The House of Dönhoff (Polish: Denhoff , sometimes also Doenhoff ) was an old and influential German noble family , which later also became part of the Polish nobility .
20-729: It was first mentioned in 1282, in the County of Mark in Westphalia . Their original seat was Dönhof near Witten which remained in the family until 1463. From 1303 until the 16th century a property called Dönhoff near Wetter (Ruhr) was also owned by the family. Younger sons of the family served as knights of the Teutonic Order and acquired property in the Baltic State of the Teutonic Order : In 1410 Godecke von Dönhoff (d. before 1444) owned
40-571: A reference to the county and often to their founders. Originally belonging to a collateral line of the counts of Berg at Altena, the territory emerged under the name of Berg-Altena in 1160. About 1198 Count Frederick I purchased the Mark Oberhof , a parish land ( Feldmark ) on the territory of the Edelherren of Rüdenberg, liensmen of the Cologne archbishop Philip von Heinsberg . Here Frederick had
60-662: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . County of Mark The County of Mark ( German : Grafschaft Mark , French : Comté de La Marck colloquially known as Die Mark ) was a county and state of the Holy Roman Empire in the Lower Rhenish–Westphalian Circle . It lay south of Lippe river on both sides of the Ruhr river along the Volme and Lenne rivers. The Counts de la Mark were among
80-641: The Treaties of Tilsit . In 1808 Napoleon then gave Mark to the elevated Grand Duchy of Berg , which was divided into four departments along the lines of Napoleonic France. Mark was in the Ruhr Department until the collapse of French power in 1813, when it returned to Prussia. The Prussian administrative reform of 30 April 1815 placed Mark within Regierungsbezirk Arnsberg, Province of Westphalia . The Hohenzollern Prussian sovereigns remained Counts of
100-796: The Werl-Unna Börde , Soest Börde and Geseke Börde . In the west the loess soils of the Hellweg Börde continue into the Westenhellweg region. By the Stone Age (around 4,000 B.C.) grain was already being cultivated here on the fertile, calcareous land. The oldest trace of a neolithic culture was the discovery of pottery from the La Hoguette Culture dating to the middle of the 6th millennium B.C. Hellwegbörde article on German Misplaced Pages This North Rhine-Westphalia location article
120-648: The "Prussian County of the Mark" until 1918. The "County of the Mark" has no official meaning anymore, but is used to informally refer to the region in North Rhine-Westphalia . The House of La Marck is a cadet branch of Berg dynasty. Another surviving line of the House of Berg (more senior but less prominent in European History) became counts of Isenberg , then count of Limburg and Limburg Styrum . To France by
140-517: The 1220s. The county was bordered by Vest Recklinghausen , the County of Dortmund , the Bishopric of Münster , the County of Limburg, Werden Abbey , and Essen Abbey . The coat of arms of the county was " Or a fess chequy Gules and Argent of three" . These arms have been used by the city of Hamm since 1226. Many other places in the area include the red and white checkered fess in their arms as
160-572: The 14th century in wars against the Prince-Bishopric of Münster . In 1332 Count Adolph II married Margarete, the daughter of Count Dietrich VIII of Cleves . Adolph's younger son Adolph III upon the death of Dietrich's brother Count John acquired the County of Cleves on the western banks of the Rhine in 1368. In 1391 Adolph III also inherited the Mark from his elder brother Engelbert III and united both counties as "Cleves-Mark" in 1394. In 1509
180-423: The 1807 Treaty of Tilsit , incorporated into Grand Duchy of Berg Circles est. 1500: Bavarian , Swabian , Upper Rhenish , Lower Rhenish–Westphalian , Franconian , (Lower) Saxon 51°40′25″N 7°48′57″E / 51.67361°N 7.81583°E / 51.67361; 7.81583 Hellweg B%C3%B6rde The Hellweg Börde (German: Hellwegbörde ) is a börde landscape and natural region on
200-567: The Cologne archbishop Siegfried II of Westerburg , titular Duke of Westphalia . As Brabant and its allies were victorious, the County of Mark gained supremacy in southern Westphalia and became independent of the Archbishopric of Cologne . The territory of Mark was for long restricted to the lands between the Ruhr and Lippe rivers ("Lower Mark"). New territories in the north ("Higher Mark") were gained during
220-466: The Mark Castle ( Burg Mark ) erected as the residence of the new "Counts of the Mark". The nearby town of Hamm was founded by his son Adolf I, Count of the Mark in 1226, it soon became most important settlement of the county and was often used as residence. In the 1288 Battle of Worringen , Count Eberhard II fought on the side of Duke John I of Brabant and Count Adolph V of Berg against his liege,
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#1732873106760240-455: The districts Kreis Unna , Soest and Ennepetal The County of the Mark enclosed an area of approximately 3,000 km and extended between the Lippe and Aggers rivers (north-south) and between Gelsenkirchen and Bad Sassendorf (west-east) for about 75 km. The east–west flowing Ruhr separated the county into two different regions: the northern, fertile lowlands of Hellweg Börde ; and
260-897: The estate of Allo in Estonia , in 1478 Hermann von Dönhof was granted land in Livonia . In the 16th century, a branch became recognized as szlachta (Polish nobility) in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth . After the secularization of the State of the Teutonic Order during the Protestant Reformation in 1525, the East Prussian branch served the House of Hohenzollern in its newly acquired Duchy of Prussia . This branch owned Friedrichstein Palace from 1666 until 1945. In 1633 all branches of
280-509: The family were created imperial counts . In 1637 one of the Polish Denhoff branches was granted the title of Imperial Prince , which was later extinguished. This article about a member of the German nobility is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This biography of a Polish noble is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This surname -related article
300-590: The heir to the throne of Cleves-Mark John III the Peaceful married Maria , the daughter of Duke William IV of Berg and Jülich . In 1511 he succeeded his father-in-law in Jülich-Berg and in 1521 his father in Cleves-Mark, resulting in the rule of almost all territories in present North Rhine-Westphalia in personal union , except for the ecclesiastical states. The dynasty of Jülich-Cleves-Berg became extinct in 1609, when
320-546: The insane last duke John William had died. A long dispute about the succession followed, before the territory of Mark together with Cleves and Ravensberg was granted to the Brandenburg Elector John Sigismund of Hohenzollern by the 1614 Treaty of Xanten (generally accepted in 1666). It then became part of the Kingdom of Prussia after 1701. In 1807 the County of the Mark passed from Prussia to France in
340-466: The most powerful and influential Westphalian lords in the Holy Roman Empire. The name Mark derived from a small village Mark and the nearby Castle Mark, the latter was build between 1190 an 1202, both today incorporated in the unitary authority Hamm , founded in 1226 by the first Count, Adolph de la Mark. His father used the older title Altena or Berg-Altena. The name of the county is recalled to
360-431: The present-day Märkischer Kreis district in lands south of the Ruhr in North Rhine-Westphalia , Germany, in 1975 when the districts were rearranged and the former district Altena was merged with former parts of neighbouring districts. The district Märkischer Kreis is only the southern part of the former county, the county is now divided between Märkischer Kreis, parts of Cities Bochum , Dortmund , Hagen , Hamm and
380-526: The southern edge of the Westphalian Lowland in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia , which embraces the old Hellweg trading route cities and towns of Dortmund , Unna , Werl and Soest extending to Salzkotten and from there in an ever narrower strip to its northeastern tip at Schlangen on the edge of the town of Bad Lippspringe . It is characterised by its heavy deposits of post ice age loess soils . The region can be further divided into
400-717: The southern hills of the Süder Uplands ( Sauerland ). In the south–north direction the southern part of the county was crossed by the Lenne. In the region of the Lower Lenne was the County of Limburg (1243–1808), a fiefdom of Berg . The seat of the Counts of the Mark von de Marck or de la Marck was originally the Burg Altena in the Sauerland region, but moved to Burg Mark near Hamm in
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