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20-542: Cuper's Gardens were 17–18th century pleasure gardens (or tea gardens ) on the south side of the River Thames in Lambeth , London . The gardens looked over to Somerset House near Waterloo Bridge , and were centered on what is now the north end of Waterloo Road . In 1643, Thomas Howard, 21st Earl of Arundel bought 3 acres (1.2 ha) of land which he leased to his gardener Abraham Boydell Cuper . The gardens opened in

40-522: A carriage entrance in the High Street of Marylebone village and another entrance from the fields at the back. Its center was an open oval bowling green encompassed by a wide gravelled walk and many smaller walks and greens surrounded by clipped quickset hedges, which were "kept in good order, and indented like town walls." Marylebone Gardens were mentioned by John Gay in The Beggar's Opera (1728) as

60-563: A haunt of its 'hero', the highwayman Macheath . The tavern had become a resort for gambling, and "There will be deep play tonight" Macheath says to a confederate, "and consequently money may be pick'd up on the road. Meet me there, and I'll give you the hint who is worth setting." The real highwayman Dick Turpin was a visitor in the 1720s . The gardens were used for, amongst other entertainments, gambling , cock-fighting , bull-baiting and boxing matches (with both male and female contestants). Marylebone Gardens were officially reorganized as

80-405: A pleasure garden is a tea garden , where visitors may drink tea and stroll. The rise of the suburban, private garden in the 20th century coincided with and influenced the decline of the public pleasure garden. Marylebone Gardens Marylebone Gardens or Marybone Gardens was a London pleasure garden sited in the grounds of the old manor house of Marylebone and frequented from

100-567: A private garden by the historian Sallust . The gardens were acquired by the Roman Emperor Tiberius for public use. Containing many pavilions, a temple to Venus , and monumental sculptures , the gardens were open to the public for centuries. A paradeisos was a playground for the Persian nobility, combining parklands, orchards and hunting grounds. In 321 BC the Partition of Triparadisus

120-452: A venue for concerts and other entertainments in 1738 by Daniel Gough, the new proprietor of the Rose tavern. An organ by Richard Bridge was installed. Halls were built for shelter in 1739, and the entrance fee was increased to a sixpence to keep out the undesired poor. Silver-plated season tickets were also available. Refreshments were another draw for the mid-century Marylebone Gardens, under

140-460: The Rose of Normandy tavern on the east side of Marylebone High Street , its size was increased to about eight acres by acquisition of land from Marylebone Manor House , which had been converted into a hunting lodge by Henry VIII and was later used as a boarding school , eventually being demolished in 1791. The Marylebone Gardens, surrounded by a high brick wall and set about with fruit trees, had

160-419: The mid-17th century, when Marylebone was a village separated from London by fields and market gardens, to the third quarter of the 18th century. It was situated in the area which is now between Marylebone Road , Marylebone High Street , Weymouth Street , and Harley Street ; its site was developed as Beaumont Street and part of Devonshire Street . Originally consisting of two bowling greens adjoining

180-550: The 1680s and were named after the original proprietor. They were also known as Cupid's Gardens . In 1686, 7 acres (2.8 ha) of adjoining land was bought from the Archbishop of Canterbury , William Sancroft , and added to the gardens. A long landing stage in the river known as Cuper's Bridge acted as a popular entrance for the gardens. In 1736, an orchestra was included among the attractions. It also became known for its firework displays . However, it lost its license in 1753 due to

200-738: The 18th and 19th centuries in London included Cremorne Gardens , Ranelagh Gardens , Royal Surrey Gardens , Vauxhall Gardens and Royal Flora Gardens . Other cities, in England and abroad, acquired their own, such as Holte Bridgman's Apollo Gardens in Birmingham (1740s) and Leeds Royal Park in 1858. Most modern gardens would have been called "pleasure gardens", especially in the 17th and 18th centuries. Many contained large concert halls, or hosted promenade concerts ; some lesser discussed pleasure gardens were home to haberdasheries and harems. A smaller version of

220-462: The Americas and Indies. Marylebone Gardens was visited by Samuel Pepys on 7 May 1668: "And we abroad to Marrowbone, and there walked in the garden, the first time I ever was there, and a pretty place it is". Cuper's Gardens , on the southern bank of the River Thames , opened in the 1680s. These both expanded their areas greatly in the 18th century, the heyday of the pleasure garden. New openings in

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240-410: The areas in a large garden planted as lawns or a landscaped park, or the "useful" areas of the kitchen garden and woodland. Pleasure gardens provided a cool and refreshing refuge from the summer heat. The Mediterranean gardens were also maintained in the winter season, with winter rain allowing for the upkeep of rose and almond trees in northern Italy. This made the gardens a welcome retreat throughout

260-492: The direction of the caterer John Trusler , who took over the management about 1756, and presented public dinners and breakfasts. His daughter made the popular Marylebone tarts and cakes. "Tarts of a twelvepenny size," reads the advertisement of 1760, "will be made every day from one to three o'clock... The almond cheesecake will be always hot at one o'clock as usual." Once the Great Room for balls and supper had been erected on

280-459: The loose morals of its visitors. It remained open as an unlicensed tea garden before finally closing in 1760. This London location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article related to a garden in the United Kingdom is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Pleasure gardens A pleasure garden is a park or garden that is open to

300-675: The musical management undertaken by Samuel Arnold who took over the ownership and management with the violinist Thomas Pinto which arrangement continued from 1769 to 1774. In 1758, under the direction of Trusler's son, the Gardens gave the English premiere of Pergolesi 's opera La serva padrona (in translation). Hook was appointed organist and composer to the Gardens in 1769 and held an annual festival there every summer. The gardens were also famous for their regular firework displays , organised from 1772 to 1774 by Signor Torre . The Rose Tavern

320-399: The native, Romanized British upper classes. Public pleasure gardens were opened in London from the later 17th century; many had previously been parts of large private gardens, so the garden layout already existed. Usually entrance required payment. English nobles were increasingly able to build undefended, hospitable homes equipped with pleasure gardens displaying exotic fauna introduced from

340-517: The public for recreation and entertainment . Pleasure gardens differ from other public gardens by serving as venues for entertainment, variously featuring such attractions as concert halls , bandstands , amusement rides , zoos , and menageries . Historically a "pleasure garden" or pleasure ground meant private flower gardens , shrub gardens or formal wooded areas such as bosquets , that were planted for enjoyment, with ornamental plants and neat paths for walking. These were distinguished from

360-400: The site (1739–40), breakfasts were added to the schedule. Many of the foremost London musicians and composers including George Frideric Handel and James Hook performed works here, The original principal female singer was a Miss Faulkner and the orchestra was led by William Defesch . From 1763 to 1768 the Gardens were run by Thomas Lowe , who had been a singer at Vauxhall Gardens , with

380-450: The year. The two meanings of the term, as the ornamental parts of a garden, and as a commercial place of entertainment, coexisted in English from at least the 17th century. The depiction of entertainment in nature has been documented as far back as 1500 BC, with depictions of garden scenes with guests entertained by musicians and dancing girls. In ancient Rome , the landscaped Gardens of Sallust ( Horti Sallustiani ) were developed as

400-498: Was signed at Triparidisus in Syria, a vast pleasure grounds complex in Syria. Formal, extravagant pleasure gardens came to Roman Britain in the 1st century AD, such as can now be seen at Fishbourne Roman Palace . Such gardens were typically decorated with statues, columns, fountains and frescoed walls, as well as decorative stonework. They would likely have been used for hosting and entertaining Roman-born officials and merchants, as well as

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