53-609: Currawong Bush Park is a nature park located in the outer eastern Melbourne suburbs of Doncaster East , Warrandyte and Donvale , along Mullum Creek . It covers 59 hectares of remnant bushland and contains archaeological sites significant to the traditional owners of the area, the Wurundjeri people of the Kulin nation. An archaeological survey of Aboriginal sites within the City of Manningham by Isabel Ellender in 1991, discovered evidence of
106-514: A "framework of sticks set upon posts". A popular folk etymology of the word says that the term is derived from the French barbe à queue ("from beard to tail") signifying a whole animal being roasted on a spit, but this origin for the word is not supported by academic etymology. The term itself has two spellings in English: "barbecue" and "barbeque". While in most countries the spelling "barbecue"
159-547: A Barbaqued." Samuel Johnson 's 1755 dictionary gave the following definitions: While the standard modern English spelling of the word is barbecue , variations including barbeque and truncations such as bar-b-q or BBQ may also be found. The spelling barbeque is given in Merriam-Webster as a variant, whereas the Oxford Dictionaries explain that it is a misspelling which is not accepted in standard English and
212-481: A childcare centre, kindergarten, library, indoor sporting facilities, various playgrounds, retirement villages, medical centres, a small community hall, and Donvale Rehabilitation Centre. Many people are active members of certain clubs or facilities in Doncaster East. Popular activities include Hockey, Cricket, Scouts, Athletics, Football ( AFL ), Soccer, Lawn Bowls, Walking, Bike Riding and Dog Walking. The waters of
265-455: A custom quintessential to an underlying savagery [...] that everywhere contains within it a potential for cannibalistic violence". Today, people in the US associate barbecue with "classic Americana". In American English usage, grilling refers to a fast process over high heat while barbecuing usually refers to a slow process using indirect heat or hot smoke, similar to some forms of roasting . In
318-458: A grill consisting of a wooden framework resting on sticks above a fire. This framework was also used to store food above ground and for sleeping. The flames and smoke rose and enveloped the meat, giving it a certain flavor. Spaniards called the framework a barbacoa. Another form of barbacoa involves digging a hole in the ground, burning logs in it and placing stones in it to absorb and retain heat. Large cuts of meat, often wrapped in leaves, often
371-435: A hunt, solidifying the braais' importance to tradition. Modernity has expanded grilling to the use of gas grills, but steel grill grates and campfires are often used. The use of a gas grill is frowned upon and the use of charcoal is accepted, but wood is seen as the best method to cook the meat. It is expected that people attending a braai bring snacks, drinks, and other meat to eat until the main meal has finished cooking on
424-501: A newly subdivided small housing estate and a large area surrounding the Cherry Hill Tavern, which is proposed for a reception centre. There are several vacant blocks of land in the suburb, many surrounding The Pines Shopping Centre. The suburb contains many fitness and community recreational opportunities, such as an athletics track, three Australian rules football/cricket ovals, soccer grounds, small to medium commercial services,
477-588: A number of Chinese restaurants, notable in quality and quantity for being outside Chinatown in Little Bourke Street . The suburb contains many diverse places of worship servicing the Anglican, Baptist, Catholic, Gospel, Islamic and Uniting faiths. Public transport in the City of Manningham consists of regular bus services that cover most of the suburb. Plans for a railway line to Doncaster East were scrapped by
530-574: A population of 30,926 at the 2021 census . It is located in the hills between the Koonung Creek and the Mullum Mullum Creek . The suburb, which is situated on 11.4km of land, Doncaster East occupies a larger area than Doncaster, that they split from. Doncaster East is shaped like a reverse L, with the north-south part connecting with the Yarra River . The area was originally occupied by
583-487: A typical US home grill, food is cooked on a grate directly over hot charcoal, while in a US barbecue the coals are dispersed to the sides or at a significant distance from the grate. In British usage, barbequeing refers to a fast cooking process done directly over high heat, while grilling refers to cooking under a source of direct, moderate-to-high heat—known in the United States as broiling. Its South American versions are
SECTION 10
#1733085350626636-479: A vinegar-based sauce, the center of the state uses Lexington-style barbecue , with a combination of ketchup and vinegar as its base, and western North Carolina uses a heavier ketchup base. Memphis barbecue is best known for tomato- and vinegar-based sauces. In some Memphis establishments and in Kentucky, meat is rubbed with dry seasoning ( dry rubs ) and smoked over hickory wood without sauce. The finished barbecue
689-501: A whole goat or lamb , are placed above a pot so the juices can be used to make a broth. It is then covered with maguey leaves and coal, and set alight. The cooking process takes a few hours. Olaudah Equiano , an African abolitionist, described this method of roasting alligators among the "Mosquito people" ( Miskito people ) on his journeys to Cabo Gracias a Dios on the Mosquito Coast, in his narrative The Interesting Narrative of
742-502: Is a form of cooking that involves a dry heat applied to the food, either from above or below. Grilling is an effective technique in order to cook meat or vegetables quickly since it involves a significant amount of direct, radiant heat. Outside of the US, this is the most common technique when cooking classic barbecue foods, although some variants of grilling require direct, but moderate heat. The words "barbecue" and "grilling" are often used interchangeably, although some argue that barbecue
795-412: Is a type of grilling, and that grilling involves the use of a higher level of heat to sear the food, while barbecuing is a slower process over a low heat. In practice, the lines blur because it is hard to define what is low temperature and what is high temperature and because many champion barbecue cooks now cook meats such as beef brisket at higher temperatures than was traditional. The term barbecue
848-484: Is because of the temperature difference; at low temperatures used for smoking, meat takes several hours to reach the desired internal temperature . Smoking is the process of flavoring, cooking, and/or preserving food by exposing it to smoke from burning or smoldering material, most often wood. Meat and fish are the most common smoked foods, though cheeses, vegetables, nuts, and ingredients used to make beverages such as beer or smoked beer are also smoked. Grilling
901-538: Is best avoided. In the Southeastern United States , the word barbecue is used predominantly as a noun referring to roast pork, while in the Southwestern states cuts of beef are often cooked. Because the word barbecue came from native groups, Europeans gave it "savage connotations". This association with barbarians and "savages" is strengthened by Edmund Hickeringill 's work Jamaica Viewed: with All
954-557: Is heated by roasting or smoking over wood or charcoal . These methods of barbecue involve cooking using smoke at low temperatures and long cooking times, for several hours. Elsewhere, barbecuing more commonly refers to the more direct application of heat, grilling of food over hot coals or a gas fire. This technique is usually done over direct, dry heat or a hot fire for a few minutes. Within these broader categorizations are further national and regional differences. The English word barbecue and its cognates in other languages come from
1007-533: Is often served as a side dish. Barbecuing encompasses multiple types of cooking techniques. The original technique is cooking using smoke at low temperatures—usually around 116–138 °C (240–280 °F)—and significantly longer cooking times (several hours), known as smoking. Grilling is done over direct, dry heat, usually over a hot fire over 260 °C (500 °F) for a few minutes. Grilling and smoking are done with wood, charcoal, gas, electricity, or pellets . The time difference between smoking and grilling
1060-409: Is then served with barbecue sauce on the side. In South Africa, braais are informal gatherings of people who convene around an open fire for any occasion and at any location with a grill. They are linked to the consistent warm weather of South Africa that leads to much communal, outdoor activity. The act of convening around a grill is reminiscent of past generations gathering around open fires after
1113-455: Is today. In 1985 it was the first Australian Club to have a synthetic turf. The club has had 6 Olympians at Doncaster, Chris Ciriello, Russell Ford, Andrew Smith, Lachlan and James Elmerand Joshua Simmonds . http://doncasterhockeyclub.com.au/about-us/club-history/ Doncaster Rovers Soccer Club (not to be confused with the English club of the same name ) are based in Doncaster East. Founded in 1967,
SECTION 20
#17330853506261166-733: Is used, the spelling "barbeque" is occasionally used in Australia , New Zealand , and the US. Spanish explorer Gonzalo Fernández De Oviedo y Valdés was the first to use the word barbecoa in print in Spain in 1526 in the Diccionario de la Lengua Española (2nd Edition) of the Real Academia Española . After Columbus landed in the Americas in 1492, the Spaniards apparently found Taíno roasting meat over
1219-534: The Cain Labor Government and as a result local residents rely heavily on the use of cars. The suburb is serviced primarily by the Eastern Freeway to the south and Reynolds Road in the north. Through traffic consists primarily of cars and buses traveling to neighbouring Warrandyte and Donvale through the use of Heidelberg – Warrandyte Road, Reynolds Road and Tindals Road (Old Warrandyte Road) Within
1272-602: The Spanish word barbacoa , which has its origin in an indigenous American word. Etymologists believe this to be derived from barabicu found in the language of the Arawak people of the Caribbean and the Timucua people of Florida ; it has entered some European languages in the form of barbacoa . The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) traces the word to Hispaniola and translates it as
1325-506: The Wurundjeri , Indigenous Australians of the Kulin nation , who spoke variations of the Woiwurrung language group. After European settlement, the area was used for agriculture, predominantly orchards . A small settlement known as Waldau Village was established in the 1860s by predominantly German migrants. Those settlers planted the large swathes of pine trees to serve as windbreaks to protect
1378-562: The Eastern Cricket Association Dunstan Shield (Turf). ^ = territory divided with another LGA Barbecue Barbecue or barbeque (often shortened to BBQ worldwide; barbie or barby in Australia and New Zealand) is a term used with significant regional and national variations to describe various cooking methods that employ live fire and smoke to cook the food. The term is also generally applied to
1431-467: The Eastern Freeway to Ringwood and then south to join with the Monash and Mornington Peninsula Freeways, was completed and opened in 2008. It enables residents of Doncaster East increased ease of travel when travelling through Melbourne's eastern and south-eastern suburbs. Certain areas of land are currently awaiting development, including the former Box Hill Institute of TAFE's East Doncaster campus, now
1484-644: The Life of Olaudah Equiano . Linguists have suggested the word was loaned successively into Spanish , then Portuguese , French , and English . In the form barbacado , the word was used in English in 1648 by the supposed Beauchamp Plantagenet in the tract A description of the province of New Albion : "the Indians in stead of salt doe barbecado or dry and smoak fish". According to the Oxford English Dictionary ,
1537-512: The Mullum Mullum Creek are too shallow for swimming in the summer months, however, this does not stop exploration or walks on the paths around the creek. The Doncaster Hockey Club was established in October 1974. The council first allowed them to start the club at Timber Ridge Reserve. It was later moved to George Street before being allowed to establish a home at Mullum Mullum Reserve where it
1590-616: The Ports, Harbours, and their Several Soundings, Towns, and Settlements through its descriptions of cannibalism . However, according to Andrew Warnes, there is very little proof that Hickeringill's tale of cannibalism in the Caribbean is even remotely true. Another notable false depiction of cannibalistic barbecues appears in Theodor de Bry 's Great Voyages , which in Warnes's eyes, "present smoke cookery as
1643-505: The World , Dampier wrote, "and lay there all night, upon our Borbecu's, or frames of Sticks, raised about 3 foot [0.91 m] from the Ground". As early as the 1730s, New England Puritans were familiar with barbecue, as on 4 November 1731, New London, Connecticut, resident Joshua Hempstead wrote in his diary: "I was at Madm Winthrops at an Entertainment, or Treat of Colln [Colonel] or Samll Brownes
Currawong Bush Park - Misplaced Pages Continue
1696-559: The building, housing, the Ranger's Residence, Park Office and Conference Room as a building of State historical significance. It is a notable example of the design work of Victorian architect Geoffrey Trewenack . It has sometimes mistakenly been attributed to the Victorian architect Kevin Borland . The house was built by Robin and Bunty Elder, in 1959. They resided there until approximately 1969 when
1749-694: The club currently plays in Football Federation Victoria State League 2 South-East. The club plays its home games at Anderson Park. The suburb also has an Australian Rules football team, The Doncaster East Sharks, competing in the Eastern Football League . The Manningham Cricket Club plays at Rieschiecks Reserve and competes in the Eastern Cricket Association MacGibbon Shield. The East Doncaster Cricket Club plays at Zerbes Reserve and competes in
1802-509: The devices associated with those methods, the broader cuisines that these methods produce, and the meals or gatherings at which this style of food is cooked and served. The cooking methods associated with barbecuing vary significantly but most involve outdoor and indoor cooking. The various regional variations of barbecue can be broadly categorized into those methods which use direct and those which use indirect heating. Indirect barbecues are associated with North American cuisine, in which meat
1855-444: The east and the further rolling hills of Templestowe to the west. Three main watercourses flow through or border the suburb: The native vegetation of Doncaster East has been almost totally cleared, notable exceptions being the north-east of the suburb around the Mullum Mullum Creek, where small areas of native riparian bushland remain. Many small areas of Pine Trees were planted by early German settlers and can be found all over
1908-559: The farmlands and orchards, those pine trees still exist today. German Lane was the original name for George Street, and Bismarck Street the original name for Victoria Street. The names were replaced during the First World War and the present names adopted with the wartime anti-German sentiments being an influential factor in removing German-influenced names from the local areas in favour of more overtly British names. The Post Office opened on 8 August 1887. A Tunstall Square office
1961-450: The fire danger in the area is immediate. Fire is only to be used in the campfire site near the education centre, where there are electric barbecues for cooking. There is no camping allowed in the park. Doncaster East Doncaster East is a suburb of Melbourne , Victoria , Australia , 20 km east of Melbourne's Central Business District , located within the City of Manningham local government area . Doncaster East recorded
2014-518: The first recorded use in modern form was in 1661, in Edmund Hickeringill 's Jamaica Viewed : "Some are slain, And their flesh forthwith Barbacu'd and eat"; it also appears in 1672 in the writings of John Lederer following his travels in the North American southeast in 1669–1670. The first known use as a noun was in 1697 by the English buccaneer William Dampier . In his New Voyage Round
2067-403: The grill. This potluck-like activity is known as "bring and braai". Cooking on the braai is a bonding experience for fathers and sons, while women prepare salads and other side dishes in kitchens or other areas away from the grill. Examples of meat prepared for a braai are lamb, steaks, spare ribs, sausages, chicken, and fish. Mielie pap , also known as "Krummel pap", is a crumbled cornmeal that
2120-418: The last orchard being removed in the 1990s. As the young parents who moved into these estates now retire and move away, many houses from the 60s and 70s were converted into multi-tenant units . The area of land that is occupied by Doncaster East mostly consists of rolling hills, creek valleys and short ridges. Andersons Creek Road runs along an unnamed ridge that, when atop, gives views of Mount Dandenong to
2173-451: The light pollution, traffic noise and pollution from Reynolds Road drives wildlife away from the southern slopes and into other areas of the park where they compete with other species for already limited resources. There are formed walking trails and places of interest to draw visitors to the park. Currawong Bush Park Walks are a series of eight walks, each focusing on different aspects of the reserve. All of these walks start and finish within
Currawong Bush Park - Misplaced Pages Continue
2226-453: The park properly. The park is 59-hectares of bushland in the Yarra Valley on the eastern bank of the Mullum Mullum Creek , from the creek itself along the flat banks and up the hillside. The hillside is faulted by two gullies that flow into the Mullum Mullum Creek; Go-betweens Gully and Amersham Gully. The Mullum Mullum Creek Linear Park sits on the opposite bank of Mullum Mullum Creek to
2279-440: The park. Downloading the audio guides will enhance your Currawong experience. The entire park is off-limits to dogs. Motorized transport including motorbikes, scooters, and trail bikes are strictly limited to the roadway and carparks. Cyclists may ride on fire access tracks, but must dismount before entering smaller, unsealed walking tracks. The park is particularly susceptible to bushfires and, being so close to residential areas,
2332-428: The presence of the Wurundjeri people in the park, in the form of four scarred trees . An Aboriginal stone artefact was also found along Mullum Mullum Creek. The Wurundjeri were part of the Kulin nation , comprising the main tribes living within about a 150 km radius of Melbourne. The Wurundjeri are of the Woiwurrung tribe , one of five Kulin tribes, each of whom had their land and language. More recent history shows
2385-505: The property was acquired as a public park. Currently, the park has no on-site manager or ranger. Previously, a full-time ranger was employed by the City of Manningham through an environmental group until funding was cut around 2004. According to the Currawong Bush Park management plan in 2003, $ 1–2 million would be enough to upgrade facilities and deal with threats to the park's ecology. Three staffs are required to operate and manage
2438-426: The soil and entice foxes into the park who compete with stray dogs for territory. Stray cats hunt native bird life and possums . Various weeds from neighbouring properties flow down watercourses into the gullies. Threats from humans include disturbance of plant and animal life from motorbikes and bicycles, and light pollution from the neighbouring hockey field in the southern area of the park. The combined effect of
2491-623: The southern Brazilian churrasco and the Southern Cone asado . For barbecue in the United States , each Southern locale has its own variety of barbecue, particularly sauces. In recent years, the regional variations have blurred as restaurants and consumers experiment and adapt the styles of other regions. South Carolina is the only state that traditionally features all four recognized barbecue sauces , including mustard-based, vinegar-based, and light and heavy tomato-based sauces. North Carolina sauces vary by region; eastern North Carolina uses
2544-483: The suburb, particularly around George and Victoria Streets and to the south-east, the presence of these pine trees can serve as a good indicator of historical property boundaries and further may be present in the nature reserves and parks that populate the region. Invasive species remain as one of the suburbs major environmental problems. The suburb boundaries roughly form the shape of an L flipped horizontally, bordered by Wetherby Road, Victoria Street and Blackburn Road to
2597-543: The suburb, some of these include: The formally recognised traditional owners for the area in which Doncaster is located are the Wurundjeri people. The Wurundjeri people are represented by the Wurundjeri Woi Wurrung Cultural Heritage Aboriginal Corporation. In the 2021 Census, there were 30,926 people living within Doncaster East. Doncaster East has had a significant Chinese minority for many years. Therefore, there are
2650-428: The suburban boundaries, Doncaster East is serviced by George Street, King Street and Victoria Street. Running north-south is Blackburn Road, which holds most of the flow of traffic during weekday peak hour times, together with Springvale Road, as residents travel from their homes to the Eastern Freeway and into the city. Shopping Strips and Centres in Doncaster East include: The EastLink tollway project, which extends
2703-648: The west, adjoining Doncaster and Templestowe, the Mullum Mullum Creek, Springvale Road and Tunstall Road in the east, adjoining Warrandyte and Donvale and the Koonung Creek to the south, adjoining Blackburn North . The north-east section of the suburb sits on the western side of the Mullum Mullum Valley and is very occasionally referred to as being whole or part of West Warrandyte and rarer still, East Templestowe. There are many small anecdotal localities that have established individual community identities within
SECTION 50
#17330853506262756-596: The west. Native species of flora and fauna can be found within the park, including many species of eucalypts such as the Manna Gum and kangaroos such as the Eastern Grey . Being surrounded by low-density residential development, some of the most urgent problems the park faces are from the introduced species such as rabbits, foxes, stray dogs, and cats, occupying the park. Stray dogs mutilate Eastern Grey kangaroos and any young they may be carrying, and rabbits dig furrows in
2809-416: Was open from 1965 until 1990. Like much of the City of Manningham, Doncaster East was predominantly covered in fruit orchards for some time before subdivision began and it became a contiguous part of Melbourne. Housing estates began to replace orchards in the 1960s, generally along Doncaster Road, in the southern half of the suburb. The north half of the suburb was developed through the 1970s and 1980s, with
#625374