventures, placing it in Celliwig , an uncertain locale in Cornwall . Although the court at Celliwig is the most prominent in remaining early Welsh manuscripts, the various versions of the Welsh Triads agree in giving Arthur multiple courts, one in each of
5593-534: The Tavola Ritonda , Camelot is abandoned and falls to ruin after the death of Arthur. From Geoffrey's grand description of Caerleon, Camelot gains its impressive architecture, its many churches and the chivalry and courtesy of its inhabitants. Geoffrey's description in turn drew on an already established tradition in Welsh oral tradition of the grandeur of Arthur's court. The tale Culhwch and Olwen , associated with
5712-459: The Quake soundtrack "is not music, it's textures and ambiences and whirling machine noises and stuff. We tried to make the most sinister, depressive, scary, frightening kind of thing... It's been fun." The game includes an homage to Reznor in the form of ammo boxes for the "Nailgun" and "Super Nailgun" decorated with the Nine Inch Nails logo. The idea to use Nine Inch Nails for the soundtrack
5831-551: The QuakeWorld update and software such as QuakeSpy making the process of finding and playing against others on the Internet easier and more reliable. Quake featured music composed by Trent Reznor and his band Nine Inch Nails . Quake is often cited as one of the best video games ever made. Despite its critical acclaim, Quake ' s development was controversial in the history of id Software. Due to creative differences and
5950-580: The Sega Saturn . Initially GT Interactive was to publish this version itself, but it later cancelled the release and the Saturn rights were picked up by Sega . Sega took the project away from the original development team, who had been encountering difficulties getting the port to run at a decent frame rate , and assigned it to Lobotomy Software . The Saturn port uses Lobotomy Software 3D engine, SlaveDriver (also used in PowerSlave and Duke Nukem 3D for
6069-659: The leaked Dreamcast source code. This unofficial patch extended the limits of the engine, introduced support for recent graphics and sound hardware, as well as better support for newer versions of Windows. DromEd is the level editor for the Dark Engine. It was originally used in the design of Thief: The Dark Project , but after a petition from the fan community it was released to the public, as were later versions. There are four different versions of DromEd: for Thief: The Dark Project , for Thief Gold , for Thief II , and lastly for System Shock 2 , commonly called "ShockEd." DromEd for Thief: The Dark Project and Thief Gold use
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#17328803393396188-514: The "Carduel" of the French romances. The Lancelot-Grail cycle and the texts it influenced depict the city of Camelot as standing along a river, downstream from Astolat . It is surrounded by plains and forests, and its magnificent cathedral, St. Stephen's , originally established by Josephus , the son of Joseph of Arimathea , is the religious centre for Arthur's Knights of the Round Table . There, Arthur and Guinevere are married and there are
6307-492: The 15th century, with its earlier name being Carmore or Carmure . Graham Phillips rejected the word "Camelot" entirely as just Chrétien's invention and instead proposed the old Roman city of Viroconium (near Shrewsbury in modern England) as Arthur's capital, citing archaeological evidence of a grand palace having been in use around 500 AD. Alistair Moffat identified Camelot with Roxburgh in Scotland. Camelot has become
6426-757: The Celtic kingdoms from the Angles and others. Other places in Britain with names related to "Camel" have also been suggested, such as Camelford in Cornwall, located down the River Camel from where Geoffrey places Camlann, the scene of Arthur's final battle. The area's connections with Camelot and Camlann are merely speculative. Further north, Camelon and its connections with Arthur's O'on have been mentioned in relation to Camelot, but Camelon may be an antiquarian neologism coined after
6545-512: The English county of Lancashire . The Camelot Group was the first operator of the UK National Lottery with lottery machines named after characters, places, and objects in Arthurian legend. In American contexts, Camelot era refers to the presidency of John F. Kennedy . In a 1963 Life interview, Jacqueline , his widow, referenced a line from the Lerner and Loewe musical to describe
6664-466: The Nine Inch Nails soundtrack due to space constraints. Quake Mobile runs the most recent version of GL Quake (Quake v.1.09 GL 1.00) at 800x600 resolution and 25 fps. The most recent version of Quake Mobile is v.1.20 which has stylus support. There was an earlier version v.1.19 which lacked stylus support. The two Quake expansion packs, Scourge of Armagon and Dissolution of Eternity , are also available for Quake Mobile . A Flash -based version of
6783-437: The October 1995 issue, and screenshots showed medieval environments and a dragon. Romero revealed in 2023 that the dragon model was never actually implemented, and had simply been placed in the sky for the screenshot. The plan was for the game to have more role-playing-style elements. An Aztec style texture set was developed for the project, but the set was not used due to artistic opposition from American McGee, who preferred
6902-476: The Romano-British town of Camulodunum (modern Colchester ) was derived from the Celtic god Camulus . However, it was located well within territory usually thought to have been conquered early in the 5th century by Saxons, so it is unlikely to have been the location of any "true" Camelot, as Arthur is traditionally dated to the late 5th and early 6th century. The town was definitely known as Colchester as early as
7021-635: The Samsung Nexus (for which it was to be an embedded game) and the LG VX360. Quake Mobile was reviewed by GameSpot on the Samsung Nexus and they cited its US release as October 2005; they also gave it a "Best Mobile Game" in their E3 2005 Editor's Choice Awards. It is unclear as to whether the game actually did ship with the Samsung Nexus. The game is only available for the DELL x50v and x51v, both of which are PDAs, not mobile phones. Quake Mobile does not feature
7140-592: The Saturn). It is the only version of Quake rated "T" for Teen instead of "M" for Mature. Quake was ported to the PlayStation by Lobotomy Software, but the company was not able to find a publisher for it. A port for the Atari Jaguar was reported as 30% complete in a May 1996 issue of Ultimate Future Games magazine, but it was never released. A port of Quake was planned for Panasonic M2 prior to cancellation of
7259-464: The Symbian S60 series of mobile phones and Android mobile phones. The Rockbox project also distributes a version of Quake that runs on some MP3 players. In 2005, id Software signed a deal with publisher Pulse Interactive to release a version of Quake for mobile phones. The game was engineered by Californian company Bear Naked Productions. Initially due to be released on only two mobile phones,
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#17328803393397378-465: The Welsh town. Most Arthurian romances of this period produced in English or Welsh did not follow this trend; Camelot was referred to infrequently, and usually in translations from French. One exception is Sir Gawain and the Green Knight , which locates Arthur's court at "Camelot"; however, in Britain, Arthur's court was generally located at Caerleon, or at Carlisle , which is usually identified with
7497-571: The air. Many of these non-realistic behaviors contribute to Quake ' s appeal. Multiplayer Quake was one of the first games singled out as a form of electronic sport . A notable participant was Dennis Fong , who won John Carmack 's Ferrari 328 at the Microsoft-sponsored Red Annihilation tournament in 1997. In the single-player game, the player takes the role of the protagonist, unnamed in Quake but referred to as Ranger in later games (voiced by Trent Reznor ), who
7616-585: The areas inhabited by the Celtic Britons : Cornwall, Wales and the Hen Ogledd . This perhaps reflects the influence of widespread oral traditions common by the 9th century which are recorded in various place names and features such as Arthur's Seat , indicating Arthur was a hero known and associated with many locations across Brittonic areas of Britain as well as Brittany . Even at this stage Arthur could not be tied to one location. Many other places are listed as
7735-533: The bread-and-butter Soldier class has medium armor, medium speed, and a well-rounded selection of weapons and grenades, while the Scout class is lightly armored, very fast, has a scanner that detects nearby enemies, but has very weak offensive weapons. One of the other differences with CTF is the fact that the flag is not returned automatically when a player drops it: running over one's flag in Threewave CTF would return
7854-567: The centuries, though it was rejected by Malory's own editor, William Caxton , who preferred a Welsh location. Arthurian scholar Norris J. Lacy commented that "Camelot, located no where in particular, can be anywhere." The romancers' versions of Camelot draw on earlier traditions of Arthur's fabulous court. The Celliwig of Culhwch and Olwen appears in the Welsh Triads as well; this early Welsh material places Wales' greatest leader outside its national boundaries. Geoffrey's description of Caerleon
7973-405: The client would send the request to move forward to the server, and the server would determine whether the client was actually able to move forward or if it ran into an obstacle, such as a wall or another player. The server would then respond to the client, and only then would the client display movement to the player. This was fine for play on a LAN, a high bandwidth, very low latency connection, but
8092-538: The code. Fans of the Thief and System Shock series subsequently petitioned the publisher to consider releasing the code. In late April 2010, a user on the Dreamcast Talk forum disassembled the contents of a Dreamcast development kit he had purchased. The contents of the kit included, among other things, items pertaining to ports of Thief 2 and System Shock 2 to that system. By December 2010, it had been discovered by
8211-582: The community, usually enhancements to weapons or gameplay with new enemies. Later mods were more ambitious and resulted in Quake fans creating versions of the game that were drastically different from id Software's original release. The first major Quake mod was Team Fortress . This mod consists of Capture the Flag gameplay with a class system for the players. Players choose a class, which creates various restrictions on weapons and armor types available to that player, and also grants special abilities. For example,
8330-413: The computer's CPU fill in every pixel . In addition to higher framerates for most players, GLQuake provided higher resolution modes and texture filtering . GLQuake also experimented with reflections, transparent water, and even rudimentary shadows. GLQuake came with a driver enabling the subset of OpenGL used by the game to function on the 3dfx Voodoo Graphics card, the only consumer-level card at
8449-507: The current owners of the Quake IP , released online a new expansion pack for free, called Episode 5: Dimension of the Past . Quake Mission Pack No. 1: Scourge of Armagon was the first official mission pack, released on March 5, 1997. Developed by Hipnotic Interactive , it features three episodes divided into seventeen new single-player levels (three of which are secret), a new multiplayer level,
8568-527: The damage taken by the player between the player and the attacking enemy; and the Wetsuit, which renders the player invulnerable to electricity and allows the player to stay underwater for a period of time. The storyline follows Armagon, a general of Quake's forces, planning to invade Earth via a portal known as the 'Rift'. Armagon resembles a giant gremlin with cybernetic legs and a combined rocket launcher / laser cannon for arms. Tim Soete of GameSpot gave it
8687-516: The descendants of Romanized Britons looked back to a golden age of peace and prosperity under Rome, the name "Camelot" of Arthurian legend may have referred to the capital of Britannia (Camulodunum) in Roman times. It is unclear, however, where Chrétien de Troyes would have encountered the name Camulodunum, or why he would render it as Camaalot , though Urban T. Holmes argued Chrétien could have had access to Book 2 of Pliny's Natural History , where it
8806-465: The enhanced version includes both mission packs, Scourge of Armagon and Dissolution of Eternity . It also includes two episodes created by MachineGames : the previously released Dimension of the Past and a new one called Dimension of the Machine . A port of Quake 64 was also included in its entirety via the newly implemented "Add-On" menu. Originally, there were two official expansion packs released for Quake . The expansion packs pick up where
8925-472: The exit takes the player to the next level. Before accessing an episode, there is a set of three pathways with easy, medium, and hard skill levels. The fourth skill level, "Nightmare", was described by the game manual to be "so bad that the entry is hidden, so people won't wander in by accident". Quake 's single-player campaign is organized into four individual episodes with seven to eight levels in each (including one secret level per episode, one of which
9044-402: The finds, but Alcock himself later grew embarrassed by the supposed Arthurian connection to the site. Following the arguments of David Dumville , Alcock felt the site was too late and too uncertain to be a tenable Camelot. Modern archaeologists follow him in rejecting the name, calling it instead Cadbury Castle hill fort. Despite this, Cadbury remains widely associated with Camelot. The name of
9163-500: The first game left off, include all of the same weapons, power-ups, monsters, and gothic atmosphere/architecture, and continue/finish the story of the first game and its protagonist. An unofficial third expansion pack, Abyss of Pandemonium , was developed by the Impel Development Team, published by Perfect Publishing, and released on April 14, 1998; an updated version, version 2.0, titled Abyss of Pandemonium – The Final Mission
9282-539: The flag to the base, and in TF the flag remains in the same spot for preconfigured time and it has to be defended on remote locations. This caused a shift in defensive tactics compared to Threewave CTF . Team Fortress maintained its standing as the most-played online Quake modification for many years. After the developers joined Valve , Team Fortress was ported to the GoldSrc engine as Team Fortress Classic . It later received
9401-465: The following years. With John Carmack as DM , the campaign featured a group of adventurers named the Silver Shadow Band. The group were named for the silver dragon on which they flew, and each represented one of the core stats of the game. Among them was a powerful character named Quake, representing strength, who fought with a magic hammer capable of destroying buildings. Quake was accompanied by
9520-414: The fully lit player, or face-first contact with a player regardless of the light level), prompting a direct attack. In 2009, a complete copy of the Dark Engine source code was discovered in the possession of an ex-Looking Glass Studios employee who was at the time continuing his work for Eidos Interactive . The code was a complete set of the engine's resources, and included the libraries needed to compile
9639-554: The game by Michael Rennie runs Quake at full speed in any Flash-enabled web browser. Based on the shareware version of the game, it includes only the first episode and is available for free on the web. At the launch of the 2021 QuakeCon@Home on August 19, 2021, Bethesda released an "enhanced" version of Quake for Microsoft Windows , Nintendo Switch , PlayStation 4 , PlayStation 5 , Xbox One , and Xbox Series X/S consoles, developed by Nightdive Studios . In addition to support for modern systems and improved rendering techniques,
9758-500: The game supports palletized PCX and TGA textures , in powers of two up to 256x256. Textures are grouped in "families" which share the same palette . There is a maximum of 216 textures and independent palettes, excluding 8 animated water textures. The engine does not natively support advanced game scripting, with AI and object behavior being controlled by "Object Script Module" (.OSM) files, which are DLLs that are loaded at runtime. As such, new modules can be written and plugged into
9877-494: The graphics were designed by Adrian Carmack , Kevin Cloud and Paul Steed . Cloud created the monster and player graphics using Alias . Initially, the game was designed so that when the player ran out of ammunition, the player character would hit enemies with a gun-butt . Shortly before release this was replaced with an axe . id Software released QTest on February 24, 1996, a technology demo limited to three multiplayer maps. There
9996-512: The improved performance finally allowed the use of gotos to be abandoned in favor of proper loop constructs. As the name implied, VQuake was a proprietary source port specifically for the Vérité; consumer 3D acceleration was in its infancy at the time, and there was no standard 3D API for the consumer market. After completing VQuake, John Carmack vowed to never write a proprietary port again, citing his frustration with Rendition's Speedy3D API. To improve
10115-653: The last barrier to widespread popularity of the game. On July 20, 2016, Axel Gneiting, an id Tech employee responsible for implementing the Vulkan rendering path to the id Tech 6 engine used in Doom (2016) , released a source port called vkQuake under the GPLv2 . Quake was ported to multiple platforms. The first port to be completed was the Linux port Quake 0.91 by id Software employee Dave D. Taylor using X11 on July 5, 1996, followed by
10234-500: The latency over a dial-up Internet connection is much larger than on a LAN, and this caused a noticeable delay between when a player tried to act and when that action was visible on the screen. This made gameplay much more difficult, especially since the unpredictable nature of the Internet made the amount of delay vary from moment to moment. Players would experience jerky, laggy motion that sometimes felt like ice skating, where they would slide around with seemingly no ability to stop, due to
10353-434: The level editor, DromEd, but are limited due to the scope of the functions made available by the core engine. In order to overcome this, editors must resort to complicated Rube Goldberg machine -like effects using a combination of its other systems. For its time, the Dark Engine offered advanced AI and sound features, as well as a powerful object-oriented object system. The designer has full control of sound propagation within
10472-459: The level, and the " artificial intelligence " of the non-player characters (NPCs) allows for three levels of awareness: vague acknowledgement caused by mild visual or auditive disturbances, which only prompts a startled bit of dialogue; definite acknowledgement caused by significant visual or auditive disturbances, which causes the NPC to enter "search mode", and definite acquisition (triggered by visual on
10591-507: The limited CPU power and ROM storage space for levels. For example, the levels were rebuilt in the Saturn version in order to simplify the architecture, thereby reducing demands on the CPU. The Saturn version omits the four secret levels from the original PC version of the game, replacing them with four exclusive secret levels: Purgatorium, Hell's Aerie, The Coliseum, and Watery Grave. It also contains an exclusive unlockable, "Dank & Scuz", which
10710-427: The main villain is named Shub-Niggurath and is explicitly stated to be an Old One , and the four episodes all have Lovecraftian names. Quake' s development was troubled, and the game went through several incarnations over the course of its development. In the early 1990s, the staff at id Software had a private Dungeons & Dragons game, which would go on to inspire a number of elements in their titles over
10829-529: The networking model first, used for a game which was otherwise in the Doom II engine, and then the 3D overhaul for a second title. The Quake engine popularized several major advances in the genre: polygonal models instead of prerendered sprites ; full 3D level design instead of a 2.5D map; prerendered lightmaps ; and allowing end users to partially program the game (in this case with QuakeC ), which popularized fan-created modifications (mods) . Working with
10948-518: The place name there is the Old French phrase con lui plot , meaning "as he pleased". The other manuscripts spell the name variously as Chamalot (MS A, f. f. 196r), Camehelot (MS E, f. 1r), Chamaalot (MS G, f. 34f), and Camalot (MS T, f. 41v); the name is missing, along with the rest of the passage containing it, in MS V (Vatican, Biblioteca Vaticana, Regina 1725). Camelot is mentioned only in passing and
11067-519: The player chooses a difficulty level and an episode; the difficulty level is chosen from a menu when starting the game, and all of the levels are played in sequential order. The Nintendo 64 version, while lacking the cooperative multiplayer mode, includes two player deathmatch. All six of the deathmatch maps from the PC version are in the Nintendo 64 port, as well as an exclusive deathmatch level, The Court of Death. In 1998, LBE Systems and Lazer-Tron released
11186-675: The player. The three new weapons include the Mjolnir, a large lightning emitting hammer; the Laser Cannon, which shoots bouncing bolts of energy; and the Proximity Mine Launcher, which fires grenades that attach to surfaces and detonate when an opponent comes near. The three new power-ups include the Horn of Conjuring, which summons an enemy to protect the player; the Empathy Shield, which halves
11305-413: The port's release, leading to MacSoft's involvement) in late August 1997. ClickBOOM announced a version for Amiga -computers in 1998. Finally in 1999, a retail version of the Linux port was distributed by Macmillan Digital Publishing USA in a bundle with the two existing add-ons as Quake: The Offering . Quake was also ported to home console systems. On December 2, 1997, the game was released for
11424-533: The project was low, and developers were under crunch from December 1995 through to release in June 1996. Romero has described the process as one of the hardest grinds of his career. He was the only member of the team to attend the office on launch day to upload the files. Quake ' s music and sound design was done by Trent Reznor and Nine Inch Nails , using ambient soundscapes and synthesized drones to create atmospheric tracks. In an interview, Reznor remarked that
11543-494: The project. McGee handled the delivery of the soundtrack from there on. A legal issue that rose late in development with the record company meant that the code to play the audio from the CD was among the final changes made before release. Some digital re-releases of the game lack the CD soundtrack that came with the original shareware release. The 2021 enhanced version includes the soundtrack. In late 1996, id Software released VQuake,
11662-467: The quality of online play, id Software released QuakeWorld in December 1996, a build of the Quake engine that featured significantly revamped network code including the addition of client-side prediction . The original Quake 's network code would not show the player the results of their actions until the server sent back a reply acknowledging them. For example, if the player attempted to move forward,
11781-482: The same title , featuring the Castle of Coca, Segovia as Camelot. An Arthurian television series Camelot was also named after the castle, as were some other works including the video game Camelot and the comic book series Camelot 3000 . French television series Kaamelott presents a humorous alternative version of the Arthurian legend; Camelot Theme Park is a now-abandoned Arthurian theme park resort located in
11900-472: The same version of the Dark Engine and therefore can open levels created for each game, although Thief Gold levels may refer to in-game objects that are not found in Thief . Thief II uses a revised version of the Dark Engine, and therefore it is difficult to open levels created for Thief with DromEd for Thief II . ShockEd is not compatible with any Dark Engine games aside from System Shock 2 . However, basic level geometry can be moved between editors using
12019-406: The shareware or downloadable demo version of Quake ) has the most traditional layout with a boss in the last level. The ultimate objective at the end of each episode is to recover a magic rune. After all of the runes are collected, the floor of the hub level opens up to reveal an entrance to the "END" level which contains a final puzzle. In multiplayer mode, players on several computers connect to
12138-478: The system. On March 24, 1998, the game was released for the Nintendo 64 by Midway Games . This version was developed by the same programming team that worked on Doom 64 , at id Software's request. The Nintendo 64 version was originally slated to be released in 1997, but Midway delayed it until March 1998 to give the team time to implement the deathmatch modes. Both console ports required compromises because of
12257-582: The test release of QuakeWorld 2.33 on December 21, 1998. The last official stable release was 2.30. QuakeWorld has been described by IGN as the first popular first-person shooter meant to be played online . With the help of client-side prediction , which allowed players to see their own movement immediately without waiting for a response from the server, QuakeWorld's network code allowed players with high-latency connections to control their character's movement almost as precisely as when playing in single-player mode. The Netcode parameters could be adjusted by
12376-476: The time capable of running GLQuake well. Previously, John Carmack had experimented with a version of Quake specifically written for the Rendition Vérité chip used in the Creative Labs PCI 3D Blaster card. This version had met with only limited success, and Carmack decided to write for generic APIs in the future rather than tailoring for specific hardware. On March 11, 1997, id Software released WinQuake,
12495-570: The tombs of many kings and knights. In a mighty castle stands the Round Table , created by Merlin and Uther Pendragon ; it is here that Galahad conquers the Siege Perilous , and where the knights see a vision of the Holy Grail and swear to find it. Jousts are often held in a meadow outside the city. Its imprecise geography serves the romances well, as Camelot becomes less a literal place than
12614-417: The user and subsequently the greater Looking Glass Studios fan community that a compact disc included with the kit - the contents of which had been uploaded to the Internet - included a second copy of the Dark Engine source, minus the libraries needed to compile the code. In September 2012, a significant unofficial update to the Dark Engine was published anonymously in a French forum, most probably based on
12733-420: The user so that QuakeWorld performed well for users with high and low latency. The trade off to client-side prediction was that sometimes other players or objects would no longer be quite where they had appeared to be, or, in extreme cases, that the player would be pulled back to a previous position when the client received a late reply from the server which overrode movement the client had already previewed; this
12852-420: The villages of Queen Camel and West Camel , and remained popular enough to help inspire a large-scale archaeological dig in the 20th century. These excavations, led by archaeologist Leslie Alcock from 1966 to 1970, were titled "Cadbury-Camelot" and won much media attention. The dig revealed that the site seems to have been occupied as early as the 4th millennium BC and to have been refortified and occupied by
12971-464: The way and reveal the positions of the players. The gameplay in Quake was considered unique for its time because of the different ways the player can maneuver through the game. Bunny hopping or strafe jumping allow faster movement, while rocket jumping enables the player to reach otherwise-inaccessible areas at the cost of some self-damage. The player can start and stop moving suddenly, jump unnaturally high, and change direction while moving through
13090-630: The works of H. P. Lovecraft . The game went through many revisions during development, and had originally been inspired by a Dungeons & Dragons campaign held among id Software staff. The successor to id Software's Doom series , Quake built upon the technology and gameplay of its predecessor. Unlike the Doom engine before it, the Quake engine offered full real-time 3D rendering and had early support for 3D acceleration through OpenGL . After Doom helped popularize multiplayer deathmatches , Quake added various multiplayer options. Online multiplayer became increasingly common, with
13209-604: Was a corruption of the site of Arthur's final battle, the Battle of Camlann , in Welsh tradition. Roger Sherman Loomis believed it was derived from Cavalon , a place name that he suggested was a corruption of Avalon (under the influence of the Breton place name Cavallon ). He further suggested that Cavalon became Arthur's capital due to confusion with Arthur's other traditional court at Caerleon ( Caer Lleon in Welsh). Others have suggested
13328-711: Was in Caerleon in Wales ; this was the king's primary base in Geoffrey of Monmouth 's Historia Regum Britanniae and subsequent literature. Chrétien depicts Arthur, like a typical medieval monarch, holding court at a number of cities and castles. It is not until the 13th-century French prose romances, including the Vulgate and Post-Vulgate cycles, that Camelot began to supersede Caerleon, and even then, many descriptive details applied to Camelot derive from Geoffrey's earlier grand depiction of
13447-511: Was in Wales and that its ruins could still be seen; this is a likely reference to the Roman ruins at Caerwent . In 1542, John Leland reported that the locals around Cadbury Castle (formerly known as Camalet) in Somerset considered it to be the original Camelot. This theory, which was repeated by later antiquaries, is bolstered, or may have derived from, Cadbury's proximity to the River Cam and
13566-442: Was known as "warping". As a result, some serious players, particularly in the U.S., still preferred to play online using the original Quake engine (commonly called NetQuake) rather than QuakeWorld. However, the majority of players, especially those on dial-up connections, preferred the newer network model, and QuakeWorld soon became the dominant form of online play. Following the success of QuakeWorld, client-side prediction has become
13685-404: Was no single-player support and some of the gameplay and graphics were unfinished or different from their final versions. QTest gave gamers their first peek into the filesystem and modifiability of the Quake engine, and many entity mods (that placed monsters in the otherwise empty multiplayer maps) and custom player skins began appearing online before the full game was even released. Morale on
13804-549: Was pitched to id Software in that year. The port was rejected by the company, and Linden's work would remain unused until prototypes of his work were dumped in June 2022. Two homebrew ports of Quake for the Nintendo DS exist, QuakeDS and CQuake . Both run well; however, multiplayer does not work on QuakeDS . Since the source code for Quake was released, a number of unofficial ports have been made available for PDAs and mobile phones, such as PocketQuake, as well as versions for
13923-404: Was raised by American McGee, who had been listening to their album The Downward Spiral during his work on the game. Romero was initially skeptical as he had envisioned a more ambient tone, but was open to the idea of the band composing with that tone in mind. id approached the band's agents, and the group had agreed to do the soundtrack by the following day as they were Doom fans and excited by
14042-437: Was released as freeware . An authorized expansion pack, Q!ZONE was developed and published by WizardWorks , and released in 1996. An authorized level editor, Deathmatch Maker was developed by Virtus Corporation and published by Macmillan Digital Publishing in 1997. It contained an exclusive Virtus' Episode. In honor of Quake ' s 20th anniversary, MachineGames , an internal development studio of ZeniMax Media , who are
14161-408: Was working on the engine. By 1995, the outline for the game included a medieval setting, hand-to-hand combat, thrown weapons, an area of effect attack with the hammer, and feeding souls to the Hellgate Cube. Some early information on Quake was released publicly, focusing on a Thor -like character who wields a giant hammer. A close up of Quake holding his hammer was on the cover of PC Gamer for
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