143-595: Comilla Victorians ( Bengali : কুমিল্লা ভিক্টোরিয়ান্স ) was a Bangladeshi professional men's cricket team which competed in the Bangladesh Premier League , a T-20 cricket league. The team was based in Cumilla , a city in eastern Bangladesh. Comilla Victorians won the BPL title 4 times. The team is currently owned by Comilla Legends Limited . On 16 November 2019, Bangladesh Cricket Board (BCB) announced themselves as
286-492: A bid to lessen this burden on young learners, efforts have been made by educational institutions in the two main Bengali-speaking regions (West Bengal and Bangladesh) to address the opaque nature of many consonant clusters, and as a result, modern Bengali textbooks are beginning to contain more and more "transparent" graphical forms of consonant clusters, in which the constituent consonants of a cluster are readily apparent from
429-478: A captain. Mashrafe is also the first pace bowler in Bangladesh who bowled a delivery clocking over 147 km/h, which he did during a Test against New Zealand at Hamilton in 2001. Mashrafe's career has been hampered by fifteen injuries as he has undergone a total of ten operations on his knees and ankles. On 6 March 2020, Mashrafe, at the age of 37, announced his retirement from national team captaincy by playing
572-549: A challenge for Mashrafe. Though in the penultimate game he struggled he regained full fitness to bowl in the final, and finished as Bangladesh's leading seamer with six wickets from four matches. Mashrafe led his team to the Quarter Finals of the World Cup for the first time when they beat Scotland, Afghanistan and England in the group stage. Although losing the quarter finals to India meant Bangladesh didn't proceed any further on
715-493: A defeat to Dhaka Dynamites by 5 wickets. The squad consists of notable National cricketers such as Captain Liton Das , Mustafizur Rahman , Imrul Kayes and Towhid Hridoy . International players include Andre Russell , Sunil Narine , Moeen Ali , Mohammad Rizwan , Will Jacks and Johnson Charles . Bengali language Bengali , also known by its endonym Bangla ( বাংলা , Bāṅlā , [ˈbaŋla] ),
858-537: A different word from a speaker of Standard Bengali in Bangladesh, even though both words are of native Bengali descent. For example, the word salt is লবণ lôbôṇ in the east which corresponds to নুন nun in the west. Bengali exhibits diglossia , though some scholars have proposed triglossia or even n-glossia or heteroglossia between the written and spoken forms of the language. Two styles of writing have emerged, involving somewhat different vocabularies and syntax : Linguist Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar categorises
1001-438: A dip in form. In the second ODI Bangladesh ended their 24-match losing streak; Mashrafe led his country to their first victory over England in any form of cricket. However, Bangladesh were unable to seal a series victory and lost 2–1. Mashrafe finished as joint-lead wicket-taker for the series with five wickets, equal with England's Ajmal Shahzad . Later the same month, Bangladesh played two ODIs against Ireland, and one against
1144-480: A diphthong. The total number of diphthongs is not established, with bounds at 17 and 31. An incomplete chart is given by Sarkar (1985) of the following: In standard Bengali, stress is predominantly initial. Bengali words are virtually all trochaic ; the primary stress falls on the initial syllable of the word, while secondary stress often falls on all odd-numbered syllables thereafter, giving strings such as in সহযোগিতা shô -hô- jo -gi- ta "cooperation", where
1287-556: A draw. Mashrafe opened the bowling with Mohammad Manjural Islam and took 4 wickets for 106 runs (also written as 4/106) as Zimbabwe did not bat a second time. His first, also known as "maiden", Test wicket was that of Grant Flower . Unusually the match was also Mashrafe's maiden first-class match; he was the 31st person to have achieved this, and the third since 1899. Mashrafe also made his first appearance for Bangladesh's one day team on 23 November 2001 along with fellow debutants Fahim Muntasir and Tushar Imran . Opening
1430-610: A former Jatiya Sangsad member representing the Narail-2 constituency during 2019–2024. He is widely regarded as the most successful captain for the Bangladesh cricket team. He started this test debut against Zimbabwe in 2001. He impressed Andy Roberts , who was then coaching Bangladesh and was drafted into the Test side - in his debut first-class game. In 2006, Mashrafe was the world's highest wicket-taker in ODIs, collecting 49 wickets in total. He
1573-505: A former owner of now-defunct franchise Sylhet Royals . The rights were bought at US$ 27.50 million for five years. During October 2015, Comilla Victorians was officially established, thus becoming the only other team representing a city in Chattogram Division . The team won their first title on 2015-16 Bangladesh Premier League but they failed to keep the title in 2016-17 Bangladesh Premier League season. The Comilla Victorians were
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#17328957786891716-508: A historic win as Bangladesh had never before won a series against a full-strength Test nation. At the start of November, the BCB announced 16 central contracts. Mashrafe was one of six players in the top level. He returned to the Bangladesh squad for Zimbabwe's tour of the country in December 2010, but Shakib Al Hasan retained the captaincy. By his own admission, Mashrafe struggled for form early in
1859-672: A large scale and were communally limited. Owing to Bengal's geographic location, Bengali areas bordering non-Bengali regions have been influenced by each other. Small numbers of people in Midnapore , which borders Odisha , have used the Odia script to write in Bengali. In the border areas between West Bengal and Bihar , some Bengali communities historically wrote Bengali in Devanagari , Kaithi and Tirhuta . In Sylhet and Bankura , modified versions of
2002-660: A majority in Bangladesh speaks dialects notably different from SCB. Some dialects, particularly those of the Chittagong region, bear only a superficial resemblance to SCB. The dialect in the Chittagong region is least widely understood by the general body of Bengalis. The majority of Bengalis are able to communicate in more than one variety – often, speakers are fluent in Cholitobhasha (SCB) and one or more regional dialects. Even in SCB,
2145-451: A man-of-the-match award. In August and September 2008, Bangladesh toured Australia for three ODIs. Before the ODIs started, Mashrafe was struggling with his persistent knee injury. Bangladesh lost all three matches, and although not missing a match, Mashrafe failed to take a wicket. After the series, doctors examined the knee and identified a collection of fluid in Mashrafe's left knee. He
2288-663: A part in the adoption of the English alphabet to write Bengali, with certain social media influencers publishing entire novels in Roman Bengali. Mashrafe Mortaza Mashrafe Bin Mortaza (born 5 October 1983), popularly known as the Narail Express , is a Bangladeshi politician and cricketer who captained in all three formats of the game for the Bangladesh national cricket team and
2431-406: A rather sour note. Tamim Iqbal was announced icon player of the team and the skipper as they didn't extend Mashrafe Mortaza 's contract this time unlike in 2016. Mohammad Salahuddin returned as the team's coach after a single season stint with Chittagong Vikings . All-rounder Mohammad Nabi from Afghanistan and Pakistani seamer Imran Khan Jr. joined the team after finishing a season with
2574-562: A rounded total of 280 million) worldwide. The Bengali language is native to the region of Bengal , which comprises the present-day nation of Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal . Besides the native region it is also spoken by the Bengalis living in Tripura , southern Assam and the Bengali population in the Indian union territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands . Bengali is also spoken in
2717-694: A sore back, but played in all the Tests and ODIs, taking two expensive wickets in each series. On 6 February 2009, an auction was held in which teams in the Indian Premier League made bids for players for the 2009 Indian Premier League , the second season of the competition. Mashrafe's starting price was US$ 50,000; the Kolkata Knight Riders and the Kings XI Punjab were involved in a bidding war over Mashrafe, driving up his price. The winning bid
2860-408: A special diacritic, called the hôsôntô (্) , may be added below the basic consonant grapheme (as in ম্ [m] ). This diacritic, however, is not common and is chiefly employed as a guide to pronunciation. The abugida nature of Bengali consonant graphemes is not consistent, however. Often, syllable-final consonant graphemes, though not marked by a hôsôntô , may carry no inherent vowel sound (as in
3003-575: A state language of the then Dominion of Pakistan . On 21 February 1952, five students and political activists were killed during protests near the campus of the University of Dhaka ; they were the first ever martyrs to die for their right to speak their mother tongue. In 1956, Bengali was made a state language of Pakistan. 21 February has since been observed as Language Movement Day in Bangladesh and has also been commemorated as International Mother Language Day by UNESCO every year since 2000. In 2010,
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#17328957786893146-459: A tear of his knee ligament. When the injury meant he was omitted from Bangladesh's 15-man squad for the 2011 World Cup in February, Mashrafe said that it was "the most painful day" of his life. He hoped to recover in time, and when it was announced that Mashrafe had not been included in the World Cup squad there was rioting in Bangladesh and in one place a half-day strike. Mashrafe was recalled to
3289-463: A vowel in isolation from any preceding or following consonant, the independent form of the vowel is used. For example, in মই [moj] "ladder" and in ইলিশ [iliʃ] "Hilsa fish", the independent form of the vowel ই is used (cf. the dependent form ি) . A vowel at the beginning of a word is always realised using its independent form. In addition to the inherent-vowel-suppressing hôsôntô , three more diacritics are commonly used in Bengali. These are
3432-494: Is Bangladesh's national march, written by The National Poet Kazi Nazrul Islam in Bengali in 1928. It was adopted as the national marching song by the Bangladeshi government in 1972. Additionally, the first two verses of Vande Mataram , a patriotic song written in Bengali by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee , was adopted as the "national song" of India in both the colonial period and later in 1950 in independent India. Furthermore, it
3575-536: Is a classical Indo-Aryan language from the Indo-European language family native to the Bengal region of South Asia. With over 237 million native speakers and another 41 million as second language speakers as of 2024, Bengali is the fifth most spoken native language and the seventh most spoken language by the total number of speakers in the world. It is the fifth most spoken Indo-European language . Bengali
3718-468: Is a cursive script with eleven graphemes or signs denoting nine vowels and two diphthongs , and thirty-nine graphemes representing consonants and other modifiers. There are no distinct upper and lower case letter forms. The letters run from left to right and spaces are used to separate orthographic words . Bengali script has a distinctive horizontal line running along the tops of the graphemes that links them together called মাত্রা matra . Since
3861-400: Is an abugida , a script with letters for consonants, with diacritics for vowels, and in which an inherent vowel (অ ô ) is assumed for consonants if no vowel is marked. The Bengali alphabet is used throughout Bangladesh and eastern India (Assam, West Bengal, Tripura). The Bengali alphabet is believed to have evolved from a modified Brahmic script around 1000 CE (or 10th–11th century). It
4004-668: Is believed by many that the national anthem of Sri Lanka ( Sri Lanka Matha ) was inspired by a Bengali poem written by Rabindranath Tagore , while some even believe the anthem was originally written in Bengali and then translated into Sinhala . After the contribution made by the Bangladesh UN Peacekeeping Force in the Sierra Leone Civil War under the United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone ,
4147-699: Is considered a separate language, although it shares similarities to Northern Bengali dialects. During the standardisation of Bengali in the 19th century and early 20th century, the cultural centre of Bengal was in Kolkata , a city founded by the British. What is accepted as the standard form today in both West Bengal and Bangladesh is based on the West-Central dialect of Nadia and Kushtia District . There are cases where speakers of Standard Bengali in West Bengal will use
4290-404: Is known as Apabhraṃśa , by the end of the first millennium. The Bengali language evolved as a distinct language over the course of time. Though some archaeologists claim that some 10th-century texts were in Bengali, it is not certain whether they represent a differentiated language or whether they represent a stage when Eastern Indo-Aryan languages were differentiating. The local Apabhraṃśa of
4433-477: Is set out below in the International Phonetic Alphabet (upper grapheme in each box) and romanisation (lower grapheme). Bengali is known for its wide variety of diphthongs , combinations of vowels occurring within the same syllable . Two of these, /oi̯/ and /ou̯/ , are the only ones with representation in script, as ঐ and ঔ respectively. /e̯ i̯ o̯ u̯/ may all form the glide part of
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4576-545: Is the official , national , and most widely spoken language of Bangladesh , with 98% of Bangladeshis using Bengali as their first language. It is the second-most widely spoken language in India . It is the official language of the Indian states of West Bengal and Tripura and the Barak Valley region of the state of Assam . It is also the second official language of the Indian state of Jharkhand since September 2011. It
4719-500: Is the most widely spoken language in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands in the Bay of Bengal , and is spoken by significant populations in other states including Bihar , Arunachal Pradesh , Delhi , Chhattisgarh , Meghalaya , Mizoram , Nagaland , Odisha and Uttarakhand . Bengali is also spoken by the Bengali diasporas ( Bangladeshi diaspora and Indian Bengalis) across Europe, North America,
4862-449: The 2017 Bangladesh Premier League for third time as captain with Rangpur Riders , making him the most successful player at the tournament as a captain. Mashrafe was ranked as one of the most famous athletes in the world on ESPN World Fame 100 in 2019. According to Antiguan first-class cricketer Andy Roberts , Mashrafe is the most talented cricketer in Bangladesh. He became only the fifth bowler in history to take 100 ODI wickets as
5005-500: The Aesop's Fables in Bengali was printed using Roman letters based on English phonology by the Scottish linguist John Gilchrist . Consecutive attempts to establish a Roman Bengali have continued across every century since these times, and have been supported by the likes of Suniti Kumar Chatterji , Muhammad Qudrat-i-Khuda , and Muhammad Enamul Haq . The Digital Revolution has also played
5148-660: The Arabic , Persian , and Turkic languages . The arrival of merchants and traders from the Middle East and Turkestan into the Buddhist -ruling Pala Empire , from as early as the 7th century, gave birth to Islamic influence in the region. In the 13th century, subsequent Arab Muslim and Turco-Persian expeditions to Bengal heavily influenced the local vernacular by settling among the native population. Bengali absorbed Arabic and Persian influences in its vocabulary and dialect, including
5291-468: The Constitution of Bangladesh states Bengali to be the sole official language of Bangladesh. The Bengali Language Implementation Act, 1987 , made it mandatory to use Bengali in all records and correspondences, laws, proceedings of court and other legal actions in all courts, government or semi-government offices, and autonomous institutions in Bangladesh. It is also the de facto national language of
5434-564: The Kaithi script had some historical prominence, mainly among Muslim communities. The variant in Sylhet was identical to the Baitali Kaithi script of Hindustani with the exception of Sylhet Nagri possessing matra . Sylhet Nagri was standardised for printing in c. 1869 . Up until the 19th century, numerous variations of the Arabic script had been used across Bengal from Chittagong in
5577-520: The Nadia region . Bengali shows a high degree of diglossia , with the literary and standard form differing greatly from the colloquial speech of the regions that identify with the language. Modern Bengali vocabulary is based on words inherited from Magadhi Prakrit and Pali, along with tatsamas and reborrowings from Sanskrit and borrowings from Persian , Arabic , Austroasiatic languages and other languages with which it has historically been in contact. In
5720-590: The University of Karachi (established by East Pakistani politicians before Independence of Bangladesh ) also offers regular programs of studies at the Bachelors and at the Masters levels for Bengali Literature. The national anthems of both Bangladesh ( Amar Sonar Bangla ) and India ( Jana Gana Mana ) were written in Bengali by the Bengali Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore . Notuner Gaan known as " Chol Chol Chol"
5863-499: The boldface represents primary and secondary stress. Native Bengali words do not allow initial consonant clusters ; the maximum syllabic structure is CVC (i.e., one vowel flanked by a consonant on each side). Many speakers of Bengali restrict their phonology to this pattern, even when using Sanskrit or English borrowings, such as গেরাম geram (CV.CVC) for গ্রাম gram (CCVC) "village" or ইস্কুল iskul (VC.CVC) for স্কুল skul (CCVC) "school". The Bengali-Assamese script
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6006-557: The phonology of Eastern Bengali is seen through the lack of nasalised vowels and an alveolar articulation of what are categorised as the "cerebral" consonants (as opposed to the postalveolar articulation of western Bengal). Some varieties of Bengali, particularly Sylheti , Chittagonian and Chakma , have contrastive tone ; differences in the pitch of the speaker's voice can distinguish words. Kharia Thar and Mal Paharia are closely related to Western Bengali dialects, but are typically classified as separate languages. Similarly, Hajong
6149-456: The 13 players who chose to join were given 10-year bans by the BCB. Mashrafe turned down the offer, asserting that his main priority was to play for Bangladesh. When New Zealand toured Bangladesh in October 2008, Mashrafe was part of Bangladesh's maiden ODI victory against New Zealand. He took 4/44 as his team won by seven wickets, but the team went on to lose the series 2–1. He finished as
6292-477: The 15-man squad. Sultan Rana , the Asia team manager, described Mashrafe as "a very promising prospect, a terrific asset to the Bangladesh team". He played two of the three ODIs where he took Shaun Pollock's wicket in the first one. In September 2005 a back injury meant that Mashrafe had to return home from Bangladesh's tour of Sri Lanka before the start of the first Test. It was the sixth time he had been sent home in
6435-608: The 16th century, Portuguese missionaries began a tradition of using the Roman alphabet to transcribe the Bengali language. Though the Portuguese standard did not receive much growth, a few Roman Bengali works relating to Christianity and Bengali grammar were printed as far as Lisbon in 1743. The Portuguese were followed by the English and French respectively, whose works were mostly related to Bengali grammar and transliteration. The first version of
6578-637: The 19th and 20th centuries, there were two standard forms of written Bengali: In 1948, the government of Pakistan tried to impose Urdu as the sole state language in Pakistan, giving rise to the Bengali language movement . This was a popular ethnolinguistic movement in the former East Bengal (today Bangladesh ), which arose as a result of the strong linguistic consciousness of the Bengalis and their desire to promote and protect spoken and written Bengali's recognition as
6721-576: The 6th century, which competed with the ancestor of Bengali for some time. The ancestor of Bengali was the language of the Pala Empire and the Sena dynasty . During the medieval period, Middle Bengali was characterised by the elision of the word-final অ ô and the spread of compound verbs, which originated from the Sanskrit Schwa . Slowly, the word-final ô disappeared from many words influenced by
6864-529: The BPL final for the first time. Mashrafe was selected for play for Gemcon Khulna in Bangabandu T20 Cup 2020 . In the tournament's eliminator, he took his first five-wicket haul in T20s. Mashrafe is one of the most successful pace bowlers to have emerged from Bangladesh. The pace and aggression Mashrafe displayed as an under-19 player impressed Andy Roberts , the former West Indian fast bowler, who
7007-451: The Bengali equivalent of a full stop – have been adopted from Western scripts and their usage is similar. Unlike in Western scripts (Latin, Cyrillic, etc.) where the letter forms stand on an invisible baseline, the Bengali letter-forms instead hang from a visible horizontal left-to-right headstroke called মাত্রা matra . The presence and absence of this matra can be important. For example,
7150-426: The Bengali script is an abugida, its consonant graphemes usually do not represent phonetic segments , but carry an "inherent" vowel and thus are syllabic in nature. The inherent vowel is usually a back vowel , either [ɔ] as in মত [m ɔ t] "opinion" or [o] , as in মন [m o n] "mind", with variants like the more open [ɒ] . To emphatically represent a consonant sound without any inherent vowel attached to it,
7293-520: The Middle East and other regions. Bengali was accorded the status of a classical language by the government of India on 3 October 2024. It is the second most spoken and fourth fastest growing language in India , following Hindi in the first place, Kashmiri in the second place, and Meitei ( Manipuri ), along with Gujarati , in the third place, according to the 2011 census of India . Bengali has developed over more than 1,400 years. Bengali literature , with its millennium-old literary history,
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#17328957786897436-485: The Netherlands; the team managed only one victory against Ireland. Analysing Bangladesh's performance on the tour, Mashrafe noted his concern about the effectiveness of the team's bowling. In the opening game of Bangladesh's five-match ODI series against New Zealand in October 2010 , Mashrafe suffered an ankle injury. As a result, he was unable to play again in the series and Shakib Al Hasan took over. Bangladesh won 4–0,
7579-461: The Test series 1–0, but Mashrafe finished as both the team's leading run-scorer and wicket-taker with 151 runs at 50.33 with two fifties—including his maiden Test half-century—and 6 wickets at 38.33. Bangladesh lost the ODI series 2–0. After Habibul Bashar stepped down from Bangladesh's one-day captaincy, Mohammad Ashraful was appointed the team captain in all forms of cricket on 2 June 2007. On
7722-417: The Test series to avoid aggravating his knee injury, but played only the first out of the three ODIs against England before withdrawing from Bangladesh's squad as he was about to be dropped. Bangladesh lost the one match Mashrafe played in, and the captain criticised his bowling. Shakib Al Hasan said "The way Mashrafe bowled before his injury, that Mashrafe we might have missed tonight. But the way he bowled in
7865-630: The Victorians managed to forge a very balanced side. Comilla Victorians beat Rangpur in the playoff to reach final. In the final Tamim slammed 141 in just 61 balls as Comilla beat Dhaka to be crowned BPL 2018-19 Champion.This is Comilla Victorian's 2nd BPL trophy. During the player's direct signing period, a Conflict of Interests aroused between BCB and all other franchises. Subsequently, in September 2019, BCB made some changes in rules and regulations for this season and eliminated all franchises, BCB took over
8008-526: The Vikings. Shoaib Malik returned after spending some time with Nabi and Imran at the dressing room last year while English keeper Jos Buttler , Kiwi batter Colin Munro , Pakistani seamer Hassan Ali , Hasan's ‘new-sensation’ countryman Fakhar Zaman , Lankan all rounder Angelo Mathews and more players will be representing the Victorians for the first time. Marlon Samuels and Rashid Khan has been retained by
8151-470: The West Indies . Mashrafe's captaincy was off to a winning start in his first Test in charge when Bangladesh beat the West Indies. However, he injured his knee and was unable to take to the field on the final day, leaving Shakib Al Hasan to assume the captaincy and lead the team to a historic win; it was their first against the West Indies, their first overseas Test victory, and only their second Test win. This
8294-536: The basis of modern standard colloquial Bengali. In the dialects prevalent in much of eastern and south-eastern Bangladesh ( Barisal , Chittagong , Dhaka and Sylhet Divisions of Bangladesh), many of the stops and affricates heard in West Bengal and western Bangladesh are pronounced as fricatives . Western alveolo-palatal affricates চ [ tɕɔ ] , ছ [ tɕʰɔ ] , জ [ dʑɔ ] correspond to eastern চ [tsɔ] , ছ [tsʰɔ~sɔ] , জ [dzɔ~zɔ] . The influence of Tibeto-Burman languages on
8437-445: The best Bangladeshi player award while their all-rounder, Ashar Zaidi was awarded the player of the tournament. The Victorians were looking to defend their title but failed in that mission miserably. Even with players like Ahmed Shehzad , Marlon Samuels , Mashrafe Mortaza and Rashid Khan , they lost their first 5 games in a row. They somehow managed to finish at the 2nd last place in the league stage thus ending their campaign in
8580-412: The bowling with Mohammad Sharif , Mashrafe finished with figures of 2/26 from 8.2 overs as Zimbabwe won the match by five wickets . He broke into the national side in late 2001 against Zimbabwe and represented Bangladesh before having played a single first-class match. Mashrafe captained his country in one Test and seven One Day Internationals (ODIs) between 2009 and 2010, however, injury meant he
8723-559: The calendar year of 2006 Mashrafe was the world's highest wicket taker in ODIs, collecting 49 wickets. The haul was the most ever in a calendar year by a Bangladeshi, and 17th most for anyone. In a freak accident shortly before the 2006 ICC Champions Trophy Mashrafe sprained his ankle on the stairs at home. As a result, he was ruled out of the warm-up matches before the tournament which was held on October. Mashrafe recovered in time to play in all three of Bangladesh's matches, taking two wickets at 50.50, as Bangladesh failed to progress beyond
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#17328957786898866-410: The captaincy duties to Shakib Al Hasan later. He suffered a tear in his knee ligament after that. This forced him to miss the 2011 Cricket World Cup . After overcoming his injuries, Mashrafe took his position back in the squad after 4 years and captained Bangladesh to the 2015 Cricket World Cup , where they were able to reach the quarterfinals for the first time. After getting knocked out by India at
9009-472: The charge of the current BPL and decided to run this current tournament by the board itself and named the tournament as Bangabandhu BPL T20 2019 in order to pay homage to Sheikh Mujibur Rahman on his birth centenary. The team was owned and managed by BCB itself. The team signs Mushfiqur Rahim as their icon player for this season. The team authority has confirmed this news after the Sri Lanka tour in 2019. He
9152-469: The consonant which comes first is put on top of or to the left of the one that immediately follows. In these ligatures, the shapes of the constituent consonant signs are often contracted and sometimes even distorted beyond recognition. In the Bengali writing system, there are nearly 285 such ligatures denoting consonant clusters. Although there exist a few visual formulas to construct some of these ligatures, many of them have to be learned by rote. Recently, in
9295-503: The country. In India, Bengali is one of the 23 official languages . It is the official language of the Indian states of West Bengal , Tripura and in Barak Valley of Assam . Bengali has been a second official language of the Indian state of Jharkhand since September 2011. In Pakistan , Bengali is a recognised secondary language in the city of Karachi mainly spoken by stranded Bengalis of Pakistan . The Department of Bengali in
9438-435: The decision was made to expand the number of teams and move away from division-representing teams to city-representing teams for the third season of the competition. With the revamp of Bangladesh Premier League , a scope was created for interested bidders to bid for Cumilla -based franchise, being one of the largest city in Chattogram Division . The legal franchise rights were sold to Nafisa Kamal (Legends Sporting Limited),
9581-587: The development of Dobhashi . Bengali acquired prominence, over Persian, in the court of the Sultans of Bengal with the ascent of Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah . Subsequent Muslim rulers actively promoted the literary development of Bengali, allowing it to become the most spoken vernacular language in the Sultanate. Bengali adopted many words from Arabic and Persian , which was a manifestation of Islamic culture on
9724-483: The draft, Comilla's notable domestic picks were pacer Abu Hider and wicket-keeper batsman Anamul Haque . Some of their overseas picks were all-rounders Shahid Afridi and Thisara Perera as well as West Indian batsman Evin Lewis and Australian batsman Steve Smith , who is currently serving a one-year ban for Ball tampering . Their most interesting pick was young Afghanistan left-arm seamer Waqar Salamkheil . Overall,
9867-672: The east to Meherpur in the west. The 14th-century court scholar of Bengal, Nur Qutb Alam , composed Bengali poetry using the Persian alphabet . After the Partition of India in the 20th century, the Pakistani government attempted to institute the Perso-Arabic script as the standard for Bengali in East Pakistan ; this was met with resistance and contributed to the Bengali language movement. In
10010-549: The eastern subcontinent, Purbi Apabhraṃśa or Abahatta (lit. 'meaningless sounds'), eventually evolved into regional dialects, which in turn formed three groups, the Bengali–Assamese languages , the Bihari languages , and the Odia language . The language was not static: different varieties coexisted and authors often wrote in multiple dialects in this period. For example, Ardhamagadhi is believed to have evolved into Abahatta around
10153-413: The end of the tour, Mashrafe was described as "Bangladesh's solitary cutting edge", underlining how important his bowling is to the team. Mashrafe was selected as a reserve player for the Asian squad in the inaugural Afro-Asia Cup . He was later drafted into the full squad as a replacement for the unavailable Rana Naved-ul-Hasan . With batsman Mohammad Ashraful , he was one of two Bangladeshi players in
10296-610: The expected recovery time from the operation was six weeks. Although Mashrafe was reinstated as Bangladesh's captain for the team's home ODI series against Zimbabwe in October 2009 , he did not play in the series. His injury persisted, and he did not play competitive cricket from his injury in July 2009 until February 2010. Mashrafe took temporary exemption from Test cricket in 2009 due to continuous back injuries for an indefinite time and have not played any test match since Once his knee had recovered, Mashrafe suffered another setback when he
10439-466: The final ন in মন [m o n] or the medial ম in গামলা [ɡamla] ). A consonant sound followed by some vowel sound other than the inherent [ɔ] is orthographically realised by using a variety of vowel allographs above, below, before, after, or around the consonant sign, thus forming the ubiquitous consonant-vowel typographic ligatures . These allographs, called কার kar , are diacritical vowel forms and cannot stand on their own. For example,
10582-461: The final over of the match, conceding 21 runs to allow the Deccan Chargers to secure victory. In early 2009, Ashraful's position as captain came under scrutiny and the BCB considered possible replacements. Mashrafe, wicket-keeper Mushfiqur Rahim , and all-rounder Shakib Al Hasan were identified as potential successors, but the board decided to let Ashraful remain as captain. Mashrafe
10725-481: The finals of the season. They became runners-up of the tournament by narrowly losing to India in the final. In December 2018, during Bangladesh's series against the West Indies , Mashrafe played in his 200th ODI match. This includes two matches for the Asia XI team . In the same series, he became the first cricketer to play 200 ODIs for Bangladesh . In April 2019, he was named as the captain of Bangladesh's squad for
10868-423: The first T20I hat-trick. Brett Lee claimed Shakib Al Hasan's wicket, followed by Mortaza's and then that of Alok Kapali to help Australia to a 9-wicket win. When Bangladesh toured New Zealand in December 2007 and January 2008, the team lost the Test series 2–0 and the ODI series 3–0. Mashrafe played in both of the Tests, taking seven wickets at 26.85 and finished as the team's leading wicket-taker. However he
11011-420: The first qualifier to advance to the finals. In the final against Barisal Bulls , Alok Kapali squeezed a single of the last ball to win a thriller and hence were crowned the champions in their debut season. Imrul Kayes was the second highest run-scorer of the tournament, scoring 312 runs at an average of 28.36 while Abu Hider was the second highest wicket taker of the tournament with 21 wickets. He also got
11154-509: The first round. In February 2007, Bangladesh again toured Zimbabwe for a one-day series, this time as a prelude to the 2007 World Cup . Bangladesh won the four match series 3–1, and Mashrafe finished as Bangladesh's leading wicket-taker with 8 wickets at 16.50. When Bangladesh beat New Zealand in a warm-up match before the World Cup, Mashrafe produced what was described as a "fine all-round display". He took four wickets and scored an unbeaten 30 off 16 balls to ensure victory by two wickets. He
11297-619: The following three-match ODI series 3–0. In July and August 2006, Bangladesh toured Zimbabwe for a five-match ODI series. In the 3rd ODI, Mashrafe was hit for six off the final ball of the match by Brendan Taylor , giving the Zimbabweans victory. With Zimbabwe already winning the series 3–1, Mashrafe was dropped for the final match, which Bangladesh went on to win. In the four matches he played in, Mashrafe took five wickets at an average of 29.20. Following their defeat by Zimbabwe, Bangladesh faced Kenya in three ODIs, winning them all. Mashrafe
11440-663: The government of Ahmad Tejan Kabbah declared Bengali as an honorary official language in December 2002. In 2009, elected representatives in both Bangladesh and West Bengal called for Bengali to be made an official language of the United Nations . Regional varieties in spoken Bengali constitute a dialect continuum . Linguist Suniti Kumar Chatterji grouped the dialects of Bengali language into four large clusters: Rarhi , Vangiya , Kamrupi and Varendri ; but many alternative grouping schemes have also been proposed. The south-western dialects ( Rarhi or Nadia dialect) form
11583-499: The graph মি [mi] represents the consonant [m] followed by the vowel [i] , where [i] is represented as the diacritical allograph ি (called ই-কার i-kar ) and is placed before the default consonant sign. Similarly, the graphs মা [ma] , মী [mi] , মু [mu] , মূ [mu] , মৃ [mri] , মে [me~mɛ] , মৈ [moj] , মো [mo] and মৌ [mow] represent the same consonant ম combined with seven other vowels and two diphthongs. In these consonant-vowel ligatures,
11726-412: The graphical form. However, since this change is not as widespread and is not being followed as uniformly in the rest of the Bengali printed literature, today's Bengali-learning children will possibly have to learn to recognise both the new "transparent" and the old "opaque" forms, which ultimately amounts to an increase in learning burden. Bengali punctuation marks, apart from the downstroke । daṛi –
11869-486: The innings far surpassing his previous best first-class score of 70, and was named man of the match. Mashrafe enhanced his reputation on Bangladesh's inaugural tour of England , and was the team's leading bowler, although his team lost the two-match Test series 2–0. He was by far the most economical of the Bangladeshi bowlers, conceding on average nearly half a run less per over than the next best bowler. Mashrafe finished
12012-483: The language as: While most writing is in Standard Colloquial Bengali (SCB), spoken dialects exhibit a greater variety. People in southeastern West Bengal, including Kolkata, speak in SCB. Other dialects, with minor variations from Standard Colloquial, are used in other parts of West Bengal and western Bangladesh, such as the Midnapore dialect, characterised by some unique words and constructions. However,
12155-510: The language movement. Although Sanskrit has been spoken by Hindu Brahmins in Bengal since the 3rd century BC, the local Buddhist population spoke varieties of the Prakrit . These varieties are generally referred to as "eastern Magadhi Prakrit ", as coined by linguist Suniti Kumar Chatterji , as the Middle Indo-Aryan dialects were influential in the first millennium when Bengal
12298-535: The language. Major texts of Middle Bengali (1400–1800) include Yusuf-Zulekha by Shah Muhammad Sagir and Srikrishna Kirtana by the Chandidas poets. Court support for Bengali culture and language waned when the Mughal Empire conquered Bengal in the late 16th and early 17th century. The modern literary form of Bengali was developed during the 19th and early 20th centuries based on the west-central dialect spoken in
12441-519: The last match and the practice match, not really. He needs some time to get back to full confidence and rhythm. He needs to play some games and get match-fit again." Mashrafe continued to struggle for form in the 2010 Asia Cup , held in June, taking just two wickets in three matches at an average of 77.00. The coach, Jamie Siddons , commented that "He's going to have to improve a lot on his current form. Unfortunately there's no ready replacement for Mashrafe at
12584-587: The last match of the ODI series against Zimbabwe. He was bought by Kolkata Knight Riders for the 2009 Indian Premier League auction, with an estimated amount of US$ 600,000. He played just one match being not out with 2 runs and giving 58 runs of 4 overs. Due to his international commitments, Mashrafe has infrequently played for Khulna Division in Bangladesh's domestic cricket competitions. While he has represented Bangladesh 36 times in Tests and in 100 ODIs between 2001 and 2005 he played only 11 first-class and 9 list A matches for Khulna Division in
12727-428: The letter ত tô and the numeral ৩ "3" are distinguishable only by the presence or absence of the matra , as is the case between the consonant cluster ত্র trô and the independent vowel এ e , also the letter হ hô and Bengali Ôbogroho ঽ (~ô) and letter ও o and consonant cluster ত্ত ttô . The letter-forms also employ the concepts of letter-width and letter-height (the vertical space between
12870-493: The middle of a series. The injury—a type of stress fracture expected to take between six and twelve weeks to heal —saw Mashrafe unable to play any cricket for several months. He returned to the Bangladesh side in February 2006 for a series of ODIs against Sri Lanka . Australia visited Bangladesh in April 2006 and Mashrafe played the whole series. Despite coming close to winning the first Test, Bangladesh ultimately lost both Tests in
13013-483: The moment, we're hoping his experience will pull him through. We'll keep looking for others and if Mash can't stand up we'll have to replace him." Siddons also noted that since his comeback in 2010, Mashrafe's bowling has not been as fast as it used to be. In the one-day leg of the return tour in England in July 2010, Mashrafe regain the captaincy of the ODI side. He took over from Shakib Al Hasan who had stepped down after
13156-585: The neighbouring states of Odisha , Bihar , and Jharkhand , and sizeable minorities of Bengali speakers reside in Indian cities outside Bengal, including Delhi , Mumbai , Thane , Varanasi , and Vrindavan . There are also significant Bengali-speaking communities in the Middle East , the United States , Singapore , Malaysia , Australia , Canada , the United Kingdom , and Italy . The 3rd article of
13299-506: The newest addition to the Bangladesh Premier League. The draft pick was held on 22 October 2015, where the team picked three overseas players and thirteen national players. Some of them were Imrul Kayes and Liton Das . In the icon selection, they got the second pick in the lottery and chose Mashrafe Mortaza . Before the tournament, analysts predicted the Victorians as the weakest team in the tournament due to lack of variation in
13442-695: The next ball and had to wipe away tears and regain his composure before starting his run-up. Despite a sore back in the second Test, Mashrafe continued to bowl. In the two Tests, Mashrafe scored 93 runs at an average of 31.00 and took nine wickets at an average of 24.88. In a close ODI series, Bangladesh won 3–2 after being 2–0 down, Mashrafe played in four matches and took four wickets at an average of 40.00. Playing for Khulna Division against Sylhet Division in March 2005, Mashrafe scored his maiden first-class century. Batting at number four in his team's second innings, Mashrafe scored 132 not out from 140 balls;
13585-514: The parliament of Bangladesh and the legislative assembly of West Bengal proposed that Bengali be made an official UN language. As of January 2023, no further action has been yet taken on this matter. However, in 2022, the UN did adopt Bangla as an unofficial language, after a resolution tabled by India. In 2024, the government of India conferred Bengali with the status of classical language . Approximate distribution of native Bengali speakers (assuming
13728-423: The previous two years. He featured in one match of the three-match ODI series; taking two wickets at 15.50 and Bangladesh again lost 3–0. Mashrafe was selected for the Asia squad to play in the 2007 Afro-Asia Cup , a three-match ODI series, replacing Pakistan fast-bowler Shoaib Akhtar . Along with spin bowler Mohammad Rafique , Mashrafe was one of two Bangladesh players in the squad. Mashrafe played in two of
13871-478: The quarterfinals in the World Cup, Mashrafe led his team back to back ODI series wins against Pakistan (3-0), India (2-1) and then world cup runners-up New Zealand (3-2) at home for the first time in their cricket history. It eventually made them a dominant ODI team in their home grounds. These results sealed a place for Bangladesh in the 2017 ICC Champions Trophy for the first time, where they finished off as semifinalists. His captaincy led Bangladesh Team to become
14014-454: The quarterfinals in the world cup just a few months back, whitewashed Pakistan (3-0) and became finalists on 2016 Asia Cup . Mashrafe then captained Bangladesh to qualify for the semi-finals in 2017 ICC Champions Trophy after their win against New Zealand, and draw against Australia. However, they failed to beat the hosts England in the final match of Group A. In Asia Cup 2018 , Bangladesh beat Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Afghanistan to reach to
14157-520: The remainder of the tour and his replacement, Shakib Al Hasan, led Bangladesh to a 2–0 and 3–0 victories in the Test and ODI series respectively. The West Indies' dispute remained unsolved for the rest of Bangladesh's tour and the West Indies continued to field an inexperienced side. The knee injury also ruled Mashrafe out of playing on the tour of Zimbabwe in August. In early August, Mashrafe travelled to Australia to undergo arthroscopic surgery on both knees;
14300-399: The round-robin stage, and he played in two matches collecting two wickets at an average of 38.00. In October and November 2003, England toured Bangladesh for two-Tests and three ODIs. In the second Test, Mashrafe took what at the time was his best Test figures of 4/60 before succumbing to injury, collapsing with a twisted knee after delivering the ball . Despite challenging England in
14443-463: The runners-up of the Asia Cup for two consecutive years ( 2016 , 2018 ) but lost to India in both. Throughout his career, Mashrafe has played a pivotal role in Bangladesh's rise as a competitive cricketing nation. Mashrafe won the first edition of Bangladesh Premier League as a captain in 2012 with Dhaka Gladiators . He joined Comilla Victorians in 2015 and won their first BPL title. He also won
14586-433: The same day, it was announced that Mashrafe was the new vice-captain. When Bangladesh toured Sri Lanka in June and July 2007 , Mashrafe took 3 wickets at 91.33 in three Test matches as Bangladesh lost the series 3–0. His poor performance led to suggestions that Mashrafe was uninterested in the series; he denied this and put performance down to a lack of confidence and fatigue from an intensive international schedule over
14729-470: The same period. In March 2018, Mashrafe took four wickets in four balls bowling for Abahani Limited against Agrani Bank Cricket Club in the 2017–18 Dhaka Premier Division Cricket League . He took his first List A hat-trick and became the first Bangladeshi bowler to take four wickets in four balls in List A cricket. He finished the 2017–18 Dhaka Premier Division Cricket League as the leading wicket-taker of
14872-465: The series 2–1. In January 2005 Zimbabwe toured Bangladesh, playing two Tests and five ODIs. Bangladesh won the Test series one Test to nil, their first series victory in Test cricket. In addition, Bangladesh's victory in the first Test at the MA Aziz Stadium was their first Test win. In the final innings of the first match, Mashrafe took the ninth wicket and with victory imminent he struggled to bowl
15015-457: The series but believed that he would improve with match practice. After losing the opening match of the series, Bangladesh won the next three encounters and beat Zimbabwe 3–1; Mashrafe finished with three wickets from four matches at an average of 32.66. At the end of the series Shakib praised the performance of his fast bowlers in the closing matches. While batting for Abahani in a Dhaka Premier Division League match in December, Mashrafe suffered
15158-478: The series leading wicket-taker. In the two-match Test series which followed, Mashrafe took three wickets at an average of 28.33 and scored 92 runs at an average of 30.66 as Bangladesh lost the series 1–0. When Bangladesh toured South Africa in November 2008 , Bangladesh lost the two-match and three-match Test and ODI series 2–0 and 3–0 respectively. Mashrafe was forced to miss out on Bangladesh's warm-up match due to
15301-479: The series with five wickets at an average of 37.00, although Bangladesh lost 2–0. In the following ODI series, Mashrafe played an instrumental role in Bangladesh's 16 run defeat of India in the second ODI on 26 December 2004. He was awarded the man of the match for his all-round performance—taking two wickets, two catches and scoring 31 not out . The match was Bangladesh's 100th ODI and Mashrafe's first one-day cricket in 15 months. Bangladesh went on to lose
15444-499: The series with four wickets at 49.50 and was the team's leading wicket taker. He consistently troubled the English batsmen, repeatedly beating the bat. A ODI tri-series followed in which Bangladesh recorded their maiden win against Australia . Mashrafe's bowling was important in Bangladesh's huge upset against Australia in Cardiff , removing Adam Gilchrist for a duck and conceding 33 runs from 10 overs as Bangladesh won by five wickets. At
15587-435: The series, Bangladesh lost 2–0, Mashrafe finished the series with 8 wickets at an average of 21.25. As a result, he was again out of international cricket; this time for over a year. Injuries in the first three years of his international career saw Mashrafe only play 12 Tests and not more than four in a row. Mashrafe returned from his career-threatening injury and, after impressing in Bangladesh domestic cricket, he
15730-405: The series, Mashrafe returned for the final two ODIs and took one wicket for 45 runs; Bangladesh went on to lose the series 3–0. Ireland toured Bangladesh in March 2008 ; during the tour Mashrafe and two other Bangladesh players faced disciplinary action for missing a practice session. Bangladesh were undefeated in the three-match ODI series, with Mashrafe collecting four wickets at 22.75 and
15873-470: The series. In the final innings of the first Test, Mashrafe dropped a difficult catch off Australian captain Ricky Ponting who went on to see his side to victory with 118 not out. Habibul Bashar , the Bangladesh captain, said of the dropped catch, "If he had taken it we could have seen a different situation, but I must say he tried hard and you all know that he is a whole-hearted cricketer". Bangladesh lost
16016-427: The so-called "inherent" vowel [ɔ] is first expunged from the consonant before adding the vowel, but this intermediate expulsion of the inherent vowel is not indicated in any visual manner on the basic consonant sign ম [mɔ] . The vowel graphemes in Bengali can take two forms: the independent form found in the basic inventory of the script and the dependent, abridged, allograph form (as discussed above). To represent
16159-472: The sponsor of the team and it was renamed to Cumilla Warriors. The team were replaced by Comilla Victorians after the previous owners returned ahead of the 2021–22 Bangladesh Premier League . Due to the relations with the Hasina ministry that was revoked following the non-cooperation movement in Bangladesh, the team didn't participate in 2025 Bangladesh Premier League . The Comilla Victorians were created when
16302-482: The squad to face Australia in three ODIs in April. He finished as the team's leading wicket-taker with five wickets at an average of 29.00 from two matches, however he conceded runs at more than eight an over, the second highest in the series of those who had bowled at least ten over. Bangladesh lost the series 3–0 and in the third match, Mashrafe took his 150th ODI wicket with the dismissal of Callum Ferguson . The knee injury incurred in December required surgery which
16445-536: The superposed chôndrôbindu (ঁ) , denoting a suprasegmental for nasalisation of vowels (as in চাঁদ [tʃãd] "moon"), the postposed ônusbar (ং) indicating the velar nasal [ŋ] (as in বাংলা [baŋla] "Bengali") and the postposed bisôrgô (ঃ) indicating the voiceless glottal fricative [h] (as in উঃ! [uh] "ouch!") or the gemination of the following consonant (as in দুঃখ [dukʰːɔ] "sorrow"). The Bengali consonant clusters ( যুক্তব্যঞ্জন juktôbênjôn ) are usually realised as ligatures, where
16588-623: The team management. In the draft, their first pick was pacer Al-Amin Hossain . Their surprise picks were all-rounder Mahedi Hasan , pacer Mehedi Hasan Rana and Zimbabwean cricketer Solomon Mire . In the group games, Comilla performed very well. The team went on to win 9 games and losing 3, topping the leaderboard. However, the team suffered a heavy defeat against Dhaka Dynamites in Qualifier-1. Rangpur Riders eliminated them in Qualifier-2 which
16731-419: The team, despite inclusion of experienced players like Shoaib Malik and big hitters like Andre Russell . The Comilla Victorians opened its campaign against Dhaka Dynamites . The game was played on 22 November which ended in a defeat to Dhaka Dynamites by six wickets. They went on to win 7 matches while losing only two. The team finished the regular season on top the table. Comilla defeated Rangpur Riders in
16874-458: The three matches, taking one wicket at an average of 108 runs as Asia won the series 3–0. At the inaugural World Twenty20 , held in South Africa in September 2007, Mashrafe took two wickets at 80.00 and scored 35 runs at 8.75 in five matches as Bangladesh progressed to the second stage of the tournament. In a match against Australia in the tournament, Mashrafe became one of three victims of
17017-415: The tournament had started, he reported to have been approached with a request to participate in spot-fixing . Led by Mashrafe, who took ten wickets from eleven matches, Dhaka won the BPL's inaugural season. Shortly after the tournament concluded, Bangladesh hosted the 2012 Asia Cup; after losing to Pakistan the previous December, five new players called into Bangladesh's 15-man squad, including Mashrafe who
17160-498: The tournament, it was Bangladesh's highest achievement at that time on any world tournament before qualifying for the semi-finals on the 2017 Champions Trophy. Throughout the tournament, the attacking captaincy and tactics of Chandika Hathurusingha and Mashrafe was highly praised. After the world cup, Bangladesh emerged with a new attacking brand of cricket and one of the most successful times in its recent cricketing history as they won home series against India with whom they lost to in
17303-487: The tournament, with 39 dismissals in 16 matches. In 2012 he joined the Dhaka Gladiators and 2015 from Comilla Victorians in the newly formed Bangladesh Premier League twenty20 competition and captained them to the tournament title and led Comilla Victorians clinch the title of the third Bangladesh Premier League (BPL) as well as champion of 2017 Bangladesh Premier League fourth time as captain. In October 2018, he
17446-484: The visible matra and an invisible baseline). There is yet to be a uniform standard collating sequence (sorting order of graphemes to be used in dictionaries, indices, computer sorting programs, etc.) of Bengali graphemes. Experts in both Bangladesh and India are currently working towards a common solution for this problem. Throughout history, there have been instances of the Bengali language being written in different scripts, though these employments were never popular on
17589-435: The vocabulary may differ according to the speaker's religion: Muslims are more likely to use words of Persian and Arabic origin, along with more words naturally derived from Sanskrit ( tadbhava ), whereas Hindus are more likely to use tatsama (words directly borrowed from Sanskrit). For example: The phonemic inventory of standard Bengali consists of 29 consonants and 7 vowels, as well as 7 nasalised vowels . The inventory
17732-530: Was US$ 600,000 by the Kolkata Knight Riders. Preity Zinta , a stake holder in the Kings XI Punjab team, said "Mortaza is a great player, an all-rounder and we wanted him". Buying Mashrafe was part of the Kolkata Knight Riders' attempt to appeal to a wider audience, including Bangladeshis. Mashrafe played just one match for the Kolkata Knight Riders; in the most expensive spell of the 2009 IPL, he bowled
17875-554: Was a part of the Greater Magadhan realm. The local varieties had no official status during the Gupta Empire , and with Bengal increasingly becoming a hub of Sanskrit literature for Hindu priests, the vernacular of Bengal gained a lot of influence from Sanskrit. Magadhi Prakrit was also spoken in modern-day Bihar and Assam , and this vernacular eventually evolved into Ardha Magadhi . Ardha Magadhi began to give way to what
18018-618: Was achieved against a very inexperienced West Indies side as a result of a dispute between the West Indies Cricket Board and the West Indies Players' Association over pay. The first XI had made themselves unavailable for selection and a new squad had to be chosen. Seven West Indies players made their Test debut in the match and the side was captained by Floyd Reifer who had played the last of his four Tests ten years earlier. Mashrafe's injury prevented him from taking part in
18161-533: Was acting as a temporary bowling coach for Bangladesh. Under Roberts' recommendation, Mashrafe was drafted into the Bangladesh A team. After one match for Bangladesh A (to date his only Bangladesh A match), Mashrafe made his Test debut on 8 November 2001 against Zimbabwe in the Bangabandhu National Stadium in Dhaka . Khaled Mahmud also debuted in the match, which was curtailed by rain and ended in
18304-506: Was also reconfirmed as vice-captain. Following Bangladesh's early exit from the 2009 ICC World Twenty20 , as a result of their defeat by Ireland, Mohammad Ashfraful's leadership was criticised, but stated that he wished to remain captain. In June 2009, the BCB relieved Ashraful of the captaincy so that he could focus on his batting and Mashrafe was appointed captain for the tours of the West Indies and Zimbabwe. Shakib Al Hasan replaced Mashrafe as vice-captain. In July 2009, Bangladesh toured
18447-473: Was also the man of the match in Bangladesh's victory over India during the group stage of the 2007 World Cup, taking 4/38; at the time they were the best figures by a Bangladesh bowler at a World Cup. Bangladesh progressed to the second round of the tournament, and Mashrafe played in all nine of the team's matches, taking nine wickets at an average of 35.88. Shortly after the World Cup, India toured Bangladesh for two Test matches and three ODIs. Bangladesh lost
18590-442: Was deferred until May; the operation left him unable to play cricket until at least October. The Bangladesh Cricket Board founded the six-team Bangladesh Premier League in 2012, a twenty20 tournament to be held in February that year. An auction was held for teams to buy players, and Mashrafe was bought by the Dhaka Gladiators for $ 45,000. On his return to competitive cricket Mashrafe was made captain of Dhaka Gladiators. Before
18733-550: Was extensively developed during the Bengali Renaissance and is one of the most prolific and diverse literary traditions in Asia. The Bengali language movement from 1948 to 1956 demanding that Bengali be an official language of Pakistan fostered Bengali nationalism in East Bengal leading to the emergence of Bangladesh in 1971. In 1999, UNESCO recognised 21 February as International Mother Language Day in recognition of
18876-716: Was filled with controversy. Due to persistent rain, the match was signaled to resume the next day which was against the bylaws of BPL. The rule was if the match had to be called off, then the team higher in group rankings would advance, hence Comilla Victorians’ team management were very angry. All the franchises were given until 30 September 2018 to submit their 4 retained cricketers. Comilla Victorians retained Tamim Iqbal , Imrul Kayes , Mohammad Saifuddin and Shoaib Malik . As all franchises are allowed to sign 2 foreign players pre-draft (but they can't be their players from last season), Comilla went ahead and signed English all rounder, Liam Dawson and Sri Lankan Asela Gunaratne . In
19019-486: Was in Chittagong Vikings in the last BPL 6th edition. Alongside the team bought Soumya Sarkar , Al-Amin Hossain , Sabbir Rahman , Abu Hider from the players' draft while Dasun Shanaka , Mujeeb Ur Rahman and Dawid Malan being foreign players. Dasun Shanaka was selected as captain for this team. The Comilla Victorians opened its campaign against Durdanto Dhaka. The game was played on 19 January which ended in
19162-461: Was in and out of the side and Shakib Al Hasan was appointed captain in Mashrafe's absence. Mashrafe used to be considered one of the fastest bowlers produced by Bangladesh, previously bowling in the mid-145s-148s km/h in the 2000s, and regularly opened the bowling. After the Test series against Zimbabwe and one against New Zealand , Mashrafe missed the series against Pakistan in January 2002 as he
19305-400: Was instrumental in the second victory, coming in with the score on 120/7 chasing 185 to win. He guided his team home with a 43 not out, farming the strike to protect the Bangladesh tail. Mashrafe took career-best bowling figures of 6/26 from his 10 overs in the final ODI, ensuring Bangladesh were chasing a low target. His figures are also the best in ODIs by any Bangladesh cricketer. In
19448-411: Was less successful in the ODI series, taking one wicket for 123 runs in three matches. In Bangladesh's two Tests against South Africa in February and March 2008 , Mashrafe failed to take a single wicket in either match and his team lost 2–0. As a result of his dip in form, Mashrafe was dropped for the first match of the three-match ODI series that followed. After Bangladesh lost the opening match of
19591-435: Was making his come back to the national side after injury. When the BCB announced its central contracts for 2012 in March, Mashrafe retained his top-level contract. Against expectations Bangladesh progressed to the cup final against Pakistan; it was just the second time Bangladesh had reached the final of a tournament. Though he had played in the BPL, bowling ten overs in the ODIs, as opposed to just four per match, proved to be
19734-543: Was named in the squad for the Rangpur Riders team, following the draft for the 2018–19 Bangladesh Premier League . He was the leading wicket-taker for the team in the tournament, with 22 dismissals in 14 matches. In November 2019, he was selected to play for the Dhaka Platoon in the 2019–20 Bangladesh Premier League . In the 9th edition of BPL which took place in 2023, he captained Sylhet Strikers and helped them reach
19877-605: Was prevented from playing against New Zealand in February 2010 due to a fever. Mashrafe made his comeback from injury in a match for Bangladesh Cricket Board XI against England during their tour of Bangladesh . Following the match, he commented that he had no interest in regaining the captaincy as in his opinion Shakib Al Hasan had done a good job. He also said that if his injury problems persisted he would contemplate retiring from Test cricket to focus on ODIs and T20s, similar to fellow fast bowlers Shane Bond , Shaun Tait , Andrew Flintoff , and Brett Lee . Mashrafe declined to play in
20020-486: Was selected in the 13-man squad to face India in a home two-Test series during December 2004. He announced his return to Test cricket in the first Test at Dhaka by dismissing Rahul Dravid . He bowled consistently in the series and nearly dismissed Sachin Tendulkar and Sourav Ganguly , but catches were dropped. ESPNcricinfo noted that in the second Test he "toiled manfully again with wretched back-up". Mashrafe finished
20163-451: Was suffering from a back injury. While recovering, Mashrafe suffered a knee injury while skipping and required an operation. As a result, he was unable to play cricket for a further eight months. At this stage of his career, Mashrafe had played four Tests and taken 12 wickets at an average of 31.16. Mashrafe did not return to international cricket until the 2003 World Cup in South Africa during 2003. Bangladesh failed to progress past
20306-559: Was the Man-of-the-match in the match against India in the 2007 Cricket World Cup . He took four wickets that game and knocked out India from the group stage. Mashrafe was picked up by the Kolkata Knight Riders for $ 600,000 in IPL 2009 . Mashrafe debuted as a captain after the 2009 T20 World Cup , where he captained Bangladesh against West Indies and Zimbabwe and won both them but it led him to an ankle injury and forced him to hand over
20449-599: Was told that he can continue bowling for up to a year, but then he will require minor surgery to drain the fluid. The operation would keep him from playing cricket for six to eight weeks. In September 2008, Mortaza was approached by the Indian Cricket League to join the newly formed Dhaka Warriors. The league was not legitimate according to the ICC, whose lead was followed by the Bangladesh Cricket Board (BCB), and
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